prEN 15732

Lightweight fill and thermal insulation products for civil engineering applications (CEA) - Expanded clay lightweight aggregate products (LWA)

This document specifies the assessment of characteristics for loose-fill expanded clay lightweight aggregate products (hereafter as: expanded clay LWA) intended to be used for application in civil engineering works.
This document covers the use of expanded clay LWA as:
-   lightweight fill and insulation materials in embankments for roads, railways and other trafficked areas;
-   lightweight backfill for structures.
This document specifies procedures for assessment and verification of constancy of performance (AVCP) of characteristics of the expanded clay LWA.
This document does not cover the expanded clay LWA:
-   which are intended to be used as thermal insulation in- and under buildings (already covered in EN 14063-1:2004).

Leichte Schütt- und Wärmedämmstoffe für bautechnische Anwendungen (CEA) - Produkte aus Blähton-Leichtzuschlagstoffen (LWA)

Dieses Dokument legt die Eigenschaften von Schüttdämmstoffen aus Blähton Leichtzuschlagstoffen (Blähton LWA) für bautechnische Zwecke fest. Ausgenommen sind Anwendungen als Wärmedämmung in und unter Gebäuden, die in EN 14063-1 erfasst werden. In dem vorliegenden Dokument wird die Anwendung von Blähton Leichtzuschlagstoffen als leichte Schütt  und Dämmstoffe an Straßendämmen, Schienenwegen und anderen befahrbaren Bereichen sowie ihre Anwendung als leichte Hinterfüllung für Bauwerke beschrieben.
Darüber hinaus beschreibt dieses Dokument die Produkteigenschaften und enthält Verfahren zur Prüfung, Bewertung und Überprüfung der Leistungsbeständigkeit (AVCP), Kennzeichnung und Etikettierung.
Dieses Dokument legt keine Anforderungsstufen für eine bestimmte Eigenschaft fest, die ein Produkt erreichen muss, um für einen bestimmten Anwendungszweck gebrauchstauglich zu sein.

Matériaux de remplissage légers et produits isolants thermiques pour les applications du génie civil - Produits à base de granulats légers d’argile expansée

Le présent document spécifie les caractéristiques concernant les produits en vrac à base de granulats légers d’argile expansée pour les applications du génie civil, à l’exclusion de leur utilisation comme isolant thermique dans et sous les bâtiments qui est traitée par l’EN 14063-1. Le présent document couvre l’utilisation des granulats légers d’argile expansée comme matériau de remplissage léger et matériau isolant dans les talus pour les chaussées, les voies ferrées et d’autres zones de circulation, ainsi que comme remblai léger pour les structures.
Le présent document décrit également les caractéristiques des produits et inclut les modes opératoires d’essai, d’évaluation et de vérification de la constance des performances (EVCP), de marquage et d’étiquetage.
Le présent document ne spécifie pas le niveau requis d’une propriété donnée devant être atteint par un produit pour en démontrer l’aptitude à l’emploi dans une application particulière.

Toplotnoizolacijski in lahki polnilni proizvodi za inženirske objekte (CEA) - Proizvodi iz ekspandiranega glinenega agregatnega proizvoda (LWA)

General Information

• Status: Not Published
• Publication Date: 23-May-2021
• Withdrawal Date: 23-May-2021
• ICS: 91.100.60 - Thermal and sound insulating materials
• Technical Committee: CEN/TC 88 - Thermal insulating materials and products
• Drafting Committee: CEN/TC 88/WG 20 - Project development of WI 00088165.
• Current Stage: 4599 - Dispatch of FV draft to CMC - Finalization for Vote
• Completion Date: 17-Jun-2020
• Mandate: M/103 - Mandate to CEN/CENELEC concerning the execution of standardization work for harmonized standards on thermal insulating products
• Mandate: M/138 - Addendum to Mandate M/103 on Thermal Insulation Products
• Ref Project: oSIST prEN 15732:2019 - Light weight fill and thermal insulation products for civil engineering applications (CEA) - Expanded clay lightweight aggregate products (LWA)

Overview

prEN 15732 is a CEN draft European standard that specifies how to assess the performance of loose-fill expanded clay lightweight aggregate (LWA) products intended for civil engineering applications (CEA). It defines the characteristics, test methods and procedures for Assessment and Verification of Constancy of Performance (AVCP) and Factory Production Control (FPC) for expanded clay LWA used as lightweight fill and thermal insulation in embankments and as lightweight backfill for structures. It will supersede EN 15732:2012 and explicitly excludes expanded clay LWA intended as building insulation (covered by EN 14063-1:2004).

Key Topics and Requirements

• Scope of use: Embankments for roads, railways and other trafficked areas; lightweight backfill for civil structures.
• Product characteristics assessed (selection):
  • Loose bulk density and aggregate size
  • Reaction to fire and durability characteristics
  • Thermal resistance / thermal conductivity and specific heat capacity
  • Particle density, water content and water absorption
  • Compressibility, confined compressive strength, compressive creep
  • Shear strength (static and cyclic), cyclic compression behavior
  • Water permeability, water vapour transmission, chemical characteristics
  • Freezing/thawing resistance, dangerous substances, bulk crushing resistance
• Test methods: Sampling, conditioning and a suite of laboratory tests (normative annexes include Static Triaxial Compression Test for shear strength, Cyclic Compressive Loading, and Compressive Creep procedures).
• AVCP & FPC: Procedures for product-type testing and ongoing factory production control to verify constancy of performance and enable reliable specification and quality assurance.
• Marking and labelling: Requirements for product identification and performance declaration.

Applications

prEN 15732 is intended to support specification, testing and quality control of expanded clay LWA used where lightweight fill, insulation and mechanical performance are necessary, such as:

• Road and railway embankments requiring reduced load on subsoil
• Lightweight backfill behind retaining structures and bridge abutments
• Sub-base thermal insulation in geotechnical designs for frost protection

Using the standard helps ensure predictable thermal and mechanical performance, long-term durability and regulatory compliance.

Who should use this standard

• Civil and geotechnical engineers specifying lightweight fill and backfill materials
• Manufacturers of expanded clay LWA for civil engineering applications
• Testing laboratories performing AVCP and FPC tests
• Contractors and procurement teams writing product specifications
• Standards bodies and regulatory authorities reviewing material conformity

Related standards

• EN 14063-1:2004 - expanded clay LWA for thermal insulation in buildings (excluded from prEN 15732 scope)
• EN 15732:2012 - earlier version to be superseded (per draft notice)

Keywords: prEN 15732, expanded clay LWA, lightweight fill, thermal insulation, civil engineering, AVCP, factory production control, embankment fill, backfill, compressibility, triaxial test.

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-julij-2019
Toplotnoizolacijski in lahki polnilni proizvodi za inženirske objekte (CEA) -
Proizvodi iz ekspandiranega glinenega agregatnega proizvoda (LWA)
Light weight fill and thermal insulation products for civil engineering applications (CEA) -
Expanded clay lightweight aggregate products (LWA)
Leichte Schütt- und Wärmedämmstoffe für bautechnische Anwendungen (CEA) -
Produkte aus Blähton-Leichtzuschlagstoffen (LWA)
Matériaux de remplissage légers et produits isolants thermiques pour les applications du
génie civil - Produits à base de granulats légers d’argile expansée
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN 15732
ICS:
91.100.60 Materiali za toplotno in Thermal and sound insulating
zvočno izolacijo materials
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

DRAFT
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
May 2019
ICS 91.100.60 Will supersede EN 15732:2012
English Version
Light weight fill and thermal insulation products for civil
engineering applications (CEA) - Expanded clay
lightweight aggregate products (LWA)
Matériaux de remplissage légers et produits isolants Leichte Schütt- und Wärmedämmstoffe für
thermiques pour les applications du génie civil - bautechnische Anwendungen (CEA) - Produkte aus
Produits à base de granulats légers d'argile expansée Blähton-Leichtzuschlagstoffen (LWA)
This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee
CEN/TC 88.
If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations
which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.

This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other
language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC
Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and United Kingdom.
Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are
aware and to provide supporting documentation.

Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without
notice and shall not be referred to as a European Standard.

EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2019 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. prEN 15732:2019 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
European foreword . 5
1 Scope . 6
2 Normative references . 6
3 Terms, definitions, symbols and abbreviated terms . 7
3.1 Terms and definitions . 7
3.2 Symbols, units and abbreviated terms . 8
4 Product characteristics . 9
4.1 General. 9
4.2 For all applications . 9
4.2.1 Loose bulk density . 9
4.2.2 Aggregate size . 9
4.2.3 Reaction to fire. 10
4.2.4 Durability characteristics . 10
4.3 For specific applications . 10
4.3.1 General. 10
4.3.2 Thermal resistance and thermal conductivity . 10
4.3.3 Specific heat capacity . 10
4.3.4 Particle density . 11
4.3.5 Water content . 11
4.3.6 Water absorption . 11
4.3.7 Compressibility and confined compressive strength . 11
4.3.8 Compressive creep . 11
4.3.9 Shear strength – static loading . 11
4.3.10 Cyclic compression . 11
4.3.11 Shear strength – cyclic loading. 11
4.3.12 Water permeability . 11
4.3.13 Water vapour transmission . 12
4.3.14 Chemical characteristics . 12
4.3.15 Freezing and thawing resistance. 12
4.3.16 Dangerous substances. 12
4.4 Other characteristics — Bulk crushing resistance . 12
5 Test methods . 12
5.1 Sampling and sample reduction . 12
5.2 Conditioning . 12
5.3 Testing . 12
6 Designation code . 13
7 Assessment and Verification of the Constancy of Performance (AVCP) . 14
7.1 General. 14
7.2 Product-type Testing . 14
7.3 Factory Production Control (FPC) . 14
8 Marking and labelling . 14
Annex A (normative) Test for mechanical and physical properties of expanded clay LWA –
Static Triaxial Compression Test for determination of shear strength properties . 16
A.1 Scope . 16
A.2 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations . 16
A.3 Principle . 17
A.4 Triaxial apparatus . 17
A.4.1 General . 17
A.4.2 Loading device . 17
A.4.3 Confining pressure device . 17
A.4.4 Displacement transducers . 17
A.4.5 Calibration. 18
A.4.6 Specimen cap and base . 19
A.4.7 Porous discs . 19
A.5 Preparation of samples . 20
A.5.1 Number of test specimens . 20
A.5.2 Procedures for compaction of laboratory test specimens . 20
A.5.3 Compaction using vibrations . 20
A.5.4 Other means of compaction . 20
A.6 Test procedures for determination of strength properties . 20
A.7 Test report . 21
A.7.1 General . 21
A.7.2 General data . 21
A.7.3 Friction characteristics. 21
Annex B (normative) Test for mechanical and physical properties of expanded clay LWA —
Determination of the resistance to cyclic compressive loading . 22
B.1 Scope . 22
B.2 Definitions . 22
B.3 Principle . 22
B.4 Apparatus . 22
B.5 Preparation of test specimens . 24
B.6 Test procedure . 24
B.6.1 General . 24
B.6.2 Measurement of height h . 24
B.6.3 Filling of the container and calculation of the mass . 25
B.6.4 Compaction by vibration (compressibility) . 25
B.6.5 Deformation by static loading . 25
B.6.6 Cyclic compression . 25
B.7 Calculations and expression of results . 26
B.7.1 Compaction by vibration (compressibility) . 26
B.7.2 Bulk density . 27
B.7.3 Deformation by static loading . 27
B.7.4 Cyclic compression . 27
B.8 Test report . 28
B.8.1 Required data . 28
B.8.2 Optional data . 28
Annex C (normative) Test for mechanical and physical properties of expanded clay LWA —
Determination of the compressive creep. 29
C.1 Scope . 29
C.2 Definitions . 29
C.3 Principle . 29
C.4 Apparatus . 29
C.5 Preparation of test specimens . 31
C.6 Test procedure . 31
C.6.1 Measurements of height h . 31
o
C.6.2 Filling of the container and calculation of mass . 31
C.6.3 Compaction by vibration (compressibility) . 31
C.6.4 Deformation by static loading (before creep measurements) . 31
C.6.5 Compressive creep . 31
C.7 Calculations and expression of results . 32
C.7.1 Compaction by vibration (compressibility) . 32
C.7.2 Bulk density . 33
C.7.3 Deformation by static loading (before creep measurement) . 33
C.7.4 Compressive creep . 33
C.8 Test report . 34
C.8.1 Required data . 34
C.8.2 Optional data . 34
Annex D (normative) Indicative test frequencies for factory production control (FPC) . 35
Annex E (informative) Tabulated λ -values of expanded clay LWA in lightweight fill
10,dry
applications . 36
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard with Regulation (EU)
No. 305/2011 . 37
ZA.1 Scope and relevant characteristics . 37
ZA.2 System of Assessment and Verification of Constancy of Performance (AVCP) . 39
ZA.3 Assignment of AVCP tasks . 39
Bibliography . 42

European foreword
This document (prEN 15732:2019) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 88 “Thermal
insulating materials and products”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This document is currently submitted to the CEN Enquiry.
This document will supersede EN 15732:2012.
This document has been prepared under a standardization request given to CEN/CENELEC by the
European Commission and the European Free Trade Association.
For relationship with Regulation (EU) No 305/2011, see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part
of this document.
Annexes A, B, C and D are normative. Annex E is informative.
The most significant changes compared to the previous editions include:
a. Amending terminology and Annex ZA to be consistent with the Construction Products Regulation;
b. Adding a specific clause on declaration of dangerous substances based a dossier approved by EC;
c. Deleting the optional method using vacuum in Annex A;
d. Replacement of the former clause on Evaluation of Conformity, and the normative text from the
former Annex on factory Production Control, with new normative clauses on Assessment and
Verification of Constancy of Performance.
No changes to existing technical classes and/or threshold levels have been made.
1 Scope
This document specifies the characteristics for loose-fill expanded clay lightweight aggregate (expanded
clay LWA) products for Civil Engineering Applications excluding the use as thermal insulation in and
under buildings which are covered by EN 14063-1. The document covers the use of expanded clay LWA
as lightweight fill and insulation materials in embankments for roads, railways and other trafficked
areas and as lightweight backfill for structures.
This document also describes the product characteristics and includes procedures for testing,
assessment and verification of the constancy of performance (AVCP), marking and labelling.
This document does not specify the required level of a given property to be achieved by a product to
demonstrate fitness for purpose in a particular application.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 932-1, Tests for general properties of aggregates – Part 1: Methods for sampling
EN 932-2, Tests for general properties of aggregates – Part 2: Methods for reducing laboratory samples
EN 932-5, Tests for general properties of aggregates – Part 5: Common equipment and calibration
EN 933-1, Tests for geometrical properties of aggregates – Part 1: Determination of particle size
distribution – Sieving method
EN 1097-3, Tests for mechanical and physical properties of aggregates – Part 3: Determination of loose
bulk density and voids
EN 1097-5, Tests for mechanical and physical properties of aggregates – Part 5: Determination of the
water content by drying in a ventilated oven
EN 1097-6:2013, Tests for mechanical and physical properties of aggregates – Part 6: Determination of
particle density and water absorption
EN 1097-11, Tests for mechanical and physical properties of aggregates – Part 11: Determination of
compressibility and confined compressive strength of lightweight aggregates
EN 1367-7, Tests for thermal and weathering properties of aggregates – Part 7: Determination of
resistance to freezing and thawing of Lightweight aggregates
EN 13055:2016, Lightweight aggregates
EN 13172, Thermal insulation products – Evaluation of conformity
EN 13286-4, Unbound and hydraulically bound mixtures – Part 4: Test methods for laboratory reference
density and water content – Vibrating hammer
EN 13286-5, Unbound and hydraulically bound mixtures – Part 5: Test methods for laboratory reference
density and water content – Vibrating table
EN 13286-7, Unbound and hydraulically bound mixtures – Part 7: Cyclic load triaxial test for unbound
mixtures
EN 13501-1, Fire classification of construction products and building elements – Part 1: Classification
using data from reaction to fire tests
EN 13820, Thermal insulating materials for building applications – Determination of organic content
EN 14063-1, Thermal insulation products for buildings – In-situ formed expanded clay lightweight
aggregate products – Part 1: Specification for the loose-fill products before installation
CEN/TS 16637-3, Construction products – Assessment of release of dangerous substances – Part 3:
Horizontal up-flow percolation test
EN ISO 9229:2007, Thermal insulation – Vocabulary (ISO 9229:2007)
EN ISO 10456, Building materials and products – Hygrothermal properties –Tabulated design values and
procedures for determining declared and design thermal values (ISO 10456)
3 Terms, definitions, symbols and abbreviated terms
3.1 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN ISO 9229:2007 and the
following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
3.1.1
expanded clay
lightweight aggregate
insulation material or product composed of lightweight granular material having a cellular structure
formed by expanding clay minerals by heat
3.1.2
compressibility
C
deformation at a defined load and/or by vibration
3.1.3
confined compressive strength
CS10
load where the deformation of a vibrated specimen is 10 %
3.1.4
stiffness modulus
tangent to the load-deformation curve and is related to the level of deformation
3.1.5
compressive creep
CC
deformation at a constant load in a specified time
3.1.6
cyclic compression
CY
deformation at a defined load and given number of cyclic compressive loading cycles with square wave
load application
3.1.7
compaction
mechanical compression of the installed insulation layer, expressed as a percentage of the initial
untreated layer thickness
Note 1 to entry: Compression performed, e.g. by vibrator.
3.1.8
level
result of the assessment of the performance of a construction product in relation to its essential
characteristics, expressed as a numerical value
[SOURCE: CPR, Regulation (EU) No 305/2011]
3.1.9
class
range of levels, delimited by a minimum and a maximum value, of performance of a construction
product
[SOURCE: CPR, Regulation (EU) No 305/2011]
3.1.10
declared value
value or range of values that a manufacturer is confident in achieving, taking into account the precision
of test methods used, the variability of the production process(-es) and the product performance
3.2 Symbols, units and abbreviated terms
Symbols and units used in this document:
d is the lower sieve size (mm)
D is the upper sieve size (mm)
3 3
LD is the declared value for loose bulk density (kg/m or Mg/m )
AS is the declared value for aggregate size (mm)
C compressibility (%)
CS(10) is the declared level for confined compressive strength at 10 % deformation (N/mm )
CS(2) is the declared level for confined compressive strength at 2 % deformation (N/mm )
CC (i) is the declared level for compressive creep at a defined (i) load (%)
CY(i/n) is the declared deformation at a defined (i) load after a defined number (n) of cyclic
compressive loading cycles (%)
Abbreviated terms used in this document:
LWA is Lightweight Aggregate
PTT is Product-Type Testing
CEA is Civil Engineering Applications
DoP is Declaration of Performance
FPC is Factory Production Control
AVCP is Assessment and Verification of Constancy of Performance
CWFT is Classification Without Further Testing
4 Product characteristics
4.1 General
Product characteristics are assessed in accordance with Subclauses 4.2 and 4.3 as appropriate. Relevant
assessment methods are given in Clause 5.
4.2 For all applications
4.2.1 Loose bulk density
Loose bulk density shall be measured in accordance with EN 1097-3 and declared in steps of 5 kg/m
3 3 3 3
(0,005 Mg/m ) up to a density of 400 kg/m (0,400 Mg/m ) and thereafter in steps of 10 kg/m
(0,010 Mg/m ) and shall be in the range of ± 15 % of the declared value. The value shall be expressed in
3 3
kg/m (Mg/m ).
NOTE The value of the density used for design purposes will be influenced by compaction and water content.
4.2.2 Aggregate size
4.2.2.1 General
Aggregate size shall be determined using a pair of sieve sizes as described in EN 13055 and the upper
and lower sizes declared as product designation.
NOTE The declaration accepts the presence of some particles, which will be retained on the upper sieve
(referred to as (D)) and some, which will pass the lower sieve (referred to as (d)).
4.2.2.2 Undersize
The quantity of the undersize passing the lower sieve (d) shall not exceed 15 % by mass.
4.2.2.3 Oversize
The quantity of the oversize retained on the upper sieve (D) shall not exceed 10 % by mass.
NOTE The sieve through which 100 % of the aggregates passes can be declared.
4.2.2.4 Grading
When declared, the particle size distribution shall be determined in accordance with EN 933-1 without
washing and a grading declared.
4.2.3 Reaction to fire
Reaction to fire shall be determined in accordance with EN 13501-1. The organic content shall be
verified in accordance with EN 13820.
NOTE Expanded clay LWA as described in 3.1.1 of this document is classified, without testing, as a class A1
product in accordance with Commission Decision 96/603/EC as amended by Commission Decision 2000/605/EC
under the condition that the product does not contain more than a mass or volume fraction of 1,0 % (whichever
the more onerous) of homogeneously distributed organic material.
4.2.4 Durability characteristics
4.2.4.1 General
The appropriate durability characteristics have been considered and are covered in 4.2.4.2 to 4.2.4.6.
NOTE The product is a clay mineral product thermo-processed to form a stable structure.
4.2.4.2 Durability of reaction to fire against ageing/degradation
The reaction to fire performance of expanded clay LWA does not change with time.
4.2.4.3 Durability of thermal resistance against ageing/degradation
The thermal conductivity (4.3.2) of the product does not change with time.
4.2.4.4 Durability of compressive strength against ageing/degradation
The compressive strength of expanded clay does not change with time.
4.2.4.5 Durability of resistance to dynamic loads against ageing/degradation
The resistance to dynamic loads does not change with time.
4.2.4.6 Durability against chemicals and biological attack
The expanded clay LWA is a ceramic material and is durable against chemicals and biological attack.
4.3 For specific applications
4.3.1 General
The following characteristics can be declared if relevant for the intended use(s).
4.3.2 Thermal resistance and thermal conductivity
When declared, the thermal conductivity and thermal resistance shall be determined in accordance
with EN 14063-1.
For light weight fill applications without specific thermal insulation requirements tabulated thermal
values in accordance with Annex E may be used.
4.3.3 Specific heat capacity
When declared, the specific heat capacity shall be declared on the basis of EN ISO 10456.
NOTE A typical value for specific heat capacity of 1000 J/(kg K) can be used.
4.3.4 Particle density
When declared, the particle density shall be determined in accordance with EN 1097-6. Measured
values shall be in the range of ± 15 % of the declared value. The value shall be expressed in kg/m
(Mg/m ).
4.3.5 Water content
When declared, the water content shall be determined in accordance with EN 1097-5.
4.3.6 Water absorption
When declared, the water absorption after an immersion time of 28 days shall be determined in
accordance with EN 1097-6.
NOTE Water absorption after an extended immersion time might be determined and declared. (e.g. 300 days)
4.3.7 Compressibility and confined compressive strength
When declared, the compressibility and the confined compressive strength CS(10) shall be determined
in accordance with EN 1097-11. A stiffness modulus shall be given as the tangent to the stress-strain
relationship curve and related to the level of deformation.
NOTE The confined compressive strength at 10 % strain is not a design value, it is used as a reference value
for material characterization only. For characterization of material properties the stiffness modulus and the load
at a strain level at maximum 2 % (CS(2)) is more relevant.
4.3.8 Compressive creep
When declared, the compressive creep CC, in terms of deformation in % of the height of a vibrated
sample, shall be determined in accordance with Annex C, and a value at a defined load after 24 h shall
be declared.
NOTE Compressive creep after an extended time period can be determined and declared (e.g. 28 days)
4.3.9 Shear strength – static loading
When declared, the shear strength properties shall be determined in accordance with Annex A.
4.3.10 Cyclic compression
When declared, the resistance to cyclic compression CY shall be determined in accordance with
Annex B. A cyclic load of 120 kPa shall be applied and the deformation after 2 · 10 cycles shall be
determined and a value shall be declared. Other load levels and extended number of vibrating cycles
might be applied. The results shall be given as deformation in % of the height of a vibrated sample
related to the stress level. The method using dry samples is defined as the reference method.
4.3.11 Shear strength – cyclic loading
When declared, the resilient modulus (elastic stiffness) and resistance to permanent deformations shall
be determined by cyclic triaxial tests. Cyclic triaxial testing shall be performed in accordance with
EN 13286-7. The multistage loading procedure (low stress level) shall be followed.
The development of permanent deformations is highly dependent on the stress history. This should be
taken into consideration when the results from the test are used.
4.3.12 Water permeability
The property is not measured because the open structure of the final product itself offers no substantial
resistance to the free movement of water.
-
NOTE Based on experience; the typical graded expanded clay LWA has a permeability higher than 10 m/s.
4.3.13 Water vapour transmission
When declared, the water vapour transmission shall be declared on the basis of EN ISO 10456.
NOTE A typical water vapour resistance factor μ of 2 can be used.
4.3.14 Chemical characteristics
When declared, the chemical content shall be determined in accordance with EN 13055.
4.3.15 Freezing and thawing resistance
When declared, the resistance to freezing and thawing shall be determined in accordance with
EN 1367-7.
4.3.16 Dangerous substances
2-
shall be determined in accordance with
When declared, the release of As, Mo and SO4
CEN/TS 16637-3.
NOTE Based on a dossier from CEN/TC 88 the EC has accepted to limit the testing of the possible release of
RDS to ground soil, surface water and ground water from expanded clay lightweight aggregates to the above
mentioned three elements.
4.4 Other characteristics — Bulk crushing resistance
When declared, the bulk crushing resistance shall be determined in accordance with EN 13055.
NOTE There is no simple relationship between the bulk crushing resistance and the properties at end use.
The bulk crushing resistance is intended only for factory production control and quality documentation.
5 Test methods
5.1 Sampling and sample reduction
Sampling shall be carried out according to the procedures given in EN 932-1 and splitting of samples
according to EN 932-2.
5.2 Conditioning
If not otherwise prescribed in the test method, the test specimens shall be dried to constant mass
according to EN 1097-5.
5.3 Testing
Table 1 gives the minimum number of measurements required to get one test result and any specific
conditions, which are necessary. One test result on a product property is the average of the measured
values on the number of test specimens given in Table 1.
Table 1 —Test methods, test specimens and specific conditions
Clause
No. Title Test method Minimum Specific
number of test conditions
specimens to
get one test
result
4.2.1 Loose bulk density EN 1097-3 3
4.2.2.4 Grading EN 933-1 1
4.2.3 Reaction to fire EN 13820 3 Only for Type
Testing. See the
(organic content)
NOTE in 4.2.3.
4.3.2 Thermal conductivity In accordance with EN 14063-1
4.3.4 Particle density EN 1097-6:2013, 2
Annex C
4.3.5 Water content EN 1097-5 3 Not applicable
for Type Testing
4.3.6 Water absorption EN 1097-6:2013, 2
Annex C
4.3.7 Compressibility and confined EN 1097-11 3
compressive strength
4.3.8 Compressive creep Annex C 3
4.3.9 Shear strength –static Annex A 3
loading
4.3.10 Cyclic compression Annex B 2
4.3.11 Shear strength –cyclic EN 13286-7 3
loading
4.3.14 Chemical content EN 13055 1
4.3.15 Freezing and thawing EN 1367-7 3
resistance
4.3.16 Release of dangerous CEN/TS 16637-3 1
substances
4.4 Bulk crushing resistance EN 13055:2016, 3
Annex C
6 Designation code
If a designation code is provided it shall be given as follows:
Abbreviated term
– Expanded clay LWA Exp. clay LWA
– This EN standard number prEN 15732
– Loose bulk density LD
– Aggregate size AS
Confined compressive strength CS(10)
The designation code according to this standard for an expanded clay lightweight aggregate product is
illustrated by the following example:
Exp. clay LWA EN 15732 – LD250 – AS(8/20) – CS(10)700
7 Assessment and Verification of the Constancy of Performance (AVCP)
7.1 General
In accordance with EN 13172, the compliance of the product with the provisions of this standard and
with the performances declared by the manufacturer in the DoP shall be demonstrated by:
— determination of the product-type (Product-type Testing, PTT)
— factory production control by the manufacturer, including product assessment.
The manufacturer shall always retain the overall control and shall have the necessary means to take
responsibility for the conformity of the product with its declared performance(s).
If a manufacturer decides to group his products it shall be done in accordance with EN 13172.
7.2 Product-type Testing
All performances related to characteristics included in this standard shall be determined when the
manufacturer intends to declare the respective performances unless the standard gives provisions for
declaring them without performing tests. (e.g. use of previously existing data, CWFT and conventionally
accepted performance).
PTT shall be made in accordance with Table 1, Annex A, B and C of this document and EN 13172.
For the relevant characteristics, Type testing on products corresponding also to EN 14063-1 may be
used for the purpose of Type testing and Declaration of Performance (DoP) according to this standard.
7.3 Factory Production Control (FPC)
The manufacturer shall establish, document and maintain an FPC system to ensure that the products
placed on the market comply with the declared performance of the essential characteristics.
The minimum frequencies of tests in the factory production control (FPC) shall be in accordance with
Annex D. When indirect testing is used, the correlation to direct testing shall be established in
accordance with EN 14063-1 and EN 13172.
8 Marking and labelling
Products conforming to this standard shall be clearly marked on the label on the packaging or on an
accompanying document, with the following information:
— product name or other identifying characteristic;
— name or identifying mark and address of the manufacturer or his authorized representative;
— date of delivery, manufacturing plant and/or traceability code;
— reaction to fire class;
— quantity of material, in m ;
— designation code as given in Clause 6;
NOTE Where regulatory marking provisions require information on some or all items listed in this clause, the
provisions of this clause concerning those common items are deemed to be met.
Annex A
(normative)
Test for mechanical and physical properties of expanded clay LWA –Static
Triaxial Compression Test for determination of shear strength properties
A.1 Scope
This test description specifies test equipment and procedures for determination of strength and
deformation properties of expanded clay LWA in a triaxial cell. In a drained triaxial test an axial
deviator stress and a static confining cell pressure are imposed on a cylindrical specimen. The test
procedure shall simulate relevant conditions and stress states for these materials.
This method is applicable to specimens prepared by compaction in the laboratory, where various
compaction methods may be used to obtain the wanted porosity/density. This method applies to
materials, in which all particles have a maximum size of one fifth of the specimen diameter.
The test results are used to interpret the strength properties (friction angle ϕ and cohesion c) of the
expanded clay LWA aggregate. The method could be used to investigate a variety of test conditions,
such as different moisture and stress states
A.2 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations
For the purposes of this test description, the following definitions and symbols in Table A.1 apply.
Table A.1 — Symbols and definitions
Symbol Definition Explanation and formulae Unit
w Moisture content  %
ρ Dry density  Mg/m
d
σ Normal stress  N/mm
σ Major total stress  N/mm
σ σ Minor total and effective  N/mm
3 = 2
radial stress respectively
σ Deviatoric stress σ σ σ N/mm
d d = 1- 3
σ Mean normal stress σ = (σ + 2 * σ )/3 N/mm
m m 1 3
p
ε Permanent ax
...