ASTM C67/C67M-23a

Standard Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Brick and Structural Clay Tile

ABSTRACT
These test methods cover procedures for the sampling and testing of brick and structural clay tile. The tests include modulus of rupture, compressive strength, absorption, saturation coefficient, effect of freezing and thawing, efflorescence, initial rate or absorption, and determination of weight, size, warpage, length chanange, and void areas. For purposes of these tests, full-size bricks, tiles, or solid masonry units shall be used as test specimens. They shall be representative of the lot of units from which they are to be selected in respect of the range of colors, textures, and sizes and shall be free of or brushed to remove dirt, mud, mortar, or other foreign materials unassociated with the manufacturing process.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover procedures for the sampling and testing of brick and structural clay tile. Although not necessarily applicable to all types of units, tests include modulus of rupture, compressive strength, absorption, saturation coefficient, effect of freezing and thawing, efflorescence, initial rate of absorption and determination of weight, size, warpage, length change, and void area. (Additional methods of test pertinent to ceramic glazes include imperviousness, chemical resistance, opacity, and resistance to crazing.  
1.2 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.
Note 1: The testing laboratory performing this test method should be evaluated in accordance with Practice C1093.  
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
1.4 These test methods include the following sections:    
Section Heading  
Section  
Scope  
1  
Referenced Documents  
2  
Terminology  
3  
Sampling  
4  
Specimen Preparation  
5  
Modulus of Rupture (Flexure Test)  
6  
Compressive Strength  
7  
Absorption  
8  
Freezing and Thawing  
9  
Initial Rate of Absorption (Suction) (Laboratory Test)  
10  
Efflorescence  
11  
Weight Per Unit Area  
12  
Measurement of Size  
13  
Measurement of Warpage  
14  
Measurement of Length Change  
15  
Initial Rate of Absorption (Suction) (Field Test)  
16  
Measurement of Void Area in Cored Units  
17  
Measurement of Void Area in Deep Frogged Units  
18  
Measurement of Out of Square  
19  
Measurement of Shell and Web Thickness  
20  
Breaking Load  
21  
Imperviousness Test (of Ceramin Glazes)  
22  
Chemical Resistance Test (of Ceramic Glazes)  
23  
Autoclaved Crazing Test (of Ceramic Glazes)  
24  
Opacity Test (of Ceramic Glazes)  
25  
Precision and Bias  
26  
Keywords  
27  
Safety Precautions for Autoclave Equipment and Operation  
Appendix X1  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 31-May-2023
• ICS: 81.080 - Refractories
• Technical Committee: C15 - Manufactured Masonry Units
• Drafting Committee: C15.02 - Brick and Structural Clay Tile

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: C67/C67M − 23a American Association State Highway and Transportation
Officials Standard
AASHTO No.: T 32-70
Standard Test Methods for
1
Sampling and Testing Brick and Structural Clay Tile
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C67/C67M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
Section Heading Section
Measurement of Size 13
1.1 These test methods cover procedures for the sampling
Measurement of Warpage 14
and testing of brick and structural clay tile. Although not
Measurement of Length Change 15
necessarily applicable to all types of units, tests include Initial Rate of Absorption (Suction) (Field Test) 16
Measurement of Void Area in Cored Units 17
modulus of rupture, compressive strength, absorption, satura-
Measurement of Void Area in Deep Frogged Units 18
tion coefficient, effect of freezing and thawing, efflorescence,
Measurement of Out of Square 19
Measurement of Shell and Web Thickness 20
initial rate of absorption and determination of weight, size,
Breaking Load 21
warpage, length change, and void area. (Additional methods of
Imperviousness Test (of Ceramin Glazes) 22
test pertinent to ceramic glazes include imperviousness, chemi-
Chemical Resistance Test (of Ceramic Glazes) 23
cal resistance, opacity, and resistance to crazing. Autoclaved Crazing Test (of Ceramic Glazes) 24
Opacity Test (of Ceramic Glazes) 25
1.2 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes
Precision and Bias 26
Keywords 27
which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes
Safety Precautions for Autoclave Equipment and Appendix X1
(excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered
Operation
as requirements of the standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
NOTE 1—The testing laboratory performing this test method should be
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
evaluated in accordance with Practice C1093.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
used independently of the other, and values from the two
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
systems shall not be combined.
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
1.4 These test methods include the following sections:
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Section Heading Section
Scope 1
Referenced Documents 2
2. Referenced Documents
Terminology 3
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
Sampling 4
Specimen Preparation 5
C150/C150M Specification for Portland Cement
Modulus of Rupture (Flexure Test) 6
C1093 Practice for Accreditation of Testing Agencies for
Compressive Strength 7
Absorption 8 Masonry
Freezing and Thawing 9
C1232 Terminology for Masonry
Initial Rate of Absorption (Suction) (Laboratory 10
E4 Practices for Force Calibration and Verification of Test-
Test)
ing Machines
Efflorescence 11
Weight Per Unit Area 12
E6 Terminology Relating to Methods of Mechanical Testing
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of Committee C15 on Manufac-
tured Masonry Units and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C15.02 on
2
Brick and Structural Clay Tile. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved June 1, 2023. Published June 2023. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1937. Last previous edition approved in 2023 as C67/C67M – 23. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/C0067_C0067M-23A. the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: C67/C67M − 23 C67/C67M − 23a American Association State Highway and Transportation
Officials Standard
AASHTO No.: T 32-70
Standard Test Methods for
1
Sampling and Testing Brick and Structural Clay Tile
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C67/C67M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 These test methods cover procedures for the sampling and testing of brick and structural clay tile. Although not necessarily
applicable to all types of units, tests include modulus of rupture, compressive strength, absorption, saturation coefficient, effect of
freezing and thawing, efflorescence, initial rate of absorption and determination of weight, size, warpage, length change, and void
area. (Additional methods of test pertinent to ceramic glazes include imperviousness, chemical resistance, opacity, and resistance
to crazing.
1.2 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes
(excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.
NOTE 1—The testing laboratory performing this test method should be evaluated in accordance with Practice C1093.
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each
system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used
independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.
1.4 These test methods include the following sections:
Section Heading Section
Scope 1
Referenced Documents 2
Terminology 3
Sampling 4
Specimen Preparation 5
Modulus of Rupture (Flexure Test) 6
Compressive Strength 7
Absorption 8
Freezing and Thawing 9
Initial Rate of Absorption (Suction) (Laboratory 10
Test)
Efflorescence 11
Weight Per Unit Area 12
Measurement of Size 13
Measurement of Warpage 14
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of Committee C15 on Manufactured Masonry Units and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C15.02 on Brick and
Structural Clay Tile.
Current edition approved March 1, 2023June 1, 2023. Published March 2023June 2023. Originally approved in 1937. Last previous edition approved in 20212023 as
C67/C67M – 21.C67/C67M – 23. DOI: 10.1520/C0067_C0067M-23.10.1520/C0067_C0067M-23A.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C67/C67M − 23a
Section Heading Section
Measurement of Length Change 15
Initial Rate of Absorption (Suction) (Field Test) 16
Measurement of Void Area in Cored Units 17
Measurement of Void Area in Deep Frogged Units 18
Measurement of Out of Square 19
Measurement of Shell and Web Thickness 20
Breaking Load 21
Imperviousness Test (of Ceramin Glazes) 22
Chemical Resistance Test (of Ceramic Glazes) 23
Autoclaved Crazing Test (of Ceramic Glazes) 24
Opacity Test (of Ceramic Glazes) 25
Precision and Bias 26
Keywords 27
Safety Precautions for Autoclave Equipment and Appendix X1
Operation
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C150/C150M Specification for Portland Cement
C1093 Practice for Accreditation of Testing Agencies for Masonry
C1232 Terminology for Masonry
E4 Practices for Force Calibration and Verification of Testing Machines
E6 Terminology Relating to Methods of Mechanical Testing
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in ASTM Test Methods
E691
...