IEC 61730-2:2023
(Main)Photovoltaic (PV) module safety qualification - Part 2: Requirements for testing
Photovoltaic (PV) module safety qualification - Part 2: Requirements for testing
IEC 61730-2:2023 lists the tests a PV module is required to fulfil for safety qualification. This document applies for safety qualification only in conjunction with IEC 61730-1. The objective of this document is to provide the testing sequence intended to verify the safety of PV modules whose construction has been assessed by IEC 61730-1. The test sequence and pass criteria are designed to detect the potential breakdown of internal and external components of PV modules that would result in fire, electric shock, and/or personal injury. This document defines the basic safety test requirements and additional tests that are a function of the PV module end-use applications. The additional testing requirements outlined in relevant ISO documents, or the national or local codes which govern the installation and use of these PV modules in their intended locations, are considered in addition to the requirements contained within this document.
The content of the corrigendum 1 (2024-10) has been included in this copy.
Qualification pour la sûreté de fonctionnement des modules photovoltaïques (PV) - Partie 2: Exigences pour les essais
L'IEC 61730-2:2023 définit les exigences de construction, le présent document répertorie les essais auxquels un module PV doit satisfaire à des fins de qualification pour la sûreté de fonctionnement. Le présent document n'est appliqué à des fins de qualification pour la sûreté de fonctionnement que conjointement à l'IEC 61730-1. L'objectif du présent document est de fournir la séquence d'essais destinée à vérifier la sûreté des modules PV dont la construction a été évaluée par l'IEC 61730-1. La séquence d'essais et les critères d'acceptation sont conçus pour détecter le claquage éventuel de composants internes et externes des modules PV, qui peut entraîner des incendies, des chocs électriques et/ou des dommages corporels. Le présent document définit les exigences de base relatives aux essais de sécurité, ainsi que des essais supplémentaires qui dépendent des applications finales du module PV. Outre les exigences contenues dans le présent document, les exigences d'essai supplémentaires suivantes sont prises en considération: exigences indiquées dans les documents ISO appropriés ou exigences spécifiées dans les codes nationaux ou locaux qui régissent l'installation et l'utilisation de ces modules PV dans leurs emplacements destinés.
Le contenu du corrigendum 1 (2024-10) a été pris en considération dans cet exemplaire.
General Information
Relations
Overview
IEC 61730-2:2023 - Photovoltaic (PV) module safety qualification Part 2: Requirements for testing - specifies the test sequence and criteria used to verify the safety of PV modules whose construction has been assessed under IEC 61730-1. Edition 3.0 (2023-09) with Corrigendum 1 (2024-10) defines the basic safety tests and additional tests tied to intended end-use, aimed at detecting failures that could lead to fire, electric shock, or personal injury. The standard is for safety qualification only and is used together with IEC 61730-1; it also recognizes additional requirements from relevant ISO documents and national/local codes.
Key technical topics and requirements
The document organizes tests into clear categories and specifies test procedures, sampling and pass criteria:
- Test categories: environmental stress tests, general inspection, electrical shock hazard, fire hazard, mechanical stress.
- Test sequence and pass criteria: procedures to detect internal/external component breakdown that may cause hazardous conditions.
- Representative test procedures (identified by MST numbers) include:
- Visual inspection (MST 01) and performance checks at STC (MST 02/MST 03)
- Insulation and leakage tests (MST 04, MST 16, MST 17)
- Fire and ignitability tests (MST 23, MST 24)
- Mechanical tests: static mechanical load, module breakage, peel and lap shear (MST 21/32/34/35/36)
- Thermal and environmental durability: thermal cycling, damp heat, humidity-freeze, UV, hot-spot endurance (MST 51–54, 22, 52–53)
- Termination and connector robustness, bypass diode and reverse current overload tests (MST 25–26, 33, 42)
- Documentation: sampling plans, detailed test reports and final pass/fail criteria are defined to support certification.
Practical applications and who uses this standard
IEC 61730-2 is essential for anyone involved in PV safety assessment and certification:
- PV module manufacturers - design validation and safety qualification prior to market release
- Test laboratories and certification bodies - standardized test procedures and reporting for safety certification
- System designers, EPC contractors and installers - understanding module safety limits for system integration and risk mitigation
- Regulators and code authorities - reference for compliance with electrical safety and fire-safety requirements
- Insurance and risk assessors - evidence of tested safety performance for underwriting
Related standards
- IEC 61730-1 (construction and qualitative requirements) - mandatory companion to Part 2
- Relevant ISO documents and national/local electrical and fire codes - may add application-specific testing or installation requirements
Keywords: IEC 61730-2:2023, PV module safety, photovoltaic module testing, safety qualification, test sequence, fire hazard, electrical shock, environmental stress tests, pass criteria.
Frequently Asked Questions
IEC 61730-2:2023 is a standard published by the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC). Its full title is "Photovoltaic (PV) module safety qualification - Part 2: Requirements for testing". This standard covers: IEC 61730-2:2023 lists the tests a PV module is required to fulfil for safety qualification. This document applies for safety qualification only in conjunction with IEC 61730-1. The objective of this document is to provide the testing sequence intended to verify the safety of PV modules whose construction has been assessed by IEC 61730-1. The test sequence and pass criteria are designed to detect the potential breakdown of internal and external components of PV modules that would result in fire, electric shock, and/or personal injury. This document defines the basic safety test requirements and additional tests that are a function of the PV module end-use applications. The additional testing requirements outlined in relevant ISO documents, or the national or local codes which govern the installation and use of these PV modules in their intended locations, are considered in addition to the requirements contained within this document. The content of the corrigendum 1 (2024-10) has been included in this copy.
IEC 61730-2:2023 lists the tests a PV module is required to fulfil for safety qualification. This document applies for safety qualification only in conjunction with IEC 61730-1. The objective of this document is to provide the testing sequence intended to verify the safety of PV modules whose construction has been assessed by IEC 61730-1. The test sequence and pass criteria are designed to detect the potential breakdown of internal and external components of PV modules that would result in fire, electric shock, and/or personal injury. This document defines the basic safety test requirements and additional tests that are a function of the PV module end-use applications. The additional testing requirements outlined in relevant ISO documents, or the national or local codes which govern the installation and use of these PV modules in their intended locations, are considered in addition to the requirements contained within this document. The content of the corrigendum 1 (2024-10) has been included in this copy.
IEC 61730-2:2023 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 27.160 - Solar energy engineering. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
IEC 61730-2:2023 has the following relationships with other standards: It is inter standard links to IEC 61730-2:2023/COR1:2024, IEC 61730-2:2016. Understanding these relationships helps ensure you are using the most current and applicable version of the standard.
You can purchase IEC 61730-2:2023 directly from iTeh Standards. The document is available in PDF format and is delivered instantly after payment. Add the standard to your cart and complete the secure checkout process. iTeh Standards is an authorized distributor of IEC standards.
Standards Content (Sample)
IEC 61730-2 ®
Edition 3.0 2023-09
REDLINE VERSION
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
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Photovoltaic (PV) module safety qualification –
Part 2: Requirements for testing
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IEC 61730-2 ®
Edition 3.0 2023-09
REDLINE VERSION
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
colour
inside
Photovoltaic (PV) module safety qualification –
Part 2: Requirements for testing
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
ICS 27.160 ISBN 978-2-8322-7536-8
– 2 – IEC 61730-2:2023 RLV © IEC 2023
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 7
1 Scope . 10
2 Normative references . 10
3 Terms and definitions . 12
4 Test categories . 12
4.1 General . 12
4.2 Environmental stress tests . 13
4.3 General inspection tests . 13
4.4 Electrical shock hazard tests. 13
4.5 Fire hazard tests . 14
4.6 Mechanical stress tests . 14
5 Classes and their necessary test procedures . 14
6 Sampling . 16
7 Test report . 16
8 Testing . 17
9 Pass criteria . 21
10 Test procedures . 21
10.1 General . 21
10.2 Visual inspection MST 01 . 21
10.2.1 Purpose . 21
10.2.2 Procedure . 21
10.2.3 Pass criteria . 21
10.3 Performance at STC MST 02 . 25
10.3.1 Purpose . 25
10.3.2 Procedure . 25
10.3.3 Pass criteria . 25
10.4 Maximum power determination MST 03 . 25
10.4.1 Purpose . 25
10.4.2 Procedure . 25
10.4.3 Pass criteria . 25
10.5 Insulation thickness test MST 04 . 25
10.5.1 Purpose . 25
10.5.2 Procedure . 25
10.5.3 Pass criteria . 26
10.6 Durability of markings MST 05 . 26
10.7 Sharp edge test MST 06 . 26
10.7.1 Purpose . 26
10.7.2 Apparatus . 27
10.7.3 Procedure . 28
10.7.4 Final measurements . 29
10.7.5 Pass criteria . 29
10.8 Bypass diode functionality test MST 07 . 29
10.9 Accessibility test MST 11 . 29
10.9.1 Purpose . 29
10.9.2 Apparatus . 29
10.9.3 Procedure . 29
10.9.4 Final measurements . 29
10.9.5 Pass criteria . 29
10.10 Cut susceptibility test MST 12 . 30
10.10.1 Purpose . 30
10.10.2 Apparatus . 30
10.10.3 Procedure . 30
10.10.4 Final measurements . 30
10.10.5 Pass criteria . 30
10.11 Continuity test of equipotential bonding MST 13 . 31
10.11.1 Purpose . 31
10.11.2 Apparatus . 31
10.11.3 Procedure . 32
10.11.4 Final measurements . 32
10.11.5 Pass criteria . 32
10.12 Impulse voltage test MST 14 . 32
10.12.1 Purpose . 32
10.12.2 Apparatus . 32
10.12.3 Procedure . 34
10.12.4 Final measurement . 34
10.12.5 Pass criteria . 34
10.13 Insulation test MST 16 . 35
10.3.1 Purpose .
10.3.2 Procedure .
10.3.3 Pass criteria .
10.14 Wet leakage current test MST 17 . 35
10.15 Placeholder section, formerly Temperature test MST 21 . 35
10.15.1 Purpose .
10.15.2 Outdoor method .
10.15.3 Solar simulator method .
10.15.4 Pass criteria .
10.16 Hot-spot endurance test MST 22 . 39
10.17 Fire test MST 23 . 39
10.17.1 Purpose .
10.18 Ignitability test MST 24 . 39
10.18.1 Purpose . 39
10.18.2 Apparatus . 40
10.18.3 Test specimen . 40
10.18.4 Conditioning . 41
10.18.5 Procedure . 41
10.18.6 Duration of test . 44
10.18.7 Observations Expresssion of results . 44
10.18.8 Pass criteria . 44
10.19 Bypass diode thermal test MST 25 . 44
10.20 Reverse current overload test MST 26 . 44
10.20.1 Purpose . 44
10.20.2 Apparatus . 44
10.20.3 Procedure . 45
10.20.4 Pass criteria . 46
10.21 Module breakage test MST 32 . 46
– 4 – IEC 61730-2:2023 RLV © IEC 2023
10.21.1 Purpose . 46
10.21.2 Apparatus . 46
10.21.3 Procedure . 46
10.21.4 Pass criteria . 47
10.22 Screw connections test MST 33 . 50
10.22.1 Test for general screw connections MST 33a . 50
10.22.2 Test for locking screws MST 33b . 52
10.23 Static mechanical load test MST 34 . 52
10.23.1 General . 52
10.23.2 Pass criteria . 52
10.24 Peel test MST 35 . 52
10.24.1 Purpose . 52
10.24.2 Sample requirements . 52
10.24.3 Apparatus . 53
10.24.4 Procedure . 53
10.24.5 Pass criteria . 56
10.25 Lap shear strength test MST 36 . 56
10.25.1 Purpose . 56
10.25.2 Test samples . 56
10.25.3 Apparatus . 57
10.25.4 Procedure . 57
10.25.5 Pass criteria . 59
10.26 Materials creep test MST 37 . 60
10.26.1 Purpose . 60
10.26.2 Apparatus . 60
10.26.3 Procedure . 60
10.26.4 Final measurements . 60
10.26.5 Pass criteria . 60
10.27 Robustness of terminations test MST 42 . 61
10.28 Thermal cycling test MST 51 . 61
10.29 Humidity freeze test MST 52 . 61
10.30 Damp heat test MST 53 . 61
10.31 UV test MST 54 . 61
10.32 Cold conditioning test MST 55 . 62
10.32.1 Purpose . 62
10.32.2 Apparatus . 62
10.32.3 Procedure . 62
10.32.4 Pass criteria . 62
10.33 Dry heat conditioning test MST 56 . 62
10.33.1 Purpose . 62
10.33.2 Apparatus . 62
10.33.3 Procedure . 62
10.33.4 Pass criteria . 63
10.34 Evaluation of insulation coordination MST 57 . 63
10.34.1 Purpose . 63
10.34.2 Apparatus . 63
10.34.3 Procedure . 63
10.34.4 Pass criteria . 66
Annex A (informative) Recommendations for testing of PV modules from production . 67
A.1 General . 67
A.2 Module output power . 67
A.3 Wet insulation test . 67
A.4 Visual inspection . 68
A.5 Bypass diodes . 68
A.6 Continuity test of equipotential bonding . 68
Annex B (informative) Fire tests, spread-of-flame and burning-brand tests for PV
modules . 69
B.1 General . 69
B.2 Fire test for PV modules based on ENV 1187. 69
B.2.1 General . 69
B.2.2 External fire exposure to roofs . 69
B.2.3 Classification according to ISO EN 13501-5 . 71
B.3 Fire test for PV modules based on ANSI/UL 1703 61730-2 . 71
Annex C (normative) Usage of representative samples for very large modules . 72
Bibliography . 75
Figure 1 – Test sequences – Pass criteria . 20
Figure 2 – Assessment of bubbles in edge seals for cemented joints .
Figure 2 – Assessment of bubbles for evaluation of clearances and creepage
distances, or distance through insulation . 24
Figure 3 – Test apparatus MST 06 . 27
Figure 4 – Position of test apparatus. 28
Figure 5 – Cut susceptibility test . 31
Figure 6 – Waveform of the impulse voltage following IEC 60060-1 . 33
Figure 7 – Application of burner for multilayer products . 43
Figure 8 – Impactor . 48
Figure 9 – Impact test frame 1 . 49
Figure 10 – Impact test frame 2 . 50
Figure 11 – Sample preparation of cemented joints ≤ 10 mm using a release sheet . 53
Figure 12 – PV module with positions for peel samples on frontsheet or backsheet . 54
Figure 13 – Typical peel-off measurement curves . 55
Figure 14 – Lap shear test sample for proving cemented joint . 57
Figure 15 – Lap-shear test flow . 59
Figure B.1 – Example of test set-up for fire test . 70
Figure C.1 – Example for a possible break . 74
Table 1 – Environmental stress tests . 13
Table 2 – General inspection tests . 13
Table 3 – Electrical shock hazard tests . 13
Table 4 – Fire hazard tests . 14
Table 5 – Mechanical stress tests . 14
Table 6 – Required tests, depending on the Class . 15
Table 7 – Tapes for test finger . 28
Table 8 – Torque tests on screws per IEC 60598-1:2014, Table 4.1 . 51
– 6 – IEC 61730-2:2023 RLV © IEC 2023
Table 9 – Altitude correction factor for test voltage for operating (installation) altitudes
higher than 2 000 m . 64
Table 10 – Altitude correction factor for test voltage for testing (laboratory) altitudes
lower than 2 000 m . 64
Table 11 – Rated impulse voltages . 65
Table C.1 – Overview of tests . 73
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
PHOTOVOLTAIC (PV) MODULE SAFETY QUALIFICATION –
Part 2: Requirements for testing
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
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8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of patent
rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This redline version of the official IEC Standard allows the user to identify the changes
made to the previous edition IEC 61730-2:2016. A vertical bar appears in the margin
wherever a change has been made. Additions are in green text, deletions are in
strikethrough red text.
– 8 – IEC 61730-2:2023 RLV © IEC 2023
IEC 61730-2 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 82: Solar photovoltaic energy
systems. It is an International Standard.
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition published in 2016. This edition
constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous
edition:
a) MST 06: Sharp edge test revised.
b) MST 14: Impulse voltage test contains technical corrections to Figure 4.
c) MST 21: Temperature test has been removed from this standard because modules tested
individually in unrestricted mounting systems in open-air climates below 40 °C operate at or
th
below a 98 -percentile operating temperature of 70 °C. As a result, the existing
IEC 61730-1 requirement for a minimum RTI/RTE/TI of 90 °C is adequate. To address
modules operating at higher temperatures, IEC TS 63126 includes an informative annex to
th
describe tests and analysis techniques suitable for estimating the 98 -percentile operating
temperature. This covers system effects such as mounting methods that restrict airflow and
th
result in a 98 -percentile module operating temperature in excess of 70 °C.
d) MST 24: Ignitability test revised.
e) MST 26: Reverse current overload test revised.
f) MST 32: Module breakage test is no longer required for Class 0 modules.
g) MST 54: Instead of sequential test with one module now one module for sequence B shall
be irradiated from the front side and another module from the backside during the 60 kWh/m
cycle.
h) MST 57: Evaluation of insulation coordination added.
i) All MQT references updated to revised IEC 61215 series Ed.2.0 2021.
j) Bifacial modules: Requirements updated for MST 02 Performance at STC, MST 07 Bypass
diode functionality test, MST 22 Hot-spot endurance test, MST 25 Bypass diode thermal test
and MST 51 Thermal cycling (TC200).
k) Term “Very large module” defined and Annex C (normative) “Usage of representative
samples for very large modules” added.
The text of this International Standard is based on the following documents:
Draft Report on voting
82/2122/FDIS 82/2166/RVD
Full information on the voting for its approval can be found in the report on voting indicated in
the above table.
The language used for the development of this International Standard is English.
This document was drafted in accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2, and developed in
accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1 and ISO/IEC Directives, IEC Supplement, available
at www.iec.ch/members_experts/refdocs. The main document types developed by IEC are
described in greater detail at www.iec.ch/publications.
A list of all parts in the IEC 61730 series, published under the general title Photovoltaic (PV)
module safety qualification, can be found on the IEC website.
The committee has decided that the contents of this document will remain unchanged until the
stability date indicated on the IEC website under webstore.iec.ch in the data related to the
specific document. At this date, the document will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
IMPORTANT – The "colour inside" logo on the cover page of this document indicates
that it contains colours which are considered to be useful for the correct understanding
of its contents. Users should therefore print this document using a colour printer.
– 10 – IEC 61730-2:2023 RLV © IEC 2023
PHOTOVOLTAIC (PV) MODULE SAFETY QUALIFICATION –
Part 2: Requirements for testing
1 Scope
The scope of IEC 61730-1 is also applicable to this part of IEC 61730. While IEC 61730-1
outlines the requirements of construction, this document lists the tests a PV module is required
to fulfill for safety qualification. This document applies for safety qualification only in conjunction
with IEC 61730-1.
The sequence of tests required in this document may not test for all possible safety aspects
associated with the use of PV modules in all possible applications. This document utilizes the
best sequence of tests available at the time of its writing. There are some issues – such as the
potential danger of electric shock posed by a broken PV module in a high voltage system – that
should be addressed by the system design, location, restrictions on access and maintenance
procedures.
The objective of this document is to provide the testing sequence intended to verify the safety
of PV modules whose construction has been assessed by IEC 61730-1. The test sequence and
pass criteria are designed to detect the potential breakdown of internal and external
components of PV modules that would result in fire, electric shock, and/or personal injury. This
document defines the basic safety test requirements and additional tests that are a function of
the PV module end-use applications. Test categories include general inspection, electrical
shock hazard, fire hazard, mechanical stress, and environmental stress.
The additional testing requirements outlined in relevant ISO documents, or the national or local
codes which govern the installation and use of these PV modules in their intended locations,
should be are considered in addition to the requirements contained within this document.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies.
For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
amendments) applies.
IEC 60060-1, High-voltage test techniques – Part 1: General definitions and test requirements
IEC 60068-2-1:2007, Environmental testing – Part 2-1: Tests – Test A: Cold
IEC 60068-2-2:2007, Environmental testing – Part 2-2: Tests – Test B: Dry heat
IEC 60068-3-5, Environmental testing – Part 3-5: Supporting documentation and guidance –
Confirmation of the performance of temperature chambers
IEC 60598-1:20142020, Luminaires – Part 1: General requirements and tests
IEC 60664-1:20072020, Insulation co-ordination for equipment within low-voltage systems –
Part 1: Principles, requirements and tests
IEC 60695-2-10, Fire hazard testing – Part 2-10: Glowing/hot-wire based test methods –
Glow-wire apparatus and common test procedure
IEC 60904-2, Photovoltaic devices – Part 2: Requirements for photovoltaic reference devices
IEC 60904-9, Photovoltaic devices – Part 9: Solar simulator performance requirements
IEC 60950-1:2005, Information technology equipment – Safety – Part 1: General requirements
IEC 60950-1:2005/AMD1:2009
IEC 60950-1:2005/AMD2:2013
IEC 61010-1, Safety requirements for electrical equipment for measurement, control and
laboratory use – Part 1: General requirements
IEC 61032:1997, Protection of persons and equipment by enclosures – Probes for verification
IEC 61140, Protection against electric shock – Common aspects for installation and equipment
IEC 61215 (all parts), Terrestrial photovoltaic (PV) modules – Design qualification and type
approval
IEC 61215-2, Terrestrial photovoltaic (PV) modules – Design qualification and type approval –
Part 2: Test procedures
IEC 61730-1:20162023, Photovoltaic (PV) module safety qualification – Part 1: Requirements
for construction
IEC TS 61836, Solar photovoltaic energy systems – Terms, definitions and symbols
IEC 62788-2-1:2023, Measurement procedures for materials used in photovoltaic modules –
Part 2-1: Polymeric materials – Frontsheet and backsheet – Safety requirements
IEC 62790:2020, Junction boxes for photovoltaic modules – Safety requirements and tests
IEC TS 62915, Photovoltaic (PV) modules – Type approval, design and safety qualification –
Retesting
ISO/IEC 17025, General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration
laboratories
ISO 813, Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic – Determination of adhesion to a rigid substrate
– 90 degree peel method
ISO 4046-4, Paper, board, pulps and related terms – Vocabulary – Part 4: Paper and board
grades and converted products
ISO 4587:2003, Adhesives – Determination of tensile lap-shear strength of rigid-to-rigid bonded
assemblies
ISO 5893, Rubber and plastics test equipment – Tensile, flexural and compression types
(constant rate of traverse) – Specification
ISO 8124-1, Safety of toys – Part 1: Safety aspects related to mechanical and physical
properties
ISO 11925-2:20102020, Reaction to fire tests – Ignitability of products subjected to direct
impingement of flame – Part 2: Single-flame source test
– 12 – IEC 61730-2:2023 RLV © IEC 2023
ISO 23529, Rubber – General procedures for preparing and conditioning test pieces for physical
test methods
ANSI/UL 1703:2015, Flat-plate photovoltaic modules and panels
ANSI Z97.1:2009, Standard – Safety Glazing Materials Used in Buildings – Safety Performance
Specifications and Methods of Test
3 Terms and definitions
The Clause of Part 1 applies.
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions in IEC 61730-1 and IEC TS 61836,
as well as the following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following
addresses:
• IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
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3.1
representative sample
sample that includes all the components of the module, except some repeated parts
3.2
very large module
module that exceeds 2,2 m in any dimension or exceeds 1,5 m in both dimensions
EXAMPLE: a 2,3 m × 0,3 m module is considered very large, as is a 1,6 m × 1,6 m module.
4 Test categories
4.1 General
The hazards described in the following subclause might influence the safety of PV modules. In
accordance with these hazards, test procedures and criteria are described. The specific tests
to which a PV module will be subjected will depend on the end-use application for which the
minimum tests are specified in Clause 5.
NOTE PV module safety tests are labelled MST.
Table 1 through Table 5 show the origin of the required tests. For some tests the third column
lists the origin of the tests for information only; the appropriate test requirements are given in
10.1 through 10.34. The other tests are based on or are identical to the module qualification
tests MQT MQT tests defined in the IEC 61215 series. References to the relevant tests are
given in the last column. Some of the IEC 61215-based tests were modified for IEC 61730-2
and are included in 10.1 through 10.34.
4.2 Environmental stress tests
1 – Environmental stress tests
Table
Test Title Referenced Based on
standards
IEC 61215-2
MST 51 Thermal cycling (TC50 or TC200) – MQT 11
MST 52 Humidity freeze (HF10) – MQT 12
MST 53 Damp heat (DH200 or DH1000) – MQT 13
MST 54 UV preconditioning – MQT 10
MST 55 Cold conditioning IEC 60068-2-1 –
MST 56 Dry heat conditioning IEC 60068-2-2 –
4.3 General inspection tests
Table 2 – General inspection tests
Test Title Referenced Based on
standards
IEC 61215-2
MST 01 Visual inspection – MQT 01
MST 02 Performance at STC – MQT 6.1
MST 03 Maximum power determination – MQT 02
MST 04 Insulation thickness – –
MST 05 Durability of markings IEC 60950-1 –
MST 06 Sharp edge test ISO 8124-1 – –
MST 07 Bypass diode functionality test – –
MST 57 Evaluation of insulation coordination IEC 60664-1 –
4.4 Electrical shock hazard tests
These tests are designed to assess the risk to persons due to shock or injury from contact with
parts of a PV module that are electrically energised as a result of design, construction, or faults
caused by environment or operation.
Table 3 – Electrical shock hazard tests
Test Title Referenced standards Based on
IEC 61215-2
MST 11 Accessibility test IEC 61032 –
MST 12 Cut susceptibility test ANSI/UL 1703:2015 –
MST 13 Continuity test for equipotential bonding ANSI/UL 1703:2015 –
MST 14 Impulse voltage test IEC 60664-1 –
IEC 60060-1
MST 16 Insulation test – MQT 03
MST 17 Wet leakage current test – MQT 15
MST 42 Robustness of terminations test IEC 62790 MQT 14
MST 57 Evaluation of insulation coordination IEC 60664-1 -
– 14 – IEC 61730-2:2023 RLV © IEC 2023
4.5 Fire hazard tests
These tests assess the potential fire hazard due to the operation of a PV module or failure of
its components.
Table 4 – Fire hazard tests
Test Title Referenced standards Based on
IEC 61215-2
MST 21 Temperature test ANSI/UL 1703:2015 –
MST 22 Hot-spot endurance test – MQT 09
a
Fire test – National/Local code
MST 23
MST 24 Ignitability test ISO 11925-2:2020 –
MST 25 Bypass diode thermal test – MQT 18
MST 26 Reverse current overload test ANSI/UL 1703:2015 – –
a
Fire tests are locally regulated and typically only required for building integrated or building added products,
typically to verify their ability to resist fire from external sources.
4.6 Mechanical stress tests
These tests are to minimise potential injury due to mechanical failure.
Table 5 – Mechanical stress tests
Test Title Referenced standards Based on
IEC 61215-2
MST 32 Module breakage test ANSI Z97.1 –
MST 33 Screw connection test IEC 60598-1 –
MST 34 Static mechanical load test – MQT 16
MST 35 Peel test ISO 5893 –
MST 36 Lap shear strength test ISO 4587:2003 –
MST 37 Materials creep test – –
MST 42 Robustness of terminations test MQT 14
Recommendations for testing of PV modules from productio
...
IEC 61730-2 ®
Edition 3.0 2023-09
INTERNATIONAL
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Photovoltaic (PV) module safety qualification –
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Qualification pour la sûreté de fonctionnement des modules
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IEC 61730-2 ®
Edition 3.0 2023-09
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
Photovoltaic (PV) module safety qualification –
Part 2: Requirements for testing
Qualification pour la sûreté de fonctionnement des modules
photovoltaïques (PV) –
Partie 2: Exigences pour les essais
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
INTERNATIONALE
ICS 27.160 ISBN 978-2-8322-7217-6
– 2 – IEC 61730-2:2023 © IEC 2023
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 6
1 Scope . 9
2 Normative references . 9
3 Terms and definitions . 11
4 Test categories . 11
4.1 General . 11
4.2 Environmental stress tests . 11
4.3 General inspection tests . 12
4.4 Electrical shock hazard tests . 12
4.5 Fire hazard tests . 12
4.6 Mechanical stress tests . 13
5 Classes and their necessary test procedures . 13
6 Sampling . 15
7 Test report . 15
8 Testing . 16
9 Pass criteria . 18
10 Test procedures . 18
10.1 General . 18
10.2 Visual inspection MST 01 . 18
10.2.1 Purpose . 18
10.2.2 Procedure . 18
10.2.3 Pass criteria . 18
10.3 Performance at STC MST 02 . 20
10.3.1 Purpose . 20
10.3.2 Procedure . 20
10.3.3 Pass criteria . 20
10.4 Maximum power determination MST 03 . 21
10.4.1 Purpose . 21
10.4.2 Procedure . 21
10.4.3 Pass criteria . 21
10.5 Insulation thickness test MST 04 . 21
10.5.1 Purpose . 21
10.5.2 Procedure . 21
10.5.3 Pass criteria . 21
10.6 Durability of markings MST 05 . 22
10.7 Sharp edge test MST 06 . 22
10.7.1 Purpose . 22
10.7.2 Apparatus . 22
10.7.3 Procedure . 23
10.7.4 Final measurements . 24
10.7.5 Pass criteria . 24
10.8 Bypass diode functionality test MST 07 . 24
10.9 Accessibility test MST 11 . 24
10.9.1 Purpose . 24
10.9.2 Apparatus . 24
10.9.3 Procedure . 24
10.9.4 Final measurements . 25
10.9.5 Pass criteria . 25
10.10 Cut susceptibility test MST 12 . 25
10.10.1 Purpose . 25
10.10.2 Apparatus . 25
10.10.3 Procedure . 25
10.10.4 Final measurements . 26
10.10.5 Pass criteria . 26
10.11 Continuity test of equipotential bonding MST 13. 27
10.11.1 Purpose . 27
10.11.2 Apparatus . 27
10.11.3 Procedure . 27
10.11.4 Final measurements . 27
10.11.5 Pass criteria . 27
10.12 Impulse voltage test MST 14 . 27
10.12.1 Purpose . 27
10.12.2 Apparatus . 28
10.12.3 Procedure . 28
10.12.4 Final measurement . 29
10.12.5 Pass criteria . 29
10.13 Insulation test MST 16 . 29
10.14 Wet leakage current test MST 17 . 29
10.15 Placeholder section, formerly Temperature test MST 21 . 29
10.16 Hot-spot endurance test MST 22 . 29
10.17 Fire test MST 23 . 30
10.18 Ignitability test MST 24 . 30
10.18.1 Purpose . 30
10.18.2 Apparatus . 30
10.18.3 Test specimen . 31
10.18.4 Conditioning . 31
10.18.5 Procedure . 31
10.18.6 Duration of test . 34
10.18.7 Expresssion of results . 34
10.18.8 Pass criteria . 34
10.19 Bypass diode thermal test MST 25 . 34
10.20 Reverse current overload test MST 26 . 34
10.20.1 Purpose . 34
10.20.2 Apparatus . 34
10.20.3 Procedure . 35
10.20.4 Pass criteria . 35
10.21 Module breakage test MST 32. 36
10.21.1 Purpose . 36
10.21.2 Apparatus . 36
10.21.3 Procedure . 36
10.21.4 Pass criteria . 36
10.22 Screw connections test MST 33 . 39
10.22.1 Test for general screw connections MST 33a . 39
10.22.2 Test for locking screws MST 33b . 41
10.23 Static mechanical load test MST 34 . 41
– 4 – IEC 61730-2:2023 © IEC 2023
10.23.1 General . 41
10.23.2 Pass criteria . 41
10.24 Peel test MST 35 . 41
10.24.1 Purpose . 41
10.24.2 Sample requirements . 41
10.24.3 Apparatus . 42
10.24.4 Procedure . 42
10.24.5 Pass criteria . 45
10.25 Lap shear strength test MST 36 . 45
10.25.1 Purpose . 45
10.25.2 Test samples . 45
10.25.3 Apparatus . 46
10.25.4 Procedure . 46
10.25.5 Pass criteria . 47
10.26 Materials creep test MST 37 . 48
10.26.1 Purpose . 48
10.26.2 Apparatus . 48
10.26.3 Procedure . 48
10.26.4 Final measurements . 48
10.26.5 Pass criteria . 48
10.27 Robustness of terminations test MST 42 . 48
10.28 Thermal cycling test MST 51 . 49
10.29 Humidity freeze test MST 52 . 49
10.30 Damp heat test MST 53 . 49
10.31 UV test MST 54 . 49
10.32 Cold conditioning test MST 55 . 49
10.32.1 Purpose . 49
10.32.2 Apparatus . 49
10.32.3 Procedure . 50
10.32.4 Pass criteria . 50
10.33 Dry heat conditioning test MST 56 . 50
10.33.1 Purpose . 50
10.33.2 Apparatus . 50
10.33.3 Procedure . 50
10.33.4 Pass criteria . 50
10.34 Evaluation of insulation coordination MST 57 . 50
10.34.1 Purpose . 50
10.34.2 Apparatus . 51
10.34.3 Procedure . 51
10.34.4 Pass criteria . 54
Annex A (informative) Recommendations for testing of PV modules from production . 55
A.1 General . 55
A.2 Module output power. 55
A.3 Wet insulation test . 55
A.4 Visual inspection . 56
A.5 Bypass diodes . 56
A.6 Continuity test of equipotential bonding. 56
Annex B (informative) Fire tests, spread-of-flame and burning-brand tests for PV
modules . 57
B.1 General . 57
B.2 Fire test for PV modules based on ENV 1187 . 57
B.2.1 General . 57
B.2.2 External fire exposure to roofs . 57
B.2.3 Classification according to EN 13501-5 . 59
B.3 Fire test for PV modules based on ANSI/UL 61730-2 . 59
Annex C (normative) Usage of representative samples for very large modules . 60
Bibliography . 63
Figure 1 – Test sequences – Pass criteria . 17
Figure 2 – Assessment of bubbles for evaluation of clearances and creepage
distances, or distance through insulation . 20
Figure 3 – Test apparatus MST 06 . 23
Figure 4 – Position of test apparatus . 24
Figure 5 – Cut susceptibility test . 26
Figure 6 – Waveform of the impulse voltage following IEC 60060-1 . 28
Figure 7 – Application of burner for multilayer products . 33
Figure 8 – Impactor . 37
Figure 9 – Impact test frame 1 . 38
Figure 10 – Impact test frame 2 . 39
Figure 11 – Sample preparation of cemented joints ≤ 10 mm using a release sheet . 42
Figure 12 – PV module with positions for peel samples on frontsheet or backsheet . 43
Figure 13 – Typical peel-off measurement curves . 44
Figure 14 – Lap shear test sample for proving cemented joint . 46
Figure 15 – Lap-shear test flow . 47
Figure B.1 – Example of test set-up for fire test . 58
Figure C.1 – Example for a possible break . 62
Table 1 – Environmental stress tests . 11
Table 2 – General inspection tests . 12
Table 3 – Electrical shock hazard tests . 12
Table 4 – Fire hazard tests . 13
Table 5 – Mechanical stress tests . 13
Table 6 – Required tests, depending on the Class . 14
Table 7 – Tapes for test finger . 23
Table 8 – Torque tests on screws per IEC 60598-1:2014, Table 4.1 . 40
Table 9 – Altitude correction factor for test voltage for operating (installation) altitudes
higher than 2 000 m . 52
Table 10 – Altitude correction factor for test voltage for testing (laboratory) altitudes
lower than 2 000 m . 52
Table 11 – Rated impulse voltages . 53
Table C.1 – Overview of tests . 61
– 6 – IEC 61730-2:2023 © IEC 2023
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
PHOTOVOLTAIC (PV) MODULE SAFETY QUALIFICATION –
Part 2: Requirements for testing
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote international
co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To this end and
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Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
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5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity
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6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
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8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of patent
rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
IEC 61730-2 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 82: Solar photovoltaic energy
systems. It is an International Standard.
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition published in 2016. This edition
constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous
edition:
a) MST 06: Sharp edge test revised.
b) MST 14: Impulse voltage test contains technical corrections to Figure 4.
c) MST 21: Temperature test has been removed from this standard because modules tested
individually in unrestricted mounting systems in open-air climates below 40 °C operate at or
th
below a 98 -percentile operating temperature of 70 °C. As a result, the existing
IEC 61730-1 requirement for a minimum RTI/RTE/TI of 90 °C is adequate. To address
modules operating at higher temperatures, IEC TS 63126 includes an informative annex to
th
describe tests and analysis techniques suitable for estimating the 98 -percentile operating
temperature. This covers system effects such as mounting methods that restrict airflow and
th
result in a 98 -percentile module operating temperature in excess of 70 °C.
d) MST 24: Ignitability test revised.
e) MST 26: Reverse current overload test revised.
f) MST 32: Module breakage test is no longer required for Class 0 modules.
g) MST 54: Instead of sequential test with one module now one module for sequence B shall
be irradiated from the front side and another module from the backside during the 60 kWh/m
cycle.
h) MST 57: Evaluation of insulation coordination added.
i) All MQT references updated to revised IEC 61215 series Ed.2.0 2021.
j) Bifacial modules: Requirements updated for MST 02 Performance at STC, MST 07 Bypass
diode functionality test, MST 22 Hot-spot endurance test, MST 25 Bypass diode thermal test
and MST 51 Thermal cycling (TC200).
k) Term “Very large module” defined and Annex C (normative) “Usage of representative
samples for very large modules” added.
The text of this International Standard is based on the following documents:
Draft Report on voting
82/2122/FDIS 82/2166/RVD
Full information on the voting for its approval can be found in the report on voting indicated in
the above table.
The language used for the development of this International Standard is English.
This document was drafted in accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2, and developed in
accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1 and ISO/IEC Directives, IEC Supplement, available
at www.iec.ch/members_experts/refdocs. The main document types developed by IEC are
described in greater detail at www.iec.ch/publications.
A list of all parts in the IEC 61730 series, published under the general title Photovoltaic (PV)
module safety qualification, can be found on the IEC website.
– 8 – IEC 61730-2:2023 © IEC 2023
The committee has decided that the contents of this document will remain unchanged until the
stability date indicated on the IEC website under webstore.iec.ch in the data related to the
specific document. At this date, the document will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
IMPORTANT – The "colour inside" logo on the cover page of this document indicates
that it contains colours which are considered to be useful for the correct understanding
of its contents. Users should therefore print this document using a colour printer.
PHOTOVOLTAIC (PV) MODULE SAFETY QUALIFICATION –
Part 2: Requirements for testing
1 Scope
The scope of IEC 61730-1 is also applicable to this part of IEC 61730. While IEC 61730-1
outlines the requirements of construction, this document lists the tests a PV module is required
to fulfill for safety qualification. This document applies for safety qualification only in conjunction
with IEC 61730-1.
The sequence of tests required in this document may not test for all possible safety aspects
associated with the use of PV modules in all possible applications. This document utilizes the
best sequence of tests available at the time of its writing.
The objective of this document is to provide the testing sequence intended to verify the safety
of PV modules whose construction has been assessed by IEC 61730-1. The test sequence and
pass criteria are designed to detect the potential breakdown of internal and external
components of PV modules that would result in fire, electric shock, and/or personal injury. This
document defines the basic safety test requirements and additional tests that are a function of
the PV module end-use applications. Test categories include general inspection, electrical
shock hazard, fire hazard, mechanical stress, and environmental stress.
The additional testing requirements outlined in relevant ISO documents, or the national or local
codes which govern the installation and use of these PV modules in their intended locations,
are considered in addition to the requirements contained within this document.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies.
For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
amendments) applies.
IEC 60060-1, High-voltage test techniques – Part 1: General definitions and test requirements
IEC 60068-2-1:2007, Environmental testing – Part 2-1: Tests – Test A: Cold
IEC 60068-2-2:2007, Environmental testing – Part 2-2: Tests – Test B: Dry heat
IEC 60068-3-5, Environmental testing – Part 3-5: Supporting documentation and guidance –
Confirmation of the performance of temperature chambers
IEC 60598-1:2020, Luminaires – Part 1: General requirements and tests
IEC 60664-1:2020, Insulation co-ordination for equipment within low-voltage systems – Part 1:
Principles, requirements and tests
IEC 60695-2-10, Fire hazard testing – Part 2-10: Glowing/hot-wire based test methods –
Glow-wire apparatus and common test procedure
– 10 – IEC 61730-2:2023 © IEC 2023
IEC 60950-1:2005, Information technology equipment – Safety – Part 1: General requirements
IEC 60950-1:2005/AMD1:2009
IEC 60950-1:2005/AMD2:2013
IEC 61010-1, Safety requirements for electrical equipment for measurement, control and
laboratory use – Part 1: General requirements
IEC 61032:1997, Protection of persons and equipment by enclosures – Probes for verification
IEC 61140, Protection against electric shock – Common aspects for installation and equipment
IEC 61215 (all parts), Terrestrial photovoltaic (PV) modules – Design qualification and type
approval
IEC 61215-2, Terrestrial photovoltaic (PV) modules – Design qualification and type approval –
Part 2: Test procedures
IEC 61730-1:2023, Photovoltaic (PV) module safety qualification – Part 1: Requirements for
construction
IEC TS 61836, Solar photovoltaic energy systems – Terms, definitions and symbols
IEC 62788-2-1:2023, Measurement procedures for materials used in photovoltaic modules –
Part 2-1: Polymeric materials – Frontsheet and backsheet – Safety requirements
IEC 62790:2020, Junction boxes for photovoltaic modules – Safety requirements and tests
IEC TS 62915, Photovoltaic (PV) modules – Type approval, design and safety qualification –
Retesting
ISO 813, Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic – Determination of adhesion to a rigid substrate
– 90 degree peel method
ISO 4587:2003, Adhesives – Determination of tensile lap-shear strength of rigid-to-rigid bonded
assemblies
ISO 5893, Rubber and plastics test equipment – Tensile, flexural and compression types
(constant rate of traverse) – Specification
ISO 11925-2:2020, Reaction to fire tests – Ignitability of products subjected to direct
impingement of flame – Part 2: Single-flame source test
ISO 23529, Rubber – General procedures for preparing and conditioning test pieces for physical
test methods
ANSI/UL 1703:2015, Flat-plate photovoltaic modules and panels
ANSI Z97.1:2009, Standard – Safety Glazing Materials Used in Buildings – Safety Performance
Specifications and Methods of Test
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions in IEC 61730-1 and IEC TS 61836,
as well as the following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following
addresses:
• IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
• ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
3.1
representative sample
sample that includes all the components of the module, except some repeated parts
3.2
very large module
module that exceeds 2,2 m in any dimension or exceeds 1,5 m in both dimensions
EXAMPLE: a 2,3 m × 0,3 m module is considered very large, as is a 1,6 m × 1,6 m module.
4 Test categories
4.1 General
The hazards described in the following subclause might influence the safety of PV modules. In
accordance with these hazards, test procedures and criteria are described. The specific tests
to which a PV module will be subjected will depend on the end-use application for which the
minimum tests are specified in Clause 5.
NOTE PV module safety tests are labelled MST.
Table 1 through Table 5 show the origin of the required tests. For some tests the third column
lists the origin of the tests for information only; the appropriate test requirements are given in
10.1 through 10.34. The other tests are based on or are identical to the MQT tests defined in
the IEC 61215 series. References to the relevant tests are given in the last column. Some of
the IEC 61215-based tests were modified for IEC 61730-2 and are included in 10.1 through
10.34.
4.2 Environmental stress tests
Table 1 – Environmental stress tests
Test Title Referenced Based on
standards
IEC 61215-2
MST 51 Thermal cycling (TC50 or TC200) – MQT 11
MST 52 Humidity freeze (HF10) – MQT 12
MST 53 Damp heat (DH200 or DH1000) – MQT 13
MST 54 UV preconditioning – MQT 10
MST 55 Cold conditioning IEC 60068-2-1 –
MST 56 Dry heat conditioning IEC 60068-2-2 –
– 12 – IEC 61730-2:2023 © IEC 2023
4.3 General inspection tests
Table 2 – General inspection tests
Test Title Referenced Based on
standards
IEC 61215-2
MST 01 Visual inspection – MQT 01
MST 02 Performance at STC – MQT 6.1
MST 03 Maximum power determination – MQT 02
MST 04 Insulation thickness – –
MST 05 Durability of markings IEC 60950-1 –
MST 06 Sharp edge test – –
MST 07 Bypass diode functionality test – –
MST 57 Evaluation of insulation coordination IEC 60664-1 –
4.4 Electrical shock hazard tests
These tests are designed to assess the risk to persons due to shock or injury from contact with
parts of a PV module that are electrically energised as a result of design, construction, or faults
caused by environment or operation.
Table 3 – Electrical shock hazard tests
Test Title Referenced standards Based on
IEC 61215-2
MST 11 Accessibility test IEC 61032 –
MST 12 Cut susceptibility test ANSI/UL 1703:2015 –
MST 13 Continuity test for equipotential bonding ANSI/UL 1703:2015 –
MST 14 Impulse voltage test IEC 60060-1 –
MST 16 Insulation test – MQT 03
MST 17 Wet leakage current test – MQT 15
MST 42 Robustness of terminations test IEC 62790 MQT 14
MST 57 Evaluation of insulation coordination IEC 60664-1 -
4.5 Fire hazard tests
These tests assess the potential fire hazard due to the operation of a PV module or failure of
its components.
Table 4 – Fire hazard tests
Test Title Referenced standards Based on
IEC 61215-2
MST 22 Hot-spot endurance test – MQT 09
a
Fire test – National/Local code
MST 23
MST 24 Ignitability test ISO 11925-2:2020 –
MST 25 Bypass diode thermal test – MQT 18
MST 26 Reverse current overload test – –
a
Fire tests are locally regulated and typically only required for building integrated or building added products,
typically to verify their ability to resist fire from external sources.
4.6 Mechanical stress tests
These tests are to minimise potential injury
...
Die Norm IEC 61730-2:2023 stellt einen wesentlichen Bestandteil der Sicherheitsqualifizierung von Photovoltaikmodulen dar, indem sie die notwendigen Tests beschreibt, die zur Gewährleistung der Sicherheit von PV-Modulen erforderlich sind. Diese Norm hat einen klaren Fokus auf die Sicherheitsqualifizierung und ist nur in Verbindung mit IEC 61730-1 anwendbar, wodurch eine umfassende Grundlage für die Überprüfung des Sicherheitsniveaus von PV-Modulen geschaffen wird. Die Stärken der IEC 61730-2:2023 liegen in der detaillierten Festlegung der Testfolgen, die dazu dienen, potenzielle Gefahren wie Brände, elektrischen Schlag und Personenschäden zu identifizieren. Die Norm legt nicht nur die grundlegenden Sicherheitsprüfanforderungen fest, sondern beinhaltet auch zusätzliche Tests, die von den spezifischen Anwendungen der PV-Module abhängen. Dies sorgt für eine umfassende Sicherheitsbewertung, die auf die vielfältigen Einsatzmöglichkeiten dieser Technologien zugeschnitten ist. Darüber hinaus berücksichtigt die Norm relevante ISO-Dokumente sowie nationale oder lokale Vorschriften, die für die Installation und Nutzung von PV-Modulen in den jeweiligen Anwendungsbereichen gelten. Diese Integration fördert die Relevanz der Norm in verschiedenen Kontexten und gewährleistet, dass die Sicherheitsanforderungen den aktuellen Standards und Vorschriften entsprechen. Die Berücksichtigung des Inhalts des Berichtigungsschreibens 1 (2024-10) in dieser Ausgabe trägt dazu bei, dass die Norm stets aktuell und anpassungsfähig bleibt, was die Sicherheit und Effizienz der getesteten Photovoltaikmodule betrifft. Insgesamt bietet die IEC 61730-2:2023 eine solide Grundlage für Hersteller und Installateure, um die Sicherheitsstandards in der Photovoltaikbranche zu gewährleisten.
IEC 61730-2:2023は、太陽光発電（PV）モジュールの安全性認証に関する必須要件を定めた重要な文書であり、特にそのテスト要件に関して詳細に記述しています。この標準は、IEC 61730-1と合わせて使用されることで、PVモジュールの安全評価を行うための基盤を提供します。 この文書のスコープは、PVモジュールが遵守すべきテストを列挙しており、内部および外部コンポーネントの潜在的な故障を把握し、火災、電気ショック、または人身傷害のリスクを軽減することを目的としています。安全性を検証するための試験手順と合格基準が設定されており、PVモジュールの設計に基づくさまざまな状況において、その安全性を評価するのに適しています。 さらに、この文書では基本的な安全試験要件に加えて、PVモジュールの最終使用用途に応じた追加の試験要件も実施されている点が特筆すべき強みです。また、関連するISO文書や、PVモジュールの設置および使用を規制する国内または地域のコードに基づく追加的なテスト要件が考慮されています。このような包括的アプローチは、業界の標準に則った確実な安全性を保証します。 最後に、2024年10月に発行された修正項目1の内容も本書に含まれており、最新の情報が反映されています。したがって、IEC 61730-2:2023は、PVモジュールの安全性確保における不可欠な指針であると言えるでしょう。その整合性と詳細なテスト要件により、業界の発展および消費者保護に貢献する一助となることが期待されます。
The IEC 61730-2:2023 standard plays a crucial role in the safety qualification of photovoltaic (PV) modules. The scope of this standard is specifically focused on outlining the required testing that must be conducted to verify the safety of PV modules, in conjunction with IEC 61730-1. It ensures that the construction of PV modules is measured against strict safety protocols, thus fostering a secure environment for both users and installers. One of the key strengths of IEC 61730-2:2023 is its comprehensive testing sequence, which is specifically designed to detect potential breakdowns of both internal and external components that could lead to hazards such as fires and electric shocks. This testing sequence is essential for preventing personal injury and ensuring the reliability of PV modules within various applications. The clear definition of basic safety test requirements sets a strong foundation for manufacturers and stakeholders to adhere to rigorous safety measures. Moreover, the relevance of IEC 61730-2:2023 extends beyond mere compliance; it integrates additional testing requirements derived from relevant ISO documents and local or national codes. This inclusivity ensures that the standard not only meets international benchmarks but also aligns with regional safety regulations, thereby enhancing its applicability across diverse markets. Furthermore, the document incorporates corrigendum 1 (2024-10), which indicates a commitment to keeping the standard updated and relevant in the ever-evolving landscape of PV technology and safety needs. This adaptability ensures that stakeholders can rely on IEC 61730-2:2023 for the most current safety testing practices. Overall, the IEC 61730-2:2023 standard is a pivotal resource for ensuring the safety of photovoltaic modules, reinforcing its importance in the regulation and safe deployment of solar technologies. The structured approach in defining safety qualification through thorough testing sequences establishes a benchmark that not only improves product safety but also boosts consumer confidence in PV systems.
IEC 61730-2:2023 표준 문서는 태양광(PV) 모듈의 안전 자격을 위한 테스트 요구사항을 명확히 규정하고 있습니다. 이 표준의 범위는 태양광 모듈이 IEC 61730-1과의 연계에 따라 안전성을 인정받기 위해 요구되는 테스트들을 포함하며, 주로 태양광 모듈의 내부 및 외부 구성 요소의 파손 가능성을 탐지하는 데 중점을 두고 있습니다. 강점으로는, IEC 61730-2:2023은 안전성 검증을 위한 테스트 시퀀스를 제공하여 전기 충격, 화재, 개인 상해와 같은 위험 요소를 조기에 발견할 수 있는 시스템을 마련하고 있습니다. 이 테스트 시퀀스와 통과 기준은 태양광 모듈의 구조가 IEC 61730-1에 의해 평가된 바를 반영하여, 각 모듈이 실제 사용 환경에서 안전하게 작동할 수 있도록 보장합니다. 또한, 이 표준은 PV 모듈의 최종 사용 응용에 따른 추가적인 테스트 요구사항을 규정하고 있으며, 관련 ISO 문서 또는 해당 지역에서 적용되는 법규를 고려하여 판매 및 설치 환경에 적합한 기준을 제시합니다. 이러한 접근은 각국의 규정을 충족시킴으로써, 사용자와 최종 소비자가 더욱 안전하게 태양광 기술을 활용할 수 있도록 도와줍니다. 마지막으로, 2024년 10월에 발행된 정오표의 내용이 포함되어 있어 최신 정보를 반영하고 있으며, 이는 표준의 적용성과 관련하여 중요한 역할을 합니다. IEC 61730-2:2023은 태양광 업계에서 안전성을 보장하는 데 필수적인 기준을 제공하며, 현업에서 유용한 가이드를 제시하는 표준으로 그 중요성이 큽니다.
La norme IEC 61730-2:2023 joue un rôle crucial dans la qualification de sécurité des modules photovoltaïques (PV). Son champ d'application détaille les essais auxquels un module PV doit se conformer pour garantir sa qualification de sécurité, en synergie avec la norme IEC 61730-1. L'objectif principal de ce document est de fournir une séquence d'essai destinée à vérifier la sécurité des modules PV dont la construction a été évaluée selon IEC 61730-1. Les forces de cette norme résident dans la rigueur des tests prescrits, conçus pour détecter des défaillances potentielles des composants internes et externes qui pourraient entraîner des risques tels que des incendies, des chocs électriques ou des blessures corporelles. En définissant les exigences fondamentales pour les tests de sécurité ainsi que des tests supplémentaires basés sur les applications de fin d'utilisation des modules PV, IEC 61730-2:2023 assure une approche exhaustive et systématique de la sécurité dans les installations solaires. De plus, cette norme intègre les exigences supplémentaires issues des documents ISO pertinents, ou des codes locaux et nationaux régissant l'installation et l'utilisation des modules PV, enrichissant ainsi son contenu de manière significative. Il est également à noter que la norme comprend le contenu du corrigendum 1 (2024-10), garantissant que les utilisateurs sont informés des dernières modifications et clarifications. La norme IEC 61730-2:2023 reste donc d'une grande pertinence pour les fabricants et installateurs de systèmes photovoltaïques, car elle contribue à la création de produits sûrs et conformes aux standards de l'industrie, essentielles pour la confiance des consommateurs et la durabilité des installations solaires.
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