ASTM F1182-90(2006)

Standard Specification for Anodes, Sacrificial Zinc Alloy

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the requirements for zinc anodes in the form of slabs, plates, discs, and rods for corrosion protection (cathodic protection) of metals and alloys.
1.2 The anodes are primarily intended to reduce corrosion of surface ship and submarine hulls, steel and aluminum equipment and structures, sea chests, sonar domes, and the seawater side of condensers and other heat exchangers.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The metric (SI) units, given in parentheses, are for information purposes only and may be approximate.
This standard does not purport to address the safety concerns associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 30-Nov-2006
• ICS: 77.150.60 - Lead, zinc and tin products
• Technical Committee: F25 - Ships and Marine Technology
• Drafting Committee: F25.07 - General Requirements

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM F1182-90(2001) - Standard Specification for Anodes, Sacrificial Zinc Alloy
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2006
• Replaced By: ASTM F1182-07 - Standard Specification for Anodes, Sacrificial Zinc Alloy
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2007

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
An American National Standard
Designation: F 1182 – 90 (Reapproved 2006)
Standard Specification for
Anodes, Sacrificial Zinc Alloy
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 1182; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope 2.3 Military Standards:
MIL-STD-105 Sampling Procedures and Tables for Inspec-
1.1 This specification covers the requirements for zinc
tion by Attributes
anodesintheformofslabs,plates,discs,androdsforcorrosion
MIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Storage
protection (cathodic protection) of metals and alloys.
MIL-STD-1186 Cushioning,Anchoring,Bracing,Blocking,
1.2 The anodes are primarily intended to reduce corrosion
and Waterproofing; With Appropriate Test Methods
of surface ship and submarine hulls, steel and aluminum
2.4 Military Specification:
equipment and structures, sea chests, sonar domes, and the
MIL-P-15011 Pallets Material Handling, Wood Post Con-
seawater side of condensers and other heat exchangers.
struction, 4-Way Entry
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
2.5 Federal Specifications:
asstandard.Themetric(SI)units,giveninparentheses,arefor
PPP-B-601 Boxes, Wood, Cleated Plywood
information purposes only and may be approximate.
PPP-B-621 Boxes, Wood, Nailed and Lock-Corner
1.4 This standard does not purport to address the safety
PPP-B-636 Boxes, Shipping, Fiberboard
concerns associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the
2.6 American National Standards Institute Standard:
user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health
ANSI/ASME B1.20.1—Pipe Threads, General Purpose
practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-
(Inch)
tions prior to use.
3. Classification
2. Referenced Documents
3.1 The anodes shall be of the following classes and types,
2.1 Order of Precedence—Intheeventofaconflictbetween
as specified (see 4.1.2):
thetextofthisspecificationandthereferencescitedherein,the
3.1.1 Class 1—Cast-in cores:
text of this specification shall take precedence.
2 3.1.1.1 Type ZHS—Zinc,hullslab,steelstraps,23and42-lb
2.2 ASTM Standards:
(10 and 19-kg) sizes.
A36/A36M Specification for Carbon Structural Steel
3.1.1.2 Type ZHB—Zinc, hull slab, brass straps, 23-lb
B21/B21M Specification for Naval Brass Rod, Bar, and
(10-kg) size.
Shapes
3.1.1.3 Type ZHC—Zinc, hull slab, core strap, 23 and 42-lb
B103/B103M Specification for Phosphor Bronze Plate,
(10 and 19-kg) sizes.
Sheet, Strip, and Rolled Bar
3.1.1.4 Type ZSS—Zinc, submarine slab, steel strap, 12 and
D3951 Practice for Commercial Packaging
24-lb (5 and 11-kg) sizes.
E290 Test Methods for Bend Testing of Material for
3.1.1.5 Type ZTS—Zinc, teardrop shape, steel strap, 5-lb
Ductility
(2-kg) size.
E536 TestMethodsforChemicalAnalysisofZincandZinc
3.1.1.6 Type ZEP—Zinc, heat exchanger or fair water disc,
Alloys
(pipe core or pipe bushing core):
Style A square slab, 9-lb (4-kg) size
This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee F25 on Ships
Style B circular slab, various sizes
and Marine Technology and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F25.07 on
Style C semicircular slab, 23-lb (10-kg) size
General Requirements.
3.1.1.7 Type ZBP—Zinc, bar, pipe core, 8-lb (4-kg) size.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2006. Published January 2007. Originally
approved in 1988. Last previous edition approved in 2001 as F1182–90 (2001).
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, DODSSP, Bldg. 4,
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098, http://
the ASTM website. www.dodssp.daps.mil.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
F 1182 – 90 (2006)
3.1.1.8 Type ZDM—Zinc, segmented disc, machine formed
B brass straps
S steel straps
interlocking core, various sizes.
C core strap
3.1.2 Class 2—Plain, no cores;
P pipe core
M machine formed interlocking core
3.1.2.1 Type ZRN—Zinc, rod, no core, extruded, drawn or
N no core
rolled.
3.1.2.2 Type ZPN—Zinc, plate, no core, rolled.
4. Ordering Information
3.2 The letter designations of types of anodes have the
4.1 Ordersformaterialunderthisspecificationshallinclude
following meanings:
the following information:
3.2.1 The first letter designates anode metal:
4.1.1 ASTM designation and year of issue,
Z zinc
4.1.2 Class and type (see 3.1),
3.2.2 The second letter designates the shape or general use:
4.1.3 StyleofTypeZEP,ifrequired(see3.1.1.6andFig.1),
H hull slab
4.1.4 Diameter of Type ZEP, Style B, if required (see Fig.
S submarine slab
1),
T teardrop shape
E heat exchanger slab
4.1.5 For Type ZDM, whether straight or tapered thread
R rod, cylindrical
support plug head is required (see section 5.1.4.2,)
P plate
B bar, square
4.1.6 Diameter of Type ZDM, if required (see Fig. 2),
D disc, segmented
4.1.7 Length, width, and thickness ofType ZHS, if required
3.2.3 The third letter designates the core:
(see Fig. 3 and Fig. 4),
FIG. 1 ZEP Heat Exchanger Slab
F 1182 – 90 (2006)
NOTE 1—All dimensions are in inches.
NOTE 2—1 in. = 25.4 mm.
FIG. 2 Zinc, Segmented Disc, Machine-Formed Interlocking Core, Type ZDM
4.1.8 Whether Type ZHC is for surface ship or submarine 5.1.1 Types ZHS, ZHC, ZSS, and ZTS anodes shall have
usage, if required (see Figs. 5-8), steelstrapcoresinaccordancewithSpecificationA36/A36M.
4.1.9 Pipe or bolt diameter of Type ZRN, if required (see The steel shall be coated with zinc, either by the hot-dip or
Fig. 9), electrodeposition method, to a minimum of 0.0005 in. (0.013
4.1.10 Thickness of Type ZPN, if required (see 9.2.1), mm).
4.1.11 Quantity required (see 4.2), 5.1.2 Type ZHB anodes shall have brass strap cores in
4.1.12 Qualityassurancecertification,ifrequired(see15.1), accordance with alloy 482 of Specification B21 or phosphor
and bronze straps in accordance with C51000 of Specification
4.1.13 Optional requirements, if any (see S1 through S3). B103. The brass or bronze straps shall be coated with zinc to
4.2 Theorderforanodesshouldspecifytheexactnumberof a minimum thickness of 0.0005 in. (0.013 mm). Lack of
anodes required (see 4.1.11).Acquisition of anodes by weight adhesion of the zinc coating at bend or absence of zinc coating
is not practical and is not recommended. atcutedgeswillnotbecauseforrejectionoffabricatedanodes.
4.3 When material is ordered in the form of slabs, bars, Cracks in the base metal shall be cause for rejection.
discs, or rods, these terms refer merely to the general form and 5.1.2.1 The maximum copper content in the zinc, as speci-
dimensions of the material and do not have any technical fied in Table 1, may be increased to 0.020% for Type ZHB
significance as to the methods of manufacture. anodes.
5.1.3 Types ZEP and ZBP anodes shall have core inserts
5. Materials and Manufacture
made from zinc coated steel pipe or pipe couplings. The
5.1 Materials: minimumthicknessofthecoatingshallbeasspecifiedin5.1.1.
F 1182 – 90 (2006)
NOTE 1—Anode may be cast with strap in the up or down position.All
NOTE 1—Anode may be cast with strap in the up or down position.All dimensions (inches) refer to the wider and longer edges of the anode.
dimensions (inches) refer to the wider and longer edges of the anodes. NOTE 2—Tolerance 6 ⁄8 in.
NOTE 2—Tolerance 6 ⁄8 in. NOTE 3—1 in. = 25.4 mm.
NOTE 3—1 in. = 25.4 mm. NOTE 4—Minimum weight 41 lb (18.6 kg).
NOTE 4—Minimum weight 21.5 lb (9.7 kg). FIG. 4 Zinc Hull Slab (Steel Straps), Type ZHS-42
FIG. 3 Zinc Hull Slab (Steel Straps), Type ZHS-23; Zinc Hull Slab
(Brass Straps), Type ZHB
5.2.2.1 TypeZHCanodesdesignatedasshownonFig.6and
5.1.4 Type ZDM anodes shall have machine formed inter- Fig. 8 and are intended for use with rubber washers for
locking cores in accordance with commercial grade mild or submarine application. The countersink for the rubber washer
leaded steel. The cores shall be flash coated with zinc, tin, or may be cast or machined. The anode shall be manufactured so
aluminum before assembly within the anodes.
thatthecountersinkiscenteredonthecoreholeandtherubber
5.1.4.1 This core insert consists of an integral piece having washer fits snugly between the hull and anode core to prevent
a threaded male stud at one end and a tapped hole at the other
anode movement or vibration.
end. Provision has been made to achieve self-locking charac- 5.2.2.2 Type ZSS, ZHS, ZHB, and ZTS anodes may be
teristics to interlocking threaded assemblies of multiple seg- mounted by welding or by fasteners. Those intended to be
mented anode discs by interference fit of bottom male threads attached by fasteners shall indicate the requirements for
into a taper tapped hole. mounting holes in the strap. The mounting hole shall be
5.2 Manufacture: counterbored on the structure side of the strap.
5.2.1 All anodes covered under this specification shall be 5.2.3 The pipe core inserts for Type ZEP anodes shall
manufacturedbyanyprocesssuitabletothecontractingagency conform to 5.1.3. The position of the pipe core insert shall not
provided they meet the mechanical properties and other re- vary more than 6 ⁄8 in. (3 mm) from the center as shown on
quirements of this specification. Fig. 1.
5.2.2 For Types ZHS, ZHB, ZHC, ZSS, and ZTS anodes, 5.2.4 The position of the pipe core insert for Type ZBP
open or closed molds may be used. Cores and straps shall be anodes specified in 5.1.3 shall not vary more than 6 ⁄4 in. (6
1 1 1
positioned so that they are embedded ⁄4,+ ⁄8,or− ⁄16 in. (6, mm) from the center as shown on Fig. 12.
+3, or −2 mm) as shown on Figs. 3-5, Fig. 7, and Fig. 10 and 5.2.5 Metallic bonding or an interference fit of the core into
Fig. 11, which may be measured from either surface of the Type ZDM anode (see Fig. 2) shall be required so that an axial
anode as applicable, except Fig. 11 (bottom), which shall be force applied from the stud end to remove the core insert is a
3 1 1
embedded ⁄8,+ ⁄8,or− ⁄16 in. (10, +3, or −2 mm). minimum of 750 lb (340 kg) (see 13.1.3).
F 1182 – 90 (2006)
NOTE 1—Anode may be cast with exposed face in the up or down
position. All dimensions are in inches.
NOTE 2—Tolerance 6 ⁄8 in.
NOTE 3—1 in. = 25.4 mm.
NOTE 4—Minimum weight 21.5 lb (9.7 kg).
FIG. 5 Zinc Hull Slab (Core Strap), Type ZHC-23
NOTE 1—Anode may be cast with exposed face in the up or down
5.2.6 The machine formed core insert specified in 5.1.4
position. All dimensions are in inches.
shall be manufactured in accordance with details and toler-
NOTE 2—Tolerance 6 ⁄8 in.
ances shown for Piece 2 on Fig. 1 and ANSI/ASME B1.20.1.
NOTE 3—1 in. = 25.4 mm.
5.2.6.1 ThepiecesshownonFig.1shallscrewtogethervery
NOTE 4—Minimum weight 21.5 lb (9.7 kg).
snugly by hand tightening or by using simple hand tools such FIG. 6 Zinc Hull Slab (Core Strap), Type ZHC-23, Submarine
Application
as pliers or pipe wrenches.
6. Chemical Composition
ensurethatthecompositionofthewatermeetswithlocal,state,
6.1 The anodes shall conform to the composition specified
and federal regulations.
in Table 1. Total of elemental constituents not specified in
9. Dimensions, Mass, and Permissible Variations
Table 1 shall not exceed 0.10%. Metallic elements not
specified in Table 1 are considered contaminants.
9.1 Types ZHS, ZHB, ZHC, ZTS, ZSS, ZEP, ZBP, ZDM,
and ZRN anodes shall be in accordance with the dimensions
7. Mechanical Properties
shown in Figs. 1-11, inclusive.
7.1 When tested in accordance with 13.2, Types ZRN rods 9.2 Type ZPN anode shall be 48 in. (1220 mm) in length by
and ZPN plates shall not fracture or show signs of cracking. 24 in. (610 cm) in width.
7.2 When tested in accordance with 13.2.1, ZRN anodes 9.2.1 Thethicknessshallbeeither ⁄2 or1in.(13or25mm)
shall have a minimum torsional shear strength of 12000 psi as specified (see 4.1.10).
(83 MPa). 9.3 TypesZSS-12,ZSS-24,ZHC-23,ZHC-42,ZHS-23,and
ZHS-42 shall have the following minimum weight require-
8. Other Requirements
ments:
Anode Weight, min, lb (kg)
8.1 When tested in accordance with 13.1.1 or 13.1.2, Types
ZHS,ZHB,ZHC,ZSS,ZTS,ZEP,andZBPanodesshallobtain
ZSS-12 11.0 (5)
a sound metallurgical bond between the zinc and core for at
ZSS-24, ZHC-23, ZHS-23 21.5 (10)
ZHC-42 39.0 (18)
least30%ofthetotalsurfaceareaofeachcoreincontactwith
ZHS-42 41.0 (19)
the anode.
8.2 During the manufacturing process, certain toxic com- 9.3.1 The total weight of the specified type of anode
pounds (such as zinc phosphide) may become by-products. received divided by the total number of anodes of that type
Caution should be taken in disposal of process wastewater to shall be equal to or greater than the minimum weight (11.0,
F 1182 – 90 (2006)
NOTE 1—Anode may be cast with exposed face in the up or down position. All dimensions are in inches.
NOTE 2—Tolerance 6 ⁄8 in.
NOTE 3—1 in. = 25.4 mm.
NOTE 4—Minimum weight 39 lb (17.7 kg).
FIG. 7 Zinc Hull Slab (Core Strap), Type ZHC-42
21.5, 39.0, 41.0 lb (5, 10, 18, 19 kg)) of the anode type 10. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance
specified.Iftheweightislessthantheminimumweightforthe
10.1 The zinc anodes shall be free of flash burrs, cracks,
type of anode specified, it shall be cause for rejection of the
blow holes, pipes, and surface slag consistent with good
entire lot.
commercial practice.
9.4 The length and width of Types ZHS, ZHB, ZHC, ZTS,
10.1.1 For anodes less than 2 in. (50 mm) thick, when
ZPN, ZSS, and ZBP anodes shall not vary more than 6 ⁄8 in.
measured with a straightedge placed diagonally across the
(3 mm), measured at the widest surface of the tapered (for
opposite edges of the cast anode, the anode shall be free of
mold release) anode.
shrinkagecavitiesexceeding ⁄4 in.(6mm)indepth.Anodes2
9.5 The length of Type ZRN anodes will be permitted to
in. (50 mm) thick or more shall be free of shrinkage cavities
have a variation of 61 in. (25 mm) based on nominal lengths
exceeding ⁄8 in. (10 mm) in depth.
of 3 and 6 ft (914 and 1829 mm).
10.1.1.1 For Type ZPN anodes, shrinkage cavities shall be
9.6 The diameter or width, whichever is the larger, of Type
measuredovera12-by12-in.(305-by305-mm)areaandshall
ZEP anodes shall not vary from the
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