EN 12953-1:2012
(Main)Shell boilers - Part 1: General
Shell boilers - Part 1: General
1.1 General
This European Standard applies to shell boilers with volumes in excess of 2 litres for the generation of steam and/or hot water at a maximum allowable pressure greater than 0,5 bar and with a temperature in excess of
110 °C.
The purpose of this European Standard is to ensure that the hazards associated with the operation of shell boilers are reduced to a minimum and that adequate protection is provided to contain the hazards that still prevail when the shell boiler is put into service. This protection will be achieved by the proper application of the design, manufacturing, testing and inspection methods and techniques incorporated in the various parts of this European Standard. Where appropriate, adequate warning of residual hazards and the potential for misuse are given in the training and operating instructions and local to the equipment concerned (see EN 12953-7 and EN 12953-8).
It is the manufacturer's responsibility, in addition to complying with the requirements of this standard, to take into consideration special measures which could be necessary in order to achieve by manufacturing the required level of safety in accordance with the EU Directive 97/23/EC (PED).
NOTE 1 Further requirements relating to operating instructions in prEN 12953-13 and to hazard analysis in
CEN/TS 764-6 should be taken into consideration.
This European Standard specifies requirements for both directly fired and electrically heated boilers including Low Pressure Boilers (LPB, see 3.6) as well as for heat recovery boilers with a gas-side pressure not exceeding 0,5 bar of cylindrical design, constructed from carbon or carbon manganese steels by fusion welding and a design pressure not exceeding 40 bar. The boilers covered by this European Standard are intended for land use for providing steam or hot water (typical examples are shown in Figures 1 to 6).
For Low Pressure Boilers (LPB) less stringent requirements concerning design and calculation are acceptable. Details are defined in the respective clauses.
NOTE 2 For boilers operating at a pressure on the gas-side greater than 0,5 bar the rules of this standard equally apply. However, it is generally considered that additional design analysis, inspection and testing may be necessary.
Where a particular boiler is a combination of shell and water-tube design then the water-tube standard series EN 12952 is used in addition to this European Standard. One such example of this combination is shown in Figure 3.
This European Standard applies to the generator, from the feed-water or water inlet connection to the steam or water outlet connection and to all other connections, including the valves and steam and water fittings. If welded ends are used, the requirements specified herein begin or end at the weld where flanges, if used, would have been fitted.
1.2 Exclusions
This European standard does not apply to the following types of boilers and equipments:
a) water-tube boilers;
b) non stationary boilers, e.g. locomotive boilers;
c) thermal oil boilers;
d) boilers where the main pressure housing is made of cast material.
e) pumps, gaskets, etc.
f) brickwork setting and insulation, etc.
NOTE Stainless steel boilers are covered by EN 14222.
Großwasserraumkessel - Teil 1: Allgemeines
1.1 Allgemeines Diese Europäische Norm gilt für Großwasserraumkessel mit einem Inhalt von mehr als 2 Litern zur Erzeugung von Dampf und/oder Heißwasser bei einem maximal zulässigen Druck von mehr als 0,5 bar und bei einer Temperatur über 110 °C. Diese Europäische Norm stellt sicher, dass die Gefahren, die mit dem Betrieb von Großwasserraumkesseln verbunden sind, auf ein Minimum verringert werden und dass ein ausreichender Schutz geboten wird, um die bei Inbetriebsetzung des Großwasserraumkessels noch vorhandenen Gefahren einzudämmen. Dieser Schutz ist zu erreichen, indem die in den einzelnen Teilen dieser Europäischen Norm festgelegten Verfahren und Techniken bei Auslegung, Herstellung, Prüfung und Inspektion exakt angewendet werden. Wenn zutreffend, werden geeignete Warnhinweise vor verbleibenden Gefahren und vor einer potenziellen fehlerhaften Nutzung in den Schulungs- und Betriebsanleitungen und lokal am jeweiligen Druckgerät angegeben (siehe EN 12953-7 und EN 12953-8). Es liegt in der Verantwortung des Herstellers, zusätzlich zum Erfüllen der Anforderungen dieser Norm besondere Maßnahmen in Erwägung zu ziehen, die notwendig sein könnten, um bei der Herstellung die erforderliche Sicherheitsstufe entsprechend EU-Richtlinie 97/23/EG (DGRL) zu erreichen. ANMERKUNG 1 Weitere Anforderungen sowohl an die Betriebsanleitungen in EN 12953-13 sollten ebenso berücksichtigt werden wie Anforderungen bezüglich der Gefahrenanalyse in CEN/TS 764-6. Diese Europäische Norm regelt Anforderungen sowohl an direkt befeuerte und elektrisch beheizte Dampfkessel einschließlich sowohl Niederdruck-Dampfkessel (NDD, siehe 3.6) als auch Abhitzekessel mit einem gasseitigen Druck bis 0,5 bar, die zylinderförmig sind, aus C- oder C-Mn-Stählen durch Schweißen hergestellt werden und deren Auslegungsdruck 40 bar nicht überschreitet. Dampfkessel nach dieser Europäischen Norm sind für den Gebrauch an Land zur Versorgung mit Dampf oder Heißwasser bestimmt (typische Beispiele werden in den Bildern 1 bis 6 gezeigt). Für Niederdruck-Dampfkessel (NDD) sind geringere Anforderungen an Auslegung und Berechnung zugelassen. Einzelheiten sind in den entsprechenden Abschnitten festgelegt. ANMERKUNG 2 Für Dampfkessel, die bei einem höheren Druck als 0,5 bar betrieben werden, gelten die Vorschriften dieser Norm ebenfalls. Es muss jedoch grundsätzlich überprüft werden, ob zusätzliche Berechnungen und Prüfungen notwendig sind. Falls ein besonderer Kessel eine Kombination aus Großwasserraum- und Wasserrohrkessel ist, so sind die Normen der Reihe EN 12952 zusätzlich zu dieser Europäischen Norm zu verwenden. Ein Beispiel für diese Kombination ist in Bild 3 gezeigt. Diese Europäische Norm gilt für Dampf-/Heißwassererzeuger vom Anschluss für die Speisewassereinleitung bis zum Anschluss für den Dampfaustritt und bis zu allen anderen Anschlüssen, einschließlich der Anschlüsse für Armaturen und Passstücke für Dampf und Wasser. Falls Anschweißenden verwendet werden, gelten die hier festgelegten Anforderungen von und bis zu der Naht, an der sonst Flansche eingesetzt werden. (...)
Chaudières à tubes de fumée - Partie 1: Généralités
1.1 Généralités
La présente Norme Européenne s'applique aux chaudières à tubes de fumée ayant un volume supérieur à
2 litres pour la production de vapeur et/ou d'eau surchauffée à une pression maximale admissible supérieure à
0,5 bar et à une température supérieure à 110 °C.
L'objet de la présente Norme européenne est d'assurer que les phénomènes dangereux associés à
l'exploitation des chaudières à tubes de fumée sont réduits à un minimum et qu'une protection appropriée est
fournie pour maîtriser les phénomènes dangereux qui subsistent toujours lorsque la chaudière à tubes de
fumée est mise en service. Cette protection sera assurée par l'application correcte des méthodes et
techniques de conception, de fabrication, d'essai et de contrôle incorporées dans les différentes parties de la
présente Norme européenne. Le cas échéant, des avertissements appropriés vis-à-vis les phénomènes
dangereux résiduels et la mauvaise utilisation sont donnés dans les instructions de formation et de service et
apposés sur l'équipement concerné (voir l'EN 12953-7 et l'EN 12953-8).
En plus de la conformité aux prescriptions de la présente norme, il est de la responsabilité du fabricant de
prendre en considération des mesures spécifiques qui pourraient être nécessaires afin d’obtenir par la
fabrication le niveau de sécurité requis conformément à la Directive UE 97/23/CE (DESP).
NOTE 1 Il convient de prendre en considération d'autres exigences relatives aux instructions de service spécifiées
dans le FprEN 12953-13 et aux phénomènes dangereux données dans le CEN/TS 764-6.
La présente Norme européenne spécifie à la fois les prescriptions pour les chaudières directement soumises à
la flamme et chauffées électriquement y compris les chaudières basse pression (LPB, voir 3.7) ainsi que les
chaudières à récupération de chaleur de conception cylindrique dont la pression côté gaz ne dépasse pas 0,5
bar, construites à partir d'acier au carbone ou au carbone-manganèse par soudage par fusion et ayant une
pression de conception ne dépassant pas 40 bar. Les chaudières couvertes par la présente Norme
européenne sont prévues pour être installées à demeure et pour fournir de la vapeur ou de l'eau surchauffée
(des exemples caractéristiques sont donnés aux Figures 1 à 6).
Pour les chaudières basse pression (LPB), des exigences moins sévères relatives à la conception et au calcul
sont acceptables. Les détails sont définis dans les articles respectifs.
NOTE 2 Pour les chaudières fonctionnant à une pression sur le côté gaz plus grande que 0,5 bar, les règles de la
présente norme s'appliquent également. Cependant, il est généralement considéré que des analyses de conception, des
contrôles et des essais complémentaires peuvent être nécessaires.
Lorsqu'une chaudière particulière est une combinaison de conceptions à tubes de fumée et à tubes d'eau, la
série de normes EN 12952 concernant les chaudières à tubes d'eau doit être alors utilisée en complément de
la présente Norme européenne. Un exemple d'une telle combinaison est illustré par la Figure 3.
La présente Norme européenne s'applique au générateur, depuis la tubulure d'entrée d'eau ou la tubulure
d'entrée d'eau d'alimentation jusqu'à la tubulure de sortie de vapeur ou la tubulure de sortie d’eau et toutes les
autres tubulures, y compris celles requises pour les robinets et les installations de vapeur et d'eau. Si des
extrémités soudées sont utilisées, les exigences spécifiées dans le présent paragraphe commencent ou se
terminent au droit des soudures à la place desquelles des brides auraient été montées si elles avaient été
utilisées.
(...)
Mnogovodni kotli - 1. del: Splošno
Ta evropski standard se uporablja za mnogovodne kotle s prostornino, večjo od 2 litrov, za proizvodnjo pare in/ali vroče vode pri najvišjem dovoljenem tlaku, višjem od 0,5 bara, in temperaturi, višji od 110 °C. Namen tega evropskega standarda je zagotoviti, da se nevarnosti, povezane z delovanjem mnogovodnih kotlov, čim bolj zmanjšajo in da se zagotovi ustrezna zaščita pred nevarnostmi, ki še vedno obstajajo, ko se kotli dajo v uporabo. Ta zaščita bo dosežena s pravilno uporabo metod in tehnik konstruiranja, proizvodnje, preskušanja in pregledovanja iz različnih delov tega evropskega standarda. Po potrebi so ustrezna opozorila glede ostalih nevarnosti in možnosti zlorabe navedena v navodilih za usposabljanje in uporabo ter na kraju uporabe zadevne opreme (glejte EN 12953-7 in EN 12953-8). Poleg izpolnjevanja zahtev iz tega standarda je odgovornost proizvajalca, da upošteva posebne ukrepe, ki bi lahko bili potrebni, da se pri izdelavi doseže zahtevana stopnja varnosti v skladu z Direktivo EU 97/23/ES (PED). Ta evropski standard določa zahteve za neposredno kurjene in električno segrevane kotle, vključno z nizkotlačnimi kotli (LPB, glejte 3.6), ter za kotle z vračanjem toplote s plinskim tlakom največ 0,5 barov, ki so valjaste oblike in izdelani iz ogljikovega ali ogljikovega/manganskega jekla s fuzijskim varjenjem ter imajo računski tlak največ 40 barov. Kotli, zajeti v tem evropskem standardu, so namenjeni za prostorsko uporabo za zagotavljanje pare ali tople vode (značilni primeri so prikazani na slikah od 1 do 6). Pri nizkotlačnih kotlih (LPB) so sprejemljive manj stroge zahteve v zvezi s konstruiranjem in izračunom. Podrobnosti so določene v ustreznih točkah. Če gre pri posameznem kotlu za kombinacijo mnogovodnega in vodocevnega kotla, se poleg tega evropskega standarda uporablja še skupina standardov za vodocevne kotle EN 12952. Primer takšne kombinacije je prikazan na sliki 3. Ta evropski standard se uporablja za generator, od dovoda napajalne vode ali vode do odvoda pare ali vode in do vseh drugih povezav, vključno z ventili ter pritrdilnimi elementi za paro in vodo. Če se uporabijo varjeni končni deli, tu navedene zahteve začnejo ali prenehajo veljati na zvaru, kjer bi bile nameščene prirobnice, če bi se uporabile.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Mnogovodni kotli - 1. del: SplošnoGroßwasserraumkessel - Teil 1: AllgemeinesChaudières à tubes de fumée - Partie 1: GénéralitésShell boilers - Part 1: General27.060.30Grelniki vode in prenosniki toploteBoilers and heat exchangersICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 12953-1:2012SIST EN 12953-1:2012en,fr,de01-maj-2012SIST EN 12953-1:2012SLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST EN 12953-1:20021DGRPHãþD
EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 12953-1
March 2012 ICS 27.060.30 Supersedes EN 12953-1:2002English Version
Shell boilers - Part 1: General
Chaudières à tubes de fumée - Partie 1: Généralités
Großwasserraumkessel - Teil 1: Allgemeines This European Standard was approved by CEN on 7 January 2012.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre:
Avenue Marnix 17,
B-1000 Brussels © 2012 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 12953-1:2012: ESIST EN 12953-1:2012
Information to be supplied by the purchaser to the manufacturer . 19Annex B (informative)
Vocabulary for shell boiler . 21Annex C (informative)
Vocabulary on typical components of a shell boiler . 29Annex D (informative)
Significant technical changes between this European Standard and the
previous edition . 33Annex ZA (informative)
Relationship between this
European
Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 97/23/EC . 34Bibliography . 35 SIST EN 12953-1:2012
110 °C. The purpose of this European Standard is to ensure that the hazards associated with the operation of shell boilers are reduced to a minimum and that adequate protection is provided to contain the hazards that still prevail when the shell boiler is put into service. This protection will be achieved by the proper application of the design, manufacturing, testing and inspection methods and techniques incorporated in the various parts of this European Standard. Where appropriate, adequate warning of residual hazards and the potential for misuse are given in the training and operating instructions and local to the equipment concerned (see EN 12953-7 and EN 12953-8). It is the manufacturer's responsibility, in addition to complying with the requirements of this standard, to take into consideration special measures which could be necessary in order to achieve by manufacturing the required level of safety in accordance with the EU Directive 97/23/EC (PED). NOTE 1 Further requirements relating to operating instructions in EN 12953-13 and to hazard analysis in
CEN/TS 764-6 should be taken into consideration. This European Standard specifies requirements for both directly fired and electrically heated boilers including Low Pressure Boilers (LPB, see 3.6) as well as for heat recovery boilers with a gas-side pressure not exceeding 0,5 bar of cylindrical design, constructed from carbon or carbon manganese steels by fusion welding and a design pressure not exceeding 40 bar. The boilers covered by this European Standard are intended for land use for providing steam or hot water (typical examples are shown in Figures 1 to 6). For Low Pressure Boilers (LPB) less stringent requirements concerning design and calculation are acceptable. Details are defined in the respective clauses. NOTE 2 For boilers operating at a pressure on the gas-side greater than 0,5 bar the rules of this standard equally apply. However, it is generally considered that additional design analysis, inspection and testing may be necessary. Where a particular boiler is a combination of shell and water-tube design then the water-tube standard series EN 12952 is used in addition to this European Standard. One such example of this combination is shown in Figure 3. This European Standard applies to the generator, from the feed-water or water inlet connection to the steam or water outlet connection and to all other connections, including the valves and steam and water fittings. If welded ends are used, the requirements specified herein begin or end at the weld where flanges, if used, would have been fitted. 1.2 Exclusions This European standard does not apply to the following types of boilers and equipments: a) water-tube boilers; b) non stationary boilers, e.g. locomotive boilers; c) thermal oil boilers; d) boilers where the main pressure housing is made of cast material. e) pumps, gaskets, etc. SIST EN 12953-1:2012
individual or organization that buys the boiler or part thereof from the manufacturer
3.2
manufacturer individual or organisation that is responsible for the design, fabrication, testing, inspection, installation of pressure equipment and assemblies where relevant
[SOURCE: EN 764-3:2002] Note 1 to entry: The manufacturer can subcontract one or more of the above mentioned tasks under its responsibility (for example, designer, installer, etc.).
3.3 material supplier
individual or organisation, that may or may not be the material manufacturer, who supplies material or parts used in the manufacture of pressure equipment and assemblies [SOURCE: EN 764-3:2002] Note 1 to entry: A material supplier may be a stockist. 3.4
material manufacturer
individual or organisation that produces material in the basic product forms used in the manufacture of pressure equipment
[SOURCE: EN 764-3:2002] SIST EN 12953-1:2012
Note 1 to entry: Depending on the contractual circumstances, the installer may be considered as the manufacturer of the assembly. 3.6
low pressure boilers (LPB)
steam boilers with a maximum saturation temperature of 120 °C (this corresponds to a pressure of 1 bar gauge) or hot water boilers with a maximum outlet temperature of 120 °C and a maximum allowable pressure of 10 bar gauge Note 1 to entry: The manufacturer may have the option of using this harmonised European Standard or alternatively EN 14394 for low pressure boilers which are to be used as hot water heating boilers. 3.7 shell boiler closed vessel containing water in which flames and/or hot gases pass through the inside of tubes located within the shell which forms part of an assembly
Note 1 to entry: This is opposed to water-tube boiler where the water is inside the tubes and flue gas is outside the tubes.
Note 2 to entry: Figures 1 to 6 are typical configurations and examples of shell boilers. Other configurations are also permissible (e.g. vertical shell). Note 3 to entry: Informative Annex C gives translations of some typical components of a shell boiler.
Key 1) cylindrical shell 2) furnace tube (1st pass): for example plain or corrugated or with bowling hoops 3) front tube plate (or front plate depending on the configuration) 4) rear plate (or rear tube plate depending on the configuration) 5) smoke tube(s) (2nd pass/3rd pass) (maybe with stay tubes or bar stays) 6) wrapper plate (shell of reversal chamber) 7) reversal chamber tube plate 8) wet back rear plate 12) lifting lugs 13) gusset stays 14) branches 15) supports 16) inspection opening
NOTE The main pressure-bearing parts are the parts, which constitute the envelope under pressure, and the parts which are essential for the integrity of the boiler. Figure 1 — Typical components of a shell boiler
a) two pass boiler b) three pass boiler Key 1) cylindrical shell 2) furnace tube (1st pass): for example plain or corrugated or with bowling hoops 3) front tube plate (or front plate depending on the configuration) 4) rear plate (or rear tube plate depending on the configuration) 5) smoke tube(s) (2nd pass/3rd pass) (maybe with stay tubes or bar stays) 6) wrapper plate (shell of reversal chamber) 7) reversal chamber tube plate 8) wet back rear plate NOTE The effective radiant heating su
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