EN 16798-9:2017
(Main)Energy performance of buildings - Ventilation for buildings - Part 9: Calculation methods for energy requirements of cooling systems (Modules M4-1, M4-4, M4-9) - General
Energy performance of buildings - Ventilation for buildings - Part 9: Calculation methods for energy requirements of cooling systems (Modules M4-1, M4-4, M4-9) - General
This European Standard covers the energy performance calculation of complete cooling systems. It gives a calculation method that defines how to collect the cooling energy requirements from the thermal zones and from the air handling units connected to a distribution system, and how to aggregate multiple distribution systems to an overall system energy requirement. It incorporates the calculation of the emission and distribution losses and auxiliary energy. The required cooling energy to be extracted by the cooling generation system is calculated, and the cooling energy storage is considered. It gives a method on how to dispatch the cooling energy provided by the cooling generation to different distribution systems, and possible priorities are considered.
This European Standard defines energy performance indicators for cooling systems.
Table 1 shows the relative position of this standard within the EPB package of standards in the context of the modular structure as set out in prEN ISO 52000-1.
NOTE 1 In prCEN ISO/TR 52000-2 the same table can be found, with, for each module, the numbers of the relevant EPB standards and accompanying technical reports that are published or in preparation.
NOTE 2 The modules represent EPB standards, although one EPB standard might cover more than one module and one module might be covered by more than one EPB standard, for instance a simplified and a detailed method respectively. See also Clause 2 and Tables A.1 and B.1.
Energetische Bewertung von Gebäuden - Lüftung von Gebäuden - Teil 9: Berechnungsmethoden für den Energiebedarf von Kühlsystemen (Module M4-1, M4-4, M4-9) - Allgemeines
Diese Europäische Norm behandelt die Berechnung der Gesamtenergieeffizienz von der gesamten Kälteanlage. Sie enthält ein Berechnungsverfahren, das definiert, wie der Kühlenergiebedarf der thermischen Zonen und der an ein Verteilungssystem angeschlossenen zentralen raumlufttechnischen Geräte zu bestimmen ist und wie die Bedarfe mehrerer Verteilungssysteme zu einem Gesamtenergiebedarf der Anlage zusammengefasst werden können. Sie umfasst die Berechnung der Emissions- und Verteilungsverluste und der Hilfsenergie. Die erforderliche, durch das Kälteerzeugungssystem abzuführende Kühlenergie wird berechnet und die Kühlenergiespeicherung wird berücksichtigt. Sie enthält ein Verfahren zur Verteilung der durch das Kälteerzeugungssystem abgegebenen Kühlenergie an verschiedene Verteilungssysteme unter Berücksichtigung möglicher Prioritäten.
Diese Europäische Norm definiert Energieeffizienzindikatoren für Kälteanlagen.
Tabelle 1 zeigt die relative Position dieser Norm innerhalb des EPB Normenpakets im Kontext der in prEN ISO 52000 1 dargestellten modularen Struktur.
ANMERKUNG 1 In prCEN ISO/TR 52000 2 ist dieselbe Tabelle zu finden, die für jedes Modul die Nummern der relevanten EPB-Normen und der begleitenden Technischen Berichte enthält, die veröffentlicht wurden oder sich in Vorbereitung befinden.
ANMERKUNG 2 Die Module repräsentieren EPB-Normen, auch wenn eine EPB-Norm mehr als ein Modul abdecken kann und ein Modul von mehr als einer EPB-Norm abgedeckt werden kann, zum Beispiel eine jeweils vereinfachte und detaillierte Methode. Siehe auch Abschnitt 2 und Tabellen A.1 und B.1.
Performance énergétique des bâtiments - Ventilation des bâtiments - Partie 9 : Module M4-1,M4-4, M4-9 - Méthodes de calcul des exigences énergétique des systèmes de refroidissement - Généralités
La présente Norme européenne traite du calcul de la performance énergétique des systèmes de refroidissement complets. Elle donne une méthode de calcul déterminant la manière de collecter les exigences relatives à l'énergie de refroidissement des zones thermiques et des caissons de traitement d’air connectés au système de distribution, ainsi que la manière d’assembler les systèmes de distribution multiples en une exigence énergétique du système globale. Elle contient le calcul des pertes à l’émission et à la distribution ainsi que celui de l'énergie des auxiliaires. L'énergie de refroidissement requise à extraire par le système de génération de froid est calculée, et le stockage de l'énergie de refroidissement est pris en compte. Elle donne une méthode indiquant comment distribuer l'énergie de refroidissement fournie par la génération de froid aux différents systèmes de distribution, et les priorités éventuelles sont prises en compte.
La présente Norme européenne définit les indicateurs de performance énergétique des systèmes de refroidissement.
Le Tableau 1 indique la position relative de la présente norme dans l’ensemble de normes PEB dans le cadre de la structure modulaire donnée dans le prEN ISO 52000 1.
NOTE 1 Le même tableau figure dans le prCEN ISO/TR 52000 2 avec, pour chaque module, le numéro des normes PEB correspondantes et les rapports techniques associés qui sont publiés ou en cours d'élaboration.
NOTE 2 Les modules représentent des normes PEB, bien qu'une norme PEB puisse couvrir plus d'un module et qu'un module puisse être couvert par plusieurs normes PEB, par exemple une méthode simplifiée et détaillée respectivement. Voir également l'Article 2 et les Tableaux A.1 et B.1.
Energijske lastnosti stavb - Prezračevanje stavb - 9. del: Metode za izračun potrebne energije za hladilne sisteme - Moduli M4-1, M4-4, M4-9 - Splošno
Ta standard zajema izračun energetske učinkovitosti celovitih hladilnih sistemov. Podaja računsko metodo, ki določa zahteve za način zbiranja hladilne energije iz toplotnih območij in prezračevalnih enot, povezanih s sistemov za distribucijo, ter način združevanja več distribucijskih sistemov za izpolnjevanje skupnih energijskih potreb sistema. Vključuje tudi izračun oddanih emisij in uhajanja pri distribuciji ter izračun pomožne energije. Izračuna se potrebna hladilna energija, ki jo mora hladilni sistem odvajati, ob upoštevanju shranjevanja hladilne energije. Podaja metodo za pošiljanje hladilne energije, ki jo proizvajajo hladilni sistemi, v različne distribucijske sisteme, pri čemer metoda upošteva možna prednostna opravila.
Ta standard opredeljuje kazalnike energetske učinkovitosti hladilnih sistemov, povezane s tehničnim sistemom.
General Information
Relations
Overview
EN 16798-9:2017 - published by CEN - is a European standard for the energy performance of buildings focused on ventilation and cooling systems (Modules M4‑1, M4‑4, M4‑9). It defines standardized calculation methods to quantify the energy requirements of complete cooling systems, including how to collect, aggregate and dispatch cooling energy needs across thermal zones, air handling units and distribution systems. The standard covers emission and distribution losses, auxiliary energy, storage and the required energy to be extracted by the cooling generation system. It also defines energy performance indicators to express system efficiencies.
Key topics and technical requirements
- Scope and modular context
- Part of the EPB (Energy Performance of Buildings) modular set and aligned with prEN ISO 52000‑1.
- Applicable to complete cooling systems and multiple interconnected distribution systems.
- Calculation methods
- Provides at least two methods: Method 1 (simplified) and Method 2 (detailed) for different levels of modelling fidelity.
- Specifies calculation time intervals and calculation periods required for energy accounting.
- Inputs and outputs
- Inputs: system configuration, design data, operating/boundary conditions and physical constants.
- Outputs: aggregated cooling energy requirements, emission and distribution losses, auxiliary energy, storage behavior and annual efficiency indicators for the cooling system and generation.
- Energy flows and dispatch
- Rules for collecting cooling loads from thermal zones and air handling units.
- Methods for aggregating distribution systems and for dispatching generated cooling to different distribution systems with priority handling.
- Performance metrics and quality control
- Defines energy performance indicators including annual efficiencies and provides requirements for quality control and compliance checks.
- Normative templates
- Includes Annex A (input/method selection template) and Annex B (informative default choices) to ensure reproducibility and consistency.
Applications and who uses it
- Intended users:
- Building energy modelers and simulation software developers
- HVAC design engineers and consultants
- Energy assessors, regulators and authorities implementing EPBD requirements
- Facility managers evaluating system efficiency and retrofit scenarios
- Practical uses:
- Regulatory compliance and national/regional energy performance calculations
- Design-stage assessment of cooling system energy use and losses
- Comparison of system alternatives (centralized vs distributed cooling, storage strategies)
- Integration into whole-building energy performance assessments and certification
Related standards
- EN 16798 series (Parts 1–18) for ventilation and HVAC energy performance
- prEN ISO 52000‑1 (EPB modular structure)
- CEN/TR documents interpreting EN 16798 parts (e.g., CEN/TR 16798‑10)
Keywords: EN 16798-9:2017, energy performance of buildings, cooling systems, calculation methods, ventilation, cooling energy requirements, distribution losses, auxiliary energy, energy performance indicators.
Frequently Asked Questions
EN 16798-9:2017 is a standard published by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN). Its full title is "Energy performance of buildings - Ventilation for buildings - Part 9: Calculation methods for energy requirements of cooling systems (Modules M4-1, M4-4, M4-9) - General". This standard covers: This European Standard covers the energy performance calculation of complete cooling systems. It gives a calculation method that defines how to collect the cooling energy requirements from the thermal zones and from the air handling units connected to a distribution system, and how to aggregate multiple distribution systems to an overall system energy requirement. It incorporates the calculation of the emission and distribution losses and auxiliary energy. The required cooling energy to be extracted by the cooling generation system is calculated, and the cooling energy storage is considered. It gives a method on how to dispatch the cooling energy provided by the cooling generation to different distribution systems, and possible priorities are considered. This European Standard defines energy performance indicators for cooling systems. Table 1 shows the relative position of this standard within the EPB package of standards in the context of the modular structure as set out in prEN ISO 52000-1. NOTE 1 In prCEN ISO/TR 52000-2 the same table can be found, with, for each module, the numbers of the relevant EPB standards and accompanying technical reports that are published or in preparation. NOTE 2 The modules represent EPB standards, although one EPB standard might cover more than one module and one module might be covered by more than one EPB standard, for instance a simplified and a detailed method respectively. See also Clause 2 and Tables A.1 and B.1.
This European Standard covers the energy performance calculation of complete cooling systems. It gives a calculation method that defines how to collect the cooling energy requirements from the thermal zones and from the air handling units connected to a distribution system, and how to aggregate multiple distribution systems to an overall system energy requirement. It incorporates the calculation of the emission and distribution losses and auxiliary energy. The required cooling energy to be extracted by the cooling generation system is calculated, and the cooling energy storage is considered. It gives a method on how to dispatch the cooling energy provided by the cooling generation to different distribution systems, and possible priorities are considered. This European Standard defines energy performance indicators for cooling systems. Table 1 shows the relative position of this standard within the EPB package of standards in the context of the modular structure as set out in prEN ISO 52000-1. NOTE 1 In prCEN ISO/TR 52000-2 the same table can be found, with, for each module, the numbers of the relevant EPB standards and accompanying technical reports that are published or in preparation. NOTE 2 The modules represent EPB standards, although one EPB standard might cover more than one module and one module might be covered by more than one EPB standard, for instance a simplified and a detailed method respectively. See also Clause 2 and Tables A.1 and B.1.
EN 16798-9:2017 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 91.120.10 - Thermal insulation of buildings; 91.140.30 - Ventilation and air-conditioning systems. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
EN 16798-9:2017 has the following relationships with other standards: It is inter standard links to EN 15243:2007. Understanding these relationships helps ensure you are using the most current and applicable version of the standard.
EN 16798-9:2017 is associated with the following European legislation: EU Directives/Regulations: 2010/31/EU; Standardization Mandates: M/480. When a standard is cited in the Official Journal of the European Union, products manufactured in conformity with it benefit from a presumption of conformity with the essential requirements of the corresponding EU directive or regulation.
You can purchase EN 16798-9:2017 directly from iTeh Standards. The document is available in PDF format and is delivered instantly after payment. Add the standard to your cart and complete the secure checkout process. iTeh Standards is an authorized distributor of CEN standards.
Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Energetische Bewertung von Gebäuden - Lüftung von Gebäuden - Teil 9: Berechnungsmethoden für den Energiebedarf von Kühlsystemen (Module M4-1, M4-4, M4-9) - AllgemeinesPerformance énergétique des bâtiments - Ventilation des bâtiments - Partie 9 : Module M4-1,M4-4, M4-9 - Méthodes de calcul des exigences énergétique des systèmes de refroidissement - GénéralitésEnergy performance of buildings - Ventilation for buildings - Part 9: Calculation methods for energy requirements of cooling systems (Modules M4-1, M4-4, M4-9) - General91.140.30VLVWHPLVentilation and air-conditioning systemsICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 16798-9:2017SIST EN 16798-9:2018en,fr,de01-julij-2018SIST EN 16798-9:2018SLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST EN 15243:20071DGRPHãþD
EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 16798-9
June
t r s y ICS
{ sä s t rä s râ
{ sä s v rä u r Supersedes EN
s w t v uã t r r yEnglish Version
Energy performance of buildings æ Ventilation for buildings æ Part
{ã Calculation methods for energy requirements of Performance énergétique des bâtiments æ Ventilation des bâtiments æ Partie
{ ã Module M væ sáM væ vá M væ { æ Méthodes de calcul des exigences énergétique des systèmes de refroidissement æ Généralités
Energieeffizienz
von Gebäuden æ Lüftung von Gebäuden æ Teil
{ã Modul M væ sâ væ vá M væ { æ Berechnungsverfahren für den Energiebedarf der Kühlsysteme æ Allgemeines This European Standard was approved by CEN on
t y February
t r s yä
egulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alterationä Upætoædate lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CENæCENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN memberä
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CENæCENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versionsä
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austriaá Belgiumá Bulgariaá Croatiaá Cyprusá Czech Republicá Denmarká Estoniaá Finlandá Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedoniaá Franceá Germanyá Greeceá Hungaryá Icelandá Irelandá Italyá Latviaá Lithuaniaá Luxembourgá Maltaá Netherlandsá Norwayá Polandá Portugalá Romaniaá Serbiaá Slovakiaá Sloveniaá Spainá Swedená Switzerlandá Turkey and United Kingdomä
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre:
Avenue Marnix 17,
B-1000 Brussels
t r s y CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Membersä Refä Noä EN
s x y { zæ {ã t r s y ESIST EN 16798-9:2018
Page European foreword . 4 Introduction . 7 1 Scope . 9 2 Normative references . 11 3 Terms and definitions . 11 4 Symbols and subscripts . 11 4.1 Symbols . 11 4.2 Subscripts . 12 5 Brief description of the methods . 12 5.1 Output of the method . 12 5.2 General description of the methods . 13 5.3 Selection criteria between the methods . 14 5.4 Required functionality of cooling system calculation methods . 14 6 Calculation method 1 (simplified) . 14 6.1 Output data . 14 6.2 Calculation time interval and calculation period . 16 6.2.1 Calculation interval . 16 6.2.2 Calculation period . 16 6.3 Input data . 16 6.3.1 Source of data . 16 6.3.2 Configuration and system design data . 16 6.3.3 Operating or boundary conditions . 18 6.4 Calculation procedure, method 1 . 18 6.4.1 Applicable time intervals . 18 6.4.2 Operating conditions calculation . 19 6.4.3 Energy calculation . 20 7 Calculation method 2 (detailed) . 21 7.1 Output data . 21 7.2 Calculation time interval and calculation period . 23 7.2.1 Calculation interval . 23 7.2.2 Calculation period . 23 7.3 Input data . 23 7.3.1 Source of data . 23 7.3.2 Configuration and system design data . 24 7.3.3 Operating or boundary conditions . 26 7.3.4 Constants and physical data . 27 7.4 Calculation procedure, method 2 . 27 7.4.1 Applicable time intervals . 27 7.4.2 Operating conditions calculation . 27 7.4.3 Energy Calculation . 29 8 Energy performance expression. 31 8.1 Annual efficiency of cooling system . 31 8.2 Annual efficiency of cooling generation system . 32 SIST EN 16798-9:2018
Input and method selection data sheet — Template . 33 A.1 General . 33 A.2 References . 34 A.3 System design data . 34 A.3.1 Default process design data choices . 34 A.3.2 Default process control options . 34 A.3.3 Factors for simplified distribution calculation . 35 A.3.4 Energy weighting factors . 35 Annex B (informative)
Input and method selection data sheet — Default choices . 36 B.1 General . 36 B.2 References . 36 B.3 System design data . 37 B.3.1 Default process design data choices . 37 B.3.2 Default process control options . 38 B.3.3 Default factors for simplified distribution calculation . 38 B.3.4 Default energy weighting factors . 38 Annex C (normative)
System overview and required functionalities . 39 Bibliography . 42
EN Number Recast EPBD EN Number Title EN 15251 EN 16798–1 Energy performance of buildings – Ventilation for buildings - Part 1:
Indoor environmental input parameters for design and assessment of energy performance of buildings addressing indoor air quality, thermal environment, lighting and acoustics (Module M1-6) N/A CEN/TR 16798–2 Energy performance of buildings – Ventilation for buildings - Part 2: Interpretation of the requirements in EN 16798-1
- Indoor environmental input parameters for design and assessment of energy performance of buildings addressing indoor air quality, thermal environment, lighting and acoustics (Module M1-6) EN 13779 EN 16798–3 Energy performance of buildings – Ventilation for buildings - Part 3: For non-residential buildings – Performance requirements for ventilation and room-conditioning systems (Modules M5-1, M5-4) N/A CEN/TR 16798–4 Energy performance of buildings – Ventilation for buildings -
Part 4: Interpretation of the requirements in EN
16798- 3 - For non-residential buildings – Performance requirements for ventilation and room-conditioning systems(Modules M5-1, M5-4)
EN Number Recast EPBD EN Number Title EN 15241 EN 16798–5–1 Energy performance of buildings — Ventilation for buildings – Part 5-1: Calculation methods for energy requirements of ventilation and air conditioning systems (Modules M5-6, M5-8, M6-5, M6-8, M7-5, M7-8) — Method 1: Distribution and generation EN 15241 EN 16798–5–2 Energy performance of buildings – Ventilation for buildings - Part 5-2: Calculation methods for energy requirements of ventilation systems (Modules M5-6, M5-8, M6-5, M6-8, M7-5, M7-8) - Method 2: Distribution and generation N/A CEN/TR 16798–6 Energy performance of buildings - Ventilation for buildings – Part 6: Interpretation of the requirements in EN 16798-5 -1 and EN 16798-5-2 – Calculation methods for energy requirements of ventilation and air conditioning systems (Modules M5-6, M5-8, M 6-5, M6-8 , M7-5, M7-8) EN 15242 EN 16798–7 Energy performance of buildings - Ventilation for buildings - Part 7: Calculation methods for the determination of air flow rates in buildings including infiltration (Modules M5-5) N/A CEN/TR 16798–8 Energy performance of buildings – Ventilation for buildings – Part 8: Interpretation of the requirements in EN 16798-7 – Calculation methods for the determination of air flow rates in buildings including infiltration – (Modules M5-5) EN 15243 EN 16798–9 Energy performance of buildings – Ventilation for buildings - Part 9: Calculation methods for energy requirements of cooling systems
(Modules M4-1, M4-4, M4-9) - General N/A CEN/TR 16798–10 Energy performance of buildings – Ventilation for buildings – Part 10: Interpretation of the requirements in EN 16798-9 – Calculation methods for energy requirements of cooling systems (Module M4-1,M4-4, M4-9) – General N/A EN 16798–13 Energy performance of buildings – Ventilation for buildings - Part 13: - Calculation of cooling systems (Module M4-8) – Generation N/A CEN/TR 16798–14 Energy performance of buildings – Ventilation for buildings - Part 14: Interpretation of the requirements in EN 16798-13 – Calculation of cooling systems (Module M4-8) – Generation N/A EN 16798–15 Energy performance of buildings – Ventilation for buildings – Part 15: Calculation of cooling systems (Module M4-7) – Storage N/A CEN/TR 16798–16 Energy performance of buildings – Ventilation for buildings – Part 16: Interpretation of the requirements in EN 16798-15 – Calculation of cooling systems (Module M4-8) – Storage EN 15239, and EN 15240 EN 16798–17 Energy performance of buildings – Ventilation for buildings - Part 17: Guidelines for inspection of ventilation
and
air- conditioning systems (Module M4-11, M5-11, M6-11, M7-11) N/A CEN/TR 16798–18 Energy performance of buildings – Ventilation for buildings –
Part 18: Interpretation of the requirements in EN 16798-17 – Guidelines for inspection of ventilation and
air-conditioning systems (Module M4-11, M5-11, M6-11, M7-11) SIST EN 16798-9:2018
Overarching Building (as such) Technical Building Systems Submodule Descriptions Descriptions Descriptions Heating Cooling Ventilation Humidification Dehumidification Domestic Hot water Lighting Building automation and control PV, wind, . sub1 M1 M2
M3 M4 M5 M6 M7 M8 M9 M10 M11 1 General General General
EN 16798–9
2 Common terms and definitions; symbols, units and subscripts Building Energy Needs Needs
3 Applications (Free) Indoor Conditions without Systems Maximum Load and Power
4 Ways to Express Energy Performance Ways to Express Energy Performance Ways to Express Energy Performance
EN 16798-9
5 Building categories and Building Boundaries Heat Transfer by Transmission Emission and control
6 Building Occupancy and Operating Conditions Heat Transfer by Infiltration and Ventilation Distribution and control
7 Aggregation of Energy Services and Energy Carriers Internal Heat Gains Storage and control
8 Building zoning Solar Heat Gains Generation and control
9 Calculated Energy Performance Building Dynamics (thermal mass) Load dispatching and operating conditions
EN 16798–9
Overarching Building (as such) Technical Building Systems Submodule Descriptions Descriptions Descriptions Heating Cooling Ventilation Humidification Dehumidification Domestic Hot water Lighting Building automation and control PV, wind, . sub1 M1 M2
M3 M4 M5 M6 M7 M8 M9 M10 M11 10 Measured Energy Performance Measured Energy Performance Measured Energy Performance
11 Inspection Inspection Inspection
12 Ways to Express Indoor Comfort
BMS
13 External Environment Conditions
14 Economic Calculation
2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 12792:2003, Ventilation for buildings - Symbols, terminology and graphical symbols prEN ISO 52000-1:2016, Energy performance of buildings — Overarching EPB assessment — Part 1: General framework and procedures EN ISO 7345:1995, Thermal insulation - Physical quantities and definitions (ISO 7345:1987) 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN ISO 7345:1995, prEN ISO 52000-1:2016 and EN 12792:2003 apply. 4 Symbols and subscripts 4.1 Symbols For the purposes of this Standard, the symbols given in prEN ISO 52000-1:2016 and EN 12792:2003 apply. SIST EN 16798-9:2018
5 Brief description of the methods 5.1 Output of the method The method covers the calculation of: — the required cooling generation outlet temperature; — the flow and return water temperatures in the cooling distribution systems, based on the required values; — the volume flow rates of the cooling distribution systems; — the required cooling energy to be extracted by the cooling generation system, based on the requirements of the thermal zones and the air handling units calculated according to the module M2-2 and M5-8 standards; — the cooling energy extracted from the distribution systems, based on the cooling energy extracted by the generation system according to the M4-8 standard and possible storage effects according to the M4-7 standard, considering possible priorities; — the cooling energy extracted from the thermal zones and the air handling units, considering the emission losses according to the M4-5 standard and the distribution losses according to the M4-6 standard; and — technical system performance indicators for cooling systems. The interval of the output can be: — yearly; — monthly; — hourly; or — bin. NOTE For the definition and explanation of a bin see prCEN ISO/TR 52000-2. SIST EN 16798-9:2018
Figure 1 — Relation to modules, boundaries and involved indices (see Tables A.1 and B.1 for module references) 5.3 Selection criteria between the methods The simplified calculation given in 6.4.2, which avoids the need for detailed distribution calculations by using factors, is given for the case of lack of information like: — existing buildings; and — early design stage. It is suitable for longer calculation intervals like monthly or seasonal. 5.4 Required functionality of cooling system calculation methods Annex C shows which mechanisms are important for which cooling system types. Energy calculation methods shall address all the mechanisms that are relevant to the system types being considered. 6 Calculation method 1 (simplified) 6.1 Output data The output data of this method are listed in Table 3. SIST EN 16798-9:2018
«30—20 M4–8 Yes Required cooling energy by the cooling generation system QC;gen;in;req Q_C_gen_in_req kWh 0— » M4–8 Yes AHU cooling coil output energy for ventilation system k QC;ahu;out;k Q_C_ahu_out(k) kWh 0— » M5–8 Yes a Practical range, informative b “Varying”: value may vary over time: different values per time interval, for instance: hourly values or monthly values (not constant values over the year). where
EC;gen;el;in is the electric energy delivered to the cooling generation system in the calculation interval;
WC;aux;em is the auxiliary energy delivered to the cooling emission system in the calculation interval;
WC;aux;dis is the auxiliary energy delivered to the cooling distribution system in the calculation interval;
WC;aux;gen is the auxiliary energy delivered to the cooling generation system in the calculation interval;
QC;out;zt,j is the cooling energy extracted from thermal zone j;
C;gen:out;req is the required cooling generation outlet temperature to the distribution system in the calculation interval;
QC;gen;in;req is the energy to be extracted by the cooling generation system in the calculation interval;
QC;ahu;out;k is the AHU cooling coil energy output for ventilation system k. SIST EN 16798-9:2018
«50—50 M1–13 Yes Sensible energy need for cooling in thermal zone j QC;nd;zt;j kWh 0— » M2–2 Yes Required AHU cooling coil output for ventilation system k QC;ahu;out;req,k kWh 0— » M5–8 Yes Required cooling air supply temperature ÍSUP;C;req °C
«30—20 M5–8 Yes Heat losses of cooling emission in thermal zone j QC;em,ls;j kWh 0— » M4–5 Yes Auxiliary energy for cooling emission system in thermal zone j WC;aux;em;j=kWh 0— » M4–5 Yes Equivalent internal temperature Íint;inc °C
«5— 40 M4–5 Yes Portion of cooling distribution auxiliary energy going to the chilled water fwat;C;dis;aux — 0—1 M4–6 Yes Cooling energy extracted by the cooling generation system QC;gen;in kWh 0— » M4–8 Yes Chilled water outlet temperature from the cooling generation ÍC;gen;out °C
«30—20 M4–8 Yes Electric energy input to the cooling generation system EC,gen,el;in kWh 0— » M4–8 Yes Heat input to the absorption cooling generation QH;C;gen;abs;in kWh 0— » M4–8 Yes Auxiliary energy for cooling generation system WC;aux;gen kWh 0— » M4–8 Yes 6.4 Calculation procedure, method 1 6.4.1 Applicable time intervals 6.4.1.1 Application to hourly calculation intervals The method can directly be applied. SIST EN 16798-9:2018
(1) 6.4.2.1.2 Air system based distribution Heat is extracted directly from the air stream of the system. The required generation outlet temperature at the current calculation interval is the set point of the supply air temperature: ÍC,gen;out;req = ÍSUP;C;req
(2) 6.4.2.2 Water based systems The required generation outlet temperature at the current calculation interval is: — If CLG_GEN_TMP_CTRL = CONST then ÍC,gen;out;req = ÍC;gen;out;set
(3) else ÍC,gen;out;req = ÍC;dis;in;flw;req
(4)
1 In preparation. SIST EN 16798-9:2018
C;dis;in;set °C is the inlet temperature setpoint of the distribution system for CONST control option (input);
C;dis;in;set;max °C is the maximum inlet temperature setpoint of the distribution system for ODA_COMP control option (input);
C;dis;in;set;min °C is the minimum inlet temperature setpoint of the distribution system for ODA_COMP control option (input);
fe — is the slope factor of the distribution system for ODA_COMP control option (input);
off °C is the temperature offset of distribution system for ODA_COMP control option (input). NOTE The control option CLG_DISTR_TMP_CTRL = LOAD_COMP is not applicable to this simplified calculation. 6.4.3 Energy calculation 6.4.3.1 Energy extracted from thermal zones and air handling units The energy really extracted from the thermal zone j and from the air handling unit k at the current calculation interval is: =⋅;;,;,;;,;;;;;min ; CndztjCztjCndztjCgeninCgeninreqQQQQQ (7) =⋅;,;;;,;;,;;;;;;;min ; CahukoutreqCahukoutCahukoutreqCgeninCgeninreqQQQQQ (8) where
QC;nd;zt,j kWh is the sensible energy need for cooling in thermal zone j
QC;em,ls;j kWh are the heat losses of the cooling emission in thermal zone j
QC;ahu,k;out;req kWh is the required cooling energy in air handling unit k
QC;gen;in kWh is the energy extracted by the cooling generation system at the current calculation interval SIST EN 16798-9:2018
fwat;C;aux;dis — is the fraction of the auxiliary energy going to the chilled water. NOTE This simplified method does not consider cooling storage and calculates one single distribution system. The cooling distribution heat losses and auxiliary energy are calculated as a fraction of the cooling energy needs: =⋅++∑∑∑;;;;;;,;;,;,;;ClsdisClsdisCndztjCemlsjCahukoutreqjjkQfQQQ (11) where
fC;ls;dis — is the factor for the cooling distribution losses. Values shall be defined according to the template given in Table A.4. A default value is given in Table B.4. and =⋅++∑∑∑;;;;;;,;;,;,;;CauxdisCauxdisCndztjCemlsjCahukoutreqjjkWfQQQ
(12) where
fC;aux;dis — is the factor for the cooling distribution auxiliary energy. Values shall be defined according to the template given in Table A.4. A default value is given in Table B.4. 7 Calculation method 2 (detailed) 7.1 Output data The output data of this method are listed in Table 8. SIST EN 16798-9:2018
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La norme EN 16798-9:2017 est un document essentiel pour le calcul de la performance énergétique des systèmes de refroidissement dans les bâtiments. Son domaine d'application est bien défini, englobant la méthode de calcul des besoins en énergie pour le refroidissement en tenant compte non seulement des zones thermiques, mais aussi des unités de traitement d'air liées aux systèmes de distribution. Cette approche intégrée permet une évaluation exhaustive des systèmes de refroidissement, incluant la manière dont les différentes pertes liées à l'émission et à la distribution, ainsi que l'énergie auxiliaire, sont prises en compte. Un des points forts de cette norme est sa capacité à rassembler des systèmes de distribution multiples pour déterminer les exigences énergétiques globales d'un système. La norme fournit également une méthode pour le stockage de l'énergie de refroidissement, un élément crucial dans la gestion efficace de l'énergie au sein des bâtiments. Elle traite également de l'allocation de l'énergie de refroidissement générée aux divers systèmes de distribution, en introduisant des priorités potentielles dans cette gestion. De plus, la norme définit des indicateurs de performance énergétique spécifiques pour les systèmes de refroidissement, permettant ainsi aux professionnels du secteur de mieux évaluer et optimiser ces installations. En intégrant ces éléments, la norme renforce la pertinence de la performance énergétique dans le contexte des bâtiments modernes. En intégrant la norme dans le cadre du paquet de normes EPB, elle s'inscrit dans une structure modulaire qui facilite son utilisation en conjonction avec d'autres normes, optimisant ainsi les processus d'évaluation de la performance énergétique des bâtiments. Ce lien avec le prEN ISO 52000-1 souligne l'interconnexion et la cohérence du cadre réglementaire, ce qui en fait un outil crucial pour les acteurs de la conception et de la gestion des bâtiments. En somme, la norme EN 16798-9:2017 offre une approche structurée et détaillée pour le calcul des exigences énergétiques des systèmes de refroidissement, consolidant ainsi sa valeur dans la dynamique actuelle de la performance énergétique et de la durabilité des bâtiments.
The EN 16798-9:2017 standard provides a comprehensive methodology for calculating the energy performance of cooling systems within buildings. Its scope is instrumental for stakeholders involved in the design, construction, and operation of built environments, as it addresses how to accurately assess the cooling energy requirements from thermal zones and air handling units that are part of a distribution system. This allows for a holistic understanding of energy performance tailored specifically to cooling systems. One of the significant strengths of this standard lies in its detailed calculation methods, which not only cover the extraction of cooling energy but also evaluate emission and distribution losses, ensuring a thorough assessment of the cooling system's efficiency. By accounting for auxiliary energy and considering cooling energy storage needs, it offers a well-rounded approach to optimizing energy performance. Additionally, the standard facilitates the aggregation of multiple distribution systems, enabling users to derive overall system energy requirements effectively. The inclusion of energy performance indicators for cooling systems significantly enhances its relevance in today's context of energy-efficient building practices. As regulatory frameworks increasingly emphasize sustainable design, having access to a standard method for assessing cooling energy requirements is vital for compliance and achieving energy performance targets. Another noteworthy aspect of EN 16798-9:2017 is its position within the broader EPB (Energy Performance of Buildings) package of standards, as outlined in connection with prEN ISO 52000-1. This modular structure allows stakeholders to navigate related standards with ease, ensuring they can leverage pertinent technical reports and methodologies across various modules. This interconnectedness not only streamlines the compliance process but also supports the integration of energy performance assessments across different components of building systems. In conclusion, the EN 16798-9:2017 standard serves as a crucial tool for professionals in the building industry, equipping them with the necessary methods and indicators to evaluate the energy performance of cooling systems effectively. Its comprehensive scope and alignment with broader energy performance standards position it as a vital asset in enhancing building sustainability.
Die Norm EN 16798-9:2017 behandelt die Berechnung der Energieeffizienz von Kühlsystemen in Gebäuden und stellt somit eine bedeutende Grundlage für die energetische Bewertung von Gebäuden dar. Der Umfang dieser Norm ist darauf ausgelegt, die benötigten Kühlenergieanforderungen sowohl aus thermischen Zonen als auch aus den zugehörigen Luftbehandlungseinheiten zu ermitteln. Diese Berechnungen sind entscheidend, da sie die Grundlage für die Gestaltung und Optimierung effizienter Kühlsysteme bilden. Ein bedeutender Stärke dieser Norm liegt in der umfassenden Methodik, die nicht nur die Berechnung der Kühlenergie berücksichtigt, sondern auch die Verluste durch Emission und Verteilung sowie den Aufwand für Hilfsenergien einbezieht. Diese integrierte Herangehensweise ermöglicht eine realistische Einschätzung des gesamten Energiebedarfs für Kühlsysteme und unterstützt Planer und Ingenieure dabei, energieeffiziente Lösungen zu entwickeln. Die Norm definiert zudem wichtige Energieleistungsindikatoren für Kühlsysteme, was die Vergleichbarkeit und Analysierbarkeit von Kühlsystemen in unterschiedlichen Gebäudekontexten verbessert. Die klare Strukturierung der verschiedenen Module in der Norm und deren Integration in das EPB-Paket von Normen zeigen die Relevanz dieser Norm in einem breiteren regulatorischen Rahmen. Insbesondere die Anmerkungen zur Überschneidung der Module und deren jeweiligen Normen verdeutlichen die Flexibilität und Anwendbarkeit der Norm in verschiedenen Kontexten. Insgesamt unterstützt die Norm EN 16798-9:2017 Fachleute dabei, die Energieleistung von Kühlsystemen präzise zu kalkulieren, um die Auswirkungen auf den Gesamtenergiebedarf von Gebäuden zu reduzieren und nachhaltige Lösungen zu fördern.
EN 16798-9:2017 표준은 건물의 에너지 성능을 측정하는 데 중요한 기초를 제공합니다. 이 표준의 범위는 냉각 시스템의 완전한 에너지 성능 계산을 포함하며, 열 영역 및 분배 시스템에 연결된 공조 장치에서 냉각 에너지 요구 사항을 수집하는 방법을 정의합니다. 이러한 접근 방식은 여러 분배 시스템의 에너지 요구 사항을 집계하는 방법을 제공하여 신뢰할 수 있는 에너지 계산을 가능하게 합니다. 이 표준은 냉각 시스템의 에너지 성능 지표를 정의하며, 냉각 시스템의 에너지 요구를 계산하기 위해 방출 및 분배 손실, 보조 에너지를 통합하는 방법도 명시하고 있습니다. 이는 냉각 생성 시스템이 필요한 냉각 에너지를 추출하는 방식을 체계적으로 접근하게 합니다. 뿐만 아니라, 냉각 에너지 저장을 고려하고, 냉각 생성 시스템에서 제공하는 냉각 에너지를 다양한 분배 시스템에 어떻게 배분할 것인지를 제시하는 방법도 제공하여 에너지 관리의 효율성을 높이고 있습니다. EN 16798-9:2017 표준은 모듈 단위로 나뉜 EPB 표준 패키지 내에서의 상대적 위치를 명확히 제시하고, 각 모듈에 대한 관련 EPB 표준 및 기술 보고서를 명시하여 표준 간의 연관성을 고취하는 역할을 합니다. 이러한 구조는 사용자가 다양한 에너지 성능 계산 방법을 쉽게 이해하고 적용할 수 있게 도와줍니다. 결론적으로, EN 16798-9:2017 표준은 냉각 시스템에 대한 포괄적인 에너지 성능 계산 방법을 제시함으로써, 건물 에너지 관리 및 효율성 향상에 기여하는 중요한 기준이 됩니다.
EN 16798-9:2017は、建物のエネルギー性能に関する重要な欧州標準であり、特に冷却システムのエネルギー要件の算出に焦点を当てています。この標準は、冷却システムの完全なエネルギー性能計算に関する方法を提供し、熱ゾーンや空気処理ユニットからの冷却エネルギー要件の収集、複数の分配システムの集約の方法を明確に定義しています。このように、建物内の冷却能力を正確に把握するための強力なフレームワークを提供しています。 強みとしては、冷却システムに関連するエミッション及び分配ロス、補助エネルギーの計算を組み込んでいる点が挙げられます。このため、より精度の高いエネルギー要件の算定が可能となり、エネルギー効率の向上に寄与します。また、冷却生成システムからの冷却エネルギーの配信方法や、異なる分配システムへの優先順位を考慮したアプローチが含まれており、現場のニーズに柔軟に対応できます。 さらに、この標準は冷却システムのためのエネルギー性能指標を定義しており、冷却エネルギーの抽出とストレージを考慮した計算を実施することで、実際の運用効率を改善します。これにより、建物の冷却能力に関する理解が深まり、エネルギー消費削減に貢献できる点で非常に重要です。 最終的に、EN 16798-9:2017は、エネルギー性能計算における冷却システムの適切な管理を促進し、持続可能な建物設計を支える基盤となるものであり、その関連性はますます高まっています。
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