ASTM D3535-00

Standard Test Method for Resistance to Deformation Under Static Loading for Structural Wood Laminating Adhesives Used Under Exterior (Wet Use) Exposure Conditions

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers adhesives suitable for the bonding of wood, including treated wood, into structural laminated wood products for general construction, for marine use, or for other uses where a high-strength general construction, deformation-resistant, waterproof adhesive bond is required.  
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Mar-2000
• ICS: 83.180 - Adhesives
• Technical Committee: D14 - Adhesives
• Drafting Committee: D14.30 - Wood Adhesives

Relations

• Replaced By: ASTM D3535-07 - Standard Test Method for Resistance to Creep Under Static Loading for Structural Wood Laminating Adhesives Used Under Exterior Exposure Conditions
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2007
• Referred By: ASTM D2559-12a(2018) - Standard Specification for Adhesives for Bonded Structural Wood Products for Use Under Exterior Exposure Conditions
• Effective Date: 10-Mar-2000

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D3535–00
Standard Test Method for
Resistance to Deformation Under Static Loading for
Structural Wood Laminating Adhesives Used Under Exterior
(Wet Use) Exposure Conditions
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 3535; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope pieces bent to curved form during gluing. (Synonym glulam)
ANSI/AITC A190.1 – 1992, American National Standard for
1.1 This test method covers adhesives suitable for the
Wood Products—Structural Glued Laminated Timber (Edited
bonding of wood, including treated wood, into structural
to conform with ASTM format).
laminated wood products for general construction, for marine
3.1.3 For other terms used in this test method, refer to
use, or for other uses where a high-strength general construc-
Terminology D 907.
tion, deformation-resistant, waterproof adhesive bond is re-
quired.
4. Summary of Test Method
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
4.1 Glued laminations are subjected to a constant load under
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
various combinations of temperature and relative humidity.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
The amount of deformation is measured.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 This test method rates the performance of the adhesive
2. Referenced Documents
in laminated wood as measured by resistance to deformation
2.1 ASTM Standards:
2 under static load.
D 907 Terminology of Adhesives
5.2 This test method will normally be used in conjunction
D 2559 Specification for Adhesives for Structural Lami-
with Specification D 2559.
nated Wood Products for Use Under Exterior (Wet Use)
Exposure Conditions
6. Apparatus
3. Terminology 6.1 Compression-Type Deformation Tester, as shown in Fig.
1, required for testing the specimens under the static load.
3.1 Definitions:
This tester consists of:
3.1.1 glulam, n—synonym for structural-glued-laminated
6.1.1 Base Plate,
timber.
6.1.2 Four Tension Rods,
3.1.2 structural-glued-laminated timber, n— an engineered,
6.1.3 Spacer Plate,
stress-rated product of a timber laminating plant comprising
6.1.4 Center Rod,
assemblies of specially selected and prepared wood lamina-
6.1.5 Spring,
tions securely bonded together with adhesives, with the fol-
6.1.6 Top Plate, and
lowing characteristics: (1) the grain of all laminations is
6.1.7 Nuts.
approximately parallel longitudinally; and (2) the laminations
may be comprised of pieces end-joined to form any length, of
pieces placed or glued edge-to-edge to make wider ones or of
Springs selected must fit within the space provided [approximately 110-mm
(4.3-in.) maximum outside diameter and 300-mm (11.8-in.) maximum overall
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-14 on height] and should be of corrosion-resistant material (for example, stainless steel,
Adhesives and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D14.30 on Wood cadmium,orzinc-platedsteel),shouldhaveaspringconstantof35 00067000N/m
Adhesives. (200 6 40 lbf/in.) and a load when fully compressed (that is at solid height) of about
Current edition approved March 10, 2000. Published May 2000. Originally 4500 N (approximately 1000 lbf). For additional information, refer to Specification
published as D 3535–76. Last previous edition D 3535–92 (1996). A 125 for Steel Springs, Helical, Heat Treated, Annual Book of ASTM Standards,
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 15.06. Vol 01.05.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D3535
Metric Equivalents
mm in. mm in.
3.18 ⁄8 127 5
3 1
4.77 ⁄16 139.7 5 ⁄2
3 3
9.53 ⁄8 148 5 ⁄4
7 1
11.1 ⁄16 165.1 6 ⁄2
5 1
15.9 ⁄8 267 10 ⁄2
19.1 ⁄4 304.8 12
25.4 1 311.1 12 ⁄4
1 1
38.1 1 ⁄2 336.5 13 ⁄4
1 3
54.0 2 ⁄8 415 16 ⁄8
60.3 2 ⁄8 660.4 26
63.5 2 ⁄2
FIG. 1 Compression-Type Deformation Tester
D3535
filler pieces. Use of this tester requires special care when choosing a
6.2 Square Metal Spacers, coated with an effective mold-
spring (see footnote 3 in Fig. 1 and 10.1) that will fit the reduced space.
release agent. Seven are needed for each laminate. Dimensions
All other measurements will be the same as Fig. 1.
3 5
are 69.8 mm (2 ⁄4in.) long by 15.9 mm ( ⁄8 in.) wide by 6.4 mm
( ⁄4 in.) thick.
7. Selection and Preparation of Wood
6.3 Oven, capable of maintaining 71 6 2°C (160 6 3.6°F)
7.1 Useanysoftwoodorhardwoodplannedforgluing.Only
and humidity chamber capable of maintaining 26.7 6 2°C (80
one species is required, even if several will be glued. Flat-
6 3.6°F) and 906 5 % relative humidity.
grainedwoodismostdesirable,howeverexperiencehasshown
NOTE 1—Some ovens may not be able to accommodate a full length
that flat-grained specimens may break in the wood when
deformation tester. Since the test specimen is 276 mm in length, it is
loaded. (This test measures only deformation. Use Specifica-
permissible to reduce the “filler pieces” and angles to a length of 267 mm
tion D 2559 to measure bondability to all species considered.)
each allowing pressure to be exerted directly on the test specimen without
7.2 The wood shall have a slope of grain not steeper than 1
the use of filler blocks. Fig. 2 shows an optional deformation tester. The
changes are to the lengths of the 4-tension rods, center rod, angles and in 15 on any face or any edge.The wood shall contain no knots
FIG. 2 Optional Compression-Type Deformation Tester
D3535
larger than 3.18 mm ( ⁄8 in.) in diameter and shall be free of prepared by alternately laying seven metal spacers on edge
decay, machining defects (such as chipped grain, dubbed ends, tightly adjacent to eight wood center sections. The wood
feed roll polish, coarse knife marks, and feed roll compres-
sections should be slightly thicker than the metal spacers to
sion), and any drying defects such as case hardening, collapse, obtain adequate pressure on the gluelines. It has been found
splits, or checks.
that running a 13-mm
...