CEN ISO/TS 21432:2005

Non-destructive testing - Standards test method for determining residual stresses by neutron diffraction (ISO 21432:2005)

ISO/TS 21432:2005 gives the standard test method for determining residual stresses in polycrystalline materials by neutron diffraction. It is applicable to homogeneous and inhomogeneous materials and to test pieces containing distinct phases.

Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung - Standardprüfverfahren zur Bestimmung von Eigenspannungen durch Neutronenbeugung (ISO/TS 21432:2005)

In dieser Technischen Spezifikation ist ein Verfahren zur Bestimmung von Eigenspannungen in polykristallinen Werkstoffen durch Neutronenbeugung beschrieben. Es kann bei homogenen und inhomogenen Werkstoffen und bei Prüfstücken mit deutlichen Phasen angewendet werden.
Es wird ein Überblick über die Grundlagen der Neutronenbeugung geboten. Weiterhin werden Hinweise zu den Beugungsnetzebenen gegeben, an denen die Messungen für jeweils unterschiedliche Werkstoffkategorien erfolgen sollten. Es erfolgen Anleitungen hinsichtlich der Richtungen, in denen die Messungen durchzuführen sind, und des zu untersuchenden Werkstoffvolumens in Bezug auf Korngröße und beabsichtigten Spannungszustand während der Messungen.
Verfahren zur genauen Anordnung und Ausrichtung der Prüfstücke in einem Neutronenstrahl sowie zur genauen Festlegung des bei Einzelmessungen abgetasteten Werkstoffvolumens werden ebenfalls beschrieben.
Es erfolgt eine Beschreibung der bei der Kalibrierung der zur Neutronenbeugung verwendeten Geräte zu treffenden Schutzmaßnahmen. Außerdem werden Verfahren vorgestellt, mit denen eine spannungsfreie Referenzprobe hergestellt werden kann.
Die Verfahren zur Durchführung von Einzelmessungen der elastischen Dehnung mittels Neutronenbeugung sind ausführlich beschrieben. Weiterhin werden Vorgehensweisen zur Auswertung der Ergebnisse und zur Bestimmung ihrer statistischen Relevanz vorgestellt. Es werden Hinweise gegeben, wie zuverlässige Näherungswerte von Eigenspannungen (oder aufgebrachten Spannungen) aus den Dehnungswerten bestimmt und wie die Messunsicherheit der Ergebnisse geschätzt werden kann.

Essais non destructifs - Méthode normalisée de détermination des contraintes résiduelles par diffraction de neutrons (ISO 21432:2005)

L'ISO/TS 21432:2005 fournit la méthode d'essai normalisée permettant de déterminer les contraintes résiduelles dans les matériaux polycristallins par diffraction de neutrons. Elle s'applique aux matériaux homogènes et non homogènes, ainsi qu'aux échantillons contenant plusieurs phases.
Les principes de la technique de diffraction de neutrons sont exposés. Des conseils sont fournis concernant les plans réticulaires de diffraction qu'il convient d'utiliser pour effectuer les mesurages pour différentes catégories de matériaux. Des conseils sont aussi fournis au sujet des directions dans lesquelles il convient d'effectuer les mesurages et du volume de matériau qu'il convient d'examiner, lors des mesurages, en fonction de la grosseur du grain du matériau et de l'état de contrainte envisagé.
Des modes opératoires sont décrits concernant le positionnement et l'alignement corrects des échantillons dans un faisceau de neutrons ainsi que la définition précise du volume de matériau prélevé pour des mesurages individuels.
Les précautions à prendre lors de l'étalonnage des appareils de diffraction de neutrons sont décrites. Des techniques d'obtention de références sans contraintes sont présentées.
Les méthodes de réalisation de mesurages individuels de déformation élastique par diffraction de neutrons sont décrites en détail. Les méthodes d'analyse des résultats et de détermination de leur pertinence statistique sont présentées. Des conseils sont fournis en ce qui concerne l'obtention d'estimations fiables de la contrainte résiduelle (ou appliquée) à partir des données de déformation ainsi que l'estimation de l'incertitude des résultats.

Neporušitveno preskušanje – Standardizirane preskusne metode za ugotavljanje zaostalih napetosti z uklonom nevtronskih žarkov (ISO 21432:2005)

General Information

• Status: Withdrawn
• Publication Date: 14-Jul-2005
• Withdrawal Date: 22-Sep-2020
• ICS: 19.100 - Non-destructive testing
• Technical Committee: CEN/TC 138 - Non-destructive testing
• Drafting Committee: CEN/TC 138 - Non-destructive testing
• Current Stage: 9960 - Withdrawal effective - Withdrawal
• Completion Date: 23-Sep-2020
• Ref Project: SIST-TS CEN ISO/TS 21432:2005 - Non-destructive testing - Standards test method for determining residual stresses by neutron diffraction (ISO 21432:2005)

Relations

• Replaced By: EN ISO 21432:2020 - Non-destructive testing - Standard test method for determining residual stresses by neutron diffraction (ISO 21432:2019)
• Effective Date: 28-Oct-2020
• Corrected By: CEN ISO/TS 21432:2005/AC:2009 - Non-destructive testing - Standards test method for determining residual stresses by neutron diffraction (ISO 21432:2005/Cor 1:2008)
• Effective Date: 22-Dec-2008

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-november-2005
Neporušitveno preskušanje – Standardizirane preskusne metode za ugotavljanje
zaostalih napetosti z uklonom nevtronskih žarkov (ISO 21432:2005)
Non-destructive testing - Standards test method for determining residual stresses by
neutron diffraction (ISO 21432:2005)
Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung - Standardprüfverfahren zur Bestimmung von
Eigenspannungen durch Neutronenbeugung (ISO/TS 21432:2005)
Essais non destructifs - Méthode normalisée de détermination des contraintes
résiduelles par diffraction de neutrons (ISO 21432:2005)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: CEN ISO/TS 21432:2005
ICS:
19.100 Neporušitveno preskušanje Non-destructive testing
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION
CEN ISO/TS 21432
SPÉCIFICATION TECHNIQUE
TECHNISCHE SPEZIFIKATION
July 2005
ICS 19.100
English Version
Non-destructive testing - Standards test method for determining
residual stresses by neutron diffraction (ISO 21432:2005)
Essais non destructifs - Méthode normalisée de Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung - Standardprüfverfahren zur
détermination des contraintes résiduelles par diffraction de Bestimmung von Eigenspannungen durch
neutrons (ISO 21432:2005) Neutronenbeugung (ISO 21432:2005)
This Technical Specification (CEN/TS) was approved by CEN on 26 March 2005 for provisional application.
The period of validity of this CEN/TS is limited initially to three years. After two years the members of CEN will be requested to submit their
comments, particularly on the question whether the CEN/TS can be converted into a European Standard.
CEN members are required to announce the existence of this CEN/TS in the same way as for an EN and to make the CEN/TS available
promptly at national level in an appropriate form. It is permissible to keep conflicting national standards in force (in parallel to the CEN/TS)
until the final decision about the possible conversion of the CEN/TS into an EN is reached.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,
Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia,
Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36  B-1050 Brussels
© 2005 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. CEN ISO/TS 21432:2005: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Foreword
This document (CEN ISO/TS 21432:2005) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC
138 "Non-destructive testing", the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR, in collaboration with
Technical Committee ISO/TC 135 "Non-destructive testing”.

According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of
the following countries are bound to announce this CEN Technical Specification: Austria,
Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece,
Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.

TECHNICAL ISO/TS
SPECIFICATION 21432
First edition
2005-07-15
Non-destructive testing — Standard test
method for determining residual stresses
by neutron diffraction
Essais non destructifs — Méthode normalisée de détermination des
contraintes résiduelles par diffraction de neutrons

Reference number
ISO/TS 21432:2005(E)
©
ISO 2005
ISO/TS 21432:2005(E)
PDF disclaimer
This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobe's licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but
shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing the editing. In
downloading this file, parties accept therein the responsibility of not infringing Adobe's licensing policy. The ISO Central Secretariat
accepts no liability in this area.
Adobe is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated.
Details of the software products used to create this PDF file can be found in the General Info relative to the file; the PDF-creation
parameters were optimized for printing. Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In
the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below.

©  ISO 2005
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means,
electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or
ISO's member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Geneva 20
Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11
Fax + 41 22 749 09 47
E-mail [e-mail]
Web www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2005 – All rights reserved

ISO/TS 21432:2005(E)
Contents Page
Foreword. v
Introduction . vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions. 2
4 Symbols and abbreviated terms . 5
4.1 Symbols . 5
4.2 Subscripts . 6
4.3 Abbreviated terms . 7
5 Summary of method . 7
5.1 Preamble. 7
5.2 Outline of principle — Bragg’s law . 7
5.3 Neutron sources . 7
5.4 Strain measurement . 7
5.5 Neutron diffractometers. 8
5.6 Stress determination . 9
6 Preparations for measurements. 12
6.1 Preamble. 12
6.2 Alignment and calibration of the instrument . 12
6.3 Choice of diffraction conditions. 12
6.3.1 Monochromatic instruments . 12
6.3.2 TOF instruments . 15
6.4 Positioning procedures. 15
6.5 Gauge volumes . 15
6.6 Determination of a strain free or reference lattice spacing. 16
7 Material characterization. 18
7.1 Preamble. 18
7.2 Composition . 18
7.3 Thermal/mechanical history . 18
7.4 Phases and crystal structures. 18
7.5 Homogeneity . 18
7.6 Microstructure. 18
7.7 Texture . 18
8 Recording requirements and measurement procedure. 19
8.1 Preamble. 19
8.2 Recording requirements . 19
8.2.1 General information — instrument . 19
8.2.2 General information — specimen . 20
8.2.3 Specific information required for each strain measurement . 20
8.3 Specimen co-ordinates . 21
8.4 Positioning of the specimen. 21
8.5 Measurement directions . 21
8.6 Number and location of measuring positions . 21
8.7 Gauge volume . 21
8.8 Gauge volume centroid considerations . 21
8.9 Temperature . 22
ISO/TS 21432:2005(E)
9 Calculation of stress. 22
9.1 Preamble . 22
9.2 Normal stress determinations . 22
9.3 Stress state determinations. 23
9.3.1 The sin ψ method . 23
9.4 Choice of elasticity constants . 23
9.5 Data analysis . 24
9.5.1 Peak fitting function. 24
9.5.2 Background function . 24
9.5.3 Peak to background ratio . 24
9.5.4 Distorted peak profiles . 24
10 Reliability of results . 25
11 Reporting . 25
11.1 Preamble .
...