IEC TS 62565-4-1:2019

Nanomanufacturing - Key control characteristics - Part 4-1: Luminescent nanomaterials - Blank detail specification

IEC TS 62565-4-1:2019 establishes a blank detail specification and format for listing essential optical and certain other characteristics of monodisperse luminescent nanomaterials. This document does not address mixtures or agglomerations of luminescent nanomaterials.
In addition, this document enables the customer to specify requirements in a standardized manner and to verify through standardized methods that the luminescent nanomaterial meets the required properties.
Numeric values to be specified for the properties and characteristics in this document are intentionally left blank and are determined by agreement between customer and material supplier. Properties and characteristics deemed by the customer or supplier as not relevant to a specific application are classified as “not applicable” or “not specified”.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 27-Nov-2019
• ICS: 07.120 - Nanotechnologies
• Technical Committee: TC 113 - Nanotechnology for electrotechnical products and systems
• Drafting Committee: WG 10 - TC 113/WG 10
• Current Stage: PPUB - Publication issued
• Start Date: 28-Nov-2019
• Completion Date: 18-Dec-2019

Overview

IEC TS 62565-4-1:2019 - "Nanomanufacturing - Material specifications - Part 4‑1: Luminescent nanomaterials - Blank detail specification" provides a standardized blank detail specification and format for recording the essential optical and selected physical/chemical characteristics of monodisperse luminescent nanomaterials. It is intended to help customers and suppliers agree on and verify required properties using standardized descriptors and referenced measurement methods. The document explicitly excludes mixtures or agglomerations of luminescent nanomaterials and leaves numeric property values intentionally blank to be set by customer–supplier agreement.

Key topics and requirements

• Specification format: A templated format for general procurement information and for listing key control characteristics (optical, physical, chemical).
• Optical characteristics: Includes descriptors such as emission spectrum, emission wavelength peak, emission shape (e.g., FWHM), and other colorimetric parameters appropriate for luminescent materials used in lighting and displays.
• Physical and chemical characteristics: Covers monodispersity, particle size considerations, date of manufacture and other identifiers needed for material control and traceability.
• Measurement and verification: Guidance on measurement methods and analysis techniques with references to related IEC test methods (e.g., quantum efficiency and dispersion mass determination). The specification enables verification using standardized procedures.
• Blank numeric fields: Numeric limits and tolerances are left blank for contractual agreement - fields can be marked “not applicable” or “not specified” if irrelevant to a particular application.
• Scope limitation: Focuses on individual monodisperse luminescent nanomaterials (quantum dots, nanophosphors), not on composite mixtures or aggregates.

Practical applications

• Standardizes procurement of luminescent nanomaterials for:
  • Solid-state lighting (LED phosphor / quantum dot converters)
  • Display backlights and colour conversion layers
  • R&D and quality control of photoluminescent nanoparticles
• Facilitates supplier–customer contracts, enabling clear specification of spectral and material tolerances and consistent verification and acceptance testing.
• Supports manufacturers aiming for predictable colour quality, photoluminescence performance and reproducibility in production.

Who would use this standard

• Material suppliers and manufacturers of quantum dots, nanophosphors, and other luminescent nanoparticles
• Lighting and display OEMs specifying colour and efficiency performance
• Quality assurance, procurement, and test labs conducting standardized verification

Related standards

• IEC 62607‑3‑1 - Nanomanufacturing - Key control characteristics - Quantum efficiency (measurement)
• IEC TS 62607‑3‑2 - Nanomanufacturing - Luminescent nanoparticles - Determination of mass of quantum dot dispersion
• Other parts of the IEC 62565 series covering material specifications for nanomanufacturing

Keywords: IEC TS 62565-4-1, luminescent nanomaterials, nanomanufacturing, luminescent specification, quantum dots, photoluminescence, material specification, monodisperse nanoparticles.

Standards Content (Sample)

IEC TS 62565-4-1 ®
Edition 1.0 2019-11
TECHNICAL
SPECIFICATION
Nanomanufacturing – Material specifications –
Part 4-1: Luminescent nanomaterials – Blank detail specification
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IEC TS 62565-4-1 ®
Edition 1.0 2019-11
TECHNICAL
SPECIFICATION
Nanomanufacturing – Material specifications –

Part 4-1: Luminescent nanomaterials – Blank detail specification

INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
ICS 07.120 ISBN 978-2-8322-7641-9

– 2 – IEC TS 62565-4-1:2019  IEC 2019
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 3
INTRODUCTION . 5
1 Scope . 7
2 Normative references . 7
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms . 7
3.1 Terms and definitions . 7
3.2 Abbreviated terms . 9
4 General introduction regarding measurement methods . 10
5 Basic specification requirements. 10
6 Recommended specification format . 10
6.1 General procurement . 10
6.2 Luminescent nanomaterial key control characterization . 11
6.2.1 Physical and chemical key control characteristics . 11
6.2.2 Optical key control characteristics . 12
7 An overview of test methods and analysis techniques . 13
Bibliography . 15

Table 1 – Format for general information . 11
Table 2 – Physical and chemical key control characteristics. 12
Table 3 – Optical key control characteristics by emission colour . 13
Table 4 – Summary of test methods . 14

INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
NANOMANUFACTURING – MATERIAL SPECIFICATIONS –

Part 4-1: Luminescent nanomaterials – Blank detail specification

FOREWORD
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The main task of IEC technical committees is to prepare International Standards. In
exceptional circumstances, a technical committee may propose the publication of a Technical
Specification when
• the required support cannot be obtained for the publication of an International Standard,
despite repeated efforts, or
• the subject is still under technical development or where, for any other reason, there is the
future but no immediate possibility of an agreement on an International Standard.
Technical Specifications are subject to review within three years of publication to decide
whether they can be transformed into International Standards.
IEC TS 62565-4-1, which is a Technical Specification, has been prepared by IEC technical
committee 113: Nanotechnology for electrotechnical products and systems.

– 4 – IEC TS 62565-4-1:2019  IEC 2019
The text of this Technical Specification is based on the following documents:
Enquiry draft Report on voting
113/476/DTS 113/508/RVDTS
Full information on the voting for the approval of this Technical Specification can be found in
the report on voting indicated in the above table.
This document has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
A list of all parts in the IEC 62565 series, published under the general title
Nanomanufacturing – Material specifications, can be found on the IEC website.
The committee has decided that the contents of this document will remain unchanged until the
stability date indicated on the IEC website under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data related to
the specific document. At this date, the document will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
A bilingual version of this publication may be issued at a later date.

INTRODUCTION
Lighting devices and displays are transitioning from incandescent illumination sources based
on heated filaments to solid-state lighting (SSL) sources. In devices such as lamps and
luminaires used for general illumination, light emitting diodes (LED) form SSL sources that
provide light, and a wide variety of lighting colours are commercially available. In display
products such as liquid crystal devices, white backlights are used in conjunction with colour
filters to provide red, green and blue colours, and these backlights are also increasingly
leveraging breakthroughs in LED technologies to increase the colour gamut. There are
several key drivers for this change including increased energy efficiency, increased product
lifetime, flexibility in colours produced and good colour rendering properties. For example,
solid-state lighting (SSL) sources can achieve luminous efficacies that are significantly higher
than conventional incandescent lamps. Since approximately 20 % of the world’s electricity
consumption is attributed to providing illumination, the impact of such a large gain in luminous
efficacy provided by changing to SSL technologies is significant. Likewise, SSL backlights
consume less energy than other backlight technologies, which is especially important in
battery powered portable electronics.
The structures of SSL sources used for general lighting and display backlights often are
similar. In a common structure, these devices consist of a blue LED and at least one
photoluminescent material to provide one or more additional wavelengths. When energized,
some photons emitted by the LEDs are absorbed by the luminescent material and produce
secondary photons of different wavelengths through the process of photoluminescence (PL).
The light produced by the SSL source is a mixture of the emissions from the blue LED and the
photoluminescent material. A variety of luminescent materials can be used in these
applications including phosphors and luminescent nanomaterials.
Luminescent nanomaterials are comprised of semiconductor nanocrystals like spherical
quantum dots and elongated quantum rods and inorganic nanophosphors. Semiconductor
nanocrystals with sizes typically below 10 nm show size-tunable optical properties (size-
dependent band gap and hence, size-dependent onset of absorption and spectral position of
the emission band or emission colour) and electrochemical properties (size-dependent
energetic positions of the valence and conduction band and hence, redox potentials of the
charge carriers) due to particle size-dependent quantum confinement effects. Particularly
favourable are their broad absorption bands (increasing absorption for all wavelengths shorter
than the onset of absorption), their narrow emission bands (often revealing a symmetric
shape), their high photoluminescence quantum yields and excellent photostability.
Light-emitting phosphors can also be used for lighting and display applications and in some
instances phosphors with particle diameters less than 100 nm (i.e. nanoparticles) can be
used. Such inorganic nanomaterials (also termed nanophosphors) include materials such as
YAG:Ce. These nanophosphors are characterized by broad absorption bands, broad emission
bands, good photoluminescence quantum yields and a high photostability. The spectral
position of the absorption and emission of inorganic nanophosphors is not affected by size,
but the scattering properties will have a size dependence. However, the enhanced surface-to-
volume ratio with decreasing particle size can favour luminescence quenching at surface
defects, thereby affecting the photoluminescence quantum efficiency and PL decay behaviour
and rendering both properties size-dependent.
Other nanomaterials like dye doped or labelled polymer nanoparticles, inorganic particles or
hybrid organic–inorganic nanoparticles are commonly not used for such applications and are
beyond the scope of this document.
Generally, luminescent nanomaterials used in lighting and display applications are classified
according to excitation spectrum, emission spectrum (including a specific emission
wavelength peak and a narrow emission peak shape as measured by the full-width at half
maximum (FWHM)), quantum efficiency, chemistry and others. Generally, these properties ar
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