ASTM D5705-15

Standard Test Method for Measurement of Hydrogen Sulfide in the Vapor Phase Above Residual Fuel Oils

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Residual fuel oils can contain H2S in the liquid phase and this can result in hazardous vapor phase levels of H2S in storage tank headspaces. The vapor phase levels can vary significantly according to the headspace volume, fuel temperature and agitation. Measurement of H2S levels in the liquid phase provides a useful indication of the residual fuel oil’s propensity to form high vapor phase levels, and lower levels in the residual fuel oil will directly reduce risk of H2S exposure. It is critical, however, that anyone involved in handling fuel oil, such as vessel owners and operators, continue to maintain appropriate safety practices designed to protect the crew, tank farm operators and others who can be exposed to H2S.  
5.1.1 The measurement of H2S in the liquid phase is appropriate for product quality control, while the measurement of H2S in the vapor phase is appropriate for health and safety purposes.  
5.2 This test method was developed to provide refineries, fuel terminals and independent testing laboratories, which do not have access to analytical instruments such as a gas chromatograph, with a simple and consistent field test method for the rapid determination of H2S in the vapor phase above residual fuel oils.
Note 1: D5705 is one of three test methods for quantitatively measuring H2S in residual fuels:
1) Test Method D6021 is an analytical test method to determine H2S levels in the liquid phase.
2) Test Method D7621 is a rapid test method to determine H2S levels in the liquid phase.
Note 2: Because of the reactivity, absorptivity and volatility of H2S, any measurement method only provides an H2S concentration at a given moment in time.  
5.3 This test method does not necessarily simulate the vapor phase H2S concentration in a fuel storage tank. It does, however, provide a level of consistency so that the test result is only a function of the residual fuel oil sample and not the test method, operator, or location. No general correlation can b...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the field determination of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) in the vapor phase (equilibrium headspace) of a residual fuel oil sample.  
1.2 The test method is applicable to liquids with a viscosity range of 5.5 mm2/s at 40°C to 50 mm2 /s at 100°C. The test method is applicable to fuels conforming to Specification D396 Grade Nos. 4, 5 (Heavy), and 6.  
1.3 The applicable range is from 5 μmol/mol to 4000 μmol/mol (micromoles per mole) (5 ppm v/v to 4000 ppm v/v (parts per million by volume)).  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Mar-2015
• ICS: 75.160.20 - Liquid fuels
• Technical Committee: D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
• Drafting Committee: D02.14 - Stability, Cleanliness and Compatibility of Liquid Fuels

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D5705 −15
Standard Test Method for
Measurement of Hydrogen Sulfide in the Vapor Phase
1
Above Residual Fuel Oils
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5705; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
1.1 This test method covers the field determination of
3.1.1 equilibrium headspace, n—the vapor space above the
hydrogen sulfide (H S) in the vapor phase (equilibrium head-
2
space) of a residual fuel oil sample. liquid in which all vapor components are in equilibrium with
the liquid components.
1.2 The test method is applicable to liquids with a viscosity
2 2
3.1.2 residual fuel oil, n—a fuel oil comprising a blend of
range of 5.5 mm /s at 40°C to 50 mm /s at 100°C. The test
viscous long, short, or cracked residue from a petroleum
methodisapplicabletofuelsconformingtoSpecificationD396
refining process and lighter distillates blended to a fuel oil
Grade Nos. 4, 5 (Heavy), and 6.
viscosity specification.
1.3 The applicable range is from 5 µmol⁄mol to
3.1.2.1 Discussion—Under the conditions of this test (1:1
4000 µmol⁄mol (micromoles per mole) (5 ppm v⁄v to
liquid/vapor ratio, temperature, and agitation) the HSinthe
2
4000 ppm v/v (parts per million by volume)).
vapor phase (sample’s headspace) will be in equilibrium with
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the H S in the liquid phase.
2
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
only. 4. Summary of Test Method
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
4.1 A1 L H S-inert test container (glass test bottle) is filled
2
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
to 50 % by volume with fuel oil from a filled H S-inert
2
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
container (glass sample bottle) just prior to testing. In the test
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
container, the vapor space above the fuel oil sample is purged
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
with nitrogen to displace air. The test container with sample is
heated in an oven to 60 °C, and agitated on an orbital shaker at
-1 -1
2. Referenced Documents
3.67 s 6 0.08 s (220 r⁄min 6 5 r⁄min (revolutions per
2 minute)) for 3 min.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D396 Specification for Fuel Oils 4.2 Alength-of-stain detector tube and hand-operated pump
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and are used to measure the H S concentration in the vapor phase
2
Petroleum Products of the test container. The length-of-stain detector tube should
D6021 Test Method for Measurement of Total Hydrogen be close to but not in contact with the liquid surface.
Sulfide in Residual Fuels by Multiple Headspace Extrac-
tion and Sulfur Specific Detection 5. Significance and Use
D7621 Test Method for Determination of Hydrogen Sulfide
5.1 Residual fuel oils can contain H S in the liquid phase
2
in Fuel Oils by Rapid Liquid Phase Extraction
and this can result in hazardous vapor phase levels of HSin
2
storage tank headspaces. The vapor phase levels can vary
significantly according to the headspace volume, fuel tempera-
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
ture and agitation. Measurement of H S levels in the liquid
2
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
phase provides a useful indication of the residual fuel oil’s
Subcommittee D02.14 on Stability and Cleanliness of Liquid Fuels.
propensity to form high vapor phase levels, and lower levels in
Current edition approved April 1, 2015. Published July 2015. Originally
the residual fuel oil will directly reduce risk of H S exposure.
approved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as D5705 – 14. DOI:
2
10.1520/D5705-15.
Itiscritical,however,thatanyoneinvolvedinhandlingfueloil,
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
such as vessel owners and operators, continue to maintain
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
appropriate safety practices designed to protect the crew, tank
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. farm operators and others who can be exposed to H S.
2
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5705−15
5.1.1 The measurement of H S in the liquid phase is
2
appropriate for produ
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D5705 − 14 D5705 − 15
Standard Test Method for
Measurement of Hydrogen Sulfide in the Vapor Phase
1
Above Residual Fuel Oils
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5705; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the field determination of hydrogen sulfide (H S) in the vapor phase (equilibrium headspace) of a
2
residual fuel oil sample.
2 2
1.2 The test method is applicable to liquids with a viscosity range of 5.5 mm /s at 40°C to 50 mm /s at 100°C. The test method
is applicable to fuels conforming to Specification D396 Grade Nos. 4, 5 (Heavy), and 6.
1.3 The applicable range is from 55 μmol ⁄mol to 40004000 μmol ⁄ parts per million by volumemol (micromoles per mole)
(5 ppm v ⁄ (ppm v/v) (micro mole/mole).v to 4000 ppm v/v (parts per million by volume)).
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.The
values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D396 Specification for Fuel Oils
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D6021 Test Method for Measurement of Total Hydrogen Sulfide in Residual Fuels by Multiple Headspace Extraction and Sulfur
Specific Detection
D7621 Test Method for Determination of Hydrogen Sulfide in Fuel Oils by Rapid Liquid Phase Extraction
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 equilibrium headspace, n—the vapor space above the liquid in which all vapor components are in equilibrium with the
liquid components.
3.1.2 residual fuel oil, n—a fuel oil comprising a blend of viscous long, short, or cracked residue from a petroleum refining
process and lighter distillates blended to a fuel oil viscosity specification.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.14 on Stability and Cleanliness of Liquid Fuels.
Current edition approved June 1, 2014April 1, 2015. Published July 2014July 2015. Originally approved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 20132014 as
D5705 – 13.D5705 – 14. DOI: 10.1520/D5705-14.10.1520/D5705-15.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3.1.2.1 Discussion—
Under the conditions of this test (1:1 liquid/vapor ratio, temperature, and agitation) the H S in the vapor phase (sample’s
2
headspace) will be in equilibrium with the H S in the liquid phase.
2
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5705 − 15
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 A 1-L1 L H S-inert test container (glass test bottle) is filled to 50 volume % 50 % by volume with fuel oil from a filled
2
H S-inert container (glass sample bottle) just prior to testing. In the test container, the vapor space above the fuel oil sample is
2
purged with nitrogen to displace air. The test container with sample is heated in an oven to 60°C,60 °C, and agitated on an orbital
-1 -1
shaker at 2203.67 s rpm 6 0.08 s (220 r ⁄min 6 5 r ⁄min (revolutions per minute)) for 3 min.
4.2 A length-of-stain detector tube and hand-operated pump are used to measure the H S concentration in the vapor phase of
2
the test container. The length-of-stain detector tube should be close to but not in contact with the liquid surface.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 Residual fuel oils can contain H S in the liquid phase and this can result in hazardous vapor phase levels of H S in storage
2 2
tank headspaces. The vapor phase levels can vary significantly according to the headspace volume, fuel temperature and agitation.
Measurement of H S levels in the liqui
...