EN 71-1:2011

Safety of toys - Part 1: Mechanical and physical properties

This European Standard specifies requirements and methods of tests for mechanical and physical properties of toys.
This European Standard applies to toys for children, toys being any product or material designed or intended, whether or not exclusively, for use in play by children of less than 14 years. It refers to new toys taking into account the period of foreseeable and normal use, and that the toys are used as intended or in a foreseeable way, bearing in mind the behaviour of children.
It includes specific requirements for toys intended for children under 36 months, children under 18 months and for children who are too young to sit up unaided. According to Directive 2009/48/EC "intended for use by" means that a parent or supervisor shall reasonably be able to assume by virtue of the functions, dimensions and characteristics of a toy that it is intended for use by children of the stated age group. Therefore, for the purpose of this European Standard, e.g. soft-filled toys with simple features intended for holding and cuddling are considered as toys intended for children under 36 months.
NOTE   Information relating to the age grading of toys and, in particular, which toys are intended for children under
36 months and which toys are not, can be found in CEN Report CR 14379, the Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) Age determination guidelines, CEN/CENELEC Guide 11 and the European Commission’s Guidance Documents.
This European Standard also specifies requirements for packaging, marking and labelling.
This European Standard does not cover musical instruments, sports equipment or similar items but does include their toy counterparts.
This European Standard does not apply to the following toys:
-   playground equipment intended for public use;
-   automatic playing machines, whether coin operated or not, intended for public use;
-   toy vehicles equipped with combustion engines (see A.2);
-   toy steam engines;
-   slings and catapults.
Items that are propelled into free flight by a child releasing an elastic band (e.g. aeroplanes and rockets) are considered as catapults (see 5th indent above).
This European Standard does not cover electrical safety aspects of toys. These are covered by EN 62115.
Furthermore, it does not cover the following items which, for the purpose of this European Standard, are not considered as toys:
-   decorative objects for festivities and celebrations;
-   products for collectors, provided that the product or its packaging bears a visible and legible indication that it is intended for collectors of 14 years of age and above. Examples of this category are:
-   detailed and faithful scale models (see A.2);
-   kits for the assembly of detailed scale models;
-   folk dolls and decorative dolls and other similar articles;
-   historical replicas of toys;
-   reproductions of real fire arms;
-   sports equipment including roller skates, inline skates, and skateboards intended for children with a body mass of more than 20 kg;
-   bicycles with a maximum saddle height of more than 435 mm, measured as the vertical distance from the ground to the top of the seat surface, with the seat in a horizontal position and with the seat pillar set to the minimum insertion mark;
-   scooters and other means of transport designed for sport or which are intended to be used for travel on public roads or public pathways;
-   electrically driven vehicles which are intended to be used for travel on public roads, public pathways, or the pavement thereof;
-   aquatic equipment intended to be used in deep water, and swimming learning devices for children, such as swim seats and swimming aids;
-   puzzles with more than 500 pieces;
-   guns and pistols using compressed gas, with the exception of water guns and water pistols;
-   bows for archery over 120 cm long;
-   fireworks, including percussion caps which are not specifically designed for toys;
-   products and games using sharp-pointed missiles, such as sets of darts with metallic p

Sicherheit von Spielzeug - Teil 1: Mechanische und physikalische Eigenschaften

Diese Europäische Norm legt Anforderungen und Prüfverfahren für die mechanischen und physikalischen Eigenschaften von Spielzeug fest.
Diese Europäische Norm gilt für Kinderspielzeug, d. h. für alle Erzeugnisse oder Materialien, die — aus-schließlich oder nicht ausschließlich — konstruiert bzw. eindeutig dafür bestimmt sind, von Kindern unter 14 Jahren zum Spielen benutzt zu werden. Sie gilt für Spielzeug im Neuzustand, berücksichtigt jedoch sowohl die bei bestimmungsgemäßem bzw. vorhersehbarem Gebrauch vorhersehbare, übliche Benutzungsdauer als auch das kindgemäße Verhalten.
Sie enthält spezifische Anforderungen an Spielzeug für Kinder unter 36 Monaten, für Kinder unter 18 Monaten und für Kinder, die zu jung sind, um ohne Hilfe sitzen zu können. Entsprechend der Richtlinie 2009/48/EG bedeutet „zur Verwendung durch … bestimmt“, dass Eltern oder Aufsichtspersonen aufgrund der Funktion, Abmessungen und Eigenschaften eines Spielzeugs vernünftigerweise davon ausgehen können, dass es zur Verwendung durch Kinder der angegebenen Altersgruppe bestimmt ist. Spielzeug, z. B. mit weicher Füllung und einfachen Formen zum Halten und Kuscheln, wird deshalb für die Anwendung dieser Europäischen Norm als Spielzeug für Kinder unter 36 Monaten eingestuft.
ANMERKUNG   Informationen zur Alterseinstufung von Spielzeug und insbesondere welches Spielzeug für Kinder unter 36 Monaten vorgesehen bzw. nicht vorgesehen ist, enthalten CEN-Bericht CR 14379, die Leitlinien zur Altersbestimmung der US­amerikanischen Kommission für die Sicherheit von Verbraucherprodukten (CPSC, Consumer Product Safety Commission), CEN/CENELEC Guide 11 und die Leitliniendokumente der Europäischen Kommission.
Diese Europäische Norm legt ferner Anforderungen an Verpackung, Kennzeichnung und Beschriftung fest.
Diese Europäische Norm behandelt keine Musikinstrumente, Sportgeräte oder Ähnliches, schließt jedoch deren entsprechende Spielzeugvarianten ein.
Diese Europäische Norm gilt nicht für folgendes Spielzeug:
-   Spielplatzgeräte, die für die öffentliche Nutzung bestimmt sind;
-   Spielautomaten, ob münzbetrieben oder nicht, die für die öffentlichen Nutzung bestimmt sind;
-   mit Verbrennungsmotoren ausgerüstete Spielzeugfahrzeuge (siehe A.2);
-   Spielzeugdampfmaschinen;
-   Schleudern und Katapulte.
Gegenstände, die von einem Kind mit Hilfe eines Gummibands zum Fliegen gebracht werden können (z. B. Flugzeuge und Raketen) werden als Katapulte angesehen (siehe oben stehenden 5. Anstrich).
Aspekte der elektrotechnischen Sicherheit des Spielzeuges werden in dieser Europäischen Norm nicht erfasst. Diese sind Inhalt von EN 62115.
Außerdem werden folgende Erzeugnisse, die für die Anwendung dieser Europäischen Norm nicht als Spiel-zeug gelten, nicht behandelt:
-   dekorative Gegenstände für festliche Anlässe und Feierlichkeiten;
-   Produkte für Sammler, sofern auf dem Produkt oder seiner Verpackung ein sichtbarer und leserlicher Hinweis angebracht ist, wonach das Produkt für Sammler, die mindestens 14 Jahre alt sind, bestimmt ist. Zu dieser Kategorie gehören:
-   original- und maßstabsgetreue Kleinmodelle (siehe A.2);
-   Bausätze von original- und maßstabsgetreuen Kleinmodellen;
-   Folklore  und Dekorationspuppen und ähnliche Artikel;
-   Nachbildungen von historischem Spielzeug;
-   Nachahmungen echter Schusswaffen;
-   Sportgeräte, einschließlich Rollschuhe, Inlineskates und Skateboards für Kinder mit einem Körper¬gewicht über 20 kg;
-   Fahrräder mit einer maximalen Sattelhöhe von mehr als 435 mm, gemessen als vertikaler Abstand vom Boden bis hin zum oberen Teil der Sitzfläche, mit dem Sitz in horizontaler Position und mit dem Sitz-kissen in seiner kleinsten Einraststellung;
-   Roller und andere Fortbewegungsmittel, die als Sportgeräte konzipiert sind oder die für die Fortbewegung auf öffentlichen Straßen oder öffentlichen Wegen bestimmt sind;

Sécurité des jouets - Partie 1: Propriétés mécaniques et physiques

mécaniques et physiques des jouets.
La présente Norme européenne s’applique aux jouets pour enfants ; on entend par « jouet » tout produit
conçu ou destiné, exclusivement ou non, à être utilisé à des fins de jeux par des enfants de moins de 14 ans.
Il fait référence à des jouets neufs et en tenant compte de la durée d’utilisation normale et prévisible et de
conditions normales ou prévisibles d’utilisation des jouets, eu égard au comportement des enfants.
Elle comporte des exigences spécifiques pour les jouets destinés aux enfants de moins de 36 mois, aux
enfants de moins de 18 mois et à ceux qui sont trop jeunes pour s’asseoir tout seuls. Conformément à la
Directive 2009/48/CE, « destiné à être utilisé par » signifie que les parents ou la personne chargée de la
surveillance doivent pouvoir raisonnablement déduire des fonctions, dimensions et caractéristiques d’un jouet
que celui-ci est destiné à être utilisé par des enfants de la catégorie d’âge indiquée. Par conséquent, pour les
besoins de la présente Norme européenne, les jouets souples rembourrés avec fonctions simples à tenir et
câliner, par exemple, sont considérés comme des jouets destinés aux enfants de moins de 36 mois.
NOTE Pour des informations relatives à la catégorie d’âge des jouets et, en particulier, quels jouets sont destinés
aux enfants de moins de 36 mois et lesquels ne le sont pas, se reporter rapport CEN CR 14379, aux lignes directrices de
la Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) relatives à la détermination de l’âge, au Guide 11 du CEN/CENELEC et
aux documents de recommandations de la Commission européenne.
La présente Norme européenne spécifie également des exigences relatives à l’emballage, au marquage et
à l’étiquetage.
Elle ne traite pas des instruments de musique, des équipements de sports ou autres produits semblables
mais elle concerne leurs contreparties en jouet.
Elle ne s’applique pas aux jouets suivants :
⎯ les équipements pour aires collectives de jeu destinées à une utilisation publique ;
⎯ les machines de jeu automatiques, à pièces ou non, destinées à une utilisation publique ;
⎯ les véhicules de jeu équipés de moteurs à combustion (voir A.2) ;
⎯ les jouets machine à vapeur ;
⎯ les frondes et lance-pierres.
Les éléments propulsés en vol libre par l’enfant en lâchant un élastique (par exemple, les avions et les
fusées) sont considérés comme des frondes (voir le cinquième tiret ci-dessus).
La présente Norme européenne ne traite pas de l’aspect de sécurité électrique des jouets, qui fait l’objet de
l’EN 62115.
En outre, elle ne traite pas des articles qui, pour les besoins de la présente Norme européenne, ne sont pas
considérés comme des jouets :
⎯ les objets décoratifs servant aux fêtes et célébrations ;
⎯ les produits destinés à des collectionneurs, à condition que le produit ou son emballage indique de façon
visible et lisible qu’il est destiné aux collectionneurs âgés d’au moins 14 ans. Exemples de produits
appartenant à cette catégorie :
⎯ les modèles réduits à l’identique, construits à l’échelle en détail (voir A.2) ;

Varnost igrač - 1. del: Mehanske in fizikalne lastnosti

Ta evropski standard določa zahteve in metode za preskuse mehanskih in fizikalnih lastnosti igrač.
Ta evropski standard velja za igrače za otroke, igrače, ki so kateri koli proizvod ali material, zasnovan ali namenjen, izključno ali ne, za uporabo pri igri otrok, mlajših od 14 let. Nanaša se na nove igrače ob upoštevanju obdobja predvidene in običajne uporabe ter tega, da se igrače uporabljajo v skladu z namembnostjo ali predvideno, upoštevajoč vedenje otrok.
Vključuje posebne zahteve za igrače otrok, mlajših od 36 mesecev, otrok, mlajših od 18 mesecev, in otrok, ki so premajhni, da bi brez pomoči sedeli pokonci. V skladu z Direktivo 2009/48/ES »namenjen za uporabo« pomeni, da eden od staršev ali nadzornik glede na funkcije, dimenzije in lastnosti igrače razumno domneva, da je primeren za uporabo pri otrocih navedene starostne skupine. Zato se za ta evropski standard, npr. mehko polnjene igrače preprostih oblik, narejene za prijemanje in objemanje, štejejo za igrače, namenjene otrokom, mlajšim od 36 mesecev.
OPOMBA: Informacije, ki se nanašajo na starostno razvrščanje igrač in še zlasti na to, katere igrače so namenjene otrokom, mlajšim od 36 mesecev, in katere ne, lahko najdete v poročilu CEN CR 14379, v smernicah za določevanje starosti Komisije za varnost potrošniških izdelkov (CPSC), v vodilu 11 CEN/CENELEC in v dokumentih z navodili Evropske komisije.
Ta evropski standard prav tako določa zahteve za pakiranje, označevanje in opremljanje z nalepkami.
Ta evropski standard ne zajema glasbenih inštrumentov, športne opreme ali podobnih predmetov; vključuje jih le, če so igrače v tej obliki.
Ta evropski standard ne velja za naslednje igrače:
 oprema na igriščih za javno uporabo;
 avtomatski igralni aparati, ki delujejo na kovance ali ne, namenjeni javni uporabi;
– vozila kot igrače, opremljena z motorji z notranjim izgorevanjem (glej A.2);
 parni stroji kot igrače;
 frače in katapulti.
Predmeti, ki jih v prosti let požene otrok, tako da sprosti elastiko (npr. letala in rakete), se štejejo za katapulte (glej peto alinejo zgoraj).
Ta evropski standard ne zajema vidikov električne varnosti igrač. Ti so zajeti v EN 62115.

General Information

• Status: Withdrawn
• Publication Date: 07-Jun-2011
• Withdrawal Date: 24-Sep-2013
• ICS: 97.200.50 - Toys
• Technical Committee: CEN/TC 52 - Safety of toys
• Drafting Committee: CEN/TC 52/WG 3 - Safety of toys - Mechanical, physical and general properties
• Current Stage: 9960 - Withdrawal effective - Withdrawal
• Start Date: 25-Sep-2013
• Completion Date: 25-Sep-2013
• Directive: 2009/48/EC - DIRECTIVE 2009/48/EC OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL of 18 June 2009 on the safety of toys
• Mandate: M/445 - Standardisation mandate addressed to CEN and CENELEC within the framework of Directive 2009/48/EC revising Directive 88/378/EEC concerning the safety of Toys
• Ref Project: SIST EN 71-1:2011 - Safety of toys - Part 1: Mechanical and physical properties

Relations

• Replaces: EN 71-1:2005+A14:2011 - Safety of toys - Part 1: Mechanical and physical properties
• Effective Date: 08-Jun-2022
• Merged Into: EN 71-1:2011+A2:2013 - Safety of toys - Part 1: Mechanical and physical properties
• Effective Date: 24-Jul-2013
• Amended By: EN 71-1:2011/FprA3 - Safety of toys - Part 1: Mechanical and physical properties
• Effective Date: 11-Jan-2012
• Amended By: EN 71-1:2011/FprA2 - Safety of toys - Part 1: Mechanical and physical properties
• Effective Date: 26-Nov-2011
• Amended By: EN 71-1:2011/FprA1 - Safety of toys - Part 1: Mechanical and physical properties
• Effective Date: 26-Nov-2011
• Revised: EN 71-1:2005+A9:2009 - Safety of toys - Part 1: Mechanical and physical properties
• Effective Date: 09-Jan-2010

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-julij-2011
1DGRPHãþD
SIST EN 71-1:2006+A14:2011
9DUQRVWLJUDþGHO0HKDQVNHLQIL]LNDOQHODVWQRVWL
Safety of toys - Part 1: Mechanical and physical properties
Sicherheit von Spielzeug - Teil 1: Mechanische und physikalische Eigenschaften
Sécurité des jouets - Partie 1: Propriétés mécaniques et physiques
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 71-1:2011
ICS:
97.200.50 ,JUDþH Toys
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN 71-1
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
June 2011
ICS 97.200.50 Supersedes EN 71-1:2005+A14:2011
English Version
Safety of toys - Part 1: Mechanical and physical properties
Sécurité des jouets - Partie 1: Propriétés mécaniques et Sicherheit von Spielzeug - Teil 1: Mechanische und
physiques physikalische Eigenschaften
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 25 May 2011.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same
status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland,
Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.

EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2011 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 71-1:2011: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
Foreword .7
Introduction .8
1 Scope (see A.2) .9
2 Normative references . 11
3 Terms and definitions . 12
4 General requirements . 19
4.1 Material cleanliness (see A.3) . 19
4.2 Assembly (see A.4) . 19
4.3 Flexible plastic sheeting (see A.5 and A.16) . 19
4.4 Toy bags . 20
4.5 Glass (see 5.7 and A.6) . 20
4.6 Expanding materials (see A.7) . 20
4.7 Edges (see A.8) . 20
4.8 Points and metallic wires (see A.9) . 21
4.9 Protruding parts (see A.10) . 21
4.10 Parts moving against each other . 22
4.10.1 Folding and sliding mechanisms (see A.11) . 22
4.10.2 Driving mechanisms (see A.12) . 23
4.10.3 Hinges (see A.13) . 24
4.10.4 Springs (see A.14). 24
4.11 Mouth-actuated toys and other toys intended to be put in the mouth (see A.15) . 24
4.12 Balloons (see 4.3 and A.16) . 25
4.13 Cords of toy kites and other flying toys (see A.17) . 25
4.14 Enclosures . 25
4.14.1 Toys which a child can enter (see A.18) . 25
4.14.2 Masks and helmets (see A.19) . 26
4.15 Toys intended to bear the mass of a child (see A.20) . 26
4.15.1 Toys propelled by a child or by other means . 26
4.15.2 Toy bicycles (see A.20) . 31
4.15.3 Rocking horses and similar toys (see A.21) . 31
4.15.4 Toys not propelled by a child . 32
4.15.5 Toy scooters (see A.49) . 33
4.16 Heavy immobile toys . 34
4.17 Projectiles (see A.22) . 34
4.17.1 General . 34
4.17.2 Projectile toys without stored energy. 35
4.17.3 Projectile toys with stored energy . 35
4.17.4 Bows and arrows . 35
4.18 Aquatic toys and inflatable toys (see A.23) . 36
4.19 Percussion caps specifically designed for use in toys and toys using percussion caps
(see A.24) . 36
4.20 Acoustics (see A.25) . 36
4.21 Toys containing a non-electrical heat source . 37
4.22 Small balls (see 5.10 and A.48) . 37
4.23 Magnets (see A.51) . 38
4.23.1 General . 38
4.23.2 Toys other than magnetic/electrical experimental sets intended for children over 8 years. 38
4.23.3 Magnetic/electrical experimental sets intended for children over 8 years . 38
4.24 Yo-yo balls (see A.52) . 38
4.25 Toys attached to food (see A.55) . 39
5 Toys intended for children under 36 months . 39
5.1 General requirements (see A.26) . 39
5.2 Soft-filled toys and soft-filled parts of a toy (see A.27) . 40
5.3 Plastic sheeting (see A.28) . 41
5.4 Cords, chains and electrical cables in toys (see A.29) . 41
5.5 Liquid-filled toys (see A.30) . 42
5.6 Speed limitation of electrically-driven ride-on toys . 43
5.7 Glass and porcelain (see 4.5 and A.6) . 43
5.8 Shape and size of certain toys (see A.31) . 43
5.9 Toys comprising monofilament fibres (see A.32) . 43
5.10 Small balls (see also 4.22 and A.48) . 43
5.11 Play figures . 44
5.12 Hemispheric-shaped toys (see A.50) . 44
5.13 Suction cups (see A.54) . 47
5.14 Straps intended to be worn fully or partially around the neck (see A.53) . 47
6 Packaging (see A.56) . 47
7 Warnings, markings and instructions for use (see A.33) . 48
7.1 General . 49
7.2 Toys not intended for children under 36 months (see 4.22 and A.34) . 49
7.3 Latex balloons (see 4.12 and A.16) . 51
7.4 Aquatic toys (see 4.18 and A.23) . 51
7.5 Functional toys (see A.35) . 51
7.6 Hazardous sharp functional edges and points (see 4.7 and 4.8) . 51
7.7 Projectiles (see 4.17.3 c) and 4.17.4 c)) . 51
7.7.1 Toys with projectiles which are able to discharge an object other than that provided with
the toy . 51
7.7.2 Toys capable of discharging a projectile with a kinetic energy greater than 0,08 J . 51
7.8 Imitation protective masks and helmets (see 4.14.2 and A.19) . 52
7.9 Toy kites (see 4.13) . 52
7.10 Roller skates, inline skates, skateboards and certain other ride-on toys (see 4.15.1.2 and
A.20) . 52
7.10.1 Roller skates, inline skates and skateboards . 52
7.10.2 Ride-on toys without a braking device . 52
7.10.3 Electrically-driven ride-on toys . 52
7.10.4 Instructions for use . 52
7.11 Toys intended to be attached to or strung across a cradle, cot, or perambulator (see
5.4 f)) . 53
7.12 Liquid-filled teethers (see 5.5) . 53
7.13 Percussion caps specifically designed for use in toys (see 4.19) . 53
7.14 Acoustics (see 4.19 and 4.20 f)) . 53
7.15 Toy bicycles (see 4.15.2.2) . 53
7.16 Toys intended to bear the mass of a child (see 4.10.1, 4.15.1.2, 4.15.2.2, 4.15.3 and 4.15.4) . 54
7.17 Toys comprising monofilament fibres (see 5.9) . 54
7.18 Toy scooters (see 4.15.5.2) . 54
7.19 Rocking horses and similar toys (see 4.15.3 and A.21) . 54
7.20 Magnetic/electrical experimental sets (see 4.23.3 and A.51) . 55
7.21 Toys with electrical cables exceeding 300 mm in length (see 5.4 i)) . 55
7.22 Toys with cords or chains intended for children of 18 months and over but under 36
months (see 5.4 b), 5.4 c) and 5.4 g)) . 55
8 Test methods . 55
8.1 General requirements for testing . 55
8.2 Small parts cylinder (see 4.6, 4.11, 4.18, 4.23.2, 4.23.3, 4.25, 5.1, 5.2 and A.36) . 55
8.3 Torque test (see 4.6, 4.11, 4.14.2, 4.17, 4.18, 4.22, 4.23.2, 4.25, 5.1, 5.10, 5.12, 5.13 and
Clause 6) . 56
8.4 Tension test (see A.37) . 57
8.4.1 Apparatus . 57
8.4.2 Procedure . 57
8.5 Drop test (see 4.5, 4.6, 4.10.2, 4.14.2, 4.22, 4.23.2, 4.25, 5.1, 5.10, 5.12 and 5.13) . 59
8.6 Tip over test (see 4.10.2, 4.22, 4.23.2, 5.1, 5.10, 5.12 and 5.13) . 59
8.7 Impact test (see 4.5, 4.6, 4.10.2, 4.14.2, 4.22, 4.23.2, 4.25, 5.1, 5.10, 5.12, 5.13 and A.38) . 60
8.8 Compression test (see 4.6, 4.14.2, 4.22, 4.23.2, 4.25, 5.1, 5.10, 5.12, 5.13 and A.39) . 60
8.9 Soaking test (see 4.11, 4.23.2, 5.1, 5.10 and 5.12) . 60
8.10 Accessibility of a part or component (see 4.5, 4.7, 4.8, 4.10.2, 4.10.4, 4.15.1.3, 4.21, 5.2 and
5.7) . 61
8.10.1 Principle . 61
8.10.2 Apparatus . 61
8.10.3 Procedure . 61
8.11 Sharpness of edges (see 4.5, 4.7, 4.9, 4.10.2, 4.14.2, 4.15.1.3 and 5.1) . 62
8.11.1 Principle . 62
8.11.2 Apparatus . 63
8.11.3 Procedure . 64
8.12 Sharpness of points (see 4.5, 4.8, 4.9, 4.10.2, 4.14.2, 4.15.1.3, 5.1 and A.40) . 64
8.12.1 Principle . 64
8.12.2 Apparatus . 64
8.12.3 Procedure . 65
8.13 Flexibility of metallic wires (see 4.8 and A.41) . 66
8.13.1 General . 66
8.13.2 Metallic wires and other metallic components intended to be bent . 66
8.13.3 Metallic wires likely to be bent . 66
8.14 Expanding materials (see 4.6) . 66
8.15 Leakage of liquid-filled toys (see 5.5 and A.42) . 67
8.16 Geometric shape of certain toys (see 5.8, 5.11 and A.43) . 67
8.17 Durability of mouth-actuated toys (see 4.11 and A.44) . 68
8.17.1 Mouth-actuated projectile toys . 68
8.17.2 Other mouth-actuated toys . 68
8.18 Folding or sliding mechanisms (see 4.10.1 and A.45) . 69
8.18.1 Loads . 69
8.18.2 Toy pushchairs and perambulators . 70
8.18.3 Other collapsible toys (see 4.10.1 c)) . 70
8.19 Electric resistivity of cords (see 4.13) . 70
8.20 Cords cross-sectional dimension (see 5.4 a)) . 71
8.21 Static strength (see 4.15.1.3, 4.15.1.5, 4.15.3, 4.15.4 and A.46) . 71
8.22 Dynamic strength (see 4.15.1.3) . 72
8.22.1 Principle . 72
8.22.2 Loads . 72
8.22.3 Procedure . 73
8.23 Stability . 75
8.23.1 Toys intended to bear the mass of a child (see 4.15.1.4, 4.15.3 and 4.15.4) . 75
8.23.2 Heavy immobile toys (see 4.16) . 75
8.24 Determination of kinetic energy (see A.47) . 76
8.24.1 Kinetic energy of projectiles (see 4.17.3) . 76
8.24.2 Kinetic energy of bows and arrows (see 4.17.4) . 76
8.25 Plastic sheeting. 76
8.25.1 Thickness (see 4.3, 5.3 and Clause 6) . 76
8.25.2 Adhesion (see 5.3) . 76
8.26 Brake performance . 77
8.26.1 Brake performance for certain ride-on toys (see 4.15.1.5) . 77
8.26.2 Brake performance for toy bicycles (see 4.15.2.3) . 77
8.26.3 Brake performance for toy scooters (see 4.15.5.5) . 77
8.27 Strength of toy scooter steering tubes (see 4.15.5.3) . 78
8.27.1 Resistance to downward forces . 78
8.27.2 Resistance to upward forces . 79
8.28 Determination of emission sound pressure levels (see 4.20) . 79
8.28.1 Installation and mounting conditions . 79
8.28.2 Measurement procedure . 81
8.29 Determination of maximum design speed of electrically-driven ride-on toys (see 4.15.1.2,
4.15.1.5, 4.15.1.8 and 5.6) . 86
8.30 Measurement of temperature rises (see 4.21) . 86
8.31 Toy chest lids (see 4.14.1 c)) . 86
8.31.1 General . 86
8.31.2 Lid support . 86
8.31.3 Durability test for vertically opening hinged lids . 87
8.32 Small balls and suction cups test (see 4.17, 4.22, 4.25, 5.10 and 5.13) . 87
8.32.1 Small balls and suction cups (see Clause 6) . 87
8.32.2 Small balls attached to a toy by a cord . 87
8.33 Test for play figures (see 5.11) . 88
8.34 Tension test for magnets (see 4.23.2 and A.51) . 88
8.34.1 General . 88
8.34.2 Toys that contain more than one magnet or magnetic component . 89
8.34.3 Toys that contain one magnet only . 89
8.35 Magnetic flux index (see 4.23.2 and 4.23.3) . 89
8.35.1 General . 89
8.35.2 Apparatus . 89
8.35.3 Procedure . 90
8.35.4 Calculation of magnetic flux index . 90
8.36 Perimeter of cords and chains (see 5.4 c) and 5.4 d)) . 91
8.36.1 Test equipment . 91
8.36.2 Test procedures . 92
8.37 Yo-yo balls measurements (see 4.24) . 96
8.37.1 Measurement of initial length l . 96
8.37.2 Measurement of elastic constant k . 96
8.38 Breakaway feature separation test (see 5.4 b), 5.4 c) and 5.14) . 97
8.39 Self-retracting cords (see 5.4 e)) . 98
8.40 Length of cords, chains and electrical cables (see 5.4 b), 5.4 c), 5.4 g), 5.4 h) and 5.4 i)) . 98
Annex A (informative) Background and rationale for this European Standard . 99
A.1 General . 99
A.2 Scope (see Clause 1) . 99
A.3 Material cleanliness (see 4.1) . 99
A.4 Assembly (see 4.2) . 100
A.5 Flexible plastic sheeting (see 4.3) . 100
A.6 Glass (see 4.5 and 5.7) . 100
A.7 Expanding materials (see 4.6) . 100
A.8 Edges (see 4.7) . 100
A.9 Points and metallic wires (see 4.8) . 101
A.10 Protruding parts (see 4.9) . 101
A.11 Folding and sliding mechanisms (see 4.10.1) . 102
A.12 Driving mechanisms (see 4.10.2) . 102
A.13 Hinges (see 4.10.3) . 102
A.14 Springs (see 4.10.4) . 103
A.15 Mouth-actuated toys and other toys intended to be put in the mouth (see 4.11) . 103
A.16 Balloons (see 4.3, 4.12 and 7.3) . 103
A.17 Cords of toy kites (see 4.13) . 104
A.18 Toys which a child can enter (see 4.14.1) . 104
A.19 Masks and helmets (see 4.14.2 and 7.8) . 104
A.20 Toys intended to bear the mass of a child (see 4.15 and 7.10). 104
A.21 Rocking horses and similar toys (see 4.15.3) . 105
A.22 Projectiles (see 4.17) . 106
A.23 Aquatic toys and inflatable toys (see 4.18 and 7.4) . 106
A.24 Percussion caps specifically designed for use in toys and toys using percussion caps
(see 4.19) . 106
A.25 Acoustics (see 4.20) . 107
A.26 General requirements for toys intended for children under 36 months (see 5.1) . 107
A.27 Soft-filled toys and soft-filled parts of a toy (see 5.2) . 108
A.28 Adhesion of plastic sheeting (see 5.3) . 108
A.29 Cords and chains in toys (see 5.4). 108
A.30 Liquid-filled toys (see 5.5 and A.42). 110
A.31 Shape and size of certain toys (see 5.8 and A.43) . 111
A.32 Toys comprising monofilament fibres (see 5.9) . 111
A.33 Warnings, markings and instructions for use (see 7.1) . 111
A.34 Warning for toys not intended for children under 36 months (see 7.2) . 111
A.35 Warnings in connection with functional toys (see 7.5) . 111
A.36 Small parts cylinder (see 8.2) . 112
A.37 Tension test (see 8.4) . 112
A.38 Impact test (see 8.7) . 112
A.39 Compression test (see 8.8) . 112
A.40 Sharpness of points (see 8.12) . 112
A.41 Flexibility of metallic wires (see 8.13) . 112
A.42 Leakage of liquid-filled teethers (see 8.15 and A.30) . 112
A.43 Geometric shape of certain toys (see 8.16 and A.31) . 113
A.44 Durability of mouth-actuated toys (see 8.17) . 113
A.45 Folding or sliding mechanisms (see 8.18) . 113
A.46 Static strength (see 8.21) . 113
A.47 Kinetic energy of projectiles, bows and arrows (see 8.24) . 113
A.48 Small balls (see 4.22 and 5.10) . 113
A.49 Toy scooters (see 4.15.5) . 115
A.50 Hemispheric-shaped toys (see 5.12). 115
A.51 Magnets (see 4.23) . 115
A.52 Yo-yo balls (see 4.24) . 117
A.53 Straps intended to be worn fully or partially around the neck (see 5.14) . 121
A.54 Suction cups (see 5.13) . 121
A.55 Toys attached to food (see 4.25) . 121
A.56 Packaging (see Clause 6) . 121
Annex B (informative) Significant technical changes between this European Standard and the
previous version . 124
Annex ZA (informative) Clauses of this European Standard addressing essential requirements or
other provisions of EU Directives . 126
Bibliography . 128

Foreword
This document (EN 71-1:2011) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 52 “Safety of toys”, the
secretariat of which is held by DS.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical
text or by endorsement, at the latest by December 2011, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn
at the latest by December 2011.
This document supersedes EN 71-1:2005+A14:2011.
Annex B provides details of significant technical changes between this European Standard and the previous
edition.
This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission
and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive 2009/48/EC.
For relationship with EU Directive 2009/48/EC, see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this
European Standard.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This European Standard constitutes the first part of the European Standard on safety of toys.
This European Standard for safety of toys consists of the following parts:
 Part 1: Mechanical and physical properties
 Part 2: Flammability
 Part 3: Migration of certain elements
 Part 4: Experimental sets for chemistry and related activities
 Part 5: Chemical toys (sets) other than experimental sets
 Part 7: Finger paints — Requirements and test methods
 Part 8: Activity toys for domestic use
 Part 9: Organic chemical compounds — Requirements
 Part 10: Organic chemical compounds — Sample preparation and extraction
 Part 11: Organic chemical compounds — Methods of analysis
NOTE 1 In addition to the above parts of EN 71, the following guidance documents have been published: CEN Report,
CR 14379, Classification of toys - Guidelines, CEN Technical Report CEN/TR 15071, Safety of toys - National translations
of warnings and instructions for use in EN 71, and CEN Technical Report CEN/TR 15371, Safety of toys – Replies to
requests for interpretation of EN 71-1, EN 71-2, and EN 71-8.
NOTE 2 Different legal requirements may exist in non-EU countries.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain,
Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
Introduction
This European Standard aims at reducing as far as possible those hazards which are not evident to users; it
does not cover inherent hazards (e.g. instability of two-wheeled scooters, sharp needles in a sewing kit etc.)
that are obvious to children or the persons in charge of them. Assuming that the toys are used in the intended
manner they should not present any further hazard to children for whom they are intended (according to
Directive 2009/48/EC “intended for use by” means that a parent or supervisor shall reasonably be able to
assume by virtue of the functions, dimensions and characteristics of a toy that it is intended for use by children
of the stated age group”). Allowance should also be made for foreseeable use, bearing in mind the behaviour
of children who do not generally share the same degree of care as the average adult user.
As a general rule, toys are designed and manufactured for particular ages of children. Their characteristics are
related to the age and stage of development of the children, and their use presupposes certain aptitudes.
Accidents are frequently due to a toy either being given to a child for whom it is not intended, or being used for
a purpose other than that for which it was designed. Great care should therefore be taken when choosing a
toy or game; account should be taken of the mental and physical development of the child who will be using it.
The requirements of this European Standard do not release parents or carers from their responsibility of
watching over the child while he or she is playing.
1 Scope (see A.2)
This European Standard specifies requirements and methods of tests for mechanical and physical properties
of toys.
This European Standard applies to toys for children, toys being any product or material designed or intended,
whether or not exclusively, for use in play by children of less than 14 years. It refers to new toys taking into
account the period of foreseeable and normal use, and that the toys are used as intended or in a foreseeable
way, bearing in mind the behaviour of children.
It includes specific requirements for toys intended for children under 36 months, children under 18 months and
for children who are too young to sit up unaided. According to Directive 2009/48/EC “intended for use by”
means that a par
...