ASTM C385-58(2018)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Thermal Shock Resistance of Porcelain-Enameled Utensils
Standard Test Method for Thermal Shock Resistance of Porcelain-Enameled Utensils
ABSTRACT
This test method covers the determination of the resistance of porcelain-enameled utensils to thermal shock. A hot plate, timing device, container, and sponge shall be used. The surface temperature of the hot plate, determined by any suitable surface temperature measuring device, may be varied by changing the wattage input to the hot plate. If the hot plate surface temperature be calibrated to wattage input, the desired temperature may then be set by adjusting wattage input. The wattage input or similar calibration shall be made for each surface temperature. In preparation for the test, the hot plate shall be leveled and the surface temperature shall be adjusted to a certain level. Quenching water shall be placed in a large container and its temperature shall be adjusted to a certain level. The amount of water required to fill a test utensil to a certain depth shall be measured. A dry utensil shall be centered directly on the preheated hot plate. After a certain time, the utensil shall be removed from the hot plate and the utensil immediately shall be filled to some depth with quenching water. After a few seconds, the quenching water shall be poured out and the inside of the utensil shall be wiped with a wrung-out damp sponge. After some time, the utensil on the hot plate shall be replaced. Immediately after centering the utensil on the hot plate, the input to the hot plate shall be adjusted so that the hot plate surface temperature will reach a certain level. The utensil shall be allowed to heat dry for a few minutes with the hot plate adjusted so the new surface temperature will be reached. After a certain heating period, the utensil shall be removed. This procedure shall be repeated according to the schedule given. The test shall be continued until the utensil fails or has withstood quenching after a certain heating temperature.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the resistance of porcelain-enameled utensils to thermal shock. This test method is adaptable to any porcelain-enamel utensil that can be filled with water to a depth of 1 in. (25 mm).
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
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Designation: C385 − 58 (Reapproved 2018)
Standard Test Method for
1
Thermal Shock Resistance of Porcelain-Enameled Utensils
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C385; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2.3 Container, suitable for holding approximately 4 gal of
water.
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the resis-
tance of porcelain-enameled utensils to thermal shock. This 2.4 Container, for pouring water into utensil.
test method is adaptable to any porcelain-enamel utensil that
2.5 Sponge, for wiping utensil dry.
can be filled with water to a depth of 1 in. (25 mm).
3. Quenching Water
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
3.1 Either tap or distilled water shall be used.
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
NOTE 1—In areas where tap water is extremely hard, distilled water is
and are not considered standard.
recommended.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
4. Test Specimens
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
4.1 The test specimens shall consist of five identical uten-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
sils.
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
NOTE 2—“Identical utensils” signifies utensils of the same size, shape,
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
and finish.
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the 5. Preparations for Test
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
5.1 Level the hot plate. Switch on the hot plate and adjust
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
the surface temperature to 475 6 10°F (245 6 5.5°C). Allow
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
the hot plate to preheat at this temperature for at least1hto
obtain a uniform temperature over the entire heating surface.
2. Apparatus
5.2 Place the quenching water in a large container. Adjust
2.1 Hot Plate, capable of maintaining over its entire surface
the temperature of the water to 70 6 2°F (21 6 1°C). Measure
a uniform temperature, that is, less than 20°F (−6.7°C) varia-
out the amount of water required to fill a test utensil to a depth
tion over the entire surface. Surface temperature of the hot
of 1 in. (25 mm); this amount of water shall be used for
plate shall be capable of being adjusted from 475 to
quenching.
825 6 10°F (245 to 440 6 5.5°C). The surface temperature of
the hot plate, determined by any suitable surface temperature NOTE 3—The test utensils must be at room temperature at the start of
the test.
measuring device, may be varied by changing the wattage
input to the hot plate. If the hot plate surface temperature be
6. Procedure
calibrated to wattage input, the desired temperature may then
6.1 Center a dry utensil directly on the preheated hot plate.
be set by adjusting wattage input. The wattage input or similar
After 3 min remove the utensil from the hot plate and
calibration shall be made for each surface temperature (see 6.2
immediately fill the utensil to a depth of 1 in. (25 mm) with
and 6.3).
quenching water.After 10 s pour out the quenching water and
2.2 Timing Device, a clock or similar instrument having a
wipe the inside of the utensil with a wrung-out damp sponge.
sweep second hand and an integrating minute hand.
Afteratotalnonheatingperiodof20sreplacetheutensilonthe
hot plate.
1
6.2 Immediately after centering the utensil on the hot plate,
ThistestmethodisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeB08onMetallic
and Inorganic Coatings and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B08.12 on
adjust the input to the hot plate so that the hot plate surface
Materials for Porcelain Enamel and Ceramic-Metal Systems.
temperature will reach 500 6 10°F (260 6 5.5°C). Allow the
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2018. Published October 2018. Originally
utensil to heat dry for 8 min with the hot plate adjusted so that
approved in 1956. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as C385 – 58 (2014).
DOI: 10.1520/C0385-58R18. this new surface temperature will be reached.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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C385 − 58 (2018)
NOTE 4—Do not remove the utensil for surface temperature measure-
seventh cycle would have a rating of “6.” If the utensil fails in
me
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: C385 − 58 (Reapproved 2014) C385 − 58 (Reapproved 2018)
Standard Test Method for
1
Thermal Shock Resistance of Porcelain-Enameled Utensils
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C385; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the resistance of porcelain-enameled utensils to thermal shock. This test
method is adaptable to any porcelain-enamel utensil that can be filled with water to a depth of 1 in. (25 mm).
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Apparatus
2.1 Hot Plate, capable of maintaining over its entire surface a uniform temperature, that is, less than 20°F (−6.7°C) variation
over the entire surface. Surface temperature of the hot plate shall be capable of being adjusted from 475 to 825 6 10°F (245 to
440 6 5.5°C). The surface temperature of the hot plate, determined by any suitable surface temperature measuring device, may
be varied by changing the wattage input to the hot plate. If the hot plate surface temperature be calibrated to wattage input, the
desired temperature may then be set by adjusting wattage input. The wattage input or similar calibration shall be made for each
surface temperature (see 6.2 and 6.3).
2.2 Timing Device, a clock or similar instrument having a sweep second hand and an integrating minute hand.
2.3 Container, suitable for holding approximately 4 gal of water.
2.4 Container, for pouring water into utensil.
2.5 Sponge, for wiping utensil dry.
3. Quenching Water
3.1 Either tap or distilled water shall be used.
NOTE 1—In areas where tap water is extremely hard, distilled water is recommended.
4. Test Specimens
4.1 The test specimens shall consist of five identical utensils.
NOTE 2—“Identical utensils” signifies utensils of the same size, shape, and finish.
5. Preparations for Test
5.1 Level the hot plate. Switch on the hot plate and adjust the surface temperature to 475 6 10°F (245 6 5.5°C). Allow the hot
plate to preheat at this temperature for at least 1 h to obtain a uniform temperature over the entire heating surface.
5.2 Place the quenching water in a large container. Adjust the temperature of the water to 70 6 2°F (21 6 1°C). Measure out
the amount of water required to fill a test utensil to a depth of 1 in. (25 mm); this amount of water shall be used for quenching.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B08 on Metallic and Inorganic Coatings and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B08.12 on
Materials for Porcelain Enamel and Ceramic-Metal Systems.
Current edition approved May 1, 2014Oct. 1, 2018. Published May 2014October 2018. Originally approved in 1956. Last previous edition approved in 20092014 as
C385 – 58 (2009).(2014). DOI: 10.1520/C0385-58R14.10.1520/C0385-58R18.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C385 − 58 (2018)
NOTE 3—The test utensils must be at room temperature at the start of the test.
6. Procedure
6.1 Center a dry utensil directly on the preheated hot plate. After 3 min remove the utensil from the hot plate and immediately
fill the utensil to a depth of 1 in. (25 mm) with quenching water. After 10 s pour out the quenching water and wipe the inside of
the utensil with a wrung-out damp sponge. After a total nonheating period of 20 s replace the utensil on the hot plate.
6.2 Immediately after centering the utensil on th
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