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ASTM D5958-99(2011)

(Practice)

Standard Practices for Preparation of Oil-Based Ink Resin Solutions

Standard Practices for Preparation of Oil-Based Ink Resin Solutions

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
These practices provide means of preparing small quantities of resin solution (in some procedures in an inert gas atmosphere using uniform, controlled heating).
This practice provides quick ways to prepare a resin solution for quality control testing during the manufacture of resin solutions and vehicles. Samples can usually be prepared in approximately 30 to 45 minutes or less.
These practices can be used to prepare commonly specified ink test solutions such as 33.3 % resin in alkali refined linseed oil, and 50 % resin in heat-set ink solvent (that is, C 12 to C16 hydrocarbon petroleum distillate with initial boiling point (IBP) about 470°F).
SCOPE
1.1 These practices describe laboratory procedures for preparing an oil-based ink resin solution in a high-boiling solvent using four pieces of lab equipment; (1) a hot oil bath (Sections 4 to 11),
(2) a stirrer/hot plate (Sections 12 to 16),
(3) an industrial blender (Sections 17 to 22), and
(4) a hot air gun (Sections 23 to 27).
ASTM Subcommittee D01.37 recommends using the hot oil bath procedure (Practice ) where possible.
1.2 These practices use laboratory equipment generally available in a normal, well-equipped laboratory.
1.3 One or several of these practices allows for rapid resin solution preparation (under 30 min, typical), can regulate the maximum temperature, can be done under an inert atmosphere, and can prevent the random solvent loss during preparation.
1.4 These procedures are for use with ink resins intended mainly for oil-based offset and letterpress inks. The type of resins are typically, but not limited to C9 aromatic hydrocarbon resins, modified dicyclopentadiene resins, rosin pentaerythritol or glycerine esters, phenolic modified rosin esters, maleic anhydride modified rosin esters, and naturally occurring resins such as gilsonite.
1.5 The typical high boiling solvents to be used include C12 to C16 petroleum distillates, 2,2,4 trimethyl 1,3-pentanediol di-isobutyrate, alkali refined linseed oil, tridecyl alcohol, or combinations of the above.
1.6 To avoid fire or injury, or both, to the operator, these practices should not be used with low flash point solvents such as toluene or xylene. The minimum flash point of the solvents used should be 60°C (140°F) as determined by Test Method D56. (WarningUsers of this practice should be aware that the flash point of many solvents used for this test (as defined in Test Methods D56 and D1310) is exceeded in the heating cycle of this test method. Take safety precautions since there is the potential for vapor ignition. Do the methods outlined in a shielded exhaust hood, where there is access to a fire extinguisher if needed.)
1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statement see 25.11.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
31-May-2011
ICS
87.080 - Inks. Printing inks
Technical Committee
D01 - Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications
Drafting Committee
D01.37 - Ink Vehicles
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D5958-99(2005)e1 - Standard Practices for Preparation of Oil-Based Ink Resin Solutions
Effective Date
01-Jun-2011
Replaced By
ASTM D5958-99(2012)e1 - Standard Practices for Preparation of Oil-Based Ink Resin Solutions
Effective Date
01-Nov-2012

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ASTM D5958-99(2011) - Standard Practices for Preparation of Oil-Based Ink Resin Solutions
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D5958 − 99 (Reapproved 2011)
StandardPractices for
1
Preparation of Oil-Based Ink Resin Solutions
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5958; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D56.(Warning—Users of this practice should be aware that
the flash point of many solvents used for this test (as defined in
1.1 These practices describe laboratory procedures for pre-
Test MethodsD56 and D1310) is exceeded in the heating cycle
paring an oil-based ink resin solution in a high-boiling solvent
of this test method. Take safety precautions since there is the
using four pieces of lab equipment; (1) a hot oil bath (Sections
potential for vapor ignition. Do the methods outlined in a
4 to 11),
shielded exhaust hood, where there is access to a fire extin-
(2) a stirrer/hot plate (Sections 12 to 16),
guisher if needed.)
(3) an industrial blender (Sections 17 to 22), and
(4) a hot air gun (Sections 23 to 27). 1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
ASTM Subcommittee D01.37 recommends using the hot oil standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
bath procedure (Practice D5597) where possible. standard.
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the
1.2 These practices use laboratory equipment generally
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
available in a normal, well-equipped laboratory.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
1.3 One or several of these practices allows for rapid resin
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
solution preparation (under 30 min, typical), can regulate the
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard
maximum temperature, can be done under an inert atmosphere,
statement see 25.11.
and can prevent the random solvent loss during preparation.
2. Referenced Documents
1.4 These procedures are for use with ink resins intended
3
mainly for oil-based offset and letterpress inks. The type of
2.1 ASTM Standards:
resins are typically, but not limited to C aromatic hydrocarbon
9
D56 Test Method for Flash Point by Tag Closed Cup Tester
resins, modified dicyclopentadiene resins, rosin pentaerythritol
D1310 TestMethodforFlashPointandFirePointofLiquids
or glycerine esters, phenolic modified rosin esters, maleic
by Tag Open-Cup Apparatus
anhydride modified rosin esters, and naturally occurring resins
D1725 Test Method for Viscosity of Resin Solutions
such as gilsonite.
D5062 Test Method for Resin Solution Dilutability by
Volumetric/Gravimetric Determination
1.5 The typical high boiling solvents to be used include C
12
to C petroleum distillates, 2,2,4 trimethyl 1,3-pentanediol D5597 Practice for Preparation of Oil-Based Ink Resin
16
4
2
Solutions Using a Hot Oil Bath (Withdrawn 1999)
di-isobutyrate, alkali refined linseed oil, tridecyl alcohol, or
combinations of the above. E1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
E230 Specification and Temperature-Electromotive Force
1.6 To avoid fire or injury, or both, to the operator, these
(EMF) Tables for Standardized Thermocouples
practices should not be used with low flash point solvents such
as toluene or xylene. The minimum flash point of the solvents
3. Terminology
used should be 60°C (140°F) as determined by Test Method
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 cold cut, n—dispersionofresinintosolventusinghigh
1
These practices are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint
shear dispersion without external heating.
and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and are the direct responsibility
3.1.2 compatibility, n—resin and solvent mixture forms a
of Subcommittee D01.37 on Ink Vehicles.
Current edition approved June 1, 2011. Published June 2011. Originally clear, homogeneous, and stable solution.
ϵ1
approved in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as D5958 - 99 (2005) .
DOI: 10.1520/D5958-99R11.
2 3
The sole source of supply of the plasticizer TXIB known to the committee at For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
this time is Eastman Chemical Company, / Texas E. M. Division, P.O. Box 7444, contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Longview,TX 75607-7444. If you are aware of alternative suppliers, please provide Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
this information to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive the ASTM website.
1 4
careful consideration at a meeting of the responsible technical committee, which The last a
...

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5.1 Oversize particles in a printing ink may damage a printing plate, plug a cell, clog a nozzle and adversely affect the appearance of printed ink films. Fineness of grind measurements are useful for deciding when to stop the dispersion process and for determining if the test material meets specifications as agreed upon between the supplier and the customer.
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5.1 Inadequate setting or drying of sheetfed inks, or both, can cause blocking of stacked prints with subsequent loss of product. “Setting” of an ink refers to the rapid rise in viscosity of the printed ink film, sometimes accompanied by surface drying, that prevents transference of the undried ink film to adjacent surfaces under light pressure. “Setting” is a property of the ink-substrate combination. Inadequate drying may be due to several factors, but the primary causes are: (1) omission of metallic driers from the ink, improper ink formulation (2) unusual ink-substrate interactions, and (3) use of a fountain solution that is too acidic. If the test prints are made on a standard laboratory proof press, where there is no application of fountain solution, then only the first three possible causes can be evaluated. If the prints have been made on a commercial production printing press or some other acceptable means of introducing the fountain solution into the ink agreed upon, then the effect of fountain solution can be determined. It will often be necessary to run several tests to isolate the specific cause of a drying problem.  
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SCOPE
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1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
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ASTM D5958-99(2020)(Practice)
Standard Practices for Preparation of Oil-Based Ink Resin Solutions

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 These practices provide means of preparing small quantities of resin solution (in some procedures in an inert gas atmosphere using uniform, controlled heating).  
5.2 This practice provides quick ways to prepare a resin solution for quality control testing during the manufacture of resin solutions and vehicles. Samples can usually be prepared in approximately 30 to 45 minutes or less.  
5.3 These practices can be used to prepare commonly specified ink test solutions such as 33.3 % resin in alkali refined linseed oil, and 50 % resin in heat-set ink solvent (that is, C12 to C16 hydrocarbon petroleum distillate with initial boiling point (IBP) about 470°F).
SCOPE
1.1 These practices describe laboratory procedures for preparing an oil-based ink resin solution in a high-boiling solvent using four pieces of lab equipment:
(1) A hot oil bath (Sections 4 to 11),
(2) A stirrer/hot plate (Sections 12 to 16),
(3) An industrial blender (Sections 17 to 22), and
(4) A hot air gun (Sections 23 to 27).
ASTM Subcommittee D01.37 recommends using the hot oil bath procedure (Practice D5597) where possible.  
1.2 These practices use laboratory equipment generally available in a normal, well-equipped laboratory.  
1.3 One or several of these practices allows for rapid resin solution preparation (under 30 min, typical), can regulate the maximum temperature, can be done under an inert atmosphere, and can prevent the random solvent loss during preparation.  
1.4 These procedures are for use with ink resins intended mainly for oil-based offset and letterpress inks. The type of resins are typically, but not limited to C9 aromatic hydrocarbon resins, modified dicyclopentadiene resins, rosin pentaerythritol or glycerine esters, phenolic modified rosin esters, maleic anhydride modified rosin esters, and naturally occurring resins such as gilsonite.  
1.5 The typical high boiling solvents to be used include C12 to C16 petroleum distillates, 2,2,4 trimethyl 1,3-pentanediol di-isobutyrate,2 alkali refined linseed oil, tridecyl alcohol, or combinations of the above.  
1.6 To avoid fire or injury, or both, to the operator, these practices should not be used with low flash point solvents such as toluene or xylene. The minimum flash point of the solvents used should be 60°C (140°F) as determined by Test Method D56. (Warning—Users of this practice should be aware that the flash point of many solvents used for this test (as defined in Test Methods D56 and D1310) is exceeded in the heating cycle of this test method. Take safety precautions since there is the potential for vapor ignition. Do the methods outlined in a shielded exhaust hood, where there is access to a fire extinguisher if needed.)  
1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statement see 25.11.  
1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM D7680-10(2020)(Practice)
Standard Practice for Preparing Prints of Paste Printing Inks by a Motor-Driven Printability Tester

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 It is generally recognized that the best method for evaluating printing properties of ink-substrate combinations is by actual printing. this practice provides a convenient method for preparing repeatable laboratory prints at realistic conditions of printing speed, printing pressure and ink film thickness.  
5.2 This practice is useful for quality control, specification acceptance between producer and user, product development and research. Printed samples have found widespread applications for color matching, gloss-ink holdout and other appearance properties, permanency, abrasion, drying time and many other tests of interest to the printing ink, paper and allied industries.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes the procedure for preparing laboratory prints of paste printing inks using a motor-driven printability tester.  
1.2 This practice covers printability testers of four different designs, referred to as Tester A, B, C, and D. These testers feature “push-button” control of printing speed and pressure and facilitate measurement of exact ink film thickness.  
1.3 This practice is intended primarily for lithographic and letterpress inks that dry by oxidation or penetration. With appropriate drying or curing equipment, it is also applicable to other systems such as heat-set or energy curable.  
1.4 This practice is applicable to the preparation of single-color solid-area prints by dry offset (also know as letterset) or by letterpress on any flat surface including paper, paperboard, plastic film, textiles, and metal.  
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The only other unit of measurement used is fpm.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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