IEC TR 62153-4-1:2010

Metallic communication cable test methods - Part 4-1: Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Introduction to electromagnetic (EMC) screening measurements

IEC/TR 62153-4-1:2010(E) gives a brief introduction to basic concepts and terms trying to reveal the common features of apparently different test methods. It should assist in correct interpretation of test data, and in the better understanding of screening (or shielding) and related specifications and standards. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2007. The significant change is a new clause on the background of the shielded screening attenuation test method.
This publication contains colours which are considered to be useful for the correct understanding of its contents.

General Information

• Status: Replaced
• Publication Date: 11-May-2010
• ICS: 33.100.10 - Emission
• ICS: 33.120.10 - Coaxial cables. Waveguides
• Technical Committee: TC 46 - Cables, wires, waveguides, RF connectors, RF and microwave passive components and accessories
• Drafting Committee: WG 5 - TC 46/WG 5
• Current Stage: DELPUB - Deleted Publication
• Completion Date: 22-Jan-2014

Relations

• Replaced By: IEC TS 62153-4-1:2014 - Metallic communication cable test methods - Part 4-1: Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Introduction to electromagnetic screening measurements
• Effective Date: 05-Sep-2023

Standards Content (Sample)

IEC/TR 62153-4-1
®
Edition 2.0 2010-05
TECHNICAL
REPORT

colour
inside
Metallic communication cable test methods –
Part 4-1: Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Introduction to electromagnetic
(EMC) screening measurements


IEC/TR 62153-4-1:2010(E)

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
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IEC/TR 62153-4-1
®
Edition 2.0 2010-05
TECHNICAL
REPORT

colour
inside
Metallic communication cable test methods –
Part 4-1: Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Introduction to electromagnetic
(EMC) screening measurements


INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
PRICE CODE
XB
ICS 33.100, 33.120.10 ISBN 978-2-88910-918-0
® Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission

---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
– 2 – TR 62153-4-1 © IEC:2010(E)
CONTENTS
FOREWORD.5
1 Scope.7
2 Normative references.7
3 Electromagnetic phenomena.8
4 The intrinsic screening parameters of short cables .10
4.1 General .10
4.2 Surface transfer impedance, Z .10
T
4.3 Capacitive coupling admittance, Y .10
C
4.4 Injecting with arbitrary cross-sections.12
4.5 Reciprocity and symmetry.12
4.6 Arbitrary load conditions .12
5 Long cables – coupled transmission lines.12
6 Transfer impedance of a braided wire outer conductor or screen .20
7 Test possibilities .26
7.1 General .26
7.2 Measuring the transfer impedance of coaxial cables.26
7.3 Measuring the transfer impedance of cable assemblies.26
7.4 Measuring the transfer impedance of connectors .27
7.5 Calculated maximum screening level .27
8 Comparison of the frequency response of different triaxial test set-ups to measure
the transfer impedance of cable screens .32
8.1 General .32
8.2 Physical basics.32
8.2.1 Triaxial set-up.32
8.2.2 Coupling equations .35
8.3 Simulations.35
8.3.1 General .35
8.3.2 Simulation of the standard and simplified methods according to
EN 50289-1-6, IEC 61196-1 (method 1 and 2) and IEC 62153-4-3
(method A).36
8.3.3 Simulation of the double short circuited methods.43
8.4 Conclusion .51
9 Background of the shielded screening attenuation test method (IEC 62153-4-4) .52
9.1 General .52
9.2 Objectives .52
9.3 Theory of the triaxial measuring method.53
9.4 Screening attenuation .58
9.5 Normalised screening attenuation .59
9.6 Measured results .60
9.7 Comparison with absorbing clamp method .62
9.8 Practical design of the test set-up .63
9.9 Influence of mismatches .64
Annex A (normative) List of symbols.67
Bibliography .70

rE,rH
t t
Figure 1 – Total electromagnetic field () .8

---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
TR 62153-4-1 © IEC:2010(E) – 3 –
Figure 2 – Defining and measuring screening parameters – A triaxial set-up .9
Figure 3 – Equivalent circuit for the testing of Z .11
T
Figure 4 – Equivalent circuit for the testing of Y = j ωC .11
c T
Figure 5 – Electrical quantities in a set-up that is matched at both ends .12
Figure 6 – The summing function S{L·f} for near and far end coupling.16
Figure 7 – Transfer impedance of a typical single braid screen .17
Figure 8 – The effect of the summing function-coupling transfer function of a typical
single braid screen cable.17
Figure 9 – Calculated coupling transfer functions T and T for a single braid – Z = 0 .18
n f F
Figure 10 – Calculated coupling transfer functions T and T for a single braid – Im(Z )
n f T
is positive and Z = +0,5 × Im (Z ) at high frequencies .18
F T
Figure 11 – Calculated coupling transfer functions T and T for a single braid – Im(Z )
n f T
is negative and Z = –0,5 × Im(Z ) at high frequencies .19
F T
Figure 12 – L·S: the complete length dependent factor in the coupling function T .20
Figure 13 – Transfer impedance of typical cables .21
Figure 14 – Magnetic coupling in the braid Complete flux.22
Figure 15 – Magnetic coupling in the braid Left-hand lay contribution .22
Figure 16 – Magnetic coupling in the braid Right-hand lay contribution.22
Figure 17 – Complex plane, Z = Re Z + j Im Z , frequency f as parameter .23
T T T
Figure 18 – Magnitude (amplitude), | Z (f) | .23
T
Figure 19 – Typical Z (time) step response of an overbraided and underbraided single
T
24
braided outer conductor of a coaxial cable.
Figure 20 – Z equivalent circuits of a braided wire screen .25
T
Figure 21 – Comparison of signal levels in a generic test setup .28
Figure 22 – Triaxial set-up for the measurement of the transfer impedance Z .32
T
Figure 23 – Equivalent circuit of the triaxial set-up.33
Figure 24 – Simulation of the frequency response for g.37
Figure 25 – Simulation of the frequency response for g.37
Figure 26 – Simulation of the frequency response for g.38
Figure 27 – Simulation of the frequency response for g.38
Figure 28 – Simulation of the 3 dB cut off wavelength (L/λ ) .39
1
Figure 29 – Interpolation of the simulated 3 dB cut off wavelength (L/λ ).40
1
Figure 30 – 3 dB cut-off frequency length product as a function of the dielectric
permittivity of the inner circuit (cable) .41
Figure 31 – Measurement result of the normalised voltage drop of a single braid screen
in the triaxial set-up.42
Figure 32 – Measurement result of the normalised voltage drop of a single braid screen
in the triaxial set-up.43
Figure 33 – Triaxial set-up (measuring tube), double short circuited method .44
Figure 34 – Simulation of the frequency response for g.45
Figure 35 – Simulation of the frequency response for g.45
Figure 36 – Simulation of the frequency response for g.46
Figure 37 – Simulation of the frequency response for g.46
Figure 38 – Interpolation of the simulated 3 dB cut off wavelength (L/λ ).47
1

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– 4 – TR 62153-4-1 © IEC:2010(E)
Figure 39 – 3 dB cut-off frequency length product as a function of the dielectric
permittivity of the inner circuit (cable) .48
Figure 40 – Simulation of the frequency response for g.49
Figure 41 – Interpolation of the simulated 3 dB cut off wavelength (L/λ ).50
1
Figure 42 – 3 dB cut-off frequency length product as a function of the dielectric
permittivity of the inner circuit (cable) .50
Figure 43 – Definition of transfer impedance.52
Figure 44 – Definition of coupling admittance .52
Figure 45 – Triaxial measuring set-up for screening attenuation.53
Figure 46 – Equivalent circuit of the triaxial measuring set-up.54
Figure 47 – Calculated voltage ratio for a typical braided cable screen.55
Figure 48 – Calculated periodic functions for ε = 2,3 and ε = 1,1 .56
r1 r2
Figure 49 – Calculated voltage ratio-typical braided cable screen.57
Figure 50 – Equivalent circuit for an electrical short part of the length Δl and negligible
capacitive coupling.58
Figure 51 – a of single braid screen, cable type RG 58, L = 2 m .61
s
Figure 52 – a of single braid screen, cable type RG 58, L = 0,5 m .61
s
Figure 53 – a of cable type HF 75 0,7/4,8 02YCY .62
s
Figure 54 – a of cable type HF 75 1,0/4,8 02YCY .62
s
Figure 55 – a of double braid screen, cable type RG 223.62
s
Figure 56 – Schematic for the measurement of the screening attenuation a .64
s
Figure 57 – Short circuit between tube and cable screen of the CUT.64
Figure 58 – Triaxial set-up, impedance mismatches.65
Figure 59 – Calculated voltage ratio including multiple reflections caused by the
screening case.66
Figure 60 – Calculated voltage ratio including multiple reflections caused by the
screening case.66

Table 1 – The coupling transfer function T (coupling function).15
Table 2 – Screening effectiveness of cable test methods for surface transfer impedance Z .30
T
Table 3 – Load conditions of the different set-ups.34
Table 4 – Parameters of the different set-ups .36
Table 5 – Cut-off frequency length product .40
Table 6 – Typical values for the factor v, for an inner tube diameter of 40 mm and a
generator output impedance of 50 Ω.44
Table 7 – Cut-off frequency length product .47
Table 8 – Material combinations and the factor n .49
Table 9 – Cut-off frequency length product .50
Table 10 – Cut-off frequency length product for some typical cables in the different set-ups.51
Table 11 – Δa in dB for typical cable dielectrics .60
Table 12 – Comparison of results of some coaxial cables .63

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TR 62153-4-1 © IEC:2010(E) – 5 –
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________

METALLIC COMMUNICATION CABLE TEST METHODS –

Part 4-1: Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) –
Introduction to electromagnetic (EMC) screening measurements


FOREWORD
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The main task of IEC technical committees is to prepare International Standards. However, a
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data of a different kind from that which is normally published as an International Standard, for
example "state of the art".
IEC/TR 62153-4-1, which is a technical report, has been prepared by IEC technical committee
46: Cables, wires, waveguides, R.F. connectors, R.F. and microwave passive components and
accessories.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2007. The significant
change is a new clause on the background of the shielded screening attenuation test method.

---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------
– 6 – TR 62153-4-1 © IEC:2010(E)
The text of this technical report is based on the following documents:
Enquiry draft Report on voting
46/331/DTR 46/350/RVC

Full information on the voting for the approval of this technical report can be found in the report
on voting indicated in the above table.
This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
A list of all parts of the IEC 62153 series, under the general title: Metallic communication cable
test methods, can be found on the IEC website.
The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until the
stability date indicated on the IEC web site under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data related to
the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
A bilingual version of this publication may be issued at a later date.

IMPORTANT – The 'colour inside' logo on the cover page of this publication indicates
that it contains colours which are considered to be useful for the correct understanding
of its contents. Users should therefore print this document using a colour printer.

---------------------- Page: 8 ----------------------
TR 62153-4-1 © IEC:2010(E) – 7 –
METALLIC COMMUNICATION CABLE TEST METHODS –

Part 4-1: Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) –
Introduction to electromagnetic (EMC) screening measurements



1 Scope
Screening (or shielding) is one basic way of achieving electromagnetic compatibility (EMC).
However, a confusingly large number of methods and concepts is available to test for the
screening quality of cables and related components, and for defining their quality. This
technical report gives a brief introduction to basic concepts and terms trying to reveal the
common features of apparently different test methods. It should assist in correct interpretation
of test data, and in the better understanding of screening (or shielding) and related
specifications and standards.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For
dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of
the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
IEC 60096-1:1986, Radio-frequency cables – Part 1: General requirements and measuring
methods
Amendment 2 (1993)
IEC 60096-4-1, Radio-frequency cables – Part 4: Specification for superscreened cables –
Section 1: General requirements and test methods
IEC 60169-1-3, Radio frequency connectors – Part 1: General requirements and measuring
methods – Section 3: Electrical tests and measuring procedures – Screening effectiveness
IEC 61196-1:1995, Radiofrequency cables – Part 1: Generic specification – General,
definitions, requirements and test methods
IEC 61726, Cable assemblies, cables, connectors and passive microwave components –
Screening attenuation measurement by the reverberation chamber method
IEC 62153-4-3, Metallic communication cables test methods – Part 4-3: Electromagnetic
compatibility (EMC) – Surface transfer impedance – Triaxial method
IEC 62153-4-4, Metallic communication cable test methods – Part 4-4: Electromagnetic
compatibility (EMC) – Shielded screening attenuation, test method for measuring of the
screening attenuation a up to and above 3 GHz
s
IEC 62153-4-5, Metallic communication cable test methods – Part 4-5: Electromagnetic
compatibility (EMC) – Coupling or screening attenuation – Absorbing clamp method
EN 50289-1-6, Communication cables – Specification for test methods – Electrical test
methods – Electromagnetic performance

---------------------- Page: 9 ----------------------
– 8 – TR 62153-4-1 © IEC:2010(E)
3 Electromagnetic phenomena
It is assumed that if an electromagnetic field is incident on a screened cable, there is only weak
coupling between the external field and that inside, and that the cable diameter is very small
compared with both the cable length and the wavelength of the incident field. The superposition
of the external incident field and the field scattered by the cable yields the total electromagnetic
r r
field ()E ,H in Figure 1. The total field at the screen's surface may be considered as the
t t
source of the coupling: electric field penetrates through apertures by electric or capacitive
coupling; also magnetic fields penetrate through apertures by inductive or magnetic coupling.
Additionally, the induced current in the screen results in conductive or resistive coupling.

r r
()E ,H
s s
r r r
()E ,H E
i i
t
r
r
H
t

n
σ
J
X
IEC  893/10

Key
r r
J induced surface current density- (A/m)
()E ,H incident electromagnetic field
i i
r r
2
σ induced surface charge density- (C/m )
()E ,H scattered electromagnetic field
s s
r r r
n unit vector normal to the surface
()E ,H total electromagnetic field
t t
x positive axial cable direction ε , ε permittivity, free space and relative
o r
rE,rH
t t
Figure 1 – Total electromagnetic field ()
r r r r r r
()E ,H =(E ,H)+(E ,H) (1)
t t i i s s
r
r
J = n ⋅ H (2)
t
r
r
σ = n ⋅ E ε ε (3)
t o r

---------------------- Page: 10 ----------------------
TR 62153-4-1 © IEC:2010(E) – 9 –
As the field at the surface of the screen is directly related to density of surface current and
r r
surface charge, the coupling may be assigned either to the total field ()E ,H or to the surface
t t
current- and charge- densities (J and σ). Consequently, the coupling into the cable may be
simulated by reproducing, through any suitable means, the surface currents and charges on
the screen. Because the cable diameter is assumed to be small, the higher modes may be
neglected and it is possible to use an additional coaxial conductor as the injection structure, as
shown in Figure 2.
L
+
E
1
U
1n
Z
1n U
1f
Z
1f
Z U
I
Z
2n 2n (1) U
1
2f
2f
(2) D
1
Z
2
Z
1
IEC  894/10

Key (for Figures 2,3,4,5)
(1), (2) Indicates outer circuit(1), tube, respectively inner circuit(2), cable
Z Characteristic impedance of the outer circuit(1), tube, respectively inner circuit(2), cable

1,2
Dielectric permittivity of the outer circuit(1), tube, respectively inner circuit(2), cable
ε

1,2
β Phase constant of the outer circuit(1), tube, respectively inner circuit(2), cable

1,2
λ Wave length of the outer circuit(1), tube, respectively inner circuit(2), cable

1,2
Coupling length
L
D Diameter of injection cylinder-tube
1
V Voltmeter

A Ammeter

Z , Z Load resistance at the near end, respectively far end of the outer circuit(1), tube

1n 1f
Z , Z Load resistance at the near end, respectively far end of the inner circuit(2), cable

2n 2f
EMF of the generator
E
1
I , I Current in the outer circuit(1), tube, respectively inner circuit(2), cable
1 2
U , U Voltage at the near end, respectively far end of the outer circuit(1), tube

1n 1f
Voltage at the near end, respectively far end of the inner circuit(2), cable
U , U

2n 2f
Concept of a triaxial set-up
(1) outer circuit (1), formed by an injection cylinder-tube and the screen under test, with characteristic impedance
Z ,
1
(2) inner circuit (2), formed by the screen under test, and centre conductor, with characteristic impedance Z ;
2
screening at the en
...