EN 12953-11:2003
(Main)Shell boilers - Part 11: Acceptance tests
Shell boilers - Part 11: Acceptance tests
This Part of this European Standard specifies a concise procedure for conducting thermal performance tests, using the indirect (losses) procedure for boilers for steam or hot water. Test results are based on either the gross or net calorific value of the fuel.
This concise procedure provides a convenient means for assessing boilers which thermodynamically simple, i.e. having a single major source of heat input and a simple circuit for water, steam or high temperature heat transfer fluid.
NOTE 1 The use of the direct method is not advocated, because the estimated measuring error is three to four times greater than with the indirect method.
NOTE 2 An acceptance test may be required:
a) after the commissioning of new plant or after the recommissioning of modified plant in order to verify compliance with a specification or contractual obligation;
b) whenever the user wishes to determine the current performance of the plant either on a route basis or due to change of load or other operating conditions or when a change of fuel or a modification to the plant is being considered;
c) whenever the user wishes to check combustion conditions.
Regular tests in accordance with this European Standard will enable boiler plant to be monitored in normal operation for opti-mum efficiency in the interests of fuel conservation.
This procedure does not cover condensing boilers. The application of boilers, where heat is extracted from waste gases is specified in annex B.
Großwasserraumkessel - Teil 11: Abnahmeversuche
Dieser Teil dieser Europäischen Norm beschreibt ein Kurzverfahren zur Durchführung von Wärmeleistungs-beurteilungen, unter Anwendung des indirekten (Verlust-) Verfahrens für Dampf- und Heißwasserkessel. Prüf---ergebnisse basieren entweder auf Brutto- oder Netto-Brennwerten.
Dieses Kurzverfahren ermöglicht eine geeignete Möglichkeit zur Beurteilung von Kesseln, die thermodynamisch einfach aufgebaut sind, d. h. die Wärmeeinbringung erfolgt durch eine einzige größere Wärmequelle und über einen einfachen Wasserkreislauf, mit Dampf oder Hochtemperatur-Wärmeübertragungsflüssigkeiten.
ANMERKUNG 1 Die Anwendung der direkten Methode ist nicht verbindlich, da der zu erwartende Messfehler drei bis viermal größer ist als bei der indirekten Methode.
ANMERKUNG 2 Eine Beurteilung kann erforderlich sein:
a) nach Inbetriebnahme einer neuen Anlage oder nach Wiederinbetriebnahme einer umgebauten Anlage, um die Übereinstimmung mit einer Spezifikation oder vertraglichen Verpflichtung zu überprüfen;
b) wenn der Anwender die aktuelle Leistung der Anlage bestimmen will entweder auf Richtlinienbasis oder auf Grund einer Änderung der Auslastung oder anderer Betriebsbedingungen oder wenn eine Änderung des Brennstoffes oder ein Umbau der Anlage erwägt wird;
c) wann immer der Anwender die Verbrennungsbedingungen überprüfen will.
Laufende Prüfungen nach dieser Europäischen Norm werden genutzt um Dampfkesselanlagen in Normalbetrieb bezüglich des Brennstoffverbrauchs zu optimieren.
Dieses Verfahren beinhaltet keine Kondensationskessel. Die Anwendung auf Dampfkessel, bei denen die Wärme aus Abhitze erzeugt wird, ist in Anhang B beschrieben.
Chaudières à tubes de fumée - Partie 11: Essais de réception
La présente partie de cette Norme européenne décrit une procédure précise d'évaluation des performances thermiques, faisant appel à la procédure indirecte (déperditions) pour les chaudières utilisant de la vapeur ou de l'eau surchauffée. Les résultats d'essai sont fondés sur le pouvoir calorifique supérieur ou inférieur du combustible.
Cette procédure précise fournit un moyen approprié d'évaluation des chaudières thermodynamiquement simples, c'est-à-dire ayant une seule source principale d'apport calorifique et un circuit simple pour l'eau, la vapeur ou le fluide caloporteur à température élevée.
NOTE 1 L'utilisation de la méthode directe n'est pas conseillée, car l'erreur estimée de mesure est trois à quatre fois supérieure à l'erreur observée avec la méthode indirecte.
NOTE 2 Un essai de réception peut être requis :
a) après la mise en service d'une nouvelle installation ou après la remise en service d'une installation modifiée afin de vérifier la conformité à une spécification ou à une obligation contractuelle ;
b) chaque fois que l'utilisateur souhaite déterminer les performances courantes de l'installation de façon régulière ou suite à un changement de la charge ou à un changement d'autres conditions de fonctionnement, ou lorsqu'il est envisagé de changer de combustible ou de modifier l'installation ;
c) chaque fois que l'utilisateur souhaite vérifier les conditions de combustion.
Des essais réguliers conformément à la présente Norme européenne permettent de contrôler l'installation de chaudière en fonctionnement normal pour un rendement optimum permettant d'économiser le combustible.
Cette procédure ne couvre pas les chaudières à condensation. L'application des chaudières, dans lesquelles la chaleur est récupérée de gaz perdus est spécifiée en Annexe B.
Mnogovodni kotli – 11. del: Prevzemni preskusi
General Information
Overview
EN 12953-11:2003 - "Shell boilers - Part 11: Acceptance tests" (CEN) defines a concise, standardized procedure for conducting thermal performance and acceptance tests on non‑condensing shell boilers for steam or hot water. The standard specifies the indirect (losses) method for determining thermal efficiency and test results referenced to either the gross calorific value (GCV) or net calorific value (NCV) of the fuel. It is intended for thermodynamically simple boilers with a single major heat input and straightforward fluid circuit. Condensing boilers are excluded; waste‑heat boiler requirements are covered in Annex B.
Key topics and requirements
- Indirect (losses) procedure: determine all accountable heat losses and compute efficiency as 100% minus total losses; the direct method is discouraged (estimated error 3–4× larger).
- Heat balance and thermal efficiency: definitions of heat input, useful heat output, assessed and measured losses, and calculation steps for efficiency using GCV or NCV.
- Instrumentation & measurements: guidance on required instruments and methods for pressure, temperature, mass/mass flow, calorific value and flue gas composition (O2, CO2, CO).
- Test conditions & duration: steady‑state and general test conditions, requirements to ensure representative operation during tests.
- Accuracy & test error: provisions for estimating combined measurement and sampling errors and expected test precision.
- Annexes:
- Annex A (informative): combustion air/flue gas mass ratios, specific heat, and statistical considerations.
- Annex B (normative): application to waste‑heat boilers (boilers extracting heat from waste gases).
- Exclusions: condensing boilers are not covered.
Practical applications
- Acceptance testing after commissioning or modification to verify contractual performance guarantees.
- Performance audits and routine monitoring to track boiler efficiency and fuel conservation over time.
- Fuel change or plant modification assessments to evaluate impact on boiler performance.
- Combustion tuning and troubleshooting, including checks on combustion conditions and flue gas analysis.
- Contract specification: defining test requirements and acceptance criteria in procurement documents.
Who uses this standard
- Boiler manufacturers and suppliers (acceptance testing obligations)
- Commissioning and testing engineers
- Plant operators and maintenance teams
- Energy managers and consultants focused on fuel efficiency
- Inspection bodies and certification authorities
Related standards and references
- EN 12953 (other parts: design, materials, safety, water quality, etc.)
- Relevant ISO standards cited for measurement and calorimetry (e.g., ISO 5167‑1, ISO 1928)
- Useful keywords: EN 12953-11, shell boilers, acceptance tests, thermal performance test, indirect losses method, boiler efficiency, gross calorific value, net calorific value, waste‑heat boiler.
Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Mnogovodni kotli – 11. del: Prevzemni preskusiGroßwasserraumkessel - Teil 11: AbnahmeversucheChaudieres a tubes de fumée - Partie 11: Essais de réceptionShell boilers - Part 11: Acceptance tests27.060.30Grelniki vode in prenosniki toploteBoilers and heat exchangersICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 12953-11:2003SIST EN 12953-11:2004en01-junij-2004SIST EN 12953-11:2004SLOVENSKI
STANDARD
EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPÉENNEEUROPÄISCHE NORMEN 12953-11September 2003ICS 27.060.30; 27.100English versionShell boilers - Part 11: Acceptance testsChaudières à tubes de fumée - Partie 11: Essais deréceptionGroßwasserraumkessel - Teil 11: AbnahmeversucheThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 24 July 2003.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the Management Centre or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Management Centre has the same status as the officialversions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece,Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and UnitedKingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36
B-1050 Brussels© 2003 CENAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 12953-11:2003 ESIST EN 12953-11:2004
Calculation of combustion air/flue gas mass to fuel mass ratios and specificheat.21A.1Combustion air/flue gas mass to fuel mass ratios.21A.2Ultimate analysis.22A.3Statistical analysis.25A.4Specific heat of flue gas and combustion air.26Annex B (normative)
Waste heat boilers.29B.1General.29B.2Useful heat output.29B.3Heat from waste gases.29B.4Heat input.30B.5Thermal efficiency.30B.6Methods of measurement.30Bibliography.32SIST EN 12953-11:2004
minus the ratio of the sum of all heatlosses to the sum of heat in the fuel plus heat credits3.2standard conditioncondition at pn = 0,101325 N/mm2 and tn = 0 °C3.3assessed lossesany thermal losses established from predetermined data3.4gross calorific value (GCV)amount of heat liberated by the complete combustion, under specified conditions, of unit volume of a gas or unitmass of a solid or liquid fuel in the determination of which the water produced by combustion of the fuel is assumedto be completely condensed and its latent and sensible heat made available3.5net calorific value (NCV)amount of heat generated by the complete combustion, under specified conditions, of unit volume of a gas or unitmass of a solid or liquid fuel in the determination of which the water produced by combustion of the fuel is assumedto remain as a vapour3.6heat inputheat content of the fuel used during the test based on the gross or net calorific value plus the sensible heat in thefuel above reference temperature plus the sensible heat in the combustion air above reference temperature3.7heat outputheat gained by the heat carrier from the boiler during the period of the test3.8measured lossany thermal losses calculated from actual measurements made during the test3.9radiation, convection and conduction losseslosses from water, steam, combustion air, or gas-backed surfaces prior to the flue gas temperature measurementpoint and directly from flame to the floor and surroundings of the unit3.10test errorcombined error due to sampling, measurements, calculations and assumptions used to obtain test results. Theoverall effect may be positive or negative3.11thermal efficiencythe difference between 100 % and the total percentage losses based on either the gross or net calorific value of thefuel which is equivalent to the ratio of the useful heat output to the heat input expressed as a percentage3.12turn-down ratiothe ratio of maximum and minimum fuel inputs for continuous firing in unit time specified by the manufacturer whichcan also be expressed in terms of boiler output provided the appropriate efficiencies are known.SIST EN 12953-11:2004
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Frequently Asked Questions
EN 12953-11:2003 is a standard published by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN). Its full title is "Shell boilers - Part 11: Acceptance tests". This standard covers: This Part of this European Standard specifies a concise procedure for conducting thermal performance tests, using the indirect (losses) procedure for boilers for steam or hot water. Test results are based on either the gross or net calorific value of the fuel. This concise procedure provides a convenient means for assessing boilers which thermodynamically simple, i.e. having a single major source of heat input and a simple circuit for water, steam or high temperature heat transfer fluid. NOTE 1 The use of the direct method is not advocated, because the estimated measuring error is three to four times greater than with the indirect method. NOTE 2 An acceptance test may be required: a) after the commissioning of new plant or after the recommissioning of modified plant in order to verify compliance with a specification or contractual obligation; b) whenever the user wishes to determine the current performance of the plant either on a route basis or due to change of load or other operating conditions or when a change of fuel or a modification to the plant is being considered; c) whenever the user wishes to check combustion conditions. Regular tests in accordance with this European Standard will enable boiler plant to be monitored in normal operation for opti-mum efficiency in the interests of fuel conservation. This procedure does not cover condensing boilers. The application of boilers, where heat is extracted from waste gases is specified in annex B.
This Part of this European Standard specifies a concise procedure for conducting thermal performance tests, using the indirect (losses) procedure for boilers for steam or hot water. Test results are based on either the gross or net calorific value of the fuel. This concise procedure provides a convenient means for assessing boilers which thermodynamically simple, i.e. having a single major source of heat input and a simple circuit for water, steam or high temperature heat transfer fluid. NOTE 1 The use of the direct method is not advocated, because the estimated measuring error is three to four times greater than with the indirect method. NOTE 2 An acceptance test may be required: a) after the commissioning of new plant or after the recommissioning of modified plant in order to verify compliance with a specification or contractual obligation; b) whenever the user wishes to determine the current performance of the plant either on a route basis or due to change of load or other operating conditions or when a change of fuel or a modification to the plant is being considered; c) whenever the user wishes to check combustion conditions. Regular tests in accordance with this European Standard will enable boiler plant to be monitored in normal operation for opti-mum efficiency in the interests of fuel conservation. This procedure does not cover condensing boilers. The application of boilers, where heat is extracted from waste gases is specified in annex B.
EN 12953-11:2003 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 27.060.30 - Boilers and heat exchangers; 27.100 - Power stations in general. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
EN 12953-11:2003 is associated with the following European legislation: EU Directives/Regulations: 97/23/EC; Standardization Mandates: M/071. When a standard is cited in the Official Journal of the European Union, products manufactured in conformity with it benefit from a presumption of conformity with the essential requirements of the corresponding EU directive or regulation.
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The EN 12953-11:2003 standard specifies a concise procedure for conducting acceptance tests on shell boilers for steam or hot water. The test results are based on the calorific value of the fuel, either gross or net. The procedure is suitable for boilers with a simple heat input and water, steam, or high-temperature heat transfer fluid circuit. The direct method is not recommended due to its larger measuring error. Acceptance tests can be performed after the commissioning of new or modified plant, to verify compliance with specifications or contractual obligations, or to determine the current performance of the plant. Regular tests following this standard will help monitor boiler efficiency for fuel conservation. The procedure does not cover condensing boilers, and the use of boilers where heat is extracted from waste gases is specified in Annex B.
기사 제목: EN 12953-11:2003 - 쉘 보일러 - 제 11부: 수용성 테스트 기사 내용: 이 유럽 표준의 이 부분은 간접(손실) 절차를 사용하여 증기나 온수를 위한 보일러의 열성능 테스트를 수행하기 위한 간단한 절차를 명시합니다. 테스트 결과는 연료의 총 열량 또는 순 열량을 기반으로 합니다. 이 간편한 절차는 열 역학적으로 간단한 즉, 주요 열원이 하나이고 수, 증기 또는 고온 열전달 유체를 위한 단순 회로가 있는 보일러를 평가하기 위한 편리한 수단을 제공합니다. 참고 1: 측정 오차가 간접 방법보다 3배에서 4배 더 크기 때문에 직접 방법의 사용은 권장되지 않습니다. 참고 2: 수용성 테스트는 다음과 같은 경우에 필요할 수 있습니다. a) 새로운 설비 가동 후 또는 수정된 설비 재가동 후 명세 또는 계약 의무 준수 여부를 검증하기 위해 b) 사용자가 루트 기반 또는 부하 변화나 다른 운전 조건 변경 또는 연료 변경 또는 설비 수정을 고려할 때 현재 설비 성능을 확인하고자 하는 경우 c) 연소 조건을 확인하고자 하는 경우 이 유럽 표준에 따른 정기적인 테스트는 연료 보전을 위한 최적 효율로 보일러 설비를 정상 운전 상태로 모니터링할 수 있게 합니다. 이 절차는 결로를 생성하는 보일러에는 해당하지 않습니다. 폐기 가스에서 열을 추출하는 보일러의 적용은 부록 B에 명시되어 있습니다.
記事タイトル：EN 12953-11:2003 - シェルボイラー - 第11部：受け入れテスト 記事内容：この欧州規格のこの部分では、蒸気または温水のためのボイラーの熱性能テストを行うための簡潔な手順が規定されています。テスト結果は、燃料の総発熱量または純発熱量に基づきます。 この簡潔な手順は、熱力学的に単純なボイラー、すなわち主要な熱入力源が1つであり、水、蒸気、または高温熱媒体の単純な回路を持つボイラーを評価するための便利な手段を提供します。 注1：測定誤差が間接法よりも3倍から4倍大きいため、直接法の使用は勧められません。 注2：受け入れテストは次の場合に必要となります。 a) 新しいプラントの稼働後、または改造されたプラントの再稼働後に、仕様または契約の義務遵守を検証するために b) ユーザーが定期的な基準に基づいてまたは負荷やその他の運転条件の変更により、現在のプラントのパフォーマンスを判断したい場合、または燃料の変更またはプラントの改修を検討している場合に c) 燃焼条件を確認したい場合 この欧州規格に準拠した定期的なテストにより、燃料節約のためにボイラープラントの最適な効率を通常の運転中に監視することができます。 この手順は凝縮ボイラーには適用されません。廃棄ガスから熱を抽出するボイラーの適用は付録Bに規定されています。
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