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ASTM C56-96(2001)

(Specification)

Standard Specification for Structural Clay Non-Load-Bearing Tile

Standard Specification for Structural Clay Non-Load-Bearing Tile

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers structural clay non-load-bearing tile (partition, fireproofing, and furring). One grade of tile is covered, designated Grade NB.
1.2 The property requirements of this standard apply at the time of purchase. The use of results from testing of tile extracted from masonry structures for determining conformance or non-conformance to the property requirements (Section 3) of this standard is beyond the scope of this standard.
1.3 Tile covered by this standard are manufactured from clay, shale, or similar naturally occurring substances and subjected to a heat treatment at elevated temperatures (firing). The heat treatment must develop sufficient fired bond between the particulate constituents to provide the strength and durability requirements of this specification. (See firing  and fired bond in Terminology C 43.)
1.4 Fireproofing tile intended for use in load-bearing masonry shall conform to Specification C 34.
1.5 If tile having a particular color (Note 1), texture, or finish are desired, these features shall be specified separately by the purchaser.
Note 1—Color of tile varies with the type of clay used and degree of burning; hence, it cannot be taken as indicative of classification until after it has been related to absorption by actual tests.
1.6 The text of this specification references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of this specification.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
09-Jun-1996
ICS
81.080 - Refractories
Technical Committee
C15 - Masonry – Manufactured Masonry Units, Mortars and Grouts
Drafting Committee
C15.02 - Brick and Structural Clay Tile
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaced By
ASTM C56-04 - Standard Specification for Structural Clay Non-Load-Bearing Tile
Effective Date
01-Dec-2004

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ASTM C56-96(2001) - Standard Specification for Structural Clay Non-Load-Bearing TileASTM C56-96(2001) - Standard Specification for Structural Clay Non-Load-Bearing Tile
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ASTM C56-96(2001) - Standard Specification for Structural Clay Non-Load-Bearing Tile
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: C 56 – 96 (Reapproved 2001)
Standard Specification for
Structural Clay Non-Load-Bearing Tile
ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationC 56;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearoforiginal
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript
epsilon (ε) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope C 67 Test Methods of Sampling and Testing Brick and
Structural Clay Tile
1.1 This specification covers structural clay non-load-
bearing tile (partition, fireproofing, and furring). One grade of
3. Absorption
tile is covered, designated Grade NB.
3.1 Structural clay non-load-bearing tile shall conform to
1.2 The property requirements of this standard apply at the
the following requirements for absorption:
time of purchase. The use of results from testing of tile
A
Absorption by 1-h Boiling, %
extracted from masonry structures for determining confor-
Grade
mance or non-conformance to the property requirements (Sec-
Individual Maximum
NB 28
tion 3) of this standard is beyond the scope of this standard.
1.3 Tile covered by this standard are manufactured from
clay, shale, or similar naturally occurring substances and
A
subjected to a heat treatment at elevated temperatures (firing). Therangeinpercentageabsorptionfortiledeliveredtoanyonejobshallbenot
more than 12.
The heat treatment must develop sufficient fired bond between
the particulate constituents to provide the strength and dura-
4. Number of Cells and Weights
bility requirements of this specification. (See firing and fired
4.1 Partition and split furring tile shall conform to the
bond in Terminology C 43.)
requirements prescribed in Table 1 for total number of cells,
1.4 Fireproofing tile intended for use in load-bearing ma-
number of cells in the direction of wall thickness, and dry
sonry shall conform to Specification C 34.
weights per square foot of tile.
1.5 If tile having a particular color (Note 1), texture, or
4.2 The requirements for minimum weights of structural
finish are desired, these features shall be specified separately
clay non-load-bearing tile shall be waived if the over-all
by the purchaser.
thickness of the shells, measured between the inner and
NOTE 1—Color of tile varies with the type of clay used and degree of extreme outer surfaces of scored tile, is not less than ⁄8 in.
burning; hence, it cannot be taken as indicative of classification until after
(15.9 mm) and the mean shell thickness of unscored tile is not
it has been related to absorption by actual tests. 1
less than ⁄2 in. (12.7 mm). Thickness of webs shall be not less
than ⁄2 in.
1.6 The text of this specification references notes and
footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and
5. Dimensions and Permissible Variations
footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be
5.1 No over-all dimension shall vary more than 3 % over or
considered as requirements of this specification.
under the specified dimension for any form or size of tile. See
2. Referenced Documents
Note 2.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
NOTE 2—Purchasers and designers should ascertain the type and size of
C 34 Specification for Structural Clay Load-Bearing Wall
tile, modular or non-modular, available in the locality under consideration
Tile
and should specify accordingly, stating the size and type represented by
C 43 Terminology of Structural Clay Products the available tile.
Modular sizes are designated by the specified nominal dimensions
which are equal to the actual manufactured dimensions plus the thickness
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C15 on
of one mortar joint, not to exceed ⁄2 in. (12.7 mm) (see Section 6.) For
Manufactured Masonry Units and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
example, if the modular, specified, or nominal dimensions of a unit are 4
C15.02 on Brick and Structural Clay Tile.
by 8 by 12 in. (102 by 203 by 305 mm) the actual manufactured
Current edition approved June 10, 1996. Published August 1996. Originally
1 1 1
dimensions may be 3 ⁄2 by 7 ⁄2 by 11 ⁄2 in. (114.7 by 215.7 by 317.7 mm).
published as C 56 – 24 T. Last previous edition C 56 – 93.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.05.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
C56
TABLE 1 Number of Cells and Weight of Tile
A 2 2
Minimum Number of Cells Minimum Weight, lb/ft (kg/m ) of Tile
In Direction
Dimensions, in. (mm)
In Unit of Wall Average Individ
...

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ASTM C67/C67M-23a(Test Method)
Standard Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Brick and Structural Clay Tile

ABSTRACT
These test methods cover procedures for the sampling and testing of brick and structural clay tile. The tests include modulus of rupture, compressive strength, absorption, saturation coefficient, effect of freezing and thawing, efflorescence, initial rate or absorption, and determination of weight, size, warpage, length chanange, and void areas. For purposes of these tests, full-size bricks, tiles, or solid masonry units shall be used as test specimens. They shall be representative of the lot of units from which they are to be selected in respect of the range of colors, textures, and sizes and shall be free of or brushed to remove dirt, mud, mortar, or other foreign materials unassociated with the manufacturing process.
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1.1 These test methods cover procedures for the sampling and testing of brick and structural clay tile. Although not necessarily applicable to all types of units, tests include modulus of rupture, compressive strength, absorption, saturation coefficient, effect of freezing and thawing, efflorescence, initial rate of absorption and determination of weight, size, warpage, length change, and void area. (Additional methods of test pertinent to ceramic glazes include imperviousness, chemical resistance, opacity, and resistance to crazing.  
1.2 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.
Note 1: The testing laboratory performing this test method should be evaluated in accordance with Practice C1093.  
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
1.4 These test methods include the following sections:    
Section Heading  
Section  
Scope  
1  
Referenced Documents  
2  
Terminology  
3  
Sampling  
4  
Specimen Preparation  
5  
Modulus of Rupture (Flexure Test)  
6  
Compressive Strength  
7  
Absorption  
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Freezing and Thawing  
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Initial Rate of Absorption (Suction) (Laboratory Test)  
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Efflorescence  
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Weight Per Unit Area  
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Initial Rate of Absorption (Suction) (Field Test)  
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Measurement of Void Area in Deep Frogged Units  
18  
Measurement of Out of Square  
19  
Measurement of Shell and Web Thickness  
20  
Breaking Load  
21  
Imperviousness Test (of Ceramin Glazes)  
22  
Chemical Resistance Test (of Ceramic Glazes)  
23  
Autoclaved Crazing Test (of Ceramic Glazes)  
24  
Opacity Test (of Ceramic Glazes)  
25  
Precision and Bias  
26  
Keywords  
27  
Safety Precautions for Autoclave Equipment and Operation  
Appendix X1  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
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This specification covers structural clay loading-bearing wall tiles of the following grades: Grade LBX, suitable for general use in masonry construction and adapted for use in masonry exposed to weathering; and Grade LB, suitable for general use in masonry where not exposed to frost action, or for use in exposed masonry where protected with a facing of stone, brick, terra cotta, or other masonry. Tile covered by this specification are manufactured from clay, shale, or similar naturally occurring substances and subjected to heat treatment at elevated temperatures (firing), which must develop sufficient fired bond between the particulate constituents to provide the strength and durability requirements. Tiles shall adhere to water absorption, compressive strength, and dimensional (nominal thickness and mass) requirements specified for individual grades.
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1.1 This specification covers structural clay loadbearing wall tile.  
1.2 The property requirements of this specification apply at the time of purchase. The use of results from testing of tile extracted from masonry structures for determining conformance or non-conformance to the property requirements (Section 5) of this standard is beyond the scope of this specification.  
1.3 Tile covered by this specification are manufactured from clay, shale, or similar naturally occurring earthy substances and subjected to a heat treatment at elevated temperatures (firing). The heat treatment must develop sufficient fired bond between the particulate constituents to provide the strength and durability requirements of this specification. (See firing and fired bond in Terminology C1232.)  
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ABSTRACT
This specification covers structural clay nonloadbearing tile (partition, fireproofing, and furring). One grade of tile is covered, Grade NB. Structural clay non-load-bearing tile shall conform to the specified requirements for absorption. Tile intended for use in fireproofing structural members shall be of such sizes and shapes that they can be erected to cover completely the exposed surfaces of the members. All tile shall be reasonably free of laminations and of cracks, blisters, surface roughness, and other defects that would interfere with the proper setting of the tile or impair the strength or permanence of the construction.
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3.2 Since this test exposes the entire sample to an isothermal temperature condition, the user should be aware that most applications for IFB involve a thermal gradient which may cause the IFB's dimensions to change differentially.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the permanent linear (and volume) change of insulating firebrick upon reheating under prescribed conditions.  
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1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
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Standard Test Methods for Cold Crushing Strength and Modulus of Rupture of Refractories

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 The cold strength of a refractory material is an indication of its suitability for use in refractory construction. (It is not a measure of performance at elevated temperatures.)  
3.2 These test methods are for determining the room temperature flexural strength in three-point bending (cold modulus of rupture) or compressive strength (cold crushing strength), or both, for all refractory products.  
3.3 Considerable care must be used to compare the results of different determinations of the cold crushing strength or modulus of rupture. The specimen size and shape, the nature of the specimen faces (that is, as-formed, sawed, or ground), the orientation of those faces during testing, the loading geometry, and the rate of load application may all significantly affect the numerical results obtained. Comparisons of the results between different determinations should not be made if one or more of these parameters differ between the two determinations.  
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ASTM C838-16(2023)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Bulk Density of As-Manufactured Carbon and Graphite Shapes

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method provides a means of determining bulk density on as-manufactured logs, blocks, or shaped articles.  
4.2 This test method is suitable for manufacturing control and acceptance specifications.  
4.3 Test Method C559 may be used when a higher degree of accuracy is required.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the density of as-manufactured carbon and graphite from measurements of mass and dimensions at room temperature.  
1.2 This test method is applicable to boronated carbon and graphite.  
1.3 This test method is not applicable to carbon- and graphite-containing materials that are thermally unstable at or below temperatures of 200 °C.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
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