EN IEC 63563-1:2025
(Main)Qi Specification version 2.0 - Part 1: Introduction
Qi Specification version 2.0 - Part 1: Introduction
IEC 63563-1:2025 introduces the Qi Specification, which applies to flat surface devices such as mobile phones and tablets that use up to 15 W of power
Qi Spezifikation Version 2.0 - Teil 1: Einführung
Spécification Qi version 2.0 - Partie 1: Introduction
Različica specifikacije Qi 2.0 - 1. del: Uvod (Hitri postopek)
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN IEC 63563-1:2024
01-julij-2024
Različica specifikacije Qi 2.0 - 1. del: Uvod (Hitri postopek)
Qi Specification version 2.0 - Part 1: Introduction (Fast track)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN IEC 63563-1:2024
ICS:
29.240.99 Druga oprema v zvezi z Other equipment related to
omrežji za prenos in power transmission and
distribucijo električne energije distribution networks
33.160.99 Druga avdio, video in Other audio, video and
avdiovizuelna oprema audiovisual equipment
35.200 Vmesniška in povezovalna Interface and interconnection
oprema equipment
oSIST prEN IEC 63563-1:2024 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
oSIST prEN IEC 63563-1:2024
oSIST prEN IEC 63563-1:2024
100/4122/CDV
COMMITTEE DRAFT FOR VOTE (CDV)
PROJECT NUMBER:
IEC 63563-1 ED1
DATE OF CIRCULATION: CLOSING DATE FOR VOTING:
2024-05-03 2024-07-26
SUPERSEDES DOCUMENTS:
IEC TA 15 : WIRELESS POWER TRANSFER
SECRETARIAT: SECRETARY:
Korea, Republic of Mr Ockwoo Nam
OF INTEREST TO THE FOLLOWING COMMITTEES: PROPOSED HORIZONTAL STANDARD:
TC 106,TC 108
Other TC/SCs are requested to indicate their interest, if any,
in this CDV to the secretary.
FUNCTIONS CONCERNED:
EMC ENVIRONMENT QUALITY ASSURANCE SAFETY
SUBMITTED FOR CENELEC PARALLEL VOTING NOT SUBMITTED FOR CENELEC PARALLEL VOTING
This document is still under study and subject to change. It should not be used for reference purposes.
Recipients of this document are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they
are aware and to provide supporting documentation.
Recipients of this document are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant “In Some Countries”
clauses to be included should this proposal proceed. Recipients are reminded that the CDV stage is the final stage for
submitting ISC clauses. (SEE AC/22/2007 OR NEW GUIDANCE DOC).
TITLE:
Qi Specification version 2.0 - Part 1: Introduction (Fast track)
PROPOSED STABILITY DATE: 2029
NOTE FROM TC/SC OFFICERS:
This document is only in PDF format. IEC and WPC has been agreed to use the pdf files as this is an adoption.
electronic file, to make a copy and to print out the content for the sole purpose of preparing National Committee positions.
You may not copy or "mirror" the file or printed version of the document, or any part of it, for any other purpose without
permission in writing from IEC.
oSIST prEN IEC 63563-1:2024
WIRELESS POWER
CONSORTIUM
Qi Specification
Introduction
Version 2.0
April 2023
oSIST prEN IEC 63563-1:2024
COPYRIGHT
© 2023 by the Wireless Power Consortium, Inc. All rights reserved.
Photos of the TYLT Vu wireless charger are copyrighted by Technocel and are reprinted by
permission.
The QiSpecification, Introduction, is published by the Wireless Power Consortium and has been
prepared by the members of the Wireless Power Consortium. Reproduction in whole or in part is
prohibited without express and prior written permission of the Wireless Power Consortium.
DISCLAIMER
The information contained herein is believed to be accurate as of the date of publication,
but is provided “as is” and may contain errors. The Wireless Power Consortium makes no
warranty, express or implied, with respect to this document and its contents, including any
warranty of title, ownership, merchantability, or fitness for a particular use or purpose.
Neither the Wireless Power Consortium, nor any member of the Wireless Power
Consortium will be liable for errors in this document or for any damages, including indirect
or consequential, from use of or reliance on the accuracy of this document. For any further
explanation of the contents of this document, or in case of any perceived inconsistency or ambiguity
of interpretation, contact: info@wirelesspowerconsortium.com.
RELEASE HISTORY
Specification Version Release Date Description
2.0 April 2023 Initial release of the v2.0 Qi Specification.
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Table of Contents
1 About the Wireless Power Consortium. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
2 What is the Qi wireless power transfer system? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
3 How Qi wireless power transfer works. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
3.1 Basic concepts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
3.2 Examples of Qi wireless products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
4 Qi wireless power transfer features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
4.1 Power levels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
4.2 Operating frequency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
4.3 Charging area. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
4.4 Coupling requirements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
4.5 Communication protocol. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
4.6 Foreign object handling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
5 Structure of the QiSpecification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
6 Product certification and registration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
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1 About the Wireless Power Consortium
The Wireless Power Consortium (WPC) is a worldwide organization that develops and promotes
the global interface standard for wireless power transfer called Qi . Interface standards ensure the
interoperability of devices that conform to that standard. Supported by more than 600 companies
and with thousands of certified products, Qi has become the international wireless-charging
standard for hand-held consumer electronics.
This document introduces the QiSpecification, which applies to flat surface devices such as mobile
phones and tablets that use up to 15 W of power.
The WPC actively investigates new applications for wireless power transfer, such as a cordless
kitchen solution that uses Power Transmitters installed underneath countertops and tables that
enable a variety of kitchen appliances and smart cookware to operate without power cords.
The Qi logo is a registered trademark of the Wireless Power Consortium, and is made available to
members of the consortium to display on their products after successfully completing the test and
certification procedure outlined in Chapter 6, Product certification and registration. A database of
certified Qi products is maintained on the WPC’s public Web site where consumers can look up
products to see whether they have been tested for compliance with the Qi standard and for
interoperability with other Qi wireless products.
Qi (氣 ; qì) is pronounced “chee,” and is the Chinese word for energy flow or life force.
Version 1.2 of the QiSpecification introduced fast charging, which covers transmitter and
receiver products that use up to 15 W of power. However, the architectural limit of the extended
power profile is about 30 W, which will accommodate a growing family of Qi product designs.
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2 What is the Qi wireless power transfer system?
The powering of hand-held devices is continuing to evolve. Originally, electrical devices had to be
plugged directly into outlets, and the range of operation was limited by the length of the power
cord. Next came disposable batteries that severed the power cord’s range restriction.
Figure 1. Corded appliance (c. 1950) to battery-powered consumer electronics (c. 1955)
In recent years, rechargeable batteries have all but replaced disposable batteries, eliminating the
need to purchase, store, and throw large quantities of these batteries into landfills. But for
frequently-used devices—smartphones in particular—recharging became a daily ritual of plugging
and unplugging charging cables.
A new era of convenience emerged in 2011 when the first Qi wireless smartphone case was
introduced, followed shortly thereafter by smartphones with built-in Qi wireless support. Qi
wireless devices need only to be set down on a Qi wireless charger for recharging to occur. The
device remains unplugged and ready to be picked up and used at any moment. With the
deployment of Qi chargers in cars, enterprises, and public locations, it becomes possible to no
longer worry about running out of charge or carrying charger cables.
Figure 1 and Figure 2 show the evolution of corded power to wirelessly-charged portable devices.
oSIST prEN IEC 63563-1:2024
Figure 2. Plug-in rechargeable mobile phones (c. 1999) to wirelessly-charged smartphones (since
2012)
The adoption of the Qi standard has grown significantly since the first products were introduced. In
a 2014 consumer survey conducted by IHS Inc., 36% of consumers in China, the UK, and the U.S.
said they had heard of wireless charging. One year later that number doubled, reaching 76%
consumer awareness. In 2015 more than 150 million Qi systems have been shipped, over 83% of
smartphone users wanted wireless charging, and over 80 phone models around the world were Qi-
enabled. From 2016 to 2018, the number of consumers who use wireless charging has grown from
10% to 40%, and awareness of the wireless power technology has increased to 89%.
Qi wireless chargers are becoming more prevalent and are appearing in varied forms. There are
three basic categories of chargers: desktop chargers, power banks, and embedded chargers.
Desktop chargers may be in the form of a charging pad or stand, and power banks are similar but
are designed for travel and contain batteries to provide power when it cannot be plugged into an
outlet. Embedded chargers may be built into furniture, automobiles, other appliances like clock-
radios or computer monitors, or provided in public locations like restaurants and hotel rooms. The
largest demand for chargers is for home use, autos, and offices, but the deployment of public
chargers has contributed significantly to public awareness.
The continued growth of Qi wireless devices and chargers is also reducing the need for product-
specific cables (see Figure 3). This simplifies charging for consumers and reduces the frequent
failure of the device’s charging connector. As wireless charging becomes ubiquitous throughout the
consumer’s journey, it will be possible to decrease the size of the battery, and with it, the size,
weight, and cost of the device itself.
The Qi wireless power transfer system offers both a solution to the daily inconvenience of handling
cables and adapters, as well as an opportunity for manufacturers to further distinguish their
products in the marketplace.
Photo of the TYLT Vu wireless charger (right) is reprinted by permission from
Technocel.
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Figure 3. Cable clutter can be replaced with Qi wireless charging
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3 How Qi wireless power transfer works
3.1 Basic concepts
The Qi wireless power transfer system uses magnetic induction to transfer power from a Power
Transmitter Product (charger) to a Power Receiver Product (smartphone).
Figure 1. A Qi wireless smartphone on a charging pad
Within these products are Power Transmitter (PTx) and Power Receiver (PRx) subsystems, which
contain coils, as shown in the conceptual diagram in Figure 2, as well as circuitry that handles the
communication and power transfer between them.
Figure 2. Coils in charger and smartphone
Power cable
PRx coil
PTx coil
oSIST prEN IEC 63563-1:2024
The basic physical principle that governs the functionality defined in the Qi wireless power transfer
specification is magnetic induction: the phenomenon that a time-varying magnetic field generates
an electromotive force in a suitably positioned inductor. In a Qi wireless power transfer system, this
electromotive force produces a voltage across the terminals of a coil-shaped inductor, and is used to
drive the electronics of an appropriate load to which it is connected. Conventional transformers use
the same effect to achieve inductive power transfer between a primary and a secondary coil that
are strongly coupled by means of a magnetic core.
Although a Qi-based system is similar to a conventional transformer in the sense that power is
transferred from a first coil to a second coil, it is also very different because of the much lower
magnetic coupling between those coils. A conventional transformer has a magnetic coupling
coefficient close to one, whereas a Qi-based system typically has a magnetic coupling coefficient in
the range of 0.5 or below.
In the Qi-based system illustrated in Figure 1, power is transferred from the Power Transmitter
contained in the Qi charging pad to a Power Receiver contained in the Qi smartphone. Before
charging begins, the Power Receiver and Power Transmitter communicate with each other to
establish that the Power Receiver Product is indeed capable of being charged, whether it needs to
be charged, how much power is required, etc. In short, the communication ensures an appropriate
power transfer from the Power Transmitter Product to the Power Receiver Product. The
communication channel can also be used to trigger location based services by providing an SSID, a ®
Bluetooth link, or a unique ID.
When charging begins, the Power Transmitter runs an alternating electrical current through its
coil(s),
...
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