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CEN

EN 815:1996+A2:2008

(Main)

Safety of unshielded tunnel boring machines and rodless shaft boring machines for rock - Safety requirements

Safety of unshielded tunnel boring machines and rodless shaft boring machines for rock - Safety requirements

1.1   Field of application
This standard is applicable to unshieldsed tunnel boring machines, TBM's, and rodless shaft boring machines, SBM's, and their towed or attached back-up equipment for driving tunnels or shafts in rock where the whole area is excavated in one or more steps by mechanical means. It specifies essential safety requirements for the design, construction and maintenance of such machines when used in non-explosive atmosphere together with the methods of verification. The standard specifies monitoring for hazardous atmosphere.
For TBM's and SBM's which are to be used continuously in explosive atmosphere, additional relevant standards also apply.
This European Standard deals with all significant hazards pertinent to unshielded tunnel boring machines and rodless shaft boring machines for rock, when they are used as intended and under the conditions foreseen by the manufacturer (see clause 4). This European Standard specifies the appropriate technical measures to eliminate or reduce risks arising from the significant hazards.
1.2   Description of the machines
The general term "unshielded tunnel boring machines" encompasses various kinds of machines for mechanical excavation of underground openings such as tunnels and inclined shafts. This is done in a continuous process, without blasting, using a rotating cutter head.
Depending on the hardness of the material being excavated, tools of different types are used to cut the rock. Normally, rolling discs are employed in medium to very hard rock. All tunnel boring machines, TBM's, and rodless shaft boring machines, SBM's, have the tools mounted on a cutter head which rotates under thrust against the rock. The torque required to rotate the cutter head is developed by electric or hydraulic motors and the thrust is normally delivered by hydraulically powered cylinders.
The torque and thrust reactions created by a TBM or SBM have to be resisted by anchoring the complete machine inside the bore itself by means

Sicherheit von Tunnelbohrmaschinen ohne Schild und gestängelosen Schachtbohrmaschinen zum Einsatz in Fels - Sicherheitsanforderungen

1.1   Anwendungsbereich
Diese Norm gilt für Tunnelbohrmaschinen ohne Schild, TBM genannt, gestängelose Schachtbohrmaschinen, SBM genannt, und deren gezogene oder mit ihnen verbundene Nachläufer, zum Vortrieb von Tunneln oder Schächten in Fels, bei denen der gesamte Querschnitt in einem oder mehreren Schritten mechanisch abgebaut wird. Die Norm spezifiziert notwendige Sicherheitsanforderungen in Bezug auf Konstruktion, Fertigung und Wartung solcher Maschinen, wenn sie in nicht explosionsgefährdeten Bereichen eingesetzt werden, zusammen mit den Methoden der Verifizierung. Die Norm spezifiziert die Überwachung gefährlicher Atmosphären.
Für TBM und SBM, die kontinuierlich in explosionsgefährdeten Bereichen eingesetzt werden sollen, gelten entsprechende Normen zusätzlich.
Diese Europäische Norm behandelt alle signifikanten Gefährdungen, die auf Tunnelbohrmaschinen ohne Schild und gestängelose Schachtbohrmaschinen zum Einsatz in Fels zutreffen, wenn sie bestimmungsgemäß und entsprechend den Empfehlungen des Herstellers verwendet werden (siehe Abschnitt 4). Diese Euro-päische Norm spezifiziert die entsprechenden technischen Maßnahmen zur Eliminierung oder Reduzierung der Risiken, die von den signifikanten Gefährdungen ausgehen.
1.2   Beschreibung der Maschinen
Der allgemeine Begriff „Tunnelbohrmaschinen ohne Schild“ umfasst unterschiedliche Arten von Maschinen für mechanisches Auffahren unterirdischer Hohlräume, wie z. B. Tunnel oder Schrägschächte. Dies wird in einem praktisch kontinuierlichen Vorgang ohne Sprengarbeit erreicht durch Verwendung eines rotierenden Bohr-kopfes.
Abhängig von der Härte des abzutragenden Gesteins werden unterschiedliche Werkzeuge verwendet um das Gestein zu schneiden. Normalerweise werden in mittelhartem bis sehr hartem Gestein Schneidrollen verwendet. (....)

Sécurité de tunneliers sans bouclier et des machines foreuses pour puits sans tige de traction - Exigences de sécurité

La présente Norme européenne s'applique aux tunneliers sans bouclier (TBM), aux machines foreuses pour puits sans tige de traction (SBM) et aux trains suiveurs remorqués ou attelés ou à leurs composants, pour creuser dans le rocher des tunnels ou des puits dont la pleine section est excavée en une ou plusieurs phases par des moyens mécaniques. Elle précise les prescriptions essentielles de sécurité pour la conception, la construction et la maintenance de telles machines lorsqu'elles ne sont pas utilisées en atmosphère explosible, en même temps que les méthodes de vérification. La norme spécifie la surveillance des atmosphères dangereuses.
Pour les TBM et SBM utilisés en permanence en atmosphère explosible, les normes pertinentes s'appliquent complémentairement.
La présente Norme européenne traite tous les phénomènes dangereux significatifs relatifs aux tunneliers sans bouclier et aux machines foreuses pour puits sans tige de traction, lorsqu’elles sont utilisées normalement et dans les conditions prévues par le constructeur (voir Article 4). Cette Norme européenne spécifie les mesures techniques appropriées pour éliminer ou réduire les risques dus aux phénomènes dangereux significatifs.

Varnost strojev za vrtanje predorov (TBM) in jaškov (SBM) v kamnini - Varnostne zahteve

General Information

Status
Withdrawn
Publication Date
09-Sep-2008
Withdrawal Date
20-May-2014
ICS
91.220 - Construction equipment
93.060 - Tunnel construction
Technical Committee
CEN/TC 151 - Construction equipment and building material machines - Safety
Drafting Committee
CEN/TC 151/WG 4 - Tunnelling machines - Safety
Current Stage
9960 - Withdrawal effective - Withdrawal
Start Date
21-May-2014
Completion Date
21-May-2014
Directive
2006/42/EC - Directive 2006/42/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 17 May 2006 on machinery, and amending Directive 95/16/EC (recast)
98/37/EC - Machinery
Mandate
M/079 - Mandate to CEN and CENELEC for standardization in the field of machines
M/396 - Mandate to CEN and Cenelec for standardisation in the field of machinery
Ref Project
SIST EN 815:2000+A2:2008 - Safety of unshielded tunnel boring machines and rodless shaft boring machines for rock - Safety requirements

Relations

Merged From
EN 815:1996/A1:2005 - Safety of unshielded tunnel boring machines and rodless shaft boring machines for rock
Effective Date
19-Jan-2023
Merged From
EN 815:1996 - Safety of unshielded tunnel boring machines and rodless shaft boring machines for rock
Effective Date
18-Jan-2023
Replaced By
EN 16191:2014 - Tunnelling machinery - Safety requirements
Effective Date
10-Oct-2009

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SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-december-2008
Varnost strojev za vrtanje predorov (TBM) in jaškov (SBM) v kamnini - Varnostne
zahteve
Safety of unshielded tunnel boring machines and rodless shaft boring machines for rock -
Safety requirements
Sicherheit von Tunnelbohrmaschinen ohne Schild und gestängelosen
Schachtbohrmaschinen zum Einsatz in Fels - Sicherheitsanforderungen
Sécurité de tunneliers sans bouclier et des machines foreuses pour puits sans tige de
traction - Exigences de sécurité
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 815:1996+A2:2008
ICS:
91.220 Gradbena oprema Construction equipment
93.060 Gradnja predorov Tunnel construction
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN 815:1996+A2
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
September 2008
ICS 91.220; 93.060 Supersedes EN 815:1996
English Version
Safety of unshielded tunnel boring machines and rodless shaft
boring machines for rock - Safety requirements
Sécurité de tunneliers sans boucliers et des machines Sicherheit von Tunnelbohrmaschinen ohne Schild und
foreuses pour puits sans tige de traction - Exigences de gestängelosen Schachtbohrmaschinen zum Einsatz in Fels
sécurité - Sicherheitsanforderungen
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 5 August 1996 and includes Amendment 1 approved by CEN on 22 December 2004
and Amendment 2 approved by CEN on 9 July 2008.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the
official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,
Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.

EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36  B-1050 Brussels
© 2008 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 815:1996+A2:2008: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
Foreword.5
Introduction .6
1 Scope .6
1.1 Field of application .6
1.2 Description of the machines.6
1.3 Hazards .7
1.4 This European Standard applies primarily to machines which are manufactured after the date of
approval of this European Standard. .7
2 Normative references .7
3 Definitions .8
4 List of significant hazards .10
4.1 Mechanical hazards.10
4.2 Electrical hazards .10
4.3 Thermal hazards .10
4.4 Hazards generated by noise .10
4.5 Hazards generated by vibrations .10
4.6 Hazards generated by laser .10
4.7 Hazards generated by materials and substances .10
4.8 Hazards generated by neglect of ergonomic principles.10
4.9 Hazards caused by failure of energy supply .10
4.10 Hazards caused by missing and/or incorrectly positioned safety related measures .11
5 Safety requirements and/or provisions.11
5.1 General safety requirements .11
5.1.1 Contact surfaces.11
5.1.1.1 Hazards due to sharp and rough parts .11
5.1.1.2 Hazards due to hot surfaces .11
5.1.2 Hoses and pipes under pressure.11
5.2 Cutter head .12
5.3 Handling of heavy loads .12
5.3.1 Transport and lifting.12
5.3.2 Handling of machine parts.13
5.3.3 Handling of elements for rock support.13
5.4 Gripping and regripping.13
5.5 Access to and egress from operating positions and servicing points.13
5.5.1 General.13
5.5.2 Walkways.14
5.5.3 Access openings .15
5.6 Protection against falling objects and flood.15
5.6.1 Falling objects.15
5.6.2 Flood .16
5.7 Control points .16
5.7.1 Ergonomics .16
5.7.2 Visibility .16
5.7.3 Cab .16
5.8 Guards and protective devices .17
5.8.1 General.17
5.8.2 Specification of guards .17
5.8.3 Access to cutter head .17
5.8.4 Conveyor .17
5.9 Control systems and devices.17
5.9.1 General .17
5.9.2 Control systems .17
5.9.3 Control devices.18
5.9.4 Starting, warning systems, stopping and emergency stopping.19
5.9.4.1 Starting.19
5.9.4.2 Warning systems .19
5.9.4.3 Stopping.20
5.9.4.4 Emergency stopping .20
5.9.5 Failure of the power supply.21
5.10 Towing connection.21
5.11 Laser guidance .21
5.12 Ventilation, control of dust and gas .22
5.12.1 General .22
5.12.2 Dust suppression .22
5.12.3 Dedusting .22
5.12.4 Atmospheric changes.22
5.12.4.1 General.22
5.12.4.2 Methane monitoring.22
5.12.4.3 Monitoring for other gases .23
5.13 Noise.23
5.14 Electrical equipment .23
5.14.1 General .23
5.14.2 Protective measures .24
5.14.3 Cables and leads .24
5.14.4 Transformers .24
5.14.5 Bonding .24
5.14.6 Switch gear .24
5.14.7 Lighting.
...

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This European Standard is applicable to tunnelling machinery as defined in Clause 3 used for the construction of tunnels, shafts and other underground excavations.
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This document applies to the design, construction, equipping, marking and testing of air locks, as defined in 3.3, which form an integral part of a tunnel boring machine. It covers requirements for personnel locks utilizing compressed air as the pressurizing or breathing medium along with requirements for oxygen breathing systems for decompression purposes. The intended use is restricted to the temperature range 5 °C to 50 °C.
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This document is applicable to tunnel boring machines and associated machines and equipment as defined in Clause 3 used for the primary purpose of creating an underground void through the construction of horizontal and inclined tunnels and other underground excavations.
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This European Standard is applicable to tunnelling machinery as defined in Clause 3 used for the construction of tunnels, shafts and other underground excavations.
It deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to such machinery when they are used as intended and under the conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer (see Clause 4).
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NOTE      For the application in potentially explosive atmospheres see EN 1710:2005+A1:2008 for guidance.
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This document applies to the design, construction, equipping, marking and testing of air locks, as defined in 3.3, which form an integral part of a tunnel boring machine. It covers requirements for personnel locks utilizing compressed air as the pressurizing or breathing medium along with requirements for oxygen breathing systems for decompression purposes. The intended use is restricted to the temperature range 5 °C to 50 °C.
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prEN 12110-2 sets out additional requirements to those in Part 1, for personnel locks which are intended to have the capability to utilize non-air breathing mixtures such as nitrox, trimix and heliox. prEN 12110 2 sets out additional requirements for personnel locks intended to be used for saturation exposure techniques at pressures not exceeding 20 bar(g) associated with tunnelling work. It also sets out requirements for pressurized transfer shuttles as defined in 3.3.5.
The intended use of the machinery is agreed between the manufacturer and the user taking into account information on intended use, intended location of use, intended exposure techniques and intended decompression procedures, all provided by the user.
Air locks are normally connected to or incorporated in tunnel boring machines and consequently there are a number of interfaces between machinery covered by this standard and machinery covered by prEN 16191:2022. These interfaces are identified in both standards as appropriate.
This document is not applicable to machinery and equipment which is manufactured before the date of publication of this document by CEN.
NOTE 1   Air locks can be formed by the construction of one or more bulkheads in a tunnel secured to the tunnel lining. However, although the equipment required for tunnel air locks will be similar to that for TBM air locks, prEN 12110-1:2023 applies only to the design, fabrication and testing of bulkheads in this situation.
NOTE 2   Air locks can also be attached to an air deck in a shaft. Again, although the equipment required for such air locks will be similar to that for TBM air locks, prEN 12110-1:2023 applies only to the design, fabrication and testing of bulkheads (air decks) in shafts.
This document deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to such machinery when they are used as intended and under conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer (see Annex A).
The supply of compressed air and oxygen to the air lock is partly within the scope of prEN 12110-1:2023 and partly within the scope of prEN 16191:2022 and this division is clearly indicated within the text of both standards.
Vibration, noise and EMC (Electromagnetic compatibility) hazards are not significant hazards for air locks.

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