CEN ISO/TR 13115:2011

Non-destructive testing - Methods for absolute calibration of acoustic emission transducers by the reciprocity technique (ISO/TR 13115:2011)

ISO/TR 13115:2011 describes the method of three-transducer calibration for calibrating frequency responses of absolute sensitivity by means of a reciprocity technique using three reversible acoustic emission transducers of the same kind, the method of two-transducer calibration for calibrating frequency responses of reception sensitivity of an optional acoustic emission transducer by using one acoustic emission transducer, the transmission responses of which have been calibrated by three-transducer calibration, the method for impulse response calibration for calibrating impulse responses of absolute sensitivity through inverse Fourier transform of the frequency responses measured by the three-transducer calibration, and the method for representing the calibration results.

Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung - Methode zur Absolutkalibrierung von Schallemissionswandlern durch Reziproktechnik (ISO/TR 13115:2011)

Essais non destructifs - Méthodes d'étalonnage absolu des capteurs d'émission acoustique par la technique de réciprocité (ISO/TR 13115:2011)

Neporušitveno preskušanje - Metode za popolno kalibracijo akustične emisije pretvornikov z recipročno tehniko (ISO/DTR 13115:2011)

To tehnično poročilo opisuje metodo za kalibracijo s tremi pretvorniki za kalibriranje frekvenčnih odzivov absolutne občutljivosti z recipročno tehniko s tremi enakimi povratnimi pretvorniki za akustično emisijo, metodo za kalibracijo z dvema pretvornikoma za kalibriranje frekvenčnih odzivov občutljivosti sprejema izbirnega pretvornika za akustično emisijo z uporabo enega pretvornika za akustično emisijo, pri katerem so bili prenosni odzivi kalibrirani s kalibracijo s tremi pretvorniki, metodo za kalibracijo impulznih odzivov za kalibriranje impulznih odzivov absolutne občutljivosti z obratno Fourierovo transformacijo frekvenčnih odzivov, izmerjenih s kalibracijo s tremi pretvorniki, in metodo za predstavitev rezultatov kalibracije.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 14-Dec-2011
• ICS: 19.100 - Non-destructive testing
• Technical Committee: CEN/TC 138 - Non-destructive testing
• Drafting Committee: CEN/TC 138 - Non-destructive testing
• Current Stage: 6060 - Definitive text made available (DAV) - Publishing
• Start Date: 15-Dec-2011
• Completion Date: 15-Dec-2011
• Ref Project: SIST-TP CEN ISO/TR 13115:2012 - Non-destructive testing - Methods for absolute calibration of acoustic emission transducers by the reciprocity technique (ISO/DTR 13115:2011)

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-april-2012
1HSRUXãLWYHQRSUHVNXãDQMH0HWRGH]DSRSROQRNDOLEUDFLMRDNXVWLþQHHPLVLMH
SUHWYRUQLNRY]UHFLSURþQRWHKQLNR,62'75
Non-destructive testing - Methods for absolute calibration of acoustic emission
transducers by the reciprocity technique (ISO/DTR 13115:2011)
Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung - Methode zur Absolutkalibrierung von
Schallemissionswandlern durch Reziproktechnik (ISO/DTR 13115:2011)
Essais non destructifs - Méthodes d'étalonnage absolu des capteurs d'émission
acoustique par la technique de réciprocité (ISO/DTR 13115:2011)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: CEN ISO/TR 13115:2011
ICS:
19.100 Neporušitveno preskušanje Non-destructive testing
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

TECHNICAL REPORT
CEN ISO/TR 13115
RAPPORT TECHNIQUE
TECHNISCHER BERICHT
December 2011
ICS 19.100
English Version
Non-destructive testing - Methods for absolute calibration of
acoustic emission transducers by the reciprocity technique
(ISO/TR 13115:2011)
Essais non destructifs - Méthodes d'étalonnage absolu des Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung - Methode zur Absolutkalibrierung
capteurs d'émission acoustique par la technique de von Schallemissionswandlern durch Reziproktechnik
réciprocité (ISO/TR 13115:2011) (ISO/TR 13115:2011)

This Technical Report was approved by CEN on 20 September 2011. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee CEN/TC 138.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland,
Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.

EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2011 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. CEN ISO/TR 13115:2011: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
Foreword .3

Foreword
This document (CEN ISO/TR 13115:2011) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 135 "Non-
destructive testing" in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 138 “Non-destructive testing” the
secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO/TR 13115:2011 has been approved by CEN as a CEN ISO/TR 13115:2011 without any
modification.
TECHNICAL ISO/TR
REPORT 13115
First edition
2011-12-15
Non-destructive testing — Methods for
absolute calibration of acoustic emission
transducers by the reciprocity technique
Essais non destructifs — Méthodes d'étalonnage absolu des capteurs
d'émission acoustique par la technique de réciprocité

Reference number
ISO/TR 13115:2011(E)
©
ISO 2011
ISO/TR 13115:2011(E)
©  ISO 2011
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means,
electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or
ISO's member body in the country of the requester.
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Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2011 – All rights reserved

ISO/TR 13115:2011(E)
Contents Page
Foreword . iv
Introduction . v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Preparation for calibration. 3
4.1 Transfer medium and calibration signal . 3
4.2 Mounting of acoustic emission transducer . 4
4.3 Calculation of reciprocity parameters . 5
5 Method for three-transducer calibration . 6
5.1 Apparatus to be used . 6
5.2 Method of measurement . 6
5.3 Method for determination of absolute sensitivity . 9
6 Method for two-transducer calibration . 9
6.1 Apparatus to be used . 10
6.2 Method of measurement . 10
6.3 Method for determination of absolute sensitivity . 10
7 Method for impulse response calibration . 11
7.1 Apparatus to be used . 11
7.2 Method of measurement . 11
7.3 Method for determination of frequency response . 13
7.4 Method for determination of impulse response . 15
8 Method for representing calibration results . 16
8.1 Representation items for calibration results . 16
8.2 Method for representing frequency response of absolute sensitivity . 16
8.3 Method for representing impulse response of absolute sensitivity . 17
Bibliography . 18

ISO/TR 13115:2011(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
In exceptional circumstances, when a technical committee has collected data of a different kind from that
which is normally published as an International Standard (“state of the art”, for example), it may decide by a
simple majority vote of its participating members to publish a Technical Report. A Technical Report is entirely
informative in nature and does not have to be reviewed until the data it provides are considered to be no
longer valid or useful.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO/TR 13115 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 135, Non-destructive testing, Subcommittee
SC 9, Acoustic emission testing.

iv © ISO 2011 – All rights reserved

ISO/TR 13115:2011(E)
Introduction
[1]
A standard method for primary calibration of acoustic emission transducers, ISO 12713:1998 , introduced the
seismic surface pulse method for Rayleigh surface wave calibration, wherein the breaking of a glass capillary
is employed for the sound source and a standard capacitive transducer is used for the measurement of
[2]
dynamic displacements of the surface. In ISO 12714:1999 , on secondary calibration of acoustic emission
sensors, a transducer which has been calibrated by the seismic surface pulse method is employed for
comparison of reception sensitivity.
This Technical Report describes the methods for calibrating absolute sensitivity of acoustic emission
transducers, both to Rayleigh surface waves and longitudinal waves, by means of a reciprocity technique.
Since reciprocity parameters have been derived, absolute sensitivity can be determined by purely electrical
measurements without the use of mechanical sound sources or reference transducers.
Procedures of the seismic surface pulse method and reciprocity technique differ from each other; however,
there is a common theoretical basis in the two calibration methods. For the seismic surface pulse method,
theoretical surface displacements were calculated on the basis of Lamb's theory (Reference [7]). For the
reciprocity calibration, reciprocity parameters for the Rayleigh wave calibration were also derived from Lamb's
theory. As for the Rayleigh surface wave calibration, a round robin experiment was carried out in a
collaborative effort between the USA and Japan, and it was ascertained that absolute sensitivities as obtained
by either method agreed well.
The aim of both methods is the same, namely, to establish uniformity of acoustic emission testing, to form a
basis for data correlation, and to provide for the interpretation of results obtained by different laboratories at
different times.
This Technical Report describes methods for three-transducer calibration, two-transducer calibration, and
impulse response calibration, respectively. In three-transducer calibration, three acoustic emission
transducers of the same kind, which are reversible transducers, are prepared to configure three independent
pairs of transmitting and receiving transducers on a solid transfer medium. Transmission signal current and
reception signal voltage are measured on each pair as a function of frequency, and frequency responses of
amplitude of absolute sensitivity both to the Rayleigh surface waves and longitudinal waves are determined on
each transducer. Once three-transducer calibration has been carried out, an optional transducer, which is not
necessarily a reversible transducer, can be calibrated by a relatively simple procedure by using the calibrated
transducer as a reference of transmission or reception. In two-transducer calibration, frequency responses of
amplitude of absolute reception sensitivity are determined on an optional transducer by using one acoustic
emission transducer, the transmission responses of which have been calibrated by the three-transducer
calibration. In addition, by means of three-transducer calibration, impulse responses of each acoustic
emission transducer can also be determined. In the impulse response calibration, frequency responses of
phase angle, in addition to amplitude, of absolute sensitivity are measured by three-transducer calibration on
the basis of complex reciprocity parameters, and impulse responses are determined through inverse Fourier
transform of the frequency responses of amplitude and phase.

TECHNICAL REPORT ISO/TR 13115:2011(E)

Non-destructive testing — Methods for absolute calibration of
acoustic emission transducers by the reciprocity technique
1 Scope
This Technical Report describes the method of three-transducer calibration for calibrating frequency
responses of absolute sens
...