ASTM F683-99

Standard Practice for Selection and Application of Thermal Insulation for Piping and Machinery

SCOPE
1.1 This practice provides guidance in the selection of types and thicknesses of thermal insulation materials for piping, machinery, and equipment for nonnuclear shipboard applications. Methods and materials for installation, including lagging, are also detailed.
1.2 Supplemental requirements and exceptions to the requirements discussed herein for ships of the U.S. Navy are included in Supplementary Requirements S1.
1.3 Asbestos or asbestos-containing materials shall not be used.
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Feb-2002
• ICS: 27.220 - Heat recovery. Thermal insulation
• Technical Committee: F25 - Ships and Marine Technology
• Drafting Committee: F25.02 - Insulation/Processes

Relations

• Replaced By: ASTM F683-00 - Standard Practice for Selection and Application of Thermal Insulation for Piping and Machinery
• Effective Date: 10-Feb-2002
• Referred By: ASTM F2876-22 - Standard Practice for Thermal Rating and Installation of Internal Combustion Engine Packages for use in Hazardous Locations in Marine Applications
• Effective Date: 10-Feb-2002
• Referred By: ASTM F1155-10(2019) - Standard Practice for Selection and Application of Piping System Materials
• Effective Date: 10-Feb-2002
• Referred By: ASTM F3319-20 - Standard Specification for Selection and Application of Field-Installed Cryogenic Pipe and Equipment Insulation Systems on Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG)-Fueled Ships
• Effective Date: 10-Feb-2002

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: F 683 – 99 An American National Standard
Standard Practice for
Selection and Application of Thermal Insulation for Piping
and Machinery
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 683; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope Setting Thermal Insulating and Finishing Cement
C 533 Specification for Calcium Silicate Block and Pipe
1.1 This practice provides guidance in the selection of types
Thermal Insulation
and thicknesses of thermal insulation materials for piping,
C 547 Specification for Mineral Fiber Preformed Pipe Insu-
machinery, and equipment for nonnuclear shipboard applica-
lation
tions. Methods and materials for installation, including lag-
C 552 Specification for Cellular Glass Thermal Insulation
ging, are also detailed.
C 553 Specification for Mineral Fiber Blanket Thermal
1.2 Supplemental requirements and exceptions to the re-
Insulation for Commercial and Industrial Applications
quirements discussed herein for vessels of the U.S. Navy are
C 610 Specification for Molded Expanded Perlite Block and
included in Annex A1.
Pipe Thermal Insulation
1.3 Asbestos or asbestos containing materials shall not be
C 612 Specification for Mineral Fiber Block and Board
used.
Thermal Insulation
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
C 680 Practice for Determination of Heat Gain or Loss and
as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for
the Surface Temperatures of Insulated Pipe and Equipment
information only.
Systems by the Use of a Computer Program
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
C 892 Specification for High-Temperature Fiber Blanket
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Thermal Insulation
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
2.2 Federal Specification:
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
DOD-I-24688 Insulation, polyimide pipe, anti-sweat and
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
thermal sheet and tube
2. Referenced Documents
HH-P-31 Packing and Lagging Material, Fibrous Glass
Metallic and Plain Cloth and Tape
2.1 ASTM Standards:
2.3 Military Specifications:
A 167 Specification for Stainless and Heat-Resisting
MIL-A-3316 Adhesive, Fire-Resistant, Thermal Insulation
Chromium-Nickel Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip
MIL-A-24179 Adhesive, Flexible, Unicellular-Plastic,
A 526/A526M Specification for Steel Sheet, Zinc-Coated
Thermal Insulation
(Galvanized) by the Hot-Dip Process, Commercial Qual-
MIL-C-19565 Coating Compounds, Thermal Insulation
ity
Pipe Covering—Fire and Water-Resistant Vapor Barrier
B 209 Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy
and Weather Resistant
Sheet and Plate
MIL-C-20079 Cloth, Glass, Tape, Textile Glass and Thread,
C 168 Terminology Relating to Thermal Insulating Materi-
Glass
als
MIL-C-22395 Compound, End Sealing, Thermal Insulation
C 195 Specification for Mineral Fiber Thermal Insulating
Pipe Covering—Fire, Water, and Weather Resistant
Cement
MIL-I-2781 Insulation, Pipe, Thermal
C 449/C449M Specification for Mineral Fiber Hydraulic-
MIL-I-2818 Insulation Blanket, Thermal, Fibrous Material
MIL-I-2819 Insulation, Block, Thermal
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F-25 on Ships and MIL-I-16411 Insulation, Felt, Thermal, Glass Fiber
Marine Technology and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F25.02 on
MIL-I-22344 Insulation, Pipe, Thermal, Fibrous Glass
Insulation/Processes.
MIL-P-15280 Plastic Material, Unicellular (Sheets and
Current edition approved April 10, 1999. Published August 1999. Originally
Tubes)
published as F 683 – 80. Last previous edition F 683 – 97.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.03.
Discontinued 1994—Replaced by A 653/A 653M.
4 6
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 02.02. Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, Bldg. 4 Section D, 700
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.06. Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, Attn: NPODS.
Copyright © ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
F 683
MIL-STD-769 Thermal Insulation Requirements for Ma- 5.6 Minimum insulation requirements have not been estab-
chinery and Piping lished for those surfaces or applications where insulations had
2.4 Other Documents: not been specified in past practices. In effect, the following
Title 46 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR), Shipping surfaces are excluded from insulation requirements:
(Parts 164.012 and 164.112)
5.6.1 Surfaces where application of insulation would affect
USCG Equipment List CG 190-164.012 Interior Finish proper operation.
2.5 Drawings, NAVSHIPS:
5.6.2 Equipment, components, and systems designed for the
804-5959214 Piping Insulation, Installation Details
dispersion of heat.
804-5959212 Machinery Insulation, Installation Details
5.6.3 Thermostatic steam traps and 24 in. (620 mm) of
2.6 Drawing, NAVSEA:
piping upstream of traps, which shall not be insulated. When
803-5184182 Passive Fire Protection Insulation
located in areas where personnel protection is required, ex-
panded metal shields or multilayer glass cloth shall be pro-
3. Terminology
vided.
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms relating to insulat-
5.6.4 Mechanical joints exposed to subatmospheric pres-
ing materials used in this practice, refer to Definitions C 168.
sures, and those included in the fuel oil service piping from
heaters to burners.
4. Materials and Manufacture
5.6.5 Fuel oil piping between headers and burners.
4.1 Insulation and Lagging Material Specifications,as
5.6.6 Piping above 125°F (52°C) in bilges, not within
listed in Tables 1-17, describe those materials which are
watertight enclosures.
intended for use in the indicated temperature ranges. The
5.6.7 Piping in locations where sweating and possible re-
specifications and requirements outlined herein are not in-
sultant rust is not objectionable such as voids, bilges, and shaft
tended to prevent the use of new methods or materials,
alleys, plus plumbing fixtures and associated supply and drain
provided that sufficient technical data is submitted to demon-
piping immediately adjacent thereto.
strate that the proposed method or material is equivalent in
5.6.8 Dead-end hot water piping ⁄8 in. (10 mm) and smaller.
quality, effectiveness, durability, and safety to that prescribed
5.6.9 Pressure-gage piping.
by this practice.
5.6.10 Soot-blower valve units and soot-blower flanges.
5.6.11 Piping in voids and cofferdams except where omit-
5. General Requirements
ting insulation may be detrimental to system operation, such as
5.1 Piping, including valves, fittings, and flanges conveying
catapult steam.
vapors, gases, or liquids that attain temperatures outside the
5.6.12 Safety valve bodies, springs, and lifting gear.
range from 55 to 125°F (13 to 52°C) during normal operation,
5.6.13 Piping over shower stalls, behind, and under lavato-
shall be insulated except as otherwise stated herein.
ries.
5.2 The insulation thicknesses specified in this practice are
5.6.14 Valves or flanges in the collection holding tank
designed to maintain the surface temperature at or below 125°F
(CHT) System.
(52°C) for fluid temperatures up to 650°F (343°C) with an
5.7 Higher temperature-type insulations may be used where
ambient temperature of 85°F (29°C). For fluid temperatures
lower temperature-type insulations are specified, provided that
above 650°F (343°C), the surface will be maintained at a
they are satisfactory in all other respects.
maximum of 133°F (56°C).
5.8 In “high traffic’’ locations where the completed insula-
5.2.1 Insulation thicknesses have been calculated using the
tion and lagging is liable to abuse, such as shipping, unship-
computer programs in Practice C 680.
ping, and maintenance areas, protective sheet metal lagging
5.3 Piping and units of equipment with designated internal
should be installed. Where metal lagging is required, any of the
temperatures of 300°F (149°C) and over shall be insulated
materials listed in Table 13 are acceptable, except for boiler
from their supports or the supports insulated from the struc-
uptake applications in which metal lagging shall be galvanized
tures to which they are attached where the heat transmitted may
sheet steel, in accordance with Specification A 526/A 526M,
be objectionable on the opposite side of the structure.
with coating designation G-115, and not less than ⁄32 in. (0.8
5.4 Insulated piping passing through accommodation, ser-
mm) thick.
vice, and control spaces must be covered with approved
5.9 Before installing insulation, surface preparation of the
incombustible materials which meet 46 CFR, Sections 164.009
piping is to be accomplished in accordance with the ship’s
and 164.012. Elastomeric foam plastic insulation shall not be
painting schedule.
used in these spaces.
5.10 Lacing hooks should be welded to the structure or
5.5 Special consideration shall be given to the insulation of
equipment (with permission of the vendor of the equipment)
integral piping supplied with and mounted on equipment or
for securing insulation to the equipment.
machinery. In these cases, alternative materials and methods of
5.11 For bends, fittings, and so forth, in which molded
installation may be considered provided that they comply with
sections of pipe insulation cannot be used, mitered sections of
the performance requirements of this practice.
the pipe insulation or premolded fittings and covers may be
used, provided that they are suitable for the temperature and
that the requirements of this practice are satisfied (see 4.1 and
Available from U.S. Government Printing Office.
Available from U.S. Coast Guard (G-CMC/82), Washington, DC 20590. 5.4). Fittings in sizes under 2-in. nominal pipe size (NPS) may
F 683
A,B
TABLE 1 Insulation and Lagging Materials for Pipe, Tubing, and Fittings Used for Interior Piping Systems
Temperature Range
C
Insulation Specification Lagging Specification
°F (°C)
−20 to +40 (−29 to +4) cellular glass C 552, Type II fibrous glass cloth MIL-C-20079, Type I, Classes
3 through 9
sheet steel galvanized commercial
D
polyimide foam DOD-I-24688, Type I, with vapor fibrous glass cloth MIL-C-20079, Type I, Classes
retarder 3 through 9
A
elastomeric foam plastic MIL-P-15280, Form T fibrous glass cloth MIL-C-20079, Type I, Classes
3 through 9
41 to 125 (5 to 51) cellular glass C 552, Type II fibrous glass cloth MIL-C-20079, Type I, Classes
3 through 9
sheet steel galvanized commercial
polyimide foam DOD-I-24688, Type I, with vapor fibrous glass cloth MIL-C-20079, Type I, Classes
retarder 3 through 9
A
elastomeric foam plastic MIL-P-15280, Form T fibrous glass cloth MIL-C-20079, Type I, Classes
3 through 9
D
mineral fiber C 547, Type II fibrous glass cloth MIL-C-20079, Type I, Classes
3 through 9
sheet steel galvanized commercial
126 to 450 (52 to 232) cellular glass C 552, Type II fibrous glass cloth MIL-C-20079, Type I, Classes
3 through 9
sheet steel galvanized commercial
E
polyimide foam DOD-I-24688, Type I fibrous glass cloth MIL-C-20079, Type I, Classes
3 through 9
A
elastomeric foam plastic MIL-P-15280, Form T fibrous glass cloth MIL-C-20079, Type I, Classes
180°F (82°C) max 3 through 9
sheet steel galvanized commercial
calcium silicate C 533 fibrous glass cloth MIL-C-20079, Type I, Classes
3 through 9
sheet steel galvanized commercial
expanded perlite C 610 fibrous glass cloth MIL-C-20079, Type I, Classes
3 through 9
sheet steel galvanized commercial
451 to 1050 (233 to 566) cellular glass 800°F (427°C) C 552, Type II fibrous glass cloth MIL-C-20079, Type I, Classes
max 3 through 9
sheet steel galvanized commercial
mineral fiber C 547, Class 2 (850°F max) sheet steel black commercial
or Class 3
calcium silicate C 533 sheet steel black commercial
expanded perlite C 610 sheet steel black commercial
A
See 5.4.
B
Insulation and lagging materials are acceptable for the temperature ranges indicated; other materials may be used provided the requirements of this practice are
satisfied. Thermal insulating tape may be used as allowed by Section 8 of this practice.
C
Lagging is to be used over insulation only.
D
See Navy Annex A1.5.
E
See Navy Annex A1.5.
be insulated with insulating cement, in accordance with Speci- 5.13 Single layered insulation construction shall be permit-
fication C 449/C 449M. ted on all surfaces operating at temperatures below 600°F
5.12 Where insulation specifications listed in Tables 1 and 3 (316°C). Double layered insulation construction shall be used
provide for the use of nonmetal“ jacketed’’-type insulation, with all joints staggered on all surfaces operating at tempera-
separate lagging material may be omitted. tures of 600°F (316°C) and above, except single layered
F 683
A
TABLE 2 Insulation and Lagging Materials for Pipe, Tubing, and Fittings Used for Weather Exposed Piping Systems
Temperature Range
Insulation Specification Lagging Specification
° F (°C)
−20 to +40 (−29 to +4) cellular glass C 552, Type II fibrous glass cloth MIL-C-20079, Type I
Class 7 (fittings)
Class 9 (piping)
polyimide foam DOD-I-24688, Type I, with fibrous glass cloth MIL-C-20079, Type I
vapor retarder Class 7 (fittings)
Class 9 (piping)
perlite C 610 fibrous glass cloth MIL-C-20079, Type I
Class 7 (fittings)
Class 9 (piping)
41 to 100 (5 to 37) cellular glass C 552, Type II corrosion resistant steel A 167, Type 304
polyimide foam DOD-I-24688, Type I, with fibrous glass cloth MIL-C-20079, Type I
vapor retarder Class 7 (fittings)
Class 9 (piping)
perlite C 610 corrosion resistant steel A 167, Type 304
calcium silicate C 533 corrosion resistant steel A 167, Type 304
B
mineral fiber C 547, Class 2 or 3 corrosion resistant steel A 167, Type 304
101 to 450 (38 to 232) cellular glass C 552, Type II corrosion resistant steel A 167, Type 304
C
polyimide foam DOD-I-24688, Type I corrosion resistant steel A 167, Type 304
perlite C 610 corrosion resistant steel A 167, Type 304
calcium silicate C 533 corrosion resistant steel A 167, Type 304
B
mineral fiber C 547, Class 2 or 3 corrosion resistant steel A 167, Type 304
A
Insulation and lagging materials listed are acceptable for the temperature ranges indicated; other materials may be used provided the requirements of this standard
are satisfied.
B
See Navy Annex A1.5.
C
See Navy Annex A1.15.
construction will be permitted when the total insulation thick-
...