IEC 62629-1-2:2021

3D display devices - Part 1-2: Generic - Terminology and letter symbols

IEC 62629-1-2:2021 is available as IEC 62629-1-2:2021 RLV which contains the International Standard and its Redline version, showing all changes of the technical content compared to the previous edition.
IEC 62629-1-2:2021 provides a list of the terminologies that are frequently used in describing 3D display technologies in the -IEC 62629 series. Terms for various 3D display technologies on stereoscopic, autostereoscopic, volumetric, and :holographic displays are included. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
- added new terms related to holographic display and light field display;
- added new terms on the performance specifications used in other IEC 62629 series documents;
- added Annex C to explain the depth perception in 3D displays in more detail.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 16-Sep-2021
• ICS: 31.120 - Electronic display devices
• ICS: 31.260 - Optoelectronics. Laser equipment
• Technical Committee: TC 110 - Electronic displays
• Current Stage: PPUB - Publication issued
• Completion Date: 17-Sep-2021

Standards Content (sample)

IEC 62629-1-2
Edition 2.0 2021-09
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
colour
inside
3D display devices –
Part 1-2: Generic – Terminology and letter symbols
IEC 62629-1-2:2021-09(en)
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IEC 62629-1-2
Edition 2.0 2021-09
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
colour
inside
3D display devices –
Part 1-2: Generic – Terminology and letter symbols
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
ICS 31.120; 31.260 ISBN 978-2-8322-1024-4

Warning! Make sure that you obtained this publication from an authorized distributor.

® Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission
---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
– 2 – IEC 62629-1-2:2021 © IEC 2021
CONTENTS

FOREWORD ......................................................................................................................... 3

1 Scope ............................................................................................................................ 5

2 Normative references..................................................................................................... 5

3 Terms and definitions .................................................................................................... 5

3.1 General terms ....................................................................................................... 5

3.2 Terms related to components ................................................................................ 8

3.3 Terms related to performance specifications .......................................................... 9

Annex A (informative) Definition guidelines for terms which include "image", "view" or

"vision" ............................................................................................................................... 10

A.1 General ............................................................................................................... 10

A.2 Definition guidelines ............................................................................................ 10

A.2.1 Stereoscopic image and stereoscopic view ................................................... 10

A.2.2 Convention in using the plural form of stereoscopic image and

stereoscopic view ......................................................................................... 11

A.2.3 View and vision ............................................................................................ 12

A.2.4 Imaging and vision ....................................................................................... 12

Annex B (informative) Classification of 3D display types ..................................................... 13

B.1 General ............................................................................................................... 13

B.2 Classification ...................................................................................................... 13

B.2.1 3D display .................................................................................................... 13

B.2.2 Stereoscopic display .................................................................................... 13

B.2.3 Autostereoscopic display .............................................................................. 13

Annex C (informative) Relation between depth perception and 3D display ........................... 15

C.1 General ............................................................................................................... 15

C.2 Depth perception by binocular parallax when viewing a 3D display ....................... 15

C.3 Convergence accommodation conflict when viewing a 3D display ......................... 15

C.4 Horizontal-parallax-only and full-parallax 3D display ............................................ 16

Annex D (informative) Lobe ................................................................................................ 18

Annex E (informative) Relationship between integral imaging display and light field

display ................................................................................................................................ 19

Bibliography ....................................................................................................................... 21

Figure A.1 – Difference between "image" and "view" ............................................................ 10

Figure A.2 – Structure of multi-view display ......................................................................... 11

Figure A.3 – Stereoscopic images and stereoscopic views ................................................... 12

Figure B.1 – Classification of 3D displays ............................................................................ 14

Figure C.1 – Depth perception by convergence when viewing a 3D display .......................... 15

Figure C.2 – Vergence-accommodation conflict ................................................................... 16

Figure C.3 – Horizontal and vertical parallax ....................................................................... 17

Figure D.1 – Lobe of autostereoscopic display ..................................................................... 18

Figure E.1 – Display configurations that reproduce the light field ......................................... 20

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IEC 62629-1-2:2021 © IEC 2021 – 3 –
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
3D DISPLAY DEVICES –
Part 1-2: Generic – Terminology and letter symbols
FOREWORD

1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising

all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote international

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rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.

IEC 62629-1-2 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 110: Electronic displays. It is an

International Standard.

This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2013. This edition

constitutes a technical revision.

This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous

edition:
a) added new terms related to holographic display and light field display;

b) added new terms on the performance specifications used in other IEC 62629 series

documents;
c) added Annex C to explain the depth perception in 3D displays in more detail.
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– 4 – IEC 62629-1-2:2021 © IEC 2021
The text of this International Standard is based on the following documents:
Draft Report on voting
110/1287/CDV 110/1330/RVC

Full information on the voting for its approval can be found in the report on voting indicated in

the above table.
The language used for the development of this International Standard is English

This document was drafted in accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2, and developed in

accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1 and ISO/IEC Directives, IEC Supplement, available

at www.iec.ch/members_experts/refdocs. The main document types developed by IEC are

described in greater detail at www.iec.ch/standardsdev/publications.
In this standard, the following print types are used:
• Terms defined within Clause 3: in italics type.

A list of all the parts in the IEC 62629 series, under the general title 3D display devices, can be

found on the IEC website.

The committee has decided that the contents of this document will remain unchanged until the

stability date indicated on the IEC website under webstore.iec.ch in the data related to the

specific document. At this date, the document will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.

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IEC 62629-1-2:2021 © IEC 2021 – 5 –
3D DISPLAY DEVICES –
Part 1-2: Generic – Terminology and letter symbols
1 Scope

This part of IEC 62629 provides a list of the terminologies that are frequently used in describing

3D display technologies in the IEC 62629 series. Terms for various 3D display technologies on

stereoscopic, autostereoscopic, volumetric, and holographic displays are included.

2 Normative references
There are no normative references in this document.
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.

ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following

addresses:
• IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
• ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
3.1 General terms
3.1.1
3D display
display device giving depth perception with physiological depth cues

Note 1 to entry: Physiological depth cues include accommodation, convergence, binocular parallax, and motion

parallax. The 3D display provides users with all or some of the physiological depth cues so that they can perceive

depth. Physiological depth cues should be distinguished from pictorial depth cues which can also be provided by the

usual 2D displays. Pictorial depth cues are features in an image that give a hint of the depth. Examples of pictorial

depth cues are texture gradient, shadow, occlusion, and vanishing lines. See Annex C.

3.1.2
stereoscopic display
3D display providing binocular parallax

Note 1 to entry: See autostereoscopic display (3.1.3). For classification of the 3D displays, see Annex B.

3.1.3
autostereoscopic display
stereoscopic display that requires no viewing aids

Note 1 to entry: See stereoscopic display (3.1.2). For classification of the 3D displays, see Annex B.

3.1.4
two-view display
two-view autostereoscopic display
autostereoscopic display providing one stereoscopic view
Note 1 to entry: See multi-view display (3.1.5).
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3.1.5
multi-view display
multi-view autostereoscopic display
autostereoscopic display providing multiple stereoscopic views
Note 1 to entry: See two-view display (3.1.4).
3.1.6
integral imaging display
integral imaging autostereoscopic display
light field display
autostereoscopic display that reproduces ray space

Note 1 to entry: Depending on the light field or ray space that the display reproduces, the display may not be an

autostereoscopic display. For example, if the reproduced light field allows the user to recognize information only at

a pre-defined authorized condition, then the display is a secure display, not an autostereoscopic display. But in the

IEC 62629 series, the light field is limited to the one corresponding to the 3D images such that the display reproducing

the light field is an autostereoscopic display.

Note 2 to entry: If the angular range of the light field reconstruction does not cover the two eyes of the user, the

display is a monocular 3D display, not an autostereoscopic display. However, in the IEC 62629 series, the light field

display is limited to the autostereoscopic display.

Note 3 to entry: An integral imaging display is the same as a light field display. Sometimes, though, it could refer

to a subset of the light field display which uses an array of lenslets or pinholes for the reproduction of light field. See

Annex E.
3.1.7
voxel
volume pixel which can be addressed to control its light intensity

Note 1 to entry: Voxel includes not only the physical element that emits or reflects light but also the optical image

point to which light from the display converges or diverges from.
3.1.8
volumetric display
autostereoscopic display which forms a set of voxels distributed in space
3.1.9
stereoscopic image
pair of images with parallax shown on a stereoscopic display

Note 1 to entry: Stereoscopic images are made by capturing images of an object from slightly different positions

and are used as output of a stereoscopic display. See Annex A.
3.1.10
stereoscopic view
pair of sights provided by a stereoscopic display, which induce stereopsis

Note 1 to entry: Stereoscopic view is generally not the same as stereoscopic image. In some cases, more than a

single monocular image is projected on the retina of an eye by crosstalk. See Annex A.

3.1.11
monocular image
one part of a stereoscopic image
Note 1 to entry: See A.2.2 and Figure A.3.
3.1.12
monocular view
one part of a stereoscopic view
Note 1 to entry: See A.2.2 and Figure A.3.
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IEC 62629-1-2:2021 © IEC 2021 – 7 –
3.1.13
designed viewing distance
viewing distance recommended by the manufacturer of the 3D display
Note 1 to entry: For a detailed measurement procedure, see IEC 62629-22-1 [3] .
3.1.14
lobe

space wherein one or multiple stereoscopic images are projected in correct angular order by

an autostereoscopic display
Note 1 to entry: See Annex D.
3.1.15
ray space
light field
spatial and angular distribution of light rays

Note 1 to entry: Distribution of the light rays in a space can be described by a plenoptic function, also called light

field, which represents intensity as a 7D function of spatial position (3D), direction (2D), wavelength (1D), and

polarization (1D) of the rays. The 7D plenoptic function can be reduced to a 4D ray space which only represents the

ray angular direction (2D) and the spatial position (2D) intercepting a plane. Although the light field originally means

the plenoptic function, it is also frequently used in its reduced meaning of ray space. In this document, the ray space

and the light field have the same meaning, representing 4D distribution of the light rays.

3.1.16
holographic display

autostereoscopic display that generates continuous wavefront converging to each point of a 3D

image in space by light diffraction

Note 1 to entry: In its broad meaning, holographic display does not require continuity of the wavefront.

Note 2 to entry: For a detailed explanation, see IEC TR 62629-41-1 [4].

Note 3 to entry: If the angular range of the wavefront generation does not cover the two eyes of the user, then the

display is a monocular 3D display, not an autostereoscopic display. However, in the IEC 62629 series, the

holographic display is limited to the autostereoscopic display.
3.1.17
holographic stereogram display

autostereoscopic display that provides discrete stereoscopic views by light diffraction

Note 1 to entry: A full parallax holographic stereogram display generates a discrete wavefront converging to each

point of a 3D image and can be considered as the holographic display in its broad meaning.

Note 2 to entry: For a detailed explanation, see IEC TR 62629-41-1 [4].
3.1.18
complex amplitude
complex value representing amplitude and phase of the light wave
Note 1 to entry: For a detailed explanation, see IEC TR 62629-41-1 [4]..
3.1.19
wavefront
locus of spatial points that share the same phase of the light wave
Note 1 to entry: For a detailed explanation, see IEC TR 62629-41-1 [4]..
___________
Numbers in square brackets refer to the Bibliography.
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3.1.20
aerial display

display that forms a real image in mid-air by use of an incoherent light source display and a

passive optical component to converge diverging light from the light source display

Note 1 to entry: For a detailed explanation, see IECTR 62629-51-1 [5].
3.2 Terms related to components
3.2.1
active glasses, pl.

glasses whose left and right lenses alternate their optical characteristics, by synchronizing with

displayed sequential images on a stereoscopic display (e.g., synchronizing with TV fields, TV

frame, etc.) to separate the displayed images into left and right monocular views

Note 1 to entry: Usually left and right images are displayed alternately on a screen. When a left image is displayed,

the left lens of
...