ASTM F1140/F1140M-13
(Test Method)Standard Test Methods for Internal Pressurization Failure Resistance of Unrestrained Packages
Standard Test Methods for Internal Pressurization Failure Resistance of Unrestrained Packages
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 These test methods provide a rapid means of evaluating tendencies for package failure when the package is exposed to a pressure differential. Pressure differentials may occur during processes such as sterilization and transportation.
5.2 These test methods are frequently used to quickly evaluate packages during the manufacturing process and at various stages of the package's life cycle.
5.3 If correlations between pieces of test equipment are to be made, it is important that all parameters of the test method be exactly the same. Typical parameters may include, but are not limited to, package size, material, seal configuration, test equipment, rate of air flow into the package, sensitivity (machine response to pressure drop), and position of test article (see Fig. 1).
5.4 These test methods do not necessarily provide correlation with actual package seal strength as typically measured using Test Method F88 (or equivalent).
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods explain the procedure for determining the ability of packages to withstand internal pressurization.
1.2 The burst test increasingly pressurizes the package until the package fails.
1.3 The creep test maintains a specified pressure for a specified time or until the package fails.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: F1140/F1140M − 13
Standard Test Methods for
Internal Pressurization Failure Resistance of Unrestrained
1
Packages
ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationF1140/F1140M;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyear
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 package failure—refers to rupture of seal or material.
1.1 These test methods explain the procedure for determin-
3.2.2 restraint—a mechanism that prevents package move-
ing the ability of packages to withstand internal pressurization.
ment during inflation.
1.2 The burst test increasingly pressurizes the package until
the package fails.
4. Summary of Test Method
1.3 The creep test maintains a specified pressure for a
4.1 Test Method A (Burst Test)—Packages are tested in an
specified time or until the package fails.
apparatus that internally pressurizes the package until the
package fails. The pneumatic supply and pressurization equip-
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
ment need the capability to maintain an increasing pressure
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
until the package bursts. The test measure is the maximum
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
pressure detected before the package fails.
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
values from the two systems may result in non-conformance
4.2 Test Method B (Creep Test)—Packages are tested in
1
with the standard.
apparatus that internally pressurizes the package to a specified
pressure and maintains that internal package pressure for a
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
specific time. The test measure is pass/fail.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
4.3 Test Method B (Creep to Failure)—Packages are creep-
2
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
tested and held until the package fails. Test setup is similar to
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
that of the Creep Test except the pressure setting will need to
be higher to ensure the package fails in a reasonable amount of
2. Referenced Documents
time (that is, about 15 s). The test measure is the time until
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
failure.
E171 Practice for Conditioning and Testing Flexible Barrier
5. Significance and Use
Packaging
F17 Terminology Relating to Flexible Barrier Packaging
5.1 These test methods provide a rapid means of evaluating
F88 Test Method for Seal Strength of Flexible Barrier tendencies for package failure when the package is exposed to
Materials
a pressure differential. Pressure differentials may occur during
processes such as sterilization and transportation.
3. Terminology
5.2 These test methods are frequently used to quickly
3.1 Definitions—For definitions and terms used in this test
evaluate packages during the manufacturing process and at
method, refer to Terminology F17 for standardized terminol-
various stages of the package’s life cycle.
ogy for flexible barrier packaging.
5.3 If correlations between pieces of test equipment are to
be made, it is important that all parameters of the test method
be exactly the same. Typical parameters may include, but are
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F02 on
not limited to, package size, material, seal configuration, test
FlexibleBarrierPackagingandarethedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeF02.20
on Physical Properties.
equipment, rate of air flow into the package, sensitivity
Current edition approved April 1, 2013. Published June 2013. Originally
(machineresponsetopressuredrop),andpositionoftestarticle
approved in 1988. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as F1140 – 07 (2012).
(see Fig. 1).
DOI: 10.1520/F1140_F1140M-13.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
5.4 These test methods do not necessarily provide correla-
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
tion with actual package seal strength as typically measured
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. using Test Method F88 (or equivalent).
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
F1140/F1140M − 13
6.2 The test apparatus for both open and closed package
testing shall include the following:
6.2.1 Means of Measuring the Pressure Inside the Package,
6.2.2 Timer, and
6.2.3 Pressure R
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: F1140 − 07 (Reapproved 2012) F1140/F1140M − 13
Standard Test Methods for
Internal Pressurization Failure Resistance of Unrestrained
1
Packages
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1140;F1140/F1140M; the number immediately following the designation indicates
the year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 These test methods explain the procedure for determining the ability of packages to withstand internal pressurization.
1.2 The burst test increasingly pressurizes the package until the package fails.
1.3 The creep test maintains a specified pressure for a specified time or until the package fails.
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each
system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the
two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1898E171 Practice for Sampling of PlasticsConditioning and Testing Flexible Barrier Packaging (Withdrawn 1998)
D4332F17 Practice for Conditioning Containers, Packages, or Packaging Components for TestingTerminology Relating to
Flexible Barrier Packaging
F88 Test Method for Seal Strength of Flexible Barrier Materials
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—For definitions and terms used in this test method, refer to Terminology F17 for standardized terminology for
flexible barrier packaging.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 flexible—indicates a material of the proper flexural strength and thickness to permit a turn back at an appropriate 180°
angle. In order to fulfill all terms of the definition, at least one of the sealed materials must be flexible.
3.2.1 package failure—refers to rupture of seal or material.
3.2.2 restraint—a mechanism that prevents package movement during inflation.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 Test Method A (Burst Test)—Packages are tested in an apparatus that internally pressurizes the package until the package
fails. The pneumatic supply and pressurization equipment need the capability to maintain an increasing pressure until the package
bursts. The test measure is the maximum pressure detected before the package fails.
4.2 Test Method B (Creep Test)—Packages are tested in apparatus that internally pressurizes the package to a specified pressure
1
and maintains that internal package pressure for a specific time. The test measure is pass/fail.
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F02 on Flexible Barrier Packaging and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F02.20 on
Physical Properties.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2012April 1, 2013. Published November 2012June 2013. Originally approved in 1988. Last previous edition approved in 20072012 as
F1140 – 07.F1140 DOI: 10.1520/F1140-07R12. – 07 (2012). DOI: 10.1520/F1140_F1140M-13.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
F1140/F1140M − 13
4.3 Test Method B (Creep to Failure)—Packages are creep-tested and held until the package fails. Test setup is similar to that
2
of the Creep Test except the pressure setting will need to be higher to ensure the package fails in a reasonable amount of time (that
is, about 15 s). The test measure is the time until failure.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 These test methods provide a rapid means of evaluating tendencies for package failure when the package is exposed to a
pressure differential. Pressure differentials may occur during processes such as sterilization and transportation.
5.2 These test methods are frequently used to quickly evaluate packages during the manufacturing process and at various
...
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