EN ISO 14853:2017
(Main)Plastics - Determination of the ultimate anaerobic biodegradation of plastic materials in an aqueous system - Method by measurement of biogas production (ISO 14853:2016)
Plastics - Determination of the ultimate anaerobic biodegradation of plastic materials in an aqueous system - Method by measurement of biogas production (ISO 14853:2016)
ISO 14853:2016 specifies a method for the determination of the ultimate anaerobic biodegradability of plastics by anaerobic microorganisms. The conditions described in ISO 14853 do not necessarily correspond to the optimum conditions for the maximum degree of biodegradation to occur. The test calls for exposure of the test material to sludge for a period of up to 90 d, which is longer than the normal sludge retention time (25 to 30 d) in anaerobic digesters, although digesters at industrial sites can have much longer retention times.
The method applies to the following materials:
- natural and/or synthetic polymers, copolymers or mixtures thereof;
- plastic materials which contain additives such as plasticizers, colorants or other compounds;
- water-soluble polymers;
- materials which, under the test conditions, do not inhibit the microorganisms present in the inoculum. Inhibitory effects can be determined using an inhibition control or by another appropriate method (see e.g. ISO 13641). If the test material is inhibitory to the inoculum, a lower test concentration, another inoculum or a pre-exposed inoculum can be used.
Kunststoffe - Bestimmung des vollständigen anaeroben Bioabbaus von Kunststoff-Materialien in einem wässrigen Medium - Verfahren mittels Analyse der Biogasentwicklung (ISO 14853:2016)
Plastiques - Évaluation de la biodégradabilité anaérobie ultime des matériaux plastiques en milieu aqueux - Méthode par détermination de la production de biogaz (ISO 14853:2016)
L'ISO 14853:2016 spécifie une méthode pour la détermination de la biodégradabilité anaérobie ultime des plastiques par des micro-organismes anaérobies. Les conditions décrites dans l'ISO 14853:2016 ne correspondent pas nécessairement aux conditions optimales permettant d'obtenir le taux maximal de biodégradation. L'essai exige que le matériau d'essai soit exposé aux boues pendant une période allant jusqu'à 90 j, ce qui est plus long que le temps de rétention normal de la boue (25 j à 30 j) dans les digesteurs anaérobies, bien que les digesteurs sur les sites industriels puissent avoir des temps de rétention beaucoup plus longs.
La présente méthode s'applique aux matériaux suivants:
- polymères naturels et/ou synthétiques, copolymères ou mélanges de ceux-ci;
- matériaux plastiques contenant des additifs, tels que plastifiants, colorants ou autres composés;
- polymères hydrosolubles;
- matériaux qui, dans les conditions d'essai, n'ont pas d'effet inhibiteur sur les micro-organismes présents dans l'inoculum. Les effets inhibiteurs peuvent être déterminés en utilisant une substance de contrôle de l'effet inhibiteur ou par toute autre méthode appropriée (voir, par exemple, l'ISO 13641). Si le matériau d'essai a un effet inhibiteur vis-à-vis de l'inoculum, il est possible d'utiliser une plus faible concentration, un autre inoculum ou un inoculum pré-exposé.
Polimerni materiali - Ugotavljanje dokončne anaerobne biodegradacije plastičnih materialov v vodnem sistemu - Metoda z merjenjem proizvodnje bioplina (ISO 14853:2016)
Standard ISO 14853:2016 določa metodo za ugotavljanje končne anaerobne biorazgradljivosti polimernih materialov, ki jo povzročajo anaerobni mikroorganizmi. Pogoji, ki so opisani v standardu ISO 14853, niso nujno enaki idealnim pogojem, pri katerih pride do največje stopnje biorazgradljivosti. Preskus zahteva izpostavljenost preskusnega materiala blatu do 90 d, kar je dlje od običajnega časa hranjenja blata (25 do 30 d) v anaerobnih gniliščih, čeprav imajo lahko gnilišča na industrijskih površinah veliko daljši čas hranjenja.
Ta metoda se uporablja za naslednje materiale:
– naravne in/ali sintetične polimere, kopolimere ali njihove mešanice,
– polimerne materiale, ki vsebujejo dodatke, kot so mehčala, barvila ali druge spojine,
– polimere, topne v vodi,
– materiale, ki v preskusnih pogojih ne zavirajo delovanja mikroorganizmov, prisotnih v inokulumu. Zaviralne učinke je mogoče določiti na podlagi nadzora zaviranja ali z drugo ustrezno metodo (glej npr. standard ISO 13641). Če preskusni material zavira inokulum, se lahko uporabi manjša preskusna koncentracija, drug inokulum ali predhodno izpostavljeni inokulum.
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-februar-2018
3ROLPHUQLPDWHULDOL8JRWDYOMDQMHGRNRQþQHDQDHUREQHELRGHJUDGDFLMHSODVWLþQLK
PDWHULDORYYYRGQHPVLVWHPX0HWRGD]PHUMHQMHPSURL]YRGQMHELRSOLQD ,62
Plastics - Determination of the ultimate anaerobic biodegradation of plastic materials in
an aqueous system - Method by measurement of biogas production (ISO 14853:2016)
Kunststoffe - Bestimmung der vollständigen anaeroben Bioabbaubarkeit von Kunststoff-
Materialien in einem wässrigen Medium - Verfahren mittels Analyse der
Biogasentwicklung (ISO 14853:2016)
Plastiques - Évaluation de la biodégradabilité anaérobie ultime des matériaux plastiques
en milieu aqueux - Méthode par détermination de la production de biogaz (ISO
14853:2016)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 14853:2017
ICS:
83.080.01 Polimerni materiali na Plastics in general
splošno
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
EN ISO 14853
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
December 2017
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 83.080.01
English Version
Plastics - Determination of the ultimate anaerobic
biodegradation of plastic materials in an aqueous system -
Method by measurement of biogas production (ISO
14853:2016)
Plastiques - Évaluation de la biodégradabilité Kunststoffe - Bestimmung der vollständigen anaeroben
anaérobie ultime des matériaux plastiques en milieu Bioabbaubarkeit von Kunststoff-Materialien in einem
aqueux - Méthode par détermination de la production wässrigen Medium - Verfahren mittels Analyse der
de biogaz (ISO 14853:2016) Biogasentwicklung (ISO 14853:2016)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 17 October 2017.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2017 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 14853:2017 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
Contents Page
European foreword . 3
European foreword
The text of ISO 14853:2016 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 61 “Plastics” of the
International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and has been taken over as EN ISO 14853:2017 by
Technical Committee CEN/TC 249 “Plastics” the secretariat of which is held by NBN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by June 2018, and conflicting national standards shall be
withdrawn at the latest by June 2018.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta,
Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and the United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 14853:2016 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 14853:2017 without any modification.
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 14853
Second edition
2016-07-15
Plastics — Determination of the
ultimate anaerobic biodegradation of
plastic materials in an aqueous system
— Method by measurement of biogas
production
Plastiques — Évaluation de la biodégradabilité anaérobie ultime des
matériaux plastiques en milieu aqueux — Méthode par détermination
de la production de biogaz
Reference number
ISO 14853:2016(E)
©
ISO 2016
ISO 14853:2016(E)
© ISO 2016, Published in Switzerland
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ISO 14853:2016(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .v
Introduction .vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Principle . 3
5 Reagents and materials . 3
6 Apparatus . 5
6.1 Laboratory equipment . 5
6.2 Apparatus for use when biogas is measured by a manometric method . 6
6.3 Apparatus for use when biogas is measured by a volumetric method . 6
7 Procedure. 6
7.1 General . 6
7.2 Digested sludge . 6
7.3 Preparation of the inoculum . 7
7.4 Preparation of test suspensions and controls . 7
7.5 Incubation and gas measurement . 8
7.6 Test duration . 9
7.7 Measurement of inorganic carbon . 9
7.8 Specific analyses . 9
8 Calculation and expression of results . 9
8.1 Amount of carbon in headspace . 9
8.2 Calculation of amount of carbon in headspace when manometric measurement
method is used .10
8.3 Calculation of amount of carbon in headspace when volumetric measurement
method is used .11
8.4 Amount of inorganic carbon in the liquid .11
8.5 Total amount of carbon converted to gas .11
8.6 Amount of carbon in test material .12
8.7 Calculation of percentage biodegradation .12
9 Validity of results .12
9.1 Maintenance of anaerobic conditions .12
9.2 Inhibition of degradation .12
9.3 Validity of the test .12
10 Test report .13
Annex A (informative) Example of apparatus for determining the amount of biogas
produced by measuring the increase in gas pressure .14
Annex B (informative) Example of apparatus for determining volumetrically the amount of
biogas produced .15
Annex C (informative) Example of a biodegradation curve .17
Annex D (informative) Examples of data sheets for anaerobic biodegradability tests .18
Annex E (informative) Table of water vapour pressures at various temperatures .21
Annex F (informative) Calculation of theoretical carbon dioxide (ThCO ) and theoretical
methane (ThCH ) production .22
Annex G (informative) Example of determination of recovery rate .23
Annex H (informative) Example of a workflow scheme .26
ISO 14853:2016(E)
Bibliography .
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