EN 12595:2023
(Main)Bitumen and bituminous binders - Determination of kinematic viscosity
Bitumen and bituminous binders - Determination of kinematic viscosity
This document specifies a method for the determination of the kinematic viscosity of bituminous binders at 60 °C and 135 °C, in a range from 6 mm2/s to 300 000 mm2/s. Other temperatures are possible if calibration constants are known. Bituminous emulsions are not covered within the scope of this method.
Results for this method can be used to calculate dynamic viscosity when the density of the test material is known or can be determined.
NOTE This document assumes Newtonian behaviour of the sample at test conditions.
WARNING - The use of this document can involve hazardous materials, operations and equipment. This document does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this document to identify the hazards and assess the risks involved in performing this test method and to implement sufficient control measures to protect individual operators (and the environment). This includes appropriate safety and health practices and determination of the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Bitumen und bitumenhaltige Bindemittel - Bestimmung der kinematischen Viskosität
Dieses Dokument legt ein Verfahren zur Bestimmung der kinematischen Viskosität von bitumenhaltigen Bindemitteln bei 60 °C und 135 °C in einem Bereich von 6 mm2/s bis 300 000 mm2/s fest. Andere Temperaturen sind möglich, sofern Kalibrierungskonstanten bekannt sind. Bitumenemulsionen fallen nicht in den Anwendungsbereich dieses Verfahrens.
Die nach diesem Verfahren erhaltenen Ergebnisse können zur Berechnung der dynamischen Viskosität verwendet werden, wenn die Dichte des Prüfmaterials bekannt ist oder bestimmt werden kann.
ANMERKUNG In diesem Dokument wird von einem newtonschem Verhalten der Probe unter Prüfbedingungen ausgegangen.
WARNUNG - Die Anwendung dieses Dokuments kann den Umgang mit gefährlichen Substanzen und Ausrüstungsteilen und die Ausführung gefährlicher Arbeitsgänge einschließen. Dieses Dokument erhebt nicht den Anspruch, alle mit seiner Anwendung verbundenen Sicherheitsprobleme anzusprechen. Es liegt in der Verantwortung des Anwenders dieses Dokuments, die Gefahren zu identifizieren und die mit der Durchführung der Prüfung verbundenen Risiken zu beurteilen sowie geeignete Kontrollmaßnahmen zu implementieren, um die Ausführenden (und die Umwelt) zu schützen. Dies beinhaltet einen angemessenen Arbeits- und Gesundheitsschutz sowie die Klärung vor der Anwendung, ob einschränkende Vorschriften zu berücksichtigen sind.
Bitumes et liants bitumineux - Détermination de la viscosité cinématique
Le présent document prescrit une méthode de détermination de la viscosité cinématique de liants bitumineux à 60 °C et 135 °C, dans l'intervalle de 6 mm2/s à 300 000 mm2/s. D’autres températures sont possibles si les constantes d'étalonnage sont connues. Le domaine d’application de la présente méthode ne comprend pas les émulsions bitumineuses.
Les résultats de la présente méthode peuvent être utilisés pour calculer la viscosité dynamique quand la masse volumique du matériau d'essai est connue ou bien peut être déterminée.
NOTE Ce document suppose l'hypothèse d'un comportement newtonien de l'échantillon dans les conditions d'essai.
AVERTISSEMENT - L'utilisation de ce document implique l'utilisation de produits, d'opérations et d'équipements à caractère dangereux. Le présent document n'est pas censé aborder tous les problèmes de sécurité concernés par son usage. Il incombe à son utilisateur d'identifier les dangers et d'évaluer les risques liés à l'application de cette méthode d'essai et de mettre en œuvre des mesures de prévention pour protéger les opérateurs (et l'environnement). Cela passe entre autres par l’établissement de règles d'hygiène et de sécurité appropriées et la détermination de l'applicabilité des restrictions réglementaires avant utilisation.
Bitumen in bitumenska veziva - Določanje kinematične viskoznosti
Ta dokument določa metodo za določanje kinematične viskoznosti bitumenskih veziv pri temperaturi 60 °C in 135 °C v razponu od 6 mm2/s do 300.000 mm2/s. Druge temperature so možne, če so poznane kalibracijske konstante. Bitumenske emulzije niso zajete v tej metodi.
Rezultati te metode se lahko uporabijo za izračun dinamične viskoznosti, kadar je gostota preskusnega materiala poznana ali jo je mogoče določiti.
OPOZORILO: Pri uporabi tega dokumenta so lahko prisotni nevarni materiali, postopki in oprema. Ta dokument ne obravnava vseh varnostnih težav, ki se navezujejo na njegovo uporabo. Uporabnik tega dokumenta je odgovoren za prepoznavanje nevarnosti in oceno tveganj, povezanih z izvajanjem te preskusne metode, ter za izvajanje zadostnih nadzornih ukrepov za zaščito posameznih operaterjev (in okolja). To vključuje ustrezne varnostne in zdravstvene prakse ter določitev uporabnosti regulativnih omejitev pred uporabo.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-november-2023
Nadomešča:
SIST EN 12595:2014
Bitumen in bitumenska veziva - Določanje kinematične viskoznosti
Bitumen and bituminous binders - Determination of kinematic viscosity
Bitumen und bitumenhaltige Bindemittel - Bestimmung der kinematischen Viskosität
Bitumes et liants bitumineux - Détermination de la viscosité cinématique
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 12595:2023
ICS:
75.140 Voski, bitumni in drugi naftni Waxes, bituminous materials
proizvodi and other petroleum products
91.100.50 Veziva. Tesnilni materiali Binders. Sealing materials
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
EN 12595
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
July 2023
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 75.140; 91.100.50 Supersedes EN 12595:2014
English Version
Bitumen and bituminous binders - Determination of
kinematic viscosity
Bitumes et liants bitumineux - Détermination de la Bitumen und bitumenhaltige Bindemittel -
viscosité cinématique Bestimmung der kinematischen Viskosität
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 28 May 2023.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2023 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 12595:2023 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
Contents Page
European foreword . 3
1 Scope . 5
2 Normative references . 5
3 Terms and definitions . 5
4 Principle . 6
5 Apparatus . 6
6 Preparation of test samples . 8
7 Procedure . 8
7.1 Test conditions . 8
7.2 Determination and measurement . 9
8 Calculation . 9
9 Expression of results . 10
10 Precision . 10
10.1 Repeatability . 10
10.2 Reproducibility . 10
11 Test report . 11
Annex A (normative) Specifications of viscometers . 12
Annex B (informative) Calibration of viscometers . 18
Annex C (informative) Example for calculation of results . 21
Bibliography . 23
European foreword
This document (EN 12595:2023) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 336 “Bituminous
binders”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by January 2024, and conflicting national standards shall
be withdrawn at the latest by January 2024.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN 12595:2014.
In comparison with the previous edition, the main technical changes are:
— deletion of note in scope and new note added to scope regarding assumption of Newtonian behaviour
under test conditions;
— removal of dated reference in normative references (ISO 2592);
— formula for the relationship between dynamic and kinematic viscosity added in 3.1;
— “accuracy” changed to “maximum permissible error” in several Clauses (5.2, 5.4, 5.5 and 5.6);
— references to mercury thermometers and total immersion thermometer in 5.2 deleted;
— new sub-Clause 5.7 added on Calibration/Verification;
— additional information on use of viscometers and references to figures added in 7.1;
— mandatory use of two BS/IP/RF viscometers for one determination of kinematic viscosity;
— precision on time for thermal equilibrium and removal of note in 7.2;
— information on validity of individual test data to calculate mean value added in Clause 8; including a
new Note 1 and renumbering existing note to Note 2;
— key added to Figures A.1, A.2 and A.3 and correct diameter of bulb in key of Figure A.1;
— Figures A.2 and A.3 revised;
— Table B.1 updated with informative values for viscosity standards;
— Annex C deleted;
— new Annex C introduced with examples on calculation;
— ASTM E77-98 deleted from Bibliography;
— reference to ASTM D2170-01 in Bibliography has been updated and reference (footnote) to Institute
of Petroleum deleted.
Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users’ national standards body.
A complete listing of these bodies can be found on the CEN website.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia,
Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland,
Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of North
Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and the United
Kingdom
1 Scope
This document specifies a method for the determination of the kinematic viscosity of bituminous binders
2 2
at 60 °C and 135 °C, in a range from 6 mm /s to 300 000 mm /s. Other temperatures are possible if
calibration constants are known. Bituminous emulsions are not covered within the scope of this method.
Results for this method can be used to calculate dynamic viscosity when the density of the test material
is known or can be determined.
NOTE This document assumes Newtonian behaviour of the sample at test conditions.
WARNING — The use of this document can involve hazardous materials, operations and equipment. This
document does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this document to identify the hazards and assess the risks involved in
performing this test method and to implement sufficient control measures to protect individual operators
(and the environment). This includes appropriate safety and health practices and determination of the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 58, Bitumen and bituminous binders - Sampling bituminous binders
EN 12594, Bitumen and bituminous binders - Preparation of test samples
EN 12607-2, Bitumen and bituminous binders - Determination of the resistance to hardening under
influence of heat and air - Part 2: TFOT method
EN ISO 2592, Petroleum and related products - Determination of flash and fire points - Cleveland open cup
method (ISO 2592)
EN ISO 3696:1995, Water for analytical laboratory use - Specification and test methods (ISO 3696)
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https://www.electropedia.org/
3.1
kinematic viscosity
ratio between the dynamic viscosity and the density of a liquid at the temperature of measured viscosity
η
ν =
ρ
where
ν is kinematic viscosity;
η is dynamic viscosity;
ρ is density.
Note 1 to entry: Kinematic viscosity is a measure of a liquid’s resistance to flow under gravity.
2 2
Note 2 to entry: The SI unit of kinematic viscosity is m /s; for practical use, a sub-multiple (mm /s) is more
convenient.
3.2
density
mass of a liquid divided by its volume
Note 1 to entry: When reporting density, the unit of density used, together with the temperature, is explicitly
stated, for example kg/m .
Note 2 to entry: The SI unit of density is kg/m .
3.3
dynamic viscosity
ratio between the applied shear stress and the velocity gradient
Note 1 to entry: Dynamic viscosity is a measure of a liquid’s resistance to flow, and is commonly called the viscosity
of the liquid.
Note 2 to entry: The SI unit of dynamic viscosity is Pa⋅s.
3.4
Newtonian liquid
liquid with a viscosity that is independent of the rate of shear
Note 1 to entry: The constant ratio of the shear stress to the velocity gradient is the dynamic viscosity of the liquid.
If this ratio is not constant, the liquid is non-Newtonian.
4 Principle
The time for a fixed volume of the liquid to flow through the capillary of a calibrated glass capillary
viscometer under an accurately reproducible head and at a closely controlled temperature is determined
(efflux time). The kinematic viscosity is calculated by multiplying the efflux time in seconds by the
viscometer calibration factor.
5 Apparatus
Usual laboratory apparatus and glassware, together with the following:
5.1 Viscometer, Cannon-Fenske, BS/IP/RF and the Zeitfuchs Cross-Arm viscometers , capillary-type,
made of borosilicate glass, suitable for this method are described in Figure A.1, Figure A.2 and Figure A.3,
and Table A.1, Table A.2 and Table A.3. Other viscometers are allowed if test results obtained are
comparable.
Calibrated viscometers are available from commercial suppliers. Details regarding the calibration of
viscometers are given in Annex B.
5.2 Temperature measuring device.
A temperature measuring device (combining sensor and reading unit) shall:
— have a range from at least 55 °C to 140 °C;
— be readable to 0,05 °C or less;
— have a maximum permissible error of 0,1 °C.
NOTE For practical reasons, separate temperature measuring devices for individual temperature ranges can
be used.
Sensors based on platinum resistance thermometers have been found suitable but other principles are
also allowed. The temperature measuring device shall be calibrated regularly.
When measuring and controlling nominally constant temperatures, as in this test method, the thermal
response time can be rather high (e.g. slow response to a change in temperature). Care shall be taken to
consider this aspect since low thermal response times of the sensor can indicate greater cyclic variations
than the bituminous material in practice experiences.
5.3 Bath, suitable for immersion of the viscometer so that the liquid reservoir or the top of the capillary,
whichever is uppermost, is at least 20 mm below the top of the bath level, and with provisions for
visibility of the viscometer and the thermometer. Firm supports for the viscometer shall be provided, or
the viscometer shall be an integral part of the bath. The efficiency of the stirring and the balance between
heat losses and heat input
...
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