EN 50160:2022

Voltage characteristics of electricity supplied by public electricity networks

1.1 Application This document specifies the main characteristics of the voltage at a network user's supply terminals in public low voltage, medium, high, and extra-high voltage AC electricity networks under normal operating conditions. This document specifies the limits or values within which the voltage characteristics can be expected to remain at any supply terminal in public European electricity networks, only. Industrial networks are excluded from the scope of EN 50160. NOTE 1 If non-public networks (e.g. residential quarters, energy communities, office centres, shopping centres) have similar end-users as public networks, it is strongly advised to apply the same requirements as for public networks. This document does not apply under abnormal operating conditions, including the following: a) a temporary supply arrangement to keep network users supplied during conditions arising as a result of a fault, maintenance and construction work, or to minimize the extent and duration of a loss of supply; b) in the case of non-compliance of a network user's installation or equipment with the relevant standards or with the technical requirements for connection, established either by the public authorities or the network operator, including the limits for the emission of conducted disturbances; NOTE 2 A network user’s installation can include load and generation. c) in exceptional situations, in particular: 1) exceptional weather conditions and other natural disasters; 2) third party interference; 3) acts by public authorities, 4) industrial actions (subject to legal requirements); 5) force majeure; 6) power shortages resulting from external events. The voltage characteristics given in this document refer to conducted disturbances in public electric power networks. They are not intended to be used as electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) levels or product emission limits. Power quality is related to EMC in several ways – especially because compliance with power quality requirements depends on the control of cumulative effect of electromagnetic emissions from all/multiple equipment and/or installations. Therefore, the voltage characteristics given in this document gives guidance for specifying requirements in equipment product standards and in installation standards. NOTE 3 The performance of equipment might be impaired if it is subjected to supply conditions which are not specified in the equipment product standard. NOTE 4 This document can be superseded in total or in part by the terms of a contract between the individual network user and the network operator. The sharing of complaint management and problem mitigation costs between the involved parties is outside the scope of EN 50160. Measurement methods to be applied in this document are described in EN 61000-4-30. [...]

Merkmale der Spannung in öffentlichen Energieversorgungsnetzen

Caractéristiques de la tension fournie par les réseaux publics d'electricité

1.1 Application Le présent document spécifie, aux bornes de livraison de l’utilisateur du réseau, les caractéristiques principales de tension fournies par un réseau public d’électricité en courant alternatif basse tension, moyenne tension, haute tension et très haute tension dans des conditions normales d’exploitation. Le présent document spécifie uniquement les limites ou les valeurs des caractéristiques de la tension qui peuvent être attendues aux bornes de livraison des réseaux publics d’électricité européens. Les réseaux industriels sont exclus du domaine d’application de l’EN 50160. NOTE 1 Si les réseaux non publics (par exemple quartiers résidentiels, communautés énergétiques, centres de bureaux, centres commerciaux) ont des utilisateurs finals similaires aux réseaux publics, il est fortement conseillé d’appliquer les mêmes exigences que pour les réseaux publics. Le présent document ne s’applique pas dans les situations d’exploitation anormales, notamment dans les cas suivants: a) conditions d’alimentation provisoires pour maintenir les utilisateurs du réseau alimentés à la suite d’une avarie, pendant les travaux d’entretien ou de construction sur le réseau ou pour limiter l’étendue et la durée d’une interruption d’alimentation; b) non-conformité de l’installation ou des équipements de l’utilisateur du réseau aux normes applicables ou aux exigences techniques de raccordement de charges établies soit par les autorités publiques, soit par le gestionnaire de réseau, incluant les limites d’émission de perturbations conduites; NOTE 2 L’installation d’un utilisateur du réseau peut inclure des charges et de la production. c) dans les situations exceptionnelles, en particulier: 1) conditions climatiques exceptionnelles et autres catastrophes naturelles; 2) faits provenant de tiers; 3) décisions d’autorités publiques; 4) faits de grève (soumises à des exigences légales); 5) force majeure; 6) interruptions dues à des causes externes. Les caractéristiques de la tension données dans le présent document font référence aux perturbations conduites dans les réseaux publics d’électricité. Elles ne sont pas destinées à être utilisées comme des niveaux de compatibilité électromagnétique (CEM) ou comme des limites d’émission d’un produit. La qualité de l’alimentation électrique est liée à la CEM de plusieurs façons, notamment parce que le respect des exigences en matière de qualité de l’alimentation électrique dépend du contrôle de l’effet cumulatif des émissions électromagnétiques provenant de tous les équipements et/ou installations ou de plusieurs d’entre eux. C’est pourquoi les caractéristiques relatives à la tension fournies dans le présent document constituent des recommandations pour la spécification des exigences dans les normes de produit des équipements et les normes d’installation. NOTE 3 Les performances d’un équipement peuvent être dégradées si les conditions d’alimentation ne sont pas celles spécifiées dans la norme de produit correspondante. NOTE 4 Le présent document peut être en totalité ou en partie remplacé par les termes d’un contrat conclu entre un utilisateur du réseau et le gestionnaire de réseau. Le partage entre les parties de la gestion des réclamations et des coûts liés à l’atténuation des problèmes est hors du domaine d’application de l’EN 50160. Les méthodes de mesure appliquées dans le présent document sont décrites dans l’EN 61000-4-30. [...]

Značilnosti napetosti v javnih razdelilnih omrežjih

Ta dokument določa glavne značilnosti napetosti na napajalnih priključkih uporabnika omrežja v javnih nizkonapetostnih, srednje, visoko in izjemno visokonapetostnih električnih omrežjih izmeničnega toka v normalnih delovnih pogojih. Dokument določa meje ali vrednosti, znotraj katerih se lahko pričakuje, da se bodo napetostne karakteristike obdržale na katerem koli napajalnem priključku v javnih evropskih električnih omrežjih.
OPOMBA 1:   Če imajo nejavna omrežja (npr. stanovanjske četrti, energetske skupnosti, poslovne stavbe, nakupovalna središča) podobne končne uporabnike kot javna omrežja, je zelo priporočljivo uporabiti enake zahteve kot za javna omrežja.
OPOMBA 2:   Industrijska omrežja so izključena s področja uporabe standarda EN 50160, relevantna je samo povezava z napajalnimi priključki javnega omrežja.
Ta dokument se ne uporablja v neobičajnih pogojih delovanja, kar vključuje:
a)   začasno ureditev oskrbe uporabnikov omrežja pod pogoji, ki nastanejo kot posledica napake, vzdrževalnih in gradbenih del, ali za zmanjšanje obsega in trajanja izgube oskrbe.
b)   primer neskladnosti napeljave ali opreme uporabnika omrežja z ustreznimi standardi ali s tehničnimi zahtevami za povezavo, ki jih določijo bodisi javni organi bodisi operater omrežja, vključno z mejnimi vrednostmi za oddajanje prevajanih motenj.
OPOMBA 4:   Napeljava uporabnika omrežja lahko vključuje obremenitev in generiranje
c)   v izjemnih primerih, zlasti, ko gre za:
1)   izredne vremenske razmere in druge naravne nesreče;
2)   vmešavanje tretje stranke;
3)   ukrepanje organov oblasti;
4)   industrijske ukrepe (v skladu z zakonskimi zahtevami);
5)   višjo silo;
6)   pomanjkanje električne energije zaradi zunanjih dogodkov.
Značilnosti napetosti, navedene v tem dokumentu, se nanašajo na prevodne motnje v javnih elektroenergetskih omrežjih. Niso namenjene za uporabo kot ravni elektromagnetne združljivosti (EMC) ali mejne vrednosti emisij proizvoda.
Kakovost električne energije je povezana z elektromagnetno združljivostjo na več načinov – zlasti zato, ker je skladnost z zahtevami glede kakovosti električne energije odvisna od nadzora kumulativnega učinka elektromagnetnih emisij iz vse/več opreme in/ali naprav. Zato značilnosti napetosti, podane v tem dokumentu, dajejo smernice za določanje zahtev v standardih za izdelke opreme in standardih za namestitev.
OPOMBA 5:   Učinkovitost opreme se lahko poslabša, če je izpostavljena pogojem dobave, ki niso določeni v standardu za izdelek opreme.
OPOMBA 6:   Ta dokument lahko v celoti ali delno nadomestijo pogoji pogodbe med posameznim uporabnikom omrežja in operaterjem omrežja.
OPOMBA 7:   Delitev stroškov upravljanja pritožb in zmanjšanja težav med vpletenimi stranmi ne sodi na področje uporabe standarda EN 50160.
Merilne metode, ki se uporabljajo v tem dokumentu, so opisane v standardu EN 61000 4 30.
1.2   Predmet
Namen tega dokumenta je opredeliti, opisati in določiti značilnosti napajalne napetosti, ki zadeva:
a)   frekvenco;
b)   jakost;
c)   valovno dolžino;
d)   simetrijo napetosti na vodu.
Ta dokument zajema tudi stalne značilnosti napajalne napetosti in druge predvidljive pojave, ki lahko vplivajo na značilnosti napetosti, kot so npr. operativni komunikacijski, nadzorni ali meritveni signali, ki se prenašajo prek električnega voda.
Te značilnosti so podvržene spremembam med normalnim delovanjem oskrbovalnega sistema zaradi sprememb obremenitve, motenj, ki jih povzroča določena oprema, in pojava napak, ki so večinoma posledica zunanjih dogodkov.
Značilnosti se časovno naključno spreminjajo glede na poljubno določen dobavni terminal in prostorsko glede na poljubno časovno točko. Zaradi teh razlik je mogoče pričakovati, da bodo vrednosti značilnosti, podane v tem dokumentu, presežene le ob redkih priložnostih.
[...]

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 15-Dec-2022
• ICS: 29.020 - Electrical engineering in general
• Technical Committee: CLC/TC 8X - System aspects of electrical energy supply
• Drafting Committee: CLC/TC 8X - System aspects of electrical energy supply
• Current Stage: 6060 - Document made available - Publishing
• Start Date: 16-Dec-2022
• Due Date: 22-Jul-2022
• Completion Date: 16-Dec-2022
• Ref Project: SIST EN 50160:2023 - Voltage characteristics of electricity supplied by public distribution networks

Relations

• Replaces: EN 50160:2010/A1:2015 - Voltage characteristics of electricity supplied by public electricity networks
• Effective Date: 20-Dec-2022
• Replaces: EN 50160:2010/A2:2019 - Voltage characteristics of electricity supplied by public electricity networks
• Effective Date: 20-Dec-2022
• Replaces: EN 50160:2010/A3:2019 - Voltage characteristics of electricity supplied by public electricity networks
• Effective Date: 20-Dec-2022
• Replaces: EN 50160:2010 - Voltage characteristics of electricity supplied by public electricity networks
• Effective Date: 24-Dec-2019
• Replaces: EN 50160:2010/AC:2012 - Voltage characteristics of electricity supplied by public electricity networks
• Effective Date: 22-Jan-2023

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN 50160:2023
01-marec-2023
Nadomešča:
SIST EN 50160:2011
SIST EN 50160:2011/A1:2015
SIST EN 50160:2011/A2:2019
SIST EN 50160:2011/A3:2019
SIST EN 50160:2011/AC:2013
Značilnosti napetosti v javnih razdelilnih omrežjih
Voltage characteristics of electricity supplied by public distribution networks
Merkmale der Spannung in öffentlichen Energieversorgungsnetzen
Caractéristiques de la tension fournie par les réseaux publics de distribution
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 50160:2022
ICS:
29.240.01 Omrežja za prenos in Power transmission and
distribucijo električne energije distribution networks in
na splošno general
SIST EN 50160:2023 en

2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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SIST EN 50160:2023
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SIST EN 50160:2023
EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 50160
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM December 2022
ICS 29.020 Supersedes EN 50160:2010;
EN 50160:2010/corrigendum Dec. 2010;
EN 50160:2010/AC:2012; EN 50160:2010/A1:2015;
EN 50160:2010/A2:2019; EN 50160:2010/A3:2019
English Version
Voltage characteristics of electricity supplied by public electricity
networks

Caractéristiques de la tension fournie par les réseaux Merkmale der Spannung in öffentlichen

publics d´electricité Energieversorgungsnetzen

This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2022-11-07. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC

Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.

Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC

Management Centre or to any CENELEC member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation

under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the

same status as the official versions.

CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech Republic,

Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the

Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,

Türkiye and the United Kingdom.
European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels

© 2022 CENELEC All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC Members.

Ref. No. EN 50160:2022 E
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SIST EN 50160:2023
EN 50160:2022 (E)
Contents

Contents ..................................................................................................................................................... 2

European foreword .................................................................................................................................... 3

1 Scope ............................................................................................................................................. 4

2 Normative references ................................................................................................................... 5

3 Terms and definitions .................................................................................................................. 5

4 Low-voltage supply characteristics ..........................................................................................12

5 Medium-voltage supply characteristics ...................................................................................19

6 High-voltage supply characteristics .........................................................................................25

7 Extra-high-voltage supply characteristics ...............................................................................30

Annex A (informative) Special nature of electricity ............................................................................35

Annex B (informative) Indicative values for voltage events and single rapid voltage changes ....37

Annex C (informative) Additional Information relating to “Other Phenomena” ..............................41

Annex D (informative) Relationship between Power Quality and EMC.............................................43

Annex E (informative) A-deviations ......................................................................................................49

Bibliography .............................................................................................................................................52

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SIST EN 50160:2023
EN 50160:2022 (E)
European foreword

This document (EN 50160:2022) has been prepared by CLC TC8X “System aspects of electrical energy supply”.

The following dates are fixed:
• latest date by which this document has to be (dop) 2023-11-07
implemented at national level by publication of
an identical national standard or by
endorsement
• latest date by which the national standards (dow) 2025-11-07
conflicting with this document have to be
withdrawn

This document supersedes EN 50160:2010 and all of its amendments and corrigenda (if any).

EN 50160:2022 includes the following significant technical changes with respect to EN 50160:2010:

— implementation of amendments A2 (new frequency range 2-150 kHz, amendment on power frequency) and

A3 (changed value on 15th and 21st harmonic in LV);
— The Norway A-deviation (amendment A1) was slightly modified;
— slight clarifications in the scope;
— integration of a new clause “extra high voltage”;
— clarification to dips and swells;
— new Annex D: PQ versus EMC.

Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent

rights. CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.

Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users’ national committee. A complete

listing of these bodies can be found on the CENELEC website.
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SIST EN 50160:2023
EN 50160:2022 (E)
1 Scope
1.1 Application

This document specifies the main characteristics of the voltage at a network user's supply terminals in public

low voltage, medium, high, and extra-high voltage AC electricity networks under normal operating conditions.

This document specifies the limits or values within which the voltage characteristics can be expected to remain

at any supply terminal in public European electricity networks, only. Industrial networks are excluded from the

scope of EN 50160.

NOTE 1 If non-public networks (e.g. residential quarters, energy communities, office centres, shopping centres) have

similar end-users as public networks, it is strongly advised to apply the same requirements as for public networks.

This document does not apply under abnormal operating conditions, including the following:

a) a temporary supply arrangement to keep network users supplied during conditions arising as a result of a

fault, maintenance and construction work, or to minimize the extent and duration of a loss of supply;

b) in the case of non-compliance of a network user's installation or equipment with the relevant standards or

with the technical requirements for connection, established either by the public authorities or the network

operator, including the limits for the emission of conducted disturbances;
NOTE 2 A network user’s installation can include load and generation.
c) in exceptional situations, in particular:
1) exceptional weather conditions and other natural disasters;
2) third party interference;
3) acts by public authorities,
4) industrial actions (subject to legal requirements);
5) force majeure;
6) power shortages resulting from external events.

The voltage characteristics given in this document refer to conducted disturbances in public electric power

networks. They are not intended to be used as electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) levels or product emission

limits.

Power quality is related to EMC in several ways – especially because compliance with power quality

requirements depends on the control of cumulative effect of electromagnetic emissions from all/multiple

equipment and/or installations. Therefore, the voltage characteristics given in this document gives guidance for

specifying requirements in equipment product standards and in installation standards.

NOTE 3 The performance of equipment might be impaired if it is subjected to supply conditions which are not specified

in the equipment product standard.

NOTE 4 This document can be superseded in total or in part by the terms of a contract between the individual network

user and the network operator.

The sharing of complaint management and problem mitigation costs between the involved parties is outside the

scope of EN 50160.

Measurement methods to be applied in this document are described in EN 61000-4-30.

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SIST EN 50160:2023
EN 50160:2022 (E)
1.2 Objective

The objective of this document is to define, describe and specify the characteristics of the supply voltage

concerning:
a) Frequency;
b) Magnitude;
c) Waveform;
d) Symmetry of the line voltages.

This document also covers the continuous characteristics of the supply voltage and other foreseeable

phenomena which may influence the voltage characteristics, such as e.g. operational communication,

monitoring or measurement signals which are transmitted via power lines.

These characteristics are subject to variations during the normal operation of a supply system due to changes

of load, disturbances generated by certain equipment and the occurrence of faults which are mainly caused by

external events.

The characteristics vary in a manner which is random in time, with reference to any specific supply terminal,

and random in location, with reference to any given instant of time. Because of these variations, the values

given in this document for the characteristics can be expected to be exceeded on a small number of occasions.

Some of the phenomena affecting the voltage are particularly unpredictable, which make it very difficult to give

useful definite values for the corresponding characteristics. The values given in this document for the voltage

characteristics associated with such phenomena, e.g. voltage dips and voltage interruptions, are interpreted

accordingly.
2 Normative references

The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes

requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the

latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.

EN 61000-4-30:2015, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) — Part 4-30: Testing and measurement techniques

— Power quality measurement methods (IEC 61000-4-30:2015)
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.

ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:

— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https://www.electropedia.org/
3.1 Electric power network
3.1.1
public electric power network

electric power network to which any network user has access, and which is operated by a regulated (licenced)

network operator
3.1.2
closed distribution network

system which distributes electricity within an industrial, commercial, or shared service or residential sites, that

is geographically confined
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SIST EN 50160:2023
EN 50160:2022 (E)
Note 1 to entry: Closed distribution networks may be private networks.
[SOURCE: Directive 2009/72/EC, Article 28, modified].
3.1.3
point of supply POS
supply terminal

point in an electric power network designated as such and contractually fixed, at which electric energy is

exchanged between contractual partners
[SOURCE: IEV 614-01-02]

Note 1 to entry: In practice it is the location of the interface between the public supply network and a closed distribution

network or a network user. The characteristics of the voltage that a network user can expect according to EN 50160 apply

at the Point of Supply (supply terminals).
3.1.4
point of connection POC

reference point on the electric power system where the user’s electrical facility is connected

[SOURCE: IEV 617-04-01]

Note 1 to entry: In some regions the point of supply (supply terminals) is labelled as the point of connection (POC). In

practice, the connection to a power system can be one to the public supply network or in some cases to a closed distribution

network one. It is worth noting that many standards use the term “point of connection” generally for an interface which is

dealt with in the relevant context of the standard.
3.1.5
network operator

party responsible for operating, ensuring the maintenance of, and if necessary, developing, the supply network

in a given area and responsible for ensuring the long term ability of the network to meet reasonable demands

for electricity supply
3.1.6
(power) network user
party being supplied by or supplying to an electricity supply network

Note 1 to entry: In several countries, the term network user includes network operators connected to a supply network

with the same or higher voltage level.
3.1.7
power quality PQ

characteristics of the electricity at a given point on an electrical system, evaluated against a set of reference

technical parameters

Note 1 to entry: These parameters might, in some cases, relate to the compatibility between electricity supplied on a

network and the loads connected to that network.

Note 2 to entry: In the context of this document, power quality refers to the supply terminals and focusses on defining the

characteristics of the voltage and frequency.
3.1.8
conducted disturbance

electromagnetic phenomenon propagated along the line conductors of a supply network

Note 1 to entry: In some cases, an electromagnetic phenomenon is propagated across transformer windings and hence

between networks of different voltage levels. These disturbances may degrade the performance of a device, equipment or

system or they may cause damage.
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SIST EN 50160:2023
EN 50160:2022 (E)
3.1.9
normal operating condition

operating condition for an electricity network, where load and generation demands are met, system switching

operations are made and faults are cleared by automatic protection systems, in the absence of exceptional

circumstances
Note 1 to entry: Frequent examples of exceptional circumstances are:
▪ temporary supply arrangement;

▪ in the case of non-compliance of a network user’s installation or equipment with the relevant standards or with the

technical requirements for connection;
▪ exceptional situations, such as:
o exceptional weather conditions and other natural disasters;
o third party interference;
o acts by public authorities;
o industrial actions (subject to legal requirements);
o force majeure;
o power shortages resulting from external events.
3.1.10
supply interruption

condition in which the voltage at the supply terminals is lower than 5 % of the reference voltage

Note 1 to entry: Classification: a supply interruption can be classified as prearranged, when network users are informed

in advance, or accidental, caused by permanent or transient faults, mostly related to external events, equipment failures or

interference. An accidental interruption is classified as:
— a long interruption (longer than 3 min).
— a short interruption (up to and including 3 min).

Note 2 to entry: Normally, interruptions are caused by the operation of switches or protective devices.

Note 3 to entry: The effect of a prearranged interruption can be minimized by network users by taking appropriate

measures.

Note 4 to entry: Prearranged interruptions are typically due to the execution of scheduled works on the electricity network.

Note 5 to entry: Accidental supply interruptions are unpredictable, largely random events.

Note 6 to entry: For polyphase systems, an interruption occurs when the voltage falls below 5 % of the reference voltage

on all phases (otherwise, it is considered to be a dip).

Note 7 to entry: In some countries, the term Very Short Interruptions (VSI) or transitory interruptions are used to classify

interruptions with duration shorter than 1 s to 5 s. Such interruptions are related to automatic reclosing device operation.

Note 8 to entry: This point can differ from, for example, the electricity metering point or the point of common coupling.

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SIST EN 50160:2023
EN 50160:2022 (E)
3.2 Reference voltages and frequency
3.2.1
extra high voltage
EHV
voltage with a nominal rms-value 150 kV < U ≤ 800 kV
3.2.2
high voltage
voltage with a nominal rms-value 36 kV < U ≤ 150 kV
3.2.3
medium voltage
voltage with a nominal rms-value is 1 kV < U ≤ 36 kV
3.2.4
low voltage
voltage with a nominal rms-value is U ≤ 1 kV
3.2.5
nominal voltage

voltage by which a supply network is designated or identified and to which certain operating characteristics are

referred
3.2.6
supply voltage

rms-value of the voltage at a given time at the supply terminal, measured over a given interval

3.2.7
declared supply voltage
supply voltage agreed by the network operator and the network user

Note 1 to entry: Generally declared supply voltage U is the nominal voltage U but it may be different according to the

c n
agreement between the network operator and the network user.
3.2.8
reference voltage

value specified as the base on which residual voltage, thresholds and other values are expressed in per unit or

percentage terms

Note 1 to entry: For the purpose of this document, the reference voltage is the nominal or declared voltage of the supply

system.

Note 2 to entry: This term is used in relation to interruptions, voltage dips and voltage swell evaluation.

3.2.9
frequency of the supply voltage

repetition rate of the fundamental wave of the supply voltage measured over a given interval of time

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SIST EN 50160:2023
EN 50160:2022 (E)
3.2.10
nominal frequency
nominal value of the frequency of the supply voltage
3.3 Phenomena
3.3.1
voltage variation
increase or decrease of rms-voltage normally due to load variations
3.3.2
voltage fluctuation
series of voltage changes or a cyclic variation of the voltage envelope
[SOURCE: IEV 161-08-05, modified]
3.3.3
rapid voltage change

single rapid variation of the rms-value of a voltage between two consecutive levels which are sustained for

definite but unspecified durations
Note 1 to entry: For more information see EN 61000-3-3 and EN 61000-4-30.
3.3.4
flicker

impression of unsteadiness of visual sensation induced by a light stimulus whose luminance or spectral

distribution fluctuates with time
[SOURCE: IEV 161-08-13]
3.3.5
flicker severity
intensity of flicker annoyance evaluated by the following quantities:
— short term severity (P ) measured over a period of ten minutes

— long term severity (P ) calculated from a sequence of twelve P -values over a two-hour interval, according

lt st
to the following expression
PP= / 12
lt ∑ sti
i=1
3.3.6
harmonic voltage U

sinusoidal voltage with a frequency equal to an integer multiple of the fundamental frequency of the supply

voltage

Note 1 to entry: Application: Harmonic voltages can be evaluated individually, by their relative amplitude (u ) which is the

harmonic voltage related to the fundamental voltage U1, where h is the order of the harmonic, or globally, for example by

the total harmonic distortion factor THD, calculated using the following expression:

THD= U/U
( )
∑ hn
n=2
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3.3.7
interharmonic voltage

sinusoidal voltage with a frequency not equal to an integer multiple of the fundamental

Note 1 to entry: Interharmonic voltages at closely adjacent frequencies can appear at the same time forming a wide band

spectrum.
3.3.8
voltage unbalance

condition in a polyphase system in which the rms-values of the line-to-line voltages (fundamental component),

or the phase angles between consecutive line voltages, are not all equal

Note 1 to entry: The degree of the inequality is usually expressed as the ratios of the negative and zero sequence

components to the positive sequence component.

Note 2 to entry: In this document, voltage unbalance is considered in relation to three-phase systems and negative phase

sequence only.
[SOURCE: IEV 161-08-09, modified]
3.3.9
voltage dip

temporary reduction of the rms-voltage at a point in the electrical supply system below a specified start threshold

Note 1 to entry: Application: for the purpose of this document, the dip start threshold is equal to 90 % of the reference

voltage.

Note 2 to entry: Typically, a dip is associated with the occurrence and termination of a short circuit or other extreme current

increase on the system or installations connected to it.

Note 3 to entry: For the purpose of this document, a voltage dip is a two-dimensional electromagnetic disturbance, the

level of which is determined by both voltage and time (duration).
3.3.10
voltage dip duration

time between the instant at which the rms-voltage at a particular point of an electricity supply system falls below

the start threshold and the instant at which it rises to the end threshold

Note 1 to entry: Application: for the purpose of the standard, the duration of a voltage dip is from 10 ms up to and including

1 min.

Note 2 to entry: For polyphase events, a dip begins when one voltage falls below the dip start threshold and ends when

all voltages are equal to or above the dip end threshold.
3.3.11
voltage dip start threshold

rms-value of the voltage on an electricity supply system specified for the purpose of defining the start of a

voltage dip
3.3.12
voltage dip end threshold

rms-value of the voltage on an electricity supply system specified for the purpose of defining the end of a voltage

dip
3.3.13
voltage dip residual voltage
minimum value of rms- voltage recorded during a voltage dip
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Note 1 to entry: For the purpose of this document, the residual voltage is expressed as a percentage of the reference

voltage.
3.3.14
transient overvoltage

short duration oscillatory or non-oscillatory overvoltage usually highly damped and with a duration of a few

milliseconds or less

Note 1 to entry: Transient overvoltages are usually caused by lightning, switching or operation of fuses. The rise time of a

transient overvoltage can vary from less than a microsecond up to a few milliseconds.

[SOURCE: IEV 604-03-14, modified]
3.3.15
voltage swell
temporary power frequency overvoltage

temporary increase of the rms-voltage at a point in the electrical supply system above a specified start threshold

Note 1 to entry: Application: for the purpose of this document, the swell start threshold is equal to the 110 % of the

reference voltage (see CLC/TR 50542-1:2018, Clause 3, for more information).

Note 2 to entry: For the purpose of this document, a voltage swell is a two-dimensional electromagnetic disturbance, the

level of which is determined by both voltage and time (duration).

Note 3 to entry: Voltage swells may appear between live conductors or between live conductors and earth. Depending on

the neutral arrangement, faults to ground may also give rise to overvoltages between healthy phases and neutral.

3.3.16
voltage swell duration

time between the instant at which the rms-voltage at a particular point of an electricity supply system exceeds

the start threshold and the instant at which it falls below the end threshold

Note 1 to entry: Application: for the purpose of this document, the duration of a voltage swell is from 10 ms up to and

including 1 min.
3.3.17
voltage swell end threshold

rms-value of the voltage on an electricity supply system specified for the purpose of defining the end of a voltage

swell
3.3.18
voltage swell start threshold

rms-value of the voltage on an electricity supply system specified for the purpose of defining the start of a

voltage swell
3.3.19
mains communicating system
MCS

electrical system using signals to transmit information on electricity supply systems, either on the public electric

power network or within installations of network users
3.3.20
mains signalling voltage

signal superimposed on the supply voltage for the purpose of transmission of information in the public supply

network and to network users' premises

Note 1 to entry: Classification: three types of signals in the public supply network can be classified:

— ripple control signals: superimposed sinusoidal voltage signals in the frequency range 110 Hz to 3 000 Hz;

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— power-line-carrier signals: superimposed sinusoidal voltage signals in the frequency range 3 kHz to 148,5 kHz;

— mains marking signals: superimposed short time alterations (transients) at selected points of the voltage waveform.

4 Low-voltage supply characteristics
4.1 General

This clause describes the voltage characteristics of electricity supplied by public low voltage networks. In the

following, a distinction is made between

— continuous phenomena, i.e. deviations from the nominal value that occur continuously over time. Such

phenomena occur mainly due to load or generation pattern, changes of load or nonlinear loads;

— voltage events, i.e. sudden, and significant deviations from normal or desired wave shape. Voltage events

typically occur due to unpredictable events (e.g. faults) or to external causes (e.g. weather conditions, third

party actions);

— other phenomena, i.e. phenomena occurring in the presence of mains communicating systems (MCS)

and/or equipment using switch-mode technology connected to the grid.
1 2

For some continuous phenomena, limits are specified ; for voltage events, only indicative values can be given

at present (see Annex B).

The standard nominal voltage U for public low voltage is U = 230 V, either between phase and neutral, or

n n
between phases.
— for four-wire three phase systems:
U = 230 V between phase and neutral.
— for three-wire three phase systems:
U = 230 V between phases.
NOTE In low voltage systems declared and nominal voltage are equal.
4.2 Continuous phenomena
4.2.1 Power frequency

The nominal frequency of the supply voltage shall be 50 Hz. Under normal operating conditions the mean value

of the fundamental frequency measured over 10 s shall be within a range of:
— for systems with synchronous connection to an interconnected system:
50 Hz ± 1 % (i.e. 49,5 Hz... 50,5 Hz) during 99,5 % of a year;
50 Hz + 4 % / - 6 % (i.e. 47 Hz... 52 Hz) during 100 % of the time.

— for systems with no synchronous connection to an interconnected system (e.g. supply systems on certain

islands):
50 Hz ± 2 % (i.e. 49 Hz ... 51 Hz) during 95 % of a week;

For single rapid voltage changes, only indicative values are given for the time being.

For some specific parameters, in some national regulations stricter limits may exist.

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50 Hz ± 15 % (i.e. 42,5 Hz ... 57,5 Hz) during 100 % of the time.

NOTE 1 This document defines the frequency range for normal operating conditions. During exceptional conditions wider

frequency can apply temporarily in order to maintain the continuity of electricity supply.

NOTE 2 Related monitoring is usually done by the Control Area Operator.
4.2.2 Supply voltage variations
4.2.2.1 Requirements

Under normal operating conditions excluding the periods with interruptions, supply voltage variations should not

exceed ± 10 % of the nominal voltage U .

In cases of electricity supplies in networks not interconnected with transmission systems or for special remote

network users, voltage variations should not exceed + 10 % / - 15 % of U . Network users should be informed

of the conditions.

The actual power consumption or generation required by individual network users is not fully predictable, in

terms of amount and of contemporaneity. Therefore, networks are generally designed on a probabilistic basis.

If, following a complaint, measurements carried out by the network operator according to 4.2.2.2 indicate that

the magnitude of the supply voltage departs beyond the limits given in 4.2.2.2 causing negative consequences

for the network user, the network operator should take remedial action in collaboration with the network user(s)

depending on a risk assessment. Temporarily, for the time needed to sol
...