ISO/TS 17427:2014

Intelligent transport systems — Cooperative systems — Roles and responsibilities in the context of cooperative ITS based on architecture(s) for cooperative systems

ISO/TS 17427:2014 describes the (actor invariant) roles and responsibilities required to deploy and operate Cooperative-ITS (C-ITS). The organizational architecture described in this document is to be used for a fully operational system. ISO/TS 17427:2014 is couched in terms of an organizational or enterprise viewpoint, as defined in ISO/IEC 10746 Open Distributed Processing. ISO/TS 17427:2014 is applicable to all types of road traffic of all classes. The description of roles is completely technology agnostic and, in terms of C-ITS communication modes, embraces vehicle-vehicle communications, vehicle-infrastructure communications and infrastructure-infrastructure communications. ISO/TS 17427:2014 provides a methodology for the identification of service specific roles and their corresponding responsibilities based on a process oriented approach. Additionally, the defined methodology is used to identify the roles and responsibilities for C-ITS, in general. Both the methodology, as well as, the roles and responsibilities for C-ITS are deduced from the reference model: Open Distributed Processing (ISO/IEC 10746). Open Distributed Processing offers five viewpoints of which the enterprise viewpoint corresponds with the organizational architecture and the roles and responsibilities. ISO/TS 17427:2014 separates C-ITS roles into 'external' and 'internal'. Those considered to be internal are all roles set up for the sole purpose of C-ITS and those considered to be external are all roles involved in C-ITS but not set up for the sole purpose of C-ITS. ISO/TS 17427:2014 describes high-level architectural viewpoint on C-ITS. It can be used as a blueprint when implementing C-ITS and the corresponding organizational structures. The characteristics of C-ITS entail a huge number of data/information exchanges. Therefore, the implementation of the organizational architecture stringently needs to respect privacy and data protection, as defined in ISO/TR 12859 and in the national laws and regulations (where instantiated). Privacy and data protection affect all roles defined in this Technical Specification and due to these characteristics, all actors occupying roles in C-ITS need to respect the corresponding standards and regulations.

Systèmes intelligents de transport — Systèmes coopératifs — Rôles et responsabilités dans le contexte des ITS fondés sur l'architecture de systèmes coopératifs

General Information

• Status: Withdrawn
• Publication Date: 03-Jul-2014
• Withdrawal Date: 03-Jul-2014
• ICS: 03.220.01 - Transport in general
• ICS: 35.240.60 - IT applications in transport
• Technical Committee: ISO/TC 204 - Intelligent transport systems
• Drafting Committee: ISO/TC 204/WG 18 - Cooperative systems
• Current Stage: 9599 - Withdrawal of International Standard
• Completion Date: 15-Jun-2018

Relations

• Revised: ISO 17427-1:2018 - Intelligent transport systems — Cooperative ITS — Part 1: Roles and responsibilities in the context of co-operative ITS architecture(s)
• Effective Date: 05-Nov-2015

Standards Content (Sample)

TECHNICAL ISO/TS
SPECIFICATION 17427
First edition
2014-07-01
Intelligent transport systems —
Cooperative systems — Roles and
responsibilities in the context
of cooperative ITS based on
architecture(s) for cooperative
systems
Systèmes intelligents de transport — Systèmes coopératifs — Rôles et
responsabilités dans le contexte des ITS fondés sur l’architecture de
systèmes coopératifs
Reference number
ISO/TS 17427:2014(E)
©
ISO 2014

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ISO/TS 17427:2014(E)

COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2014
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior
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Published in Switzerland
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ISO/TS 17427:2014(E)

Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 2
4 Symbols (and abbreviated terms) . 5
5 Introduction and theoretical framework. 5
5.1 Transferring ODP to roles and responsibilities for C-ITS . 5
5.2 External Enterprise Objects . 6
6 Roles and responsibilities . 8
6.1 Introduction . 8
6.2 General responsibilities of actors involved in C-ITS . 9
6.3 Role: System operation .10
6.4 Role: Using the service .12
6.5 Role: System management .12
6.6 Role: Policy framework .14
6.7 Profiles .15
7 Compliance .15
Annex A (informative) Methodology and its sample application .16
Annex B (informative) Profiles .29
Bibliography .45
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ISO/TS 17427:2014(E)

Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity
assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers
to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary information
The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 204, Intelligent transport systems.
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Introduction
Cooperative-ITS (C-ITS) are a promising and remarkable advancement of Intelligent Transport Systems
(ITS). Numerous cooperative applications are specified that open up new possibilities to make traffic
safer, more efficient and smarter. Technologies are developed and improved to realize and support those
new services and applications. But, to finally implement C-ITS and to achieve the benefits of more safety
and better mobility, various actors from different industries will have to cooperate with each other in a
completely new way. Actors that did not collaborate so far will have to find a way to do so. This requires
a precise definition and assignment of behaviours, responsibilities and liabilities. Therefore a general,
abstract organizational architecture with the description of the single roles, their behaviour and the
corresponding responsibilities is the essential basis for the deployment of C-ITS.
The organizational architecture itself with the description of the roles and responsibilities is a crucial
part of the whole C-ITS architecture. The organizational architectural viewpoint has extensive influences
on the deployment and implementation of C-ITS.
This document describes the high level roles and responsibilities that enable C-ITS Service provision.
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TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION ISO/TS 17427:2014(E)
Intelligent transport systems — Cooperative systems —
Roles and responsibilities in the context of cooperative ITS
based on architecture(s) for cooperative systems
1 Scope
This Technical Specification describes the (non-actor specific) roles and responsibilities required
to deploy and operate Cooperative-ITS (C-ITS). The organizational architecture described in this
document is to be used for a fully operational system. The Technical Specification is couched in terms of
[1]
an organizational or enterprise viewpoint, as defined in ISO/IEC 10746 Open Distributed Processing.
This Technical Specification is applicable to all types of road traffic of all classes. The description of
roles is completely technology agnostic and, in terms of C-ITS communication modes, embraces vehicle-
vehicle communications, vehicle-infrastructure communications and infrastructure-infrastructure
communications.
This Technical Specification provides a methodology for the identification of service specific roles
and their corresponding responsibilities based on a process oriented approach. Additionally, the
defined methodology is used to identify the roles and responsibilities for C-ITS, in general. Both the
methodology, as well as, the roles and responsibilities for C-ITS are deduced from the reference model:
[1]
Open Distributed Processing (ISO/IEC 10746). Open Distributed Processing offers five viewpoints
of which the enterprise viewpoint corresponds with the organizational architecture and the roles and
responsibilities.
This Technical Specification separates C-ITS roles into ‘external’ and ‘internal’. Those considered to be
internal are all roles set up for the sole purpose of C-ITS and those considered to be external are all roles
involved in C-ITS but not set up for the sole purpose of C-ITS.
This Technical Specification describes high-level architectural viewpoint on C-ITS. It can be used as a
blueprint when implementing C-ITS and the corresponding organizational structures. The characteristics
of C-ITS entail a huge number of data/information exchanges. Therefore, the implementation of the
organizational architecture stringently needs to respect privacy and data protection, as defined
in ISO/TR 12859 and in the national laws and regulations (where instantiated). Privacy and data
protection affect all roles defined in this Technical Specification and due to these characteristics, all
actors occupying roles in C-ITS need to respect the corresponding standards and regulations.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document
and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO/IEC 10746:1996, Information technology — Open Distributed Processing — Reference model
ISO 14817:2002, Transport information and control systems — Requirements for an ITS/TICS central Data
Registry and ITS/TICS Data Dictionaries
ISO/TS 17419, Intelligent transport systems — Co-operative systems — Classification and management of
ITS applications in a global context”
ISO/TS 17931, Intelligent transport systems — Extension of map database specifications for Local Dynamic
Map for applications of Cooperative ITS
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ISO/IEC 19501:2005, Information technology — Open Distributed Processing — Unified Modeling Language
(UML) Version 1.4.2
ISO 21217:2013, Intelligent transport systems — Communications access for land mobiles (CALM) —
Architecture
ETSI/TS 102-637:2011, Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS); Vehicular Communications Basic Set of
Applications
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply
3.1
action
something which happens
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC 10746-2, see Bibliography reference 2]
3.2
actor
user playing a coherent set of roles when interacting with the system within a particular use case
[SOURCE: ISO 24014-1:2007, see Bibliography reference 6]
3.3
application
mechanism of delivering some or all parts of an ITS service (3.23)
[SOURCE: ISO/TR 17465-1, see Bibliography reference 18]
3.4
behaviour
collection of actions (3.1) with a set of constraints on when they may occur
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC 10746-2, see Bibliography reference 2]
3.5
community
configuration of objects (3.13) formed to meet an objective
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC 10746-3, see Bibliography reference 3]
3.6
cooperative-ITS
C-ITS
DEPRECATED: cooperative systems
subset of overall ITS that communicates and shares information between ITS stations to give advice or
facilitate actions with the objective of improving safety, sustainability, efficiency and comfort beyond
the scope of stand-alone systems
Note 1 to entry: As an alternative to a “subset”, cooperative-ITS could be viewed as a “paradigm” in overall ITS.
[SOURCE: ISO/TR 17465-1, see Bibliography reference 18]
3.7
enterprise object
object (3.13) in enterprise viewpoint (3.10)
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3.8
external enterprise object
enterprise object (3.7) involved in C-ITS but not set up for the only purpose of C-ITS
[SOURCE: ISO/TS 17574:2009, see Bibliography reference 4]
3.9
internal enterprise object
complementary to external enterprise object (3.8)
3.10
enterprise viewpoint
a viewpoint on an ODP system and its environment that focuses on the purpose, scope and policies for
that system
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC 10746-3, see Bibliography reference 3]
3.11
infrastructure
system of facilities, equipment and ITS services (3.23) that is needed for the operation of an organization
Note 1 to entry: Specifically in the case of C-ITS the most stationary part of C-ITS incorporating sensors, actuators,
static ITS Station(s) (3.12).
[SOURCE: ISO 9000:2005, see Bibliography reference 7]
3.12
ITS station
entity in a communication network capable of communicating with other similar entities
Note 1 to entry: From an abstract point of view, the term “ITS station” refers to a set of functionalities. The
term is often used to refer to an instantiation of these functionalities in a physical unit. Often the appropriate
interpretation is obvious from the context. The proper name of physical instantiation of an ITS-S is ITS station
unit (ITS-SU).
[SOURCE: ISO 21217:2010, see Bibliography reference 10]
3.13
object
model of an entity
Note 1 to entry: An object is characterized by its behaviour (3.4) and dually by its state. An object is distinct from
any other object. An object is encapsulated, i.e. any change in its state can only occur as a result of an internal
action (3.1) or as a result of an interaction with its environment.
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC 10746-2, see Bibliography reference 2]
3.14
process
process that describes a sequence of actions (3.1)
Note 1 to entry: A process can also be a set of interrelated or interacting activates which transform inputs into
[8]
outputs.
[SOURCE: ISO 9000:2005, see Bibliography reference 7]
3.15
process chain
sequence of processes (3.14) that wait in the background for an event
Note 1 to entry: Some of these processes (3.14) trigger a separate event that can start other processes (3.14) in turn
[SOURCE: SAP Help Portal, see Bibliography reference 9]
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3.16
sequential process
process (3.14) based on sequence of actions (3.1) executed
3.17
(data) lifecycle process
process (3.14) based on data element transformation
3.18
responsibility
being accountable or answerable, as for an entity, function, system, security service or obligation
EXAMPLE A responsibility might be a legally backed assignment of actions (3.1) to a role (3.20).
[SOURCE: ISO/TS 17574:2009, see Bibliography reference 4]
3.19
roadside unit
implementation of roadside ITS Station (3.12) combined with other roadside equipment
EXAMPLE Sensors, actuator.
3.20
role
identifies a behaviour (3.4) to be associated with one of the component objects
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC 10746-2, see Bibliography reference 2]
3.21
sub-role
subordinate role (3.20) consisting of a defined fragment of the superior role (3.20)
3.22
scenario
general description of activities between (possible) participating actors (3.2)
3.23
ITS service
functionality provided to users of intelligent transport systems designed to increase safety, sustainability,
efficiency, and/or comfort
Note 1 to entry: This definition also appears in the latest version of ISO 21217.
3.24
ITS service in push mode
ITS service (3.23) operating on data delivered without request by an actor or its system
3.25
service in pull mode
ITS service (3.23) actively requesting the data that is required for the service operation
3.26
stakeholder
individual or organization having a right, share, claim or interest in a system or in its possession of
characteristics that meet their needs and expectations
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC 12207:2008, see Bibliography reference 5]
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4 Symbols (and abbreviated terms)
C-ITS Cooperative ITS
GNSS Global Navigation Satellite System
HMI Human Machine Interface
ITS Intelligent Transport Systems
LDM Local Dynamic Map
PKI Public Key Infrastructure
ODP Open Distributed Processing
5 Introduction and theoretical framework
5.1 Transferring ODP to roles and responsibilities for C-ITS
Cooperative-ITS (C-ITS) features the characteristics of a distributed system with its partition onto
multiple ITS stations (3.12). Hence methodologies for the description of distributed systems are consulted
when describing the overall architecture of C-ITS and its different viewpoints. For the description
of the organisational architecture as one of the viewpoints of C-ITS, the concept of Open Distributed
[1] [2] [3]
Processing , , is applied. The organisational architecture corresponds with the enterprise viewpoint
(3.10) in ODP, defining the “purpose, scope and policies governing the activities of the specified system
within the organization of which it is part”. Conveyed to C-ITS, this Technical Specification is part of the
organizational architecture for C-ITS and focuses on the description of C-ITS specific roles (3.20) and
responsibilities (3.18).
Following the concept and terminology of ODP for the description of the roles (3.20) and responsibilities
(3.18), C-ITS can be described as a community (3.5) composed of external and internal enterprise objects
(3.8, 3.9) (see Figure 1) with the objective of providing C-ITS with its benefits regarding traffic safety,
traffic efficiency, comfort and ecologic mobility to the user. External enterprise objects (3.8) are involved
in C-ITS but are not set up for the sole purpose of C-ITS. Therefore this document limits itself to the
identification of roles and responsibilities of external enterprise objects (3.8).
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Figure 1 — Relationship between Community, Internal and External Enterprise Objects and
Roles
5.2 External Enterprise Objects
C-ITS, as internal enterprise object (3.9), is connected with various external enterprise objects (3.8). The
diagram (Figure 2) illustrates the external enterprise objects (3.8) and their interfaces to the internal
enterprise object (3.9). Figure 2 shall illustrate the variety of parties (external enterprise objects) involved
in C-ITS. The external enterprise objects (3.8) comprise examples from different levels.
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Figure 2 — External and Internal Enterprise Objects in a C-ITS Community
From the enterprise objects (3.5) displayed in Figure 2, the following are closely connected with C-ITS
and rather have an external-internal status:
— Telecommunication systems;
— Certification;
— Standardization bodies;
— Authorities.
Criteria for the categorization of “external-internal” is that the external enterprise objects (3.8) are deeply
involved in C-ITS and partially exhibit C-ITS specific roles (3.20). More details are given in Clause 6. The
standard functionalities that external enterprise objects (3.8) provide are documented in the respective
standards referenced in Clause 6.
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Additionally, as shown in Figure 2, C-ITS has interfaces with other ITS systems. These are not explicitly
denominated in this Technical Specification.
5.2.1 Internal Enterprise Objects
C-ITS, as internal enterprise object (3.9), consists of a set of specific roles (3.20) that are identified and
described in the subsequent Clauses. The methodology that describes how these roles and responsibilities
originally were identified and verified can be found in Annex A.
6 Roles and responsibilities
6.1 Introduction
All roles (3.20) and the corresponding responsibilities (3.18) identified through use of the methodology
described in Annex A are described in the following subclauses.
6.1.1 Generic description of organizational architecture
In the generic view of the organizational architecture four major roles (3.20) were identified (Figure 3):
Figure 3 — Global description of Organisational Architecture
6.1.2 System operation
The role (3.20) “‘System operation” is responsible for the proper execution of the applications (3.3) that
provide an end-to-end ITS service(s) (3.23). This includes reliability for the coordination, organization
and execution of the whole process (3.14) from initial data collection to the presentation of the final
service result. One of the major interfaces of this role (3.20) is with the actor(s) (3.2) of the role (3.20)
“Using the service” who receive(s) the service result.
Relationships with other roles (3.20):
The role (3.20) “System operation” is connected with the role (3.20) “System management”. In this
relationship, denominated with the term “managed by” in Figure 3, the actor(s) (3.2) with the role
(3.20) “System management” provide supporting functionalities to the actor(s) (3.2) with the role
(3.20) “System operation”. This mainly includes functionalities enabling and facilitating the “System
management” behaviour (3.4) and responsibilities (3.18).
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The role (3.20) “‘System operation” is connected with the role (3.20) “Policy framework”. In this
relationship, denominated with the term “governed by” in Figure 3, the actor(s) (3.2) with the role
“Policy framework” provide policies and regulations as well as their enforcement to the actor(s) (3.2)
with the role (3.20) “System operation”.
The role (3.20) “System operation” is connected with the role (3.20) “Using the system”. In this
relationship, denominated with the term “used by” in Figure 3, the actor(s) (3.2) with the role (3.20)
“System operation” provide the achieved results to the actor(s) (3.20) with the role (3.20) “Using the
system”. The role (3.20) “Using the system” make(s) use of these results.
6.1.3 Using the system
The role (3.20) “Using the system” is responsible to perform an appropriate reaction to the service result
received from the actors (3.20) with role (3.20) “System operation”. The role (3.20) “Using the system”
might stimulate the role (3.20) “System operation” (trigger an ITS service (3.23)).
6.1.4 System management
The role (3.20) “System management” is responsible to fulfil all required management activities within
the system, this especially includes activities supporting “System operation”. Additional actions (3.1)
are the management of the “Policy framework” activities.
Relationship with other roles (3.20):
The role (3.20) “System management” is connected with the role (3.20) “Policy framework”, in this
relationship, denominated with the term “managed by” in Figure 3, the actor(s) (3.2) with role (3.20)
“System management” provide supporting functionalities to the actor(s) (3.2) with the role (3.20) “Policy
framework”. This mainly includes functionalities enabling and facilitating the “Policy Framework”
behaviour (3.4) and responsibilities (3.18). Additionally the actor(s) (3.2) with the role (3.20) “Policy
framework” provide(s) policies and regulations as well as their enforcement to the actor(s) (3.2) with
the role (3.20) “System management”. This is denominated with the term “governed by” in Figure 3.
6.1.5 Policy framework
The role (3.20) “Policy framework’ is responsible for all governing and institutional activities required
in the system.
Relationship with other Roles (3.20):
See above (“System operation”, “System management”). Relationships of role (3.20) “Policy Framework”
with role (3.20) “System Operation” and role (3.20) “System Management” have already been given in
subclauses 6.2.1 and 6.2.3.
The three main roles (3.20) “System operation”, “System management” and “Policy framework” are
detailed with sub-roles. Those are described in the following subclauses. The role (3.20) “Using the
service” is not further detailed, a more detailed description of its responsibilities is appended.
6.2 General responsibilities of actors involved in C-ITS
6.2.1 Registration and authorization
Prior to the use of the system each role (3.20) and, therefore each actor (3.2), shall be responsible to
participate in activities related to the request of access permission. This includes both registration and
authorization:
— Registration – defined as registration to the system itself, necessary prior to the first use of the
system (compare with sign-up):
— issue request for registration to the system,
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— receive certificates for registered ITS Stations.
— Authorization – defined as authorization prior to every system usage (comparable to sign-in):
— issue request for authorization,
— receive confirmation of authorization.
Details of the activities following the registration or authorization request and leading to the reception
of a permission or confirmation base on the standard registration and authorization mechanisms
defined in ISO 14817.
6.2.2 Privacy and Data Protection
The definition of C-ITS, as stated in ISO 17465, mentions two core characteristics of C-ITS: (a) The
distributed implementation of ITS services (3.23), which requires a huge number of data and information
exchanges between ITS Stations (3.12) to realize the respective end-to-end ITS service (3.23) and, (b)
The sharing of data and information between ITS Stations (3.12) for purposes other than the original
intent. Both properties lead to serious consequences on C-ITS regarding privacy and data protection.
ISO/TR 12859 provides a detailed description of privacy and data protection issues for C-ITS, as a whole.
Additionally, this important subject needs to be reflected in every single C-ITS standard including this
Technical Specification. It will be one of the major tasks of the actors (3.2) that claim one of the roles
(3.20) defined in this Technical Specification to respect the responsibilities (3.18) regarding privacy and
data protection.
Much of the data/information collected and processed in C-ITS can be associated with an individual.
This especially applies to any kind of data/information collected through a vehicle (floating car data)
including any ITS Station that is moving e.g. mobile device. Therefore this content is subject to strict
privacy and data protection Regulations and the roles (3.20) collecting or handling this content have to
respect the corresponding regulations.
Each role (3.20) and, therefore each actor (3.2), is responsible to respect both ISO/TR 12859 and national
regulations and laws on privacy and data protection when participating in C-ITS.
In general, this applies for the following actions (3.1):
— Collection of data/information (content): each actor (3.2) collecting data/information (including
the hand-over of data/information from other parties) handles this data/information with care and
respect the originators privacy based on the principles outlined in ISO/TR 12859;
— Processing of data/information (content): each actor (3.2) processing data/information handles
this data/information with care and complies with the principles outlined in ISO/TR 12859;
— Deletion of data/information (content) after usage: each actor (3.2) handling data/information
ensures the proper deletion
...