EN ISO 13849-1:2006
(Main)Safety of machinery - Safety-related parts of control systems - Part 1: General principles for design (ISO 13849-1:2006)
Safety of machinery - Safety-related parts of control systems - Part 1: General principles for design (ISO 13849-1:2006)
This standard provides safety requirements and guidance on the principles for the design of safety-related parts of control systems (SRP/CS). For these parts it specifies characteristics and categories required for carrying out related safety functions. It applies to SRP/CSs, regardless of the type of technology and energy used (e.g. electrical, hydraulic, pneumatic, mechanical) for all kinds of machinery. It does not specify which safety functions and which categories shall be used in a particular case.
In the case of using electronic system(s), this standard is applicable if one or more of the following is satisfied:
1) the required performance level (PLr)is a or b, or
2) the safety function is carried out by hardware where the fault behaviour is clearly determined and assessable, or
3) the contribution of programmable electronic systems within the SRP/CS which carries out the safety function is low (e.g. for monitoring) and the (PLr)is from a to d, or
4) the safety function is carried out by diverse programmable electronic systems and the required performance level is from a to d. Depending on the application the diverse programmable electronic system consists of diverse application software and/or diverse operational systems and/or diverse hardware and the required performance level is from a to d, or
5) safety-related parts used (including the software) are designed to the requirements of appropriate standards.
NOTE 1 For the definition of required performance level see 3.24.
NOTE 2 The requirements provided in this standard for programmable electronic systems are compatible with the methodology for the design and development of safety-related electrical, electronic and programmable electronic control systems for machinery given in the horizontal application standard IEC 62061 (under preparation in IEC/TC44/WG7).
Sicherheit von Maschinen - Sicherheitsbezogene Teile von Steuerungen - Teil 1: Allgemeine Gestaltungsleitsätze (ISO 13849-1:2006)
Dieser Teil der ISO 13849 stellt Sicherheitsanforderungen und einen Leitfaden für die Prinzipien der Gestaltung und Integration sicherheitsbezogener Teile von Steuerungen (SRP/CS) bereit, einschließlich der Entwicklung von Software. Für diese Teile der SRP/CS werden Eigenschaften, einschließlich des Performance Levels, festgelegt, die zur Ausführung der entsprechenden Sicherheitsfunktionen erforderlich sind. Er ist anzuwenden auf SRP/CS aller Arten von Maschinen, ungeachtet der verwendeten Technologie und Energie (elektrisch, hydraulisch, pneumatisch, mechanisch usw.).
Er legt nicht fest, welche Sicherheitsfunktionen oder Performance Level für einen speziellen Fall verwendet werden.
Dieser Teil der ISO 13849 stellt spezielle Anforderungen für SRP/CS mit programmierbar elektronischen Systemen bereit.
Er stellt keine speziellen Anforderungen an den Entwurf von Produkten, die Teile von SRP/CS sind. Trotzdem können die angegebenen Prinzipien, wie Kategorien oder Performance Level, verwendet werden.
ANMERKUNG 1 Beispiele von Produkten, die Teile von SRP/CS sind: Relais, Magnetventile, Positionsschalter, PLC(en), Antriebssteuerungen, Zweihandschaltungen, druckempfindliche Schutzeinrichtungen. Für den Entwurf solcher Produkte ist es wichtig, sich auf spezielle anwendbare Internationale Normen zu beziehen, z. B. ISO 13851, ISO 13856-1 und ISO 13856-2.
ANMERKUNG 2 Für die Definition des erforderlichen Performance Levels, siehe 3.1.24.
ANMERKUNG 3 Die in diesem Teil der ISO 13849 bereitgestellten Anforderungen für programmierbare elektronische Systeme sind kompatibel mit der Methodik für Gestaltung und Entwicklung sicherheitsbezogener elektrischer, elektronischer und programmierbarer elektronischer Steuerungen für Maschinen in der IEC 62061.
ANMERKUNG 4 Für sicherheitsbezogene Embedded-Software in Komponenten mit PLr = e, siehe IEC 61508-3:1998, Abschnitt 7.
ANMERKUNG 5 Siehe auch Tabelle 1.
Sécurité des machines - Parties des systèmes de commande relatives à la sécurité - Partie 1: Principes généraux de conception (ISO 13849-1:2006)
La présente norme fournit des prescriptions de sécurité et des conseils relatifs aux principes de conception des parties des systèmes de commande relatives à la sécurité (SRP/CS). Pour ces parties, elle spécifie les catégories et les caractéristiques requises pour réaliser ces fonctions de sécurité. Elle s'applique aux SRP/CS de tous les types de machines, indépendamment de la technologie et du type d'énergie utilisés (par exemple : électrique, hydraulique, pneumatique, mécanique). Elle ne spécifie pas quelles fonctions de sécurité et quelles catégories doivent être utilisées dans un cas particulier.
En cas d'utilisation de système(s) électronique(s), la présente norme s'applique si l'une ou plusieurs des conditions suivantes sont réalisées :
1) le niveau de performance requis (PLr) est a ou b ; ou
2) la fonction de sécurité est réalisée par du matériel dont le comportement en cas de défaut est clairement déterminé et appréciable ; ou
3) la contribution des systèmes électroniques programmables à la SRP/CS réalisant la fonction de sécurité est faible (par exemple pour la surveillance) et le PLr est compris entre a et d ; ou
4) la fonction de sécurité est réalisée par des systèmes électroniques programmables diversitaires et le niveau de performance requis est compris entre a et d. Selon l'application, le système électronique programmable diversitaire est constitué de logiciels applicatifs diversitaires et/ou de systèmes opérationnels diversitaires et/ou de matériels diversitaires et le niveau de performance requis est compris entre a et d ; ou
5) les parties relatives à la sécurité utilisées (y compris le logiciel) sont conçues conformément aux prescriptions des normes applicables.
NOTE 1 Pour la définition du niveau de performance requis, voir 3.24.
Varnost strojev – Z varnostjo povezani deli krmilnih sistemov – 1. del: Splošna načela za načrtovanje (ISO 13849-1:2006)
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-marec-2007
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Safety of machinery - Safety-related parts of control systems - Part 1: General principles
for design (ISO 13849-1:2006)
Sicherheit von Maschinen - Sicherheitsbezogene Teile von Steuerungen - Teil 1:
Allgemeine Gestaltungsleitsätze (ISO 13849-1:2006)
Sécurité des machines - Parties des systemes de commande relatives a la sécurité -
Partie 1: Principes généraux de conception (ISO 13849-1:2006)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 13849-1:2006
ICS:
13.110 Varnost strojev Safety of machinery
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN ISO 13849-1
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
November 2006
ICS 13.110 Supersedes EN 954-1:1996
English Version
Safety of machinery - Safety-related parts of control systems -
Part 1: General principles for design (ISO 13849-1:2006)
Sécurité des machines - Parties des systèmes de Sicherheit von Maschinen - Sicherheitsbezogene Teile von
commande relatives à la sécurité - Partie 1: Principes Steuerungen - Teil 1: Allgemeine Gestaltungsleitsätze (ISO
généraux de conception (ISO 13849-1:2006) 13849-1:2006)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 2 October 2006.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official
versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,
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Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
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© 2006 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 13849-1:2006: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
Foreword
This document (EN ISO 13849-1:2006) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 114
"Safety of machinery", the secretariat of which is held by DIN, in collaboration with Technical
Committee ISO/TC 199 "Safety of machinery".
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by May 2007, and conflicting national standards shall
be withdrawn at the latest by November 2009.
This document supersedes EN 954-1:1996.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission
and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s).
For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this
document.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus,
Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland,
Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania,
Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
Annex ZA
(informative)
Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential
Requirements of EU Directive 98/37/EC, amended by Directive 98/79/EC
This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European
Commission and the European Free Trade Association to provide a means of conforming to
Essential Requirements of the New Approach Directive 98/37/EC, amended by Directive 98/79/EC.
Once this standard is cited in the Official Journal of the European Communities under that Directive
and has been implemented as a national standard in at least one Member State, compliance with
the normative clauses of this standard confers, within the limits of the scope of this standard, a
presumption of conformity with Essential Requirements 1.2.1 and 1.2.7 of Annex I of that Directive
and associated EFTA regulations.
WARNING: Other requirements and other EU Directives may be applicable to the products falling
within the scope of this standard.
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 13849-1
Second edition
2006-11-01
Safety of machinery — Safety-related
parts of control systems —
Part 1:
General principles for design
Sécurité des machines — Parties des systèmes de commande relatives
à la sécurité —
Partie 1: Principes généraux de conception
Reference number
ISO 13849-1:2006(E)
©
ISO 2006
ISO 13849-1:2006(E)
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ii © ISO 2006 – All rights reserved
ISO 13849-1:2006(E)
Contents Page
Foreword. v
Introduction . vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms, definitions, symbols and abbreviated terms. 2
3.1 Terms and definitions. 2
3.2 Symbols and abbreviated terms . 8
4 Design considerations . 9
4.1 Safety objectives in design. 9
4.2 Strategy for risk reduction. 11
4.2.1 General. 11
4.2.2 Contribution to the risk reduction by the control system . 11
4.3 Determination of required performance level (PL ). 14
r
4.4 Design of SRP/CS . 14
4.5 Evaluation of the achieved performance level PL and relationship with SIL. 15
4.5.1 Performance level PL . 15
4.5.2 Mean time to dangerous failure of each channel (MTTF ) . 17
d
4.5.3 Diagnostic coverage (DC) . 18
4.5.4 Simplified procedure for estimating PL. 18
4.6 Software safety requirements . 21
4.6.1 General. 21
4.6.2 Safety-related embedded software (SRESW) . 21
4.6.3 Safety-related application software (SRASW) . 22
4.6.4 Software-based parameterization . 25
4.7 Verification that achieved PL meets PL . 26
r
4.8 Ergonomic aspects of design. 26
5 Safety functions . 26
5.1 Specification of safety functions . 26
5.2 Details of safety functions . 28
5.2.1 Safety-related stop function . 28
5.2.2 Manual reset function. 29
5.2.3 Start/restart function . 29
5.2.4 Local control function . 30
5.2.5 Muting function. 30
5.2.6 Response time . 30
5.2.7 Safety–related parameters. 30
5.2.8 Fluctuations, loss and restoration of power sources. 31
6 Categories and their relation to MTTF of each channel, DC and CCF. 31
d avg
6.1 General. 31
6.2 Specifications of categories . 32
6.2.1 General. 32
6.2.2 Designated architectures. 32
6.2.3 Category B. 32
6.2.4 Category 1 . 33
6.2.5 Category 2 . 34
6.2.6 Category 3 . 35
6.2.7 Category 4 . 36
6.3 Combination of SRP/CS to achieve overall PL . 39
ISO 13849-1:2006(E)
7 Fault consideration, fault exclusion. 40
7.1 General . 40
7.2 Fault consideration . 40
7.
...
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