ASTM D4156-95

Standard Performance Specification for Women's and Girls' Knitted Sportswear Fabrics

SCOPE
1.1 This performance specification covers knitted fabrics comprised of any textile fiber or mixture of fibers, used in women's and girl's sportswear.  
1.2 These requirements apply to the length and width directions for those properties where each fabric direction is pertinent.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-May-2001
• ICS: 61.020 - Clothes
• Technical Committee: D13 - Textiles
• Drafting Committee: D13.61 - Apparel

Relations

• Replaced By: ASTM D4156-01 - Standard Performance Specification for Women's and Girls' Knitted Sportswear Fabrics
• Effective Date: 10-May-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D6321/D6321M-22 - Standard Practice for the Evaluation of Machine Washable T-Shirts
• Effective Date: 10-May-2001

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: D 4156 – 95
Standard Performance Specification for
Women’s and Girls’ Knitted Sportswear Fabrics
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 4156; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Crockmeter Method
124 – 1978 Appearance of Durable Press Fabrics after
1.1 This performance specification covers knitted fabrics
Repeated Home Launderings
comprised of any textile fiber or mixture of fibers, used in
132 – 1979 Colorfastness to Drycleaning
women’s and girl’s sportswear.
135 – 1978 Dimensional Changes in Automatic Home
1.2 These requirements apply to the length and width
Laundering of Durable Press Woven or Knit Fabrics
directions for those properties where each fabric direction is
Evaluation Procedure 1 Gray Scale for Color Change
pertinent.
Evaluation Procedure 2 Gray Scale for Staining
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Evaluation Procedure 3 AATCC Chromatic Transference
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Scale
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
2.3 Federal Standard:
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
16 CFR, Chapter II—Consumer Product Safety Commis-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
sion Subchapter D—Flammable Fabrics Act Regulations.
2. Referenced Documents 2.4 Military Standard:
MIL-STD-105D Sampling Procedures and Tables for In-
2.1 ASTM Standards:
spection by Attributes
D 123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
D 2594 Test Methods for Stretch Properties of Knitted
NOTE 1—Reference to test methods in this standard give only the
Fabrics Having Low Power
permanent part of the designation of ASTM, AATCC, or other test
D 2724 Test Methods for Bonded, Fused, and Laminated methods. The current editions of each test method cited shall prevail.
Apparel Fabrics
3. Terminology
D 2905 Practice for Statements on Number of Specimens
3.1 Definitions:
for Textiles
3.1.1 sheer, n—a fabric that is transparently thin or diapha-
D 3786 Test Method for Hydraulic Bursting Strength of
nous.
Knitted Goods and Nonwoven Fabrics—Diaphragm
3.1.1.1 Discussion—There is no clear distinction between
Bursting Strength Tester Method
sheer fabrics and nonsheer fabrics. The purchaser and the seller
D 3787 Test Method for Bursting Strength of Knitted
should agree in advance as to which category a fabric is to be
Goods—Constant-Rate-of-Traverse (CRT), Ball Burst
classified.
Test
3.2 For definitions of other textile terms used in this
2.2 AATCC Methods:
specification, refer to the individual ASTM and AATCC test
8 – 1977 Colorfastness to Crocking: AATCC Crockmeter
methods and to Terminology D 123.
Method
15 – 1979 Colorfastness to Perspiration
4. Specification Requirements
16 – 1977 Colorfastness to Light
4.1 The properties of knitted fabrics for women’s and girls’
23 – 1975 Colorfastness to Burnt Gas Fumes
sportswear shall conform to the specification requirements in
61 – 1980 Colorfastness to Washing, Domestic, and Laun-
Table 1.
dering, Commercial: Accelerated
116 – 1977 Colorfastness to Crocking: Rotary Vertical
5. Significance and Use
5.1 Upon mutual agreement between the purchaser and the
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-13 on
seller, fabrics intended for this end use should meet all of the
Textiles and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.56 on Performance
requirements listed in Table 1 of this specification.
Standards for Textile Fabrics.
Current edition approved May 15, 1995. Published July 1995. Originally
published as D 4156 – 82. Last previous edition D 4156 – 92.
2 5
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 07.01. Available from Superintendent of Documents, Government Printing Office,
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 07.02. Washington, DC 20402.
4 6
Available from the American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists, Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, Bldg. 4 Section D, 700
P.O. Box 12215, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709. Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, Attn: NPODS.
Copyright © ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D 4156
TABLE 1 Specification Requirements
NOTE 1—Class in colorfastness is based on a numerical scale of 5 for negligible color change or color transfer to 1 for very severe color change or
color transfer.
Requirements
Characteristic Section
Sheer Fabric Nonsheer Fabrics
A
Bursting strength (ball burst) 133 N (30 lbf), min 222 N (50 lbf), min 7.1
Dimensional change:
Pressing and finishing 2 % max 2 % max 7.2.1
Laundering (see 7.2.2.2) 3 % max 3 % max 7.2.2
Drycleaning 3 % max 3 % max 7.2.3
Colorfastness:
Burnt gas fumes, 2 cycles: 7.3.1
B B
Shade change, original Class 4 min Class 4 min
B B
Shade change, after laundering or one drycleaning Class 4 min Class 4 min
Laundering: 7.3.2
B B
Shade change Class 4 min Class 4 min
C C
Staining Class 3 min Class 3 min
Drycleaning: 7.3.3
B B
Shade change Class 4 min Class 4 min
Crocking: 7.3.4
D D
Dry Class 4 min Class 4 min
D D
Wet Class 3 min Class 3 min
Perspiration 7.3.5
B B
Shade change Class 4 min Class 4 min
C C
Staining Class 3 min Class 3 min
B B
Light (40AATCC FU) (xenon-arc) Step 4 min Step 4 min 7.3.6
Fabric appearance (see 7.4.1.1) DP 3.5 min DP 3.5 min 7.4
Flammability pass pass 7.5
A
There is more than one standard method that can be used to measure bursting strength, and lightfastness. These methods cannot be used interchangeably since there
may be no overall correlation between them (see Note 2, Note 3, and Note 8).
B
AATCC Gray Scale for Color Change.
C
AATCC Gray Scale for Staining.
D
AATCC Chromatic Transference Scale.
5.2 It is recognized that for purposes of fashion or aesthetics the purchaser and the seller.
the ultimate consumer of articles made from these fabrics may
NOTE 2—Care should be taken to subtract the tare diaphragm pressure
find acceptable fabrics that do not conform to all of the
from the gross pressure to obtain actual bursting strength of fabric when
requirements in Table 1. Therefore, one or more of the
using the diaphragm bursting tester. Calibrate the equipment according to
requirements listed in Table 1 may be modified by mutual
the manufacturer’s instruction before use. Since there is no overall
agreement between the purchaser and the seller. correlation between the results obtained with the CRT machine equipped
with a bursting attachment and the diaphragm bursting tester, these two
5.2.1 In such cases, any references to the specification shall
bursting testers cannot be used interchangeably. In case of controversy,
specify that: “This fabric meets ASTM Specification D 4156
Test Method D 3786 shall prevail.
except for the following characteristic(s).”
NOTE 3—The precision of the ball burst method using the CRT machine
5.3 Where no prepurchase agreement has been reached
equipped with a bursting attachment and the precision of the diaphragm
between the purchaser and the seller, and in case of contro-
bursting tester method are being established by Subcommittee D13.59.
versy, the requirements listed in Table 1 are intended to be used
The methods are accordingly not recommended fo
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