CEN/TS 16137:2011
(Main)Plastics - Determination of bio-based carbon content
Plastics - Determination of bio-based carbon content
This Technical Specification specifies a calculation method for the determination of the bio-based carbon content in monomers, polymers and plastic materials and products, based on the 14C content measurement.
It also specifies three test methods to be used for the determination of the 14C content from which the bio-based carbon content is calculated:
- Method A: Proportional scintillation-counter method (PSM);
- Method B: Beta-ionisation (BI);
- Method C: Accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS).
The bio-based carbon content is expressed by a fraction of sample mass, as a fraction of the total carbon content or as a fraction of the total organic carbon content.
This calculation method is applicable to any polymers containing organic carbon, including biocomposites.
NOTE This Technical Specification does not provide the methodology for the calculation of the biomass content of a sample.
Kunststoffe - Bestimmung des biobasierten Kohlenstoffgehalts
In dieser Technischen Spezifikation wird das Berechnungsverfahren festgelegt, nach dem der Gehalt an
biobasiertem Kohlenstoff in Monomeren, Polymeren, Kunststoffen und Produkten unter Anwendung des
14C-Verfahrens bestimmt wird.
Es werden auch drei Prüfverfahren zur Bestimmung des 14C-Gehalts beschrieben, aus dem der biobasierte
Kohlenstoffgehalt zu errechnen ist:
⎯ Verfahren A: Proportional-Szintillationszähler-Verfahren (PSM);
⎯ Verfahren B: Beta-Ionisation (BI);
⎯ Verfahren C: Beschleuniger-Massenspektrometrie (AMS).
Der biobasierte Kohlenstoffgehalt wird als Anteil der Probenmasse bezogen auf den Anteil des
Gesamtkohlenstoffgehalts oder bezogen auf den Anteil des gesamten organisch gebundenen Kohlenstoffgehalts
angegeben.
Dieses Berechnungsverfahren ist auf alle Polymere anwendbar, die organischen Kohlenstoff enthalten und
auch auf Bioverbundwerkstoffe (Biocomposita).
ANMERKUNG In dieser Technischen Spezifikation wird kein Verfahren für die Berechnung des Biomasseanteils einer
Probe angegeben.
Plastiques - Détermination de la teneur en carbone biosourcé
La présente Spécification technique spécifie une méthode de calcul basée sur le mesurage du 14C, qui permet
de déterminer la teneur en carbone biosourcé des monomères, polymères, matières plastiques et produits en
plastiques.
Elle spécifie également trois méthodes d'essai à utiliser pour déterminer la teneur en 14C à partir de laquelle la
teneur en carbone biosourcé sera calculée :
- Méthode A : méthode au compteur de scintillation proportionnel (PSM) ;
- Méthode B : ionisation Bêta (BI) ;
- Méthode C : spectrométrie de masse par accélérateur (AMS).
La teneur en carbone biosourcé est exprimée en fraction de masse d'échantillon, comme une fraction de la
teneur en carbone total ou une fraction de la teneur en carbone organique total.
Cette méthode de calcul est applicable à tout polymère contenant du carbone organique, biocomposites
inclus.
NOTE La présente Spécification technique n'indique pas la méthodologie pour calculer le contenu en biomasse d'un
échantillon.
Polimerni materiali - Določevanje ogljika biološkega izvora
Ta tehnična specifikacija določa računsko metodo za določevanje ogljika biološkega izvora v monomerih, polimerih, polimernih materialih in proizvodih na osnovi merjenja vsebnosti 14C.
Določa tudi tri preskusne metode, ki se uporabljajo za določevanje vsebnosti 14C, iz katere se izračuna ogljik biološkega izvora:
- metoda A: proporcionalna metoda s scintilacijskim števcem (PSM);
- metoda B: beta-ionizacija (BI);
- metoda C: pospeševalna masna spektrometrija (AMS).
Ogljik biološkega izvora se izrazi z deležem mase vzorca kot delež skupnega ogljika ali kot delež skupnega organskega ogljika.
Ta metoda izračuna velja za vse polimerne materiale, ki vsebujejo organski ogljik, vključno z biokompoziti.
OPOMBA: Ta tehnična specifikacija ne podaja metodologije za izračun biomase vzorca.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-november-2011
3ROLPHUQLPDWHULDOL'RORþHYDQMHRJOMLNDELRORãNHJDL]YRUD
Plastics - Determination of bio-based carbon content
Kunststoffe - Bestimmung des biobasierten Kohlenstoffgehalts
Plastiques - Détermination de la teneur en carbone biosourcé
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: CEN/TS 16137:2011
ICS:
83.080.01 Polimerni materiali na Plastics in general
splošno
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION
CEN/TS 16137
SPÉCIFICATION TECHNIQUE
TECHNISCHE SPEZIFIKATION
April 2011
ICS 83.080.01
English Version
Plastics - Determination of bio-based carbon content
Plastiques - Détermination de la teneur en carbone Kunststoffe - Bestimmung des biobasierten
biosourcé Kohlenstoffgehalts
This Technical Specification (CEN/TS) was approved by CEN on 20 December 2010 for provisional application.
The period of validity of this CEN/TS is limited initially to three years. After two years the members of CEN will be requested to submit their
comments, particularly on the question whether the CEN/TS can be converted into a European Standard.
CEN members are required to announce the existence of this CEN/TS in the same way as for an EN and to make the CEN/TS available
promptly at national level in an appropriate form. It is permissible to keep conflicting national standards in force (in parallel to the CEN/TS)
until the final decision about the possible conversion of the CEN/TS into an EN is reached.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland,
Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2011 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. CEN/TS 16137:2011: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
Contents Page
Foreword .4
Introduction .5
1 Scope .6
2 Normative references .6
3 Terms and definitions .6
4 Symbols and abbreviations .7
4.1 Symbols .7
4.2 Abbreviations .8
5 Principle .8
6 Sampling .9
7 Determination of the C content .9
7.1 General .9
7.2 Principle .9
7.3 Procedure for the conversion of the carbon present in the sample to a suitable sample for
C determination . 10
7.4 Measurements . 10
8 Calculation of the bio-based carbon content . 10
8.1 General . 10
8.2 Correction factors . 11
8.3 Calculation method. 11
9 Test report . 14
Annex A (normative) Procedure for the conversion of the carbon present in the sample to a
suitable sample for C determination . 15
A.1 General . 15
A.2 Reagents and materials . 15
A.3 Combustion of the sample in a calorimetric bomb . 16
A.4 Combustion of the sample in a tube furnace or a combustion apparatus . 17
A.5 Dissolution and LSC direct measurement on the polymer . 17
Annex B (normative) Method A - Proportional scintillation-counter method (PSM) . 18
B.1 General . 18
B.2 Principle . 18
B.3 Reagents and materials . 18
B.4 Apparatus . 18
B.5 Procedure . 18
B.6 Calculation of the results . 20
Annex C (normative) Method B - Beta-ionisation (BI) . 21
C.1 General . 21
C.2 Principle . 21
C.3 Reagents and materials . 21
C.4 Apparatus . 22
C.5 Procedure . 22
C.6 Calculation of the results . 23
Annex D (normative) Method C - Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS) . 24
D.1 General . 24
D.2 Principle . 24
D.3 Reagents and materials . 24
D.4 Apparatus . 24
D.5 Procedure . 25
D.6 Calculation of the results. 25
Bibliography . 26
Foreword
This document (CEN/TS 16137:2011) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 249 “Plastics”, the
secretariat of which is held by NBN.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the
European Free Trade Association.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to announce this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain,
Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
Introduction
This Technical Specification specifies the calculation method for the determination of bio-based carbon
content in monomers, polymers, plastics materials and products using the C method.
This calculation method using the C method is based on the well established analytical test methods used
for the determination of the age of objects containing carbon.
This Technical Specification provides the reference test methods for laboratories, producers, suppliers and
purchasers of bio-based polymer materials and products. It can be also useful for authorities and inspection
organizations.
NOTE 1 This Technical Specification is based on EN 15440 [4] prepared by CEN/TC 343, Solid recovered fuels.
NOTE 2 The analytical test methods specified in this Technical Specification are compatible with those described in
ASTM D6866 - 10 [9].
1 Scope
This Technical Specification specifies a calculation method for the determination of the bio-based carbon
content in monomers, polymers and plastic materials and products, based on the C content measurement.
It also specifies three test methods to be used for the determination of the C content from which the bio-
based carbon content is calculated:
Method A: Proportional scintillation-counter method (PSM);
Method B: Beta-ionisation (BI);
Method C: Accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS).
The bio-based carbon content is expressed by a fraction of sample mass, as a fraction of the total carbon
content or as a fraction of the total organic carbon content.
This calculation method is applicable to any polymers containing organic carbon, including biocomposites.
NOTE This Technical Specification does not provide the methodology for the calculation of the biomass content of a
sample.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
CEN/TR 15932:2010, Plastics — Recommendation for terminology and characterisation of biopolymers and
bioplastics
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in CEN/TR 15932:2010 and the following
apply.
3.1
bio-based carbon content
amount of carbon in a sample that is of recent origin, as evidenced by its C isotope content
3.2
biomass content
mass fraction of bio-based material in a sample
3.3
organic material
material containing carbon-based compound in which the element carbon is attached to other carbon atoms,
hydrogen, oxygen, or other elements in a chain, ring, or three-dimensional structure
3.4
organic carbon
carbon from organic material
3.5
isotope abundance
fraction of atoms of a particular isotope of an element
3.6
percentage modern carbon
pmC
1)
percent modern carbon relative to the N.I.S.T. oxalic acid radiocarbon standard reference material
SRM 4990B
NOTE In 1950, the internationally accepted radiocarbon dating reference value is 95 % of this activity of this NBS
oxalic acid SRM 4990b. In 2010, the value of 100 % bio-based carbon is set at 105 pmC.
3.7
laboratory sample
sub-quantity of a sample suitable for laboratory tests
3.8
sample
quantity of material, representative of a larger quantity for which the prope
...
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