EN 61610:1996
(Main)Prints and transparencies produced from electronic sources - Assessment of image quality
Prints and transparencies produced from electronic sources - Assessment of image quality
Applies to the assessment of image attribution on prints and transparencies produced from electronic sources. Specifies test signals, measurement conditions and forms of reporting the results so as to make possible comparison of the results of measurement. Applicable to a wide quality range of colour prints and transparencies.
Beurteilung der Bildqualität von durch elektronischen Quellen erzeugten reflektierenden und transparenten Reproduktionen
Images imprimées et transparents obtenus à partir de sources électroniques - Evaluation de la qualité de l'image
S'applique à l'évaluation des attributs des images produites à partir de sources électroniques sur des imprimés ou des transparents. Spécifie les signaux d'essai, les conditions de mesure et la manière de présenter les résultats dans le but de rendre possible la comparaison de résultat de mesure. S'appliquent à une grande variété de qualité d'imprimées et de transparents en couleur.
Prints and transparencies produced from electronic sources - Assessment of image quality (IEC 61610:1995)
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-april-1999
Prints and transparencies produced from electronic sources - Assessment of
image quality (IEC 61610:1995)
Prints and transparencies produced from electronic sources - Assessment of image
quality
Beurteilung der Bildqualität von durch elektronischen Quellen erzeugten reflektierenden
und transparenten Reproduktionen
Images imprimées et transparents obtenus à partir de sources électroniques - Evaluation
de la qualité de l'image
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 61610:1996
ICS:
35.240.20 Uporabniške rešitve IT pri IT applications in office work
pisarniškem delu
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
NORME CEI
INTERNATIONALE IEC
INTERNATIONAL
Première
édition
STANDARD
First edition
1995-11
Images imprimées et transparents obtenus
à partir des sources électroniques —
Evaluation de la qualité de l'image
Prints and transparencies produced
from electronic sources —
Assessment of image quality
CEI 1995 Droits de reproduction réservés — Copyright — all rights reserved
©
Aucune partie de cette publication ne peut être reproduite ni No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in
utilisée sous quelque forme que ce soit et par aucun pro- any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical,
cédé, électronique ou mécanique, y compris la photocopie et including photocopying and microfilm, without permission
les microfilms, sans l'accord écrit de l'éditeur. in writing from the publisher.
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1610 © IEC:1995 - 3
CONTENTS
Page
FOREWORD
Clause
1 Scope 7
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Conditions
Environmental conditions 4.1
4.2 Conditions of measurement
Conditions of calculation 4.3
5 Methods of measurements
5.1 Gamut of colours
5.2 Reproduced colours 25
Colour rendering 5.3
5.4 Grey balance
Grey scale reproduction (tone reproduction) 35
5.5
37 5.6 Grey non-uniformity
Resolution 5.7
43 Image stability under exposure to light (light fastness)
5.8
Image stability under exposure to heat (heat fastness) 5.9
5.10 Reproducible dimensional r ange
5.11 Flat field modulation
5.12 Contouring 57
5.13 Spatial linearity
61 5.14 Misregistration
Annexes
Specification of the input signal for the measurement of reproduced colours
A
B Bibliography
- 5
1610 © IEC:1995
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
PRINTS AND TRANSPARENCIES
-
PRODUCED FROM ELECTRONIC SOURCES
ASSESSMENT OF IMAGE QUALITY
FOREWORD
ational Electrotechnical Commission) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
1) The IEC (Intern
the IEC is to promote
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of
the electrical and electronic fields. To this
ational co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in
intern
ational Standards. Their preparation is entrusted to
in addition to other activities, the IEC publishes Intern
end and
subject dealt with may participate in this
the
technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in
non-governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also
preparatory work. International, governmental and
e Inte ational Organization for Standardization
participate in this preparation. The IEC collaborates closely with th rn
greement between the two organizations.
(ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by a
ress as nearly as possible, an international
2) The formal decisions or agreements of the IEC on technical matters, exp
relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all interested
the
consensus of opinion on
National Committees.
rnational use and are published in the form
The documents produced have the form of recommendations for inte
3)
e National Committees in that sense.
of standards, technical reports or guides and they are accepted by th
rnational
ational unification, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Inte
4) In order to promote inte rn
maximum extent possible in their national and regional st andards. Any divergence
andards transparently to the
St
dard shall be clearly indicated in the
andard and the corresponding national or regional st an
between the IEC St
latter.
and cannot be rendered responsible for any
5) The IEC provides no marking procedure to indicate its approval
equipment declared to be in conformity with one of its standards.
elements of this Inte rnational Standard may be the subject of
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the
6)
patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
rnational Standard IEC 1610 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 84: Equipment
Inte
and systems in the field of audio, video and audiovisual engineering.
The text of this standard is based upon the following documents:
Report on voting
FDIS
84 /443/RVD
84/399 /1-VIS
Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on
voting indicated in the above table.
Annex A forms an integral part of this standard.
Annex B is for information only.
1610 © IEC:1995 - 7
PRINTS AND TRANSPARENCIES
PRODUCED FROM ELECTRONIC SOURCES —
ASSESSMENT OF IMAGE QUALITY
1 Scope
This International Standard applies to the assessment of image attributes on prints and
transparencies produced from electronic sources. Assessment of the equipment itself which
produces prints and transparencies is outside the scope.
and
This standard specifies test signals, measurement conditions forms of reporting the results so
as to make possible the comparison of the results of measurements. The methods of measurement
are designed to make possible the assessment of the image quality of prints and transparencies
produced from electronic sources. The electronic sources are either an alogue or digital signals of
tran
defined format, whose corresponding images are reproduced on either a sparent or a
non-transparent medium.
andard are designed to be applicable to a wide quality r ange
The methods of measurement in this st
of colour prints and transparencies. This range runs from a small piece of image for consumer use
to a large and precise image for professional use. The prints and transparencies may be produced
either by colour video printers with analogue inputs for consumer use, by professional colour
image printers with digital inputs or by any other electronic means.
This standard does not specify limiting values for various parameters.
2 Normative references
The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text,
constitute provisions of this International Standard. At the time of publication, the editions
indicated were valid. All normative documents are subject to revision, and pa rties to agreements
ational Standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the
based on this Intern
most recent editions of the normative documents indicated below. Members of IEC and ISO
maintain registers of currently valid Inte rnational Standards.
International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) Chapter 845: Lighting
IEC 50(845): 1987,
ISO 5-1: 1984, Photography – Density measurements – Part 1: Terms, symbols and notations
Photography – Density measurements – Part 2: Geometric conditions for
ISO 5-2: 1991,
transmission density
ISO 5-3: 1984, Photography – Density measurements – Part 3: Spectral conditions
Photography – Density measurements – Part 4: Geometric conditions for
ISO 5-4: 1983,
reflection density
ISO/CIE' 10526: 1991, CIE standard for colorimetric illuminants
1) CIE stands for the International Commission on Illumination.
1610 © IEC:1995 - 9
ISO/CIE 10527: 1991, CIE standard colorimetric observers
CIE 15.1: 1972, Special metamerism index: Change in illuminant
CIE 15.2: 1986, Colorimetry
Special metamerism index: Change in obse rver
CIE Technical Report 80: 1989,
Nomenclature and description of colour bar signals
ITU-le Recommendation BT 471-1: 1990,
Terms and definitions
ational Standard, the following definitions apply.
For the purpose of this Intern
Visible, two-dimensional representation of electronic signals intended to form a
3.1 image:
picture.
Apparatus which supplies electronic signals of analogue or digital form
3.2 electronic source:
input to equipment that produces coloured images.
carrying colorimetric information to be used as
an image.
Substance within which the equipment produces
3.3 medium:
for a medium.
substrate: Substance providing support
3.4
ce of the image-making
an electronic source to enable the perform an
3.5 test signal: Output of
equipment to be assessed.
opaque substrate.
Reproduced image formed on an
3.6 print:
ansparent substrate.
transparency: Reproduced image formed on a tr
3.7
image quality: Objective quality of an image.
3.8
ase ten of the reciprocal of definite integral of the
3.9 integrated density: Logarithm to b
dard luminous efficiency function with the spectr al reflectance or
spectral product of the CIE st an
transmittance.
spectral
NOTE – The notations for integrated densities are modified from those specified in ISO 5-1 for the sake of
avoiding confusion.
Three-dimensional maximum range of reproducible colours expressed
gamut of colours:
3.10
colour space defined in CIE 15.2.
in CIE 1976 L `a`b *
Colours produced by signals from the electronic source, which when
3.11 primary colours:
formed by the additive process are red, green and blue, or by the subtractive process are yellow,
cyan and magenta.
Colours produced by a mixture of two primary colours.
3.12 secondary colours:
Reproduced primary colours and secondary colours.
3.13 saturated colours:
NOTE – Saturation means the maximum excitation purity (chromaticity), limited by each specific system.
Formerly CCIR Recommendation.
1)
1610 © IEC:1995 - 11 -
3.14 colour bars: Test signal which carries colorimetric information on black, white and
saturated colours.
3.15 reproduced colours: Colorimetric information measured from the reproduced image
L *
expressed in CIE 1976 a*b * colour space which is defined in CIE 15.2.
3.16 tone reproduction: Colorimetric relation between a test signal which is intended to produce
d
an achromatic image an the image actually produced.
4 Conditions
4.1 Environmental conditions
All measurements shall be carried out within the environmental conditions as specified by the
d transparencies, unless otherwise
manufacturer of the equipment which produces prints an
specified by this st andard.
The environmental conditions during measurement, at least the room temperature and the relative
humidity, shall be reported together with the presentation of the results of measurements.
4.2 Conditions of measurement
al
Any adjustable parameters shall be set to the manufacturer's recommended or defaults v ues. An
adequate warm-up time shall be allowed.
The test images shall be produced by applying the test signals to the equipment following the
manufacturer's specification. The medium on which the images are produced shall be the one
specified by the manufacturer of the equipment.
The measurements of image quality of prints and transparencies shall be carried out by measuring
tral density and
the optical characteristics of reflectance or transmittance, respectively. Optical spec
an
integrated density may be used for specific measurements in this st dard.
Each test signal of known characteristics shall be generated to produce the image which is
specified in this standard. The image shall be measured without any time interv al, unless otherwise
specified. Spectral radiation or spectr al reflectance should be measured over the wavelengths from
360 nm to 780 nm, but shall be measured at least from 400 nm to 700 nm in 10 nm, and 5 nm
steps for incandescent lamps and fluorescent lamps, respectively.
If the input signal to equipment which produces prints or transparencies is expressed in a set of
digital codes whose colorimetric coordinate values for four colours (white, red, green and blue)
in the CIE 1931 xy chromaticity diagram defined in CIE 15.2 are different from those
dard colours for conventional television systems [1]*, these values shall
corresponding to the st an
an blue.
be specified by the manufacturer of the equipment for the four colours: white, red, green, d
These coordinate values shall be used to translate the actual input information to corresponding
tristimulus values by the method given in [2] to obtain the conversion coefficients.
* Numbers in square brackets refer to annex B, Bibliography.
1610 © IEC:1995 - 13 -
NOTES
al reflectance should be measured using a spectrophotometer with either 0/5 or 45/0 geometry as
1 The spectr
stated in ISO 5-4.
the
2 Reflectance (optical) density is defined as logarithm to base ten of the reciprocal of reflectance
the reflectance is composed of regular reflectance and diffuse
[IEV 845-04-65]. The IEV also states that
the instruments and the
and that the results of measurements of these reflectances depend on
reflectance,
measuring techniques used [IEV 845-04-62]. The same applies for transmittance (optical) density
[IEV 845-04-66, IEV 845-04-59, IEV 845-04-63].
calculation
4.3 Conditions of
4.3.1 Illuminants and colorimetric observers
andard
ant C or D65 defined in ISO/CIE 10526 and the CIE 1931 st
The CIE standard i llumin
colorimetric observer defined for a view angle of 2° in ISO/CIE 10527 should be used for
lluminant is used, it shall be reported. For
calculation of the tristimulus v alues. If any another i
reflective density may be used, but it
some measurements, optical transmittance density and
should be noted that the measured values depend on the instruments used for the measurement.
4.3.2 Tristimulus values
t colours shall be calculated by the
and illuminan
The tristimulus values for object colours
al
al radiation, S(A), of the st andard illuminant, the spectr
summations of the products of the spectr
the colour matching functions, x(71) , y(71) , z(11) as
transmittance or reflectance, p(A), and
defined by the following formulae:
p(1) ;(l) dl
- 1
X=
S ( )
K vis
1 l ,1) dl
Y= f S( )
...
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