CEN/TR 16798-18:2017

Energy performance of buildings - Ventilation for buildings - Part 18: Interpretation of the requirements in EN 16798-17 - Guidelines for inspection of ventilation and air-conditioning systems (Modules M4-11, M5-11, M6-11, M7-11)

This Technical Report refers to standard EN 16798-17:2017, module M4-11, M5-11, M6-11 and M7-11.
It contains information to support the correct understanding and use of this standard.
This Technical Report does not contain any normative provision.
Information regarding features affecting the frequency and duration of inspection is included in 5.2.

Energetische Bewertung von Gebäuden - Lüftung von Gebäuden - Lüftung von Gebäuden - Teil 18: Interpretation der Anforderungen der EN 16798-17 - Leitlinien für die Inspektion von Lüftungs- und Klimaanlagen (Module M4‐11, M5‐11, M6‐11, M7‐11)

Performance énergétique des bâtiments - Ventilation des bâtiments - Partie 18 : Interprétation des exigences de l’EN 16798-17 - Lignes directrices pour l'inspection des systèmes de ventilation et de conditionnement d'air (Module M4-11, M5-11, M6-11, M7-11)

Le présent rapport technique fait référence à la norme prEN 16798 17, module M4 11, M5 11, M6 11 et M7 11.
Il contient des informations permettant d’assurer une compréhension et une utilisation correcte de cette norme.
Le présent rapport technique ne contient pas de disposition normative.
Les informations concernant les éléments ayant une influence sur la fréquence et la durée de l'inspection sont incluses en 5.2.

Energijske lastnosti stavb - Prezračevanje stavb - 18. del: Razlaga in utemeljitev EN 16798-17 - Smernice za pregled sistemov prezračevanja in klimatizacije - Moduli M4-11, M5-11, M6-11, M7-11

To tehnično poročilo se nanaša na module M4-11, M5-11, M6-11 in M7-11 standarda EN 16798-17:2017.
Vsebuje informacije za pomoč pri pravilnem razumevanju in uporabi tega standarda.
To tehnično poročilo ne vsebuje nobenih normativnih določb.
Informacije v zvezi z lastnostmi, ki vplivajo na pogostnost in trajanje pregledov, so podane v točki 5.2.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 20-Jun-2017
• ICS: 91.120.10 - Thermal insulation of buildings
• ICS: 91.140.30 - Ventilation and air-conditioning systems
• Technical Committee: CEN/TC 156 - Ventilation for buildings
• Drafting Committee: CEN/TC 156/WG 23 - Guidelines for inspection of ventilation systems and air conditioning systems
• Current Stage: 6060 - Definitive text made available (DAV) - Publishing
• Start Date: 21-Jun-2017
• Due Date: 15-Nov-2015
• Completion Date: 21-Jun-2017
• Directive: 2010/31/EU - Directive 2010/31/eu of the European Parliament and of the Council of 19 May 2010 on the energy performance of buildings (recast)
• Mandate: M/480 - Mandate to CEN, CENELEC and ETSI for the elaboration and adoption of standards for a methodology calculating the integrated energy performance of buildings and promoting the energy efficiency of buildings, in accordance with the terms set in the recast of the Directive on the energy performance buildings (2010/31/EU)
• Ref Project: SIST-TP CEN/TR 16798-18:2018 - Energy performance of buildings - Ventilation for buildings - Part 18: Interpretation of the requirements in EN 16798-17 - Guidelines for inspection of ventilation and air-conditioning systems (Modules M4-11, M5-11, M6-11, M7-11)

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST-TP CEN/TR 16798-18:2018
01-julij-2018

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0RGXOL0000

Energy performance of buildings - Ventilation for buildings - Part 18: Interpretation of the

requirements in EN 16798-17 - Guidelines for inspection of ventilation and air-
conditioning systems (Modules M4-11, M5-11, M6-11, M7-11)
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,QVSHNWLRQYRQ/IWXQJVXQG.OLPDDQODJHQ0RGXOH0"0"0"0"
Performance énergétique des bâtiments - Ventilation des bâtiments - Partie 18 :

Interprétation des exigences de l’EN 16798-17 - Lignes directrices pour l'inspection des

systèmes de ventilation et de conditionnement d'air (Module M4-11, M5-11, M6-11, M7-

11)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: CEN/TR 16798-18:2017
ICS:
91.140.30 3UH]UDþHYDOQLLQNOLPDWVNL Ventilation and air-
VLVWHPL conditioning systems
SIST-TP CEN/TR 16798-18:2018 en

2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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SIST-TP CEN/TR 16798-18:2018
CEN/TR 16798-18
TECHNICAL REPORT
RAPPORT TECHNIQUE
June 2017
TECHNISCHER BERICHT
ICS 91.120.10; 91.140.30
English Version
Energy performance of buildings - Ventilation for buildings
- Part 18: Interpretation of the requirements in EN 16798-
17 - Guidelines for inspection of ventilation and air-
conditioning systems (Modules M4-11, M5-11, M6-11, M7-
11)

Performance énergétique des bâtiments - Ventilation Energetische Bewertung von Gebäuden - Lüftung von

des bâtiments - Partie 18 : Interprétation des Gebäuden - Lüftung von Gebäuden - Teil 18:

exigences de l'EN 16798-17 - Lignes directrices pour Interpretation der Anforderungen der EN 16798-17 -

l'inspection des systèmes de ventilation et de Leitlinien für die Inspektion von Lüftungs- und

conditionnement d'air (Module M4-11, M5-11, M6-11, Klimaanlagen (Module M4-11, M5-11, M6-11, M7-11)

M7-11)

This Technical Report was approved by CEN on 27 February 2017. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee CEN/TC

156.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,

Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,

Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,

Turkey and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels

© 2017 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. CEN/TR 16798-18:2017 E

worldwide for CEN national Members.
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Contents Page

European foreword ....................................................................................................................................................... 4

Introduction .................................................................................................................................................................... 7

1 Scope .................................................................................................................................................................... 9

2 Normative references .................................................................................................................................... 9

3 Terms and definitions ................................................................................................................................ 10

4 Symbols, subscripts and abbreviations................................................................................................ 10

5 Description of the inspection procedures ........................................................................................... 10

5.1 Purpose of the inspection.......................................................................................................................... 10

5.2 Methods ........................................................................................................................................................... 10

5.2.1 Features affecting the frequency and duration of inspection ...................................................... 10

5.2.2 Examples of elements to define system categories .......................................................................... 12

5.2.3 Recommendations for the extent of the inspection ......................................................................... 13

5.3 Pre-inspection procedure ......................................................................................................................... 32

5.3.1 General ............................................................................................................................................................. 32

5.3.2 Design documentation ............................................................................................................................... 33

5.3.3 System characteristics ................................................................................................................................ 33

5.3.4 Building and system operation and maintenance status .............................................................. 33

5.3.5 Buildings and system survey ................................................................................................................... 33

5.3.6 Output of the pre-inspection .................................................................................................................... 33

5.4 Cleanliness and accessibility of the system ........................................................................................ 35

5.5 Sampling for on-site checks ...................................................................................................................... 35

6 Method 1 – Ventilation-only systems .................................................................................................... 37

6.1 General ............................................................................................................................................................. 37

6.2 Output data ..................................................................................................................................................... 37

6.3 Follow-up of pre-inspection ..................................................................................................................... 40

6.4 Methodology .................................................................................................................................................. 40

6.4.1 General approach ......................................................................................................................................... 40

6.4.2 Mechanical exhaust and/or supply systems ...................................................................................... 40

6.4.3 Natural ventilation ...................................................................................................................................... 42

6.4.4 Hybrid ventilation ........................................................................................................................................ 42

6.5 Advice for improvements .......................................................................................................................... 42

6.5.1 Energy impacts, justification of inspection and improvements .................................................. 42

6.5.2 Basic improvements .................................................................................................................................... 45

6.5.3 Further improvements — Ventilation only systems ....................................................................... 47

7 Method 2 – Air conditioning systems .................................................................................................... 50

7.1 General ............................................................................................................................................................. 50

7.2 Output data ..................................................................................................................................................... 50

7.2.1 Possible outputs of an energy inspection ............................................................................................ 50

7.2.2 General sizing issues ................................................................................................................................... 53

7.2.3 Estimating cooling loads ............................................................................................................................ 53

7.2.4 Assessment of cooling capacity ............................................................................................................... 54

7.3 Follow-up of pre-inspection ..................................................................................................................... 55

7.4 Methodology .................................................................................................................................................. 55

7.4.1 General approach ......................................................................................................................................... 55

7.4.2 Refrigeration equipment ........................................................................................................................... 55

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7.4.3 Pumps and chilled water pipe work ...................................................................................................... 56

7.4.4 Outdoor heat rejection devices ............................................................................................................... 57

7.4.5 Water and refrigerant-based terminal units ...................................................................................... 57

7.4.6 Mechanical ventilation ............................................................................................................................... 58

7.4.7 Building system controls and control parameters ........................................................................... 59

7.4.8 Metering ........................................................................................................................................................... 60

7.5 Advice on alternative solutions and improvements ........................................................................ 61

7.5.1 General ............................................................................................................................................................. 61

7.5.2 Energy impacts, justification of inspection and improvements .................................................. 61

7.5.3 Improvement system efficiency of AC-systems ................................................................................. 62

8 Inspection report .......................................................................................................................................... 64

9 Quality control ............................................................................................................................................... 64

Bibliography ................................................................................................................................................................. 65

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European foreword

This document (CEN/TR 16798-18:2017) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 156

“Ventilation for buildings”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI.

Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of

patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent

rights.

This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the

European Free Trade Association.

The necessary editorial revisions were made to comply with the requirements for each EPB technical

report.

This document has been produced to meet the requirements of Directive 2010/31/EU 19 May 2010 on

the energy performance of buildings (recast), referred to as “recast EPDB”.

For the convenience of Standards users CEN/TC 156, together with responsible Working Group

Conveners, have prepared a simple table below relating, where appropriate, the relationship between

the ‘EPBD’ and ‘recast EPBD’ standard numbers prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 156

“Ventilation for buildings”.
EPBD EN Recast EPBD EN
Title
Number Number
Energy performance of buildings – Ventilation for buildings –
Part 1: Indoor environmental input parameters for design
EN 15251 EN 16798-1 and assessment of energy performance of buildings
addressing indoor air quality, thermal environment, lighting
and acoustics (Module M1-6)
Energy performance of buildings – Ventilation for buildings –
Part 2: Interpretation of the requirements in EN 16798-1 –
Indoor environmental input parameters for design and
N/A CEN/TR 16798-2
assessment of energy performance of buildings addressing
indoor air quality, thermal environment, lighting and
acoustics (Module M1-6)
Energy performance of buildings – Ventilation for buildings –
Part 3: For non-residential buildings – Performance
requirements for ventilation and room-conditioning systems
EN 13779 EN 16798-3
(Modules M5-1, M5-4)
Energy performance of buildings – Ventilation for buildings –
Part 4: Interpretation of the requirements in EN 16798- 3 –
N/A CEN/TR 16798-4 For non-residential buildings – Performance requirements
for ventilation and room-conditioning systems (Modules M5-
1, M5-4)
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Energy performance of buildings – Ventilation for buildings –
Part 5-1: Calculation methods for energy requirements of
ventilation and air conditioning systems (Modules M5-6, M5-
EN 15241 EN 16798-5-1
8, M6-5, M6-8, M7-5, M7-8) – Method 1: Distribution and
generation
Energy performance of buildings – Ventilation for buildings –
Part 5-2: Calculation methods for energy requirements of
ventilation systems (Modules M5-6.2, M5-8.2) – Method 2:
EN 15241 EN 16798-5-2
Distribution and generation
Energy performance of buildings – Ventilation for buildings –
Part 6: Interpretation of the requirements in EN 16798-5–1
N/A CEN/TR 16798-6 and EN 16798-5-2 – Calculation methods for energy
requirements of ventilation and air conditioning systems
(Modules M5-6, M5-8, M 6-5, M6-8 , M7-5, M7-8)
Energy performance of buildings – Ventilation for buildings –
Part 7: Calculation methods for the determination of air flow
EN 15242 EN 16798-7
rates in buildings including infiltration (Module M5-5)
Energy performance of buildings – Ventilation for buildings –
Part 8: Interpretation of the requirements in EN 16798-7 –
N/A CEN/TR 16798-8
Calculation methods for the determination of air flow rates in
buildings including infiltration – (Module M5-5)
Energy performance of buildings – Ventilation for buildings –
EN 15243 EN 16798-9 Part 9: Calculation methods for energy requirements of
cooling systems (Modules M4-1, M4-4, M4-9) – General
Energy performance of buildings – Ventilation for buildings –
Part 10: Interpretation of the requirements in EN 16798-9 –
Calculation methods for energy requirements of cooling
N/A CEN/TR 16798-10
systems (Module M4-1,M4-4, M4-9) – General
Energy performance of buildings – Ventilation for buildings –
EN 15243 EN 16798-13 Part 13: Calculation of cooling systems (Module M4-8) –
Generation
Energy performance of buildings – Ventilation for buildings –

EN 15243 CEN/TR 16798-14 Part 14: Interpretation of the requirements in EN 16798-13 –

Calculation of cooling systems (Module M4-8) – Generation
Energy performance of buildings – Ventilation for buildings –
N/A EN 16798-15 Part 15: Calculation of cooling systems (Module M4-7) –
Storage
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Energy performance of buildings – Ventilation for buildings –
N/A CEN/TR 16798-16 Part 16: Interpretation of the requirements in EN 16798-15 –
Calculation of cooling systems (Module M4-7) – Storage
Energy performance of buildings – Ventilation for buildings –
EN 15239 and
EN 16798-17 Part 17: Guidelines for inspection of ventilation and air-
EN 15240
conditioning systems (Module M4-11, M5-11, M6-11, M7-11)
Energy performance of buildings – Ventilation for buildings –
Part 18: Interpretation of the requirements in EN 16798-17 –
N/A CEN/TR 16798-18
Guidelines for inspection of ventilation and air-conditioning
systems (Module M4-11, M5-11, M6-11, M7-11)
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Introduction
The set of EPB standards, Technical Reports and supporting tools

In order to facilitate the necessary overall consistency and coherence, in terminology, approach,

input/output relations and formats, for the whole set of EPB-standards, the following documents and

tools are available:
a) a document with basic principles to be followed in drafting EPB-standards:

CEN/TS 16628:2014, Energy Performance of Buildings - Basic Principles for the set of EPB

standards [1];

b) a document with detailed technical rules to be followed in drafting EPB-standards;

CEN/TS 16629:2014, Energy Performance of Buildings - Detailed Technical Rules for the set of

EPB-standards [2]; and
c) the detailed technical rules are the basis for the following tools:

1) a common template for each EPB-standard, including specific drafting instructions for the

relevant clauses,

2) a common template for each technical report that accompanies an EPB standard or a cluster of

EPB standards, including specific drafting instructions for the relevant clauses, and

3) a common template for the spreadsheet that accompanies each EPB standard, to demonstrate

the correctness of the EPB calculation procedures.

Each EPB-standards follows the basic principles and the detailed technical rules and relates to the

overarching EPB-standard, EN ISO 52000-1:2017 [3].

One of the main purposes of the revision of the EPB-standards is to enable that laws and regulations

directly refer to the EPB-standards and make compliance with them compulsory. This requires that the

set of EPB-standards consists of a systematic, clear, comprehensive and unambiguous set of energy

performance procedures. The number of options provided is kept as low as possible, taking into

account national and regional differences in climate, culture and building tradition, policy and legal

frameworks (subsidiarity principle). For each option, an informative default option is provided

(Annex B).
Rationale behind the EPB technical reports

There is a risk that the purpose and limitations of the EPB standards will be misunderstood, unless the

background and context to their contents – and the thinking behind them – is explained in some detail

to readers of the standards. Consequently, various types of informative contents are recorded and made

available for users to properly understand, apply and nationally or regionally implement the EPB

standards.

If this explanation would have been attempted in the standards themselves, the result is likely to be

confusing and cumbersome, especially if the standards are implemented or referenced in national or

regional building codes.

Therefore, each EPB standard is accompanied by an informative technical report, like this one, where all

informative content is collected, to ensure a clear separation between normative and informative

contents (see CEN/TS 16629 [2]):

— to avoid flooding and confusing the actual normative part with informative content,

— to reduce the page count of the actual standard, and
— to facilitate understanding of the set of EPB standards.
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This was also one of the main recommendations from the European CENSE project [4] that laid the

foundation for the preparation of the set of EPB standards.
This Technical Report

This Technical Report accompanies and complements EN 16798-17:2017 by providing informative

explanations and guidance to support the application of the normative content of the standard, taking

into account the requirements and options of the Recast Energy Performance of Buildings Directive [11]

(abbreviated as EPBD).

Air conditioning inspection may be carried out at any time and for a variety of purposes. It may, for

example, be part of a routine maintenance programme, though this may not include every part of the

guidance in the standard or technical report. Experience shows that inspections typically identify

measures that can result in tangible energy and running cost savings that require little or no capital

expenditure. However, these measures represent only a small proportion of the savings that are

technically possible. Inspections can also confirm that some potential sources of energy wastage are not

actually present.

The focus of the EPBD inspection requirements is to prevent energy wastage. However, measures to

reduce energy consumption should not be at the expense of the indoor environment, in particular

indoor air quality.

The specific requirements of the EPBD given in the corresponding article are the following:

— Article 15 requires the introduction of “measures to establish a regular inspection of the accessible

parts of air-conditioning systems of an effective rated output of more than 12 kW. The inspection

shall include an assessment of the air-conditioning efficiency and the sizing compared to the

cooling requirements of the building.”

— Article 16 requires that “an inspection report should be issued and handed to the owner or tenant

of the building after each inspection of a heating or air-conditioning system”. The inspection report

should contain the result of the inspection performed in accordance with Article 14 or Article 15

and include recommendations for the cost-effective improvement of the energy performance of the

inspected system. These measures should take into account climatic and local conditions as well as

indoor climate environment and should not affect other requirements concerning buildings such as

accessibility, safety and the intended use of the building.

— The recommendations may be based on a comparison of the energy performance of the system

inspected with that of the best available feasible system and a system of similar type for which all

relevant components achieve the level of energy performance required by the applicable

legislation.

— Alternatively, Member States “may opt to take measures to ensure the provision of advice to users

on the replacement of air-conditioning systems or on other modifications to the air-conditioning

system which may include inspections to assess the efficiency and appropriate size of the air-

conditioning system.”
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1 Scope

This Technical Report refers to standard EN 16798-17:2017, module M4-11, M5-11, M6-11 and M7-11.

It contains information to support the correct understanding and use of this standard.

This Technical Report does not contain any normative provision.

Information regarding features affecting the frequency and duration of inspection is included in 5.2.

2 Normative references

The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this technical report and

are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated

references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.

prEN 16798-1:2015, Energy performance of buildings — Ventilation for buildings — Part 1: Indoor

environmental input parameters for design and assessment of energy performance of buildings addressing

indoor air quality, thermal environment, lighting and acoustics — Module M1-6

EN 16798-3:2017, Energy performance of buildings — Ventilation for buildings — Part 3: For non-

residential buildings — Performance requirements for ventilation and room-conditioning systems

(Modules M5-1, M5-4)

EN 16798-9:2017, Energy performance of buildings — Ventilation for buildings — Part 9: Calculation

methods for energy requirements of cooling systems (Module M4-1, M4-4, M4-9 ) — General

prEN 16798-11:2015, Energy performance of buildings — Part 11: Module M4-3 — Calculation of the

design cooling load

EN 16798-13:2017, Energy performance of buildings — Ventilation for buildings — Part 13: Calculation

of cooling systems (Module M4-8) — Generation

EN 16798-17:2017, Energy performance of buildings — Ventilation for buildings — Part 17: Guidelines

for inspection of ventilation and air conditioning systems (Module M4-11, M5-11, M6-11, M7-11)

EN 1507, Ventilation for buildings — Sheet metal air ducts with rectangular section — Requirements for

strength and leakage

EN 12237, Ventilation for buildings — Ductwork — Strength and leakage of circular sheet metal ducts

EN 12792, Ventilation for buildings — Symbols, terminology and graphical symbols

EN 14511-1, Air conditioners, liquid chilling packages and heat pumps with electrically driven

compressors for space heating and cooling — Part 1: Terms, definitions and classification

EN ISO 7345:1995, Thermal insulation — Physical quantities and definitions (ISO 7345:1987)

EN ISO 52000-1:2017, Energy performance of buildings — Overarching EPB assessment — Part 1:

General framework and procedures (ISO 52000-1:2017)
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3 Terms and definitions

For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN ISO 7345:1995,

EN ISO 52000-1:2017, EN 16798-17:2017, EN 12792 and EN 14511-1 apply.

NOTE More information on some key EPB terms and definitions is given in CEN ISO/TR 52000-2:2017 [3].

4 Symbols, subscripts and abbreviations

For the purposes of this document, the symbols, subscripts and abbreviations given in

EN ISO 52000-1:2017 and in EN 16798-17:2017 apply.
5 Description of the inspection procedures
5.1 Purpose of the inspection

EN 16798-17:2017 requires that the recommendations include an indication of their probable cost-

effectiveness.

These recommendations are meant to encourage the system owner to undertake actions but they do

not require action from the owner.

To increase the likelihood that the proposed improvements are implemented, the inspection report

should stress improvements that are obviously needed to allow the system to function well and that are

cost-effective over a relatively short time period.

Detailed cost-effectiveness studies are outside the scope of EN 16798-17:2017. However, the advice can

include recommendations for detailed costs analyses, in particular, when an opportunity for

improvement is not obvious as a result of the inspection.
5.2 Methods
5.2.1 Features affecting the frequency and duration of inspection
5.2.1.1 General

The minimum contents and frequency of mandatory inspection is defined on national level, with a

recommended default value of five years for ventilation and air-conditioning systems. Inspection

including the buildings is recommended every ten years. On voluntary basis, more extensive and more

frequent inspections are possible.
The inspection may be more or less frequent, depending on the following:
— type of building;
— energy impact of the system;
— type of equipment;
— quality of system documentation;

— availability of records of measurements and/or energy check consumption metering; and

— quality of maintenance.

For centralized systems for cooling and ventilation, different parts and system components may require

more frequent checks, and in this case the corresponding records should be available for inspection.

After the initial inspection, the time for the next inspection may be longer or shorter depending on the

results from the initial inspection and on the level of maintenance.
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The outcome of the inspection is to generate advice for the owner or manager to improve the system, or

improve system maintenance. A part of that advice is to recommend more frequent routine inspection

and maintenance, for a good practice maintenance programme. The advice shoul
...