ASTM D968-17

Standard Test Methods for Abrasion Resistance of Organic Coatings by Falling Abrasive

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Silica sand produces a slower rate of abrasion for organic coatings than that provided by silicon carbide. For some types of coatings, it may also provide greater differentiation.  
5.2 The abrasion resistance scales produced by the two methods differ, but the methods provide approximately the same rankings of coatings for abrasion resistance.  
5.3 Each of the methods has been found useful for rating the abrasion resistance of specific types of coatings. For example Method A (falling sand) has been used for rating floor coatings while Method B (falling silicon carbide) has been used for rating coatings for ship decks.
FIG. 1 Apparatus for Falling Sand Abrasion Test
FIG. 2 Design Details of Abrasion Test Apparatus
Note 1: All dimensions are given in inches. 1 in. = 25.4 mm.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of the resistance of organic coatings to abrasion produced by abrasive falling onto coatings applied to a plane rigid surface, such as a metal or glass panel.  
1.2 Two test methods based on different abrasives are covered as follows:    
Sections  
Method A—Falling Sand Abrasion Test  
6 – 13  
Method B—Falling Silicon Carbide Abrasion Test  
14 – 21  
1.3 These methods should be restricted to testing in only one laboratory when numerical values are used because of the poor reproducibility of the methods (see 13.1.2 and 21.1.2). Interlaboratory agreement is improved significantly when ranking is used in place of numerical values.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard with the exception of mils when determining coating thickness. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-May-2017
• ICS: 25.220.60 - Organic coatings
• Technical Committee: D01 - Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications
• Drafting Committee: D01.23 - Physical Properties of Applied Paint Films

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D968 − 17
Standard Test Methods for
Abrasion Resistance of Organic Coatings by Falling
1
Abrasive
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D968; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope* 2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of the
D823 Practices for Producing Films of Uniform Thickness
resistance of organic coatings to abrasion produced by abrasive
of Paint, Varnish, and Related Products on Test Panels
falling onto coatings applied to a plane rigid surface, such as a
D1005 Test Method for Measurement of Dry-Film Thick-
metal or glass panel.
ness of Organic Coatings Using Micrometers
1.2 Two test methods based on different abrasives are
D7091 Practice for Nondestructive Measurement of Dry
covered as follows: Film Thickness of Nonmagnetic Coatings Applied to
Ferrous Metals and Nonmagnetic, Nonconductive Coat-
Sections
Method A—Falling Sand Abrasion Test 6–13
ings Applied to Non-Ferrous Metals
Method B—Falling Silicon Carbide Abrasion Test 14–21
E11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and Test
Sieves
1.3 These methods should be restricted to testing in only
one laboratory when numerical values are used because of the
2.2 Other Standards:
poor reproducibility of the methods (see 13.1.2 and 21.1.2).
ANSI B74.12 Specifications for the Size of Abrasive Grain
Interlaboratoryagreementisimprovedsignificantlywhenrank- — Grinding Wheels, Polishing and General Industrial
3
Uses
ing is used in place of numerical values.
FEPA Standard 42-2:2006 Grains of Fused Aluminum
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
Oxide, Silicon Carbide and other Abrasive Materials for
standard with the exception of mils when determining coating
Bonded Abrasives and for General Applications — Mi-
4
thickness. The values given in parentheses are for information
crogrits F230 to F2000
only.
3. Terminology
1.5 This standard does not purport to address the safety
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
3.1.1 abrasion resistance, n—the amount of abrasive re-
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and
quired to wear through a unit film thickness of the coating.
health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
4. Summary of Test Method
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
4.1 Abrasive is allowed to fall from a specified height
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
through a guide tube onto a coated panel until the substrate
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
becomes visible. The amount of abrasive per unit film thick-
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
ness is reported as the abrasion resistance of the coating on the
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
panel. Silica sand or silicon carbide may be used, as specified.
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and are the direct Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
responsibility of Subcommittee D01.23 on Physical Properties of Applied Paint the ASTM website.
3
Films. Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
Current edition approved June 1, 2017. Published June 2017. Originally 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
4
approved in 1948. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as D968 – 15. DOI: Available from Federation of European Producers ofAbrasives (FEPA), 20 av.,
10.1520/D0968-17. Reille, Paris, F-75014, www.fepa-abrasives.com.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D968 − 17
FIG. 1 Apparatus for Falling Sand Abrasion Test
5. Significance and Use
NOTE 1—All dimensions are given in inches. 1 in. = 25.4 mm.
5.1 Silica sand produces a slower rate of abrasion for FIG. 2 Design Details of Abrasion Test Apparatus
organic coatings than that provided by silicon carbide. For
some types of coatings
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D968 − 16 D968 − 17
Standard Test Methods for
Abrasion Resistance of Organic Coatings by Falling
1
Abrasive
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D968; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of the resistance of organic coatings to abrasion produced by abrasive falling
onto coatings applied to a plane rigid surface, such as a metal or glass panel.
1.2 Two test methods based on different abrasives are covered as follows:
Sections
Method A—Falling Sand Abrasion Test 6 – 13
Method B—Falling Silicon Carbide Abrasion Test 14 – 21
1.3 These methods should be restricted to testing in only one laboratory when numerical values are used because of the poor
reproducibility of the methods (see 13.1.2 and 21.1.2). Interlaboratory agreement is improved significantly when ranking is used
in place of numerical values.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard with the exception of mils when determining coating
thickness. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the
user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations
prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D823 Practices for Producing Films of Uniform Thickness of Paint, Varnish, and Related Products on Test Panels
D1005 Test Method for Measurement of Dry-Film Thickness of Organic Coatings Using Micrometers
D7091 Practice for Nondestructive Measurement of Dry Film Thickness of Nonmagnetic Coatings Applied to Ferrous Metals
and Nonmagnetic, Nonconductive Coatings Applied to Non-Ferrous Metals
E11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and Test Sieves
2.2 Other Standards:
3
ANSI B74.12 Specifications for the Size of Abrasive Grain — Grinding Wheels, Polishing and General Industrial Uses
FEPA Standard 42-2:2006 Grains of Fused Aluminum Oxide, Silicon Carbide and other Abrasive Materials for Bonded
4
Abrasives and for General Applications — Microgrits F230 to F2000
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 abrasion resistance, n—the amount of abrasive required to wear through a unit film thickness of the coating.
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and are the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D01.23 on Physical Properties of Applied Paint Films.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2016June 1, 2017. Published January 2017June 2017. Originally approved in 1948. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as D968 – 15.
DOI: 10.1520/D0968-16.10.1520/D0968-17.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
4
Available from Federation of European Producers of Abrasives (FEPA), 20 av., Reille, Paris, F-75014, www.fepa-abrasives.com.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D968 − 17
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 Abrasive is allowed to fall from a specified height through a guide tube onto a coated panel until the substrate becomes
visible. The amount of abrasive per unit film thickness is reported as the abrasion resistance of the coating on the panel. Silica sand
or silicon carbide may be used, as spec
...