ISO/PAS 5474-6:2025

Electrically propelled road vehicles - Functional and safety requirements for power transfer between vehicle and external electric circuit - Part 6: Safety and interoperability requirements for heavy-duty vehicles in magnetic field wireless power transfer

This document defines the requirements and operation of the on-board vehicle equipment that enables magnetic field wireless power transfer (MF-WPT) for traction battery charging of electric vehicles. It specifies requirements for static (vehicle not in motion) and dynamic (vehicle in motion) applications. It is intended to be used for heavy duty vehicles. This does not exclude the application of systems in passenger cars or light commercial vehicles This document addresses the following aspects for an EV device: - safety requirements; - transferred power and power transfer efficiency; - ground clearance of the EV device; - functionality with associated off-board systems under various conditions and independent of manufacturer (interoperability); - test procedures. EV devices that fulfil the requirements in this document are intended to operate with supply devices that fulfil the MF-WPT related requirements in the IEC 61980 series. In this edition, multiple secondary devices (modular approach for higher power classes) are not covered. NOTE The dynamic application is shown in Annex C.

Véhicules routiers à propulsion électrique — Exigences fonctionnelles et exigences de sécurité pour le transfert de puissance entre le véhicule et le circuit électrique externe — Partie 6: Exigences de sécurité et d'interopérabilité pour les véhicules utilitaires lourds dans le cadre du transfert d'énergie sans fil par champ magnétique

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 27-Jan-2025
• ICS: 43.120 - Electric road vehicles
• Technical Committee: ISO/TC 22/SC 37 - Electrically propelled vehicles
• Drafting Committee: ISO/TC 22/SC 37 - Electrically propelled vehicles
• Current Stage: 6060 - International Standard published
• Start Date: 28-Jan-2025
• Due Date: 21-Feb-2025
• Completion Date: 28-Jan-2025

Overview

ISO/PAS 5474-6:2025 establishes functional, safety and interoperability requirements for on-board equipment that enables magnetic field wireless power transfer (MF‑WPT) for traction battery charging of electrically propelled road vehicles. Focused on heavy‑duty vehicles, the Publicly Available Specification covers both static (stationary) and dynamic (in‑motion) charging applications, and defines requirements for EV on‑board devices (secondary devices and EV power circuits) to operate with off‑board supply devices compliant with the IEC 61980 series.

Key topics and technical requirements

• Safety requirements: protection against unintended power transfer, electric shock, thermal incidents, overheating, and electromagnetic exposure; measures to protect persons and critical medical devices (CIEDs).
• Power transfer performance: requirements for rated output power, transferred power and power transfer efficiency, output voltage behavior (ripple and overshoot), and frequency constraints.
• Mechanical and installation constraints: minimum secondary device ground clearance, alignment and alignment tolerance areas, and environmental condition requirements suitable for heavy‑duty vehicles.
• Interoperability and functionality: standardized communication and activity protocols to ensure EV devices operate with different off‑board systems independent of manufacturer.
• EMC and communications: electromagnetic compatibility requirements and MF‑WPT communication procedures to coordinate charging events and protect surrounding electronics.
• Testing and conformity: defined test procedures, test setups, and reference supply power circuits (SPC) and EV power circuits (EVPC) for validating performance and safety.
• Documentation and marking: owner’s manual and marking requirements for safe operation and maintenance.

Note: This edition does not cover modular multiple‑secondary‑device arrangements for higher power classes; dynamic charging examples are provided in Annex C.

Applications and users

ISO/PAS 5474-6:2025 is directly applicable to:

• Manufacturers of heavy‑duty electric vehicles (buses, trucks) integrating MF‑WPT secondary devices and EV power electronics.
• Suppliers of wireless charging on‑board components and system integrators working on static and dynamic charging solutions.
• Infrastructure developers and public charging operators deploying MF‑WPT primary devices and supply power circuits.
• Test laboratories and certification bodies performing safety, EMC and interoperability testing.
• Fleet operators and OEMs aiming to deploy wireless charging for traction battery charging to improve uptime and operational flexibility.

Related standards

• ISO 5474‑1 (conductive power transfer requirements)
• IEC 61980 series (WPT system requirements) - primary reference for off‑board supply devices
• ICNIRP 2010 (magnetic field exposure guidelines)
• ISO 6469‑3, ISO 20653, IEC 60664 (electrical safety, environmental protection, insulation coordination)

Keywords: ISO/PAS 5474-6:2025, MF‑WPT, magnetic field wireless power transfer, heavy‑duty vehicles, wireless charging, EV device, interoperability, IEC 61980, dynamic wireless charging.

Standards Content (Sample)

Publicly
Available
Specification
ISO/PAS 5474-6
First edition
Electrically propelled road
2025-01
vehicles — Functional and safety
requirements for power transfer
between vehicle and external
electric circuit —
Part 6:
Safety and interoperability
requirements for heavy-duty
vehicles in magnetic field wireless
power transfer
Véhicules routiers à propulsion électrique — Exigences
fonctionnelles et exigences de sécurité pour le transfert de
puissance entre le véhicule et le circuit électrique externe —
Partie 6: Exigences de sécurité et d'interopérabilité pour les
véhicules utilitaires lourds dans le cadre du transfert d'énergie
sans fil par champ magnétique
Reference number
© ISO 2025
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on
the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below
or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: [phone]
Email: [e-mail]
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 2
4 System structure . 4
5 Requirements regarding environmental conditions . 4
6 Classification . 5
7 MF-WPT power transfer requirements . 5
7.1 General .5
7.2 Frequency .5
7.3 Requirements for output power.6
7.4 Requirements for power transfer efficiency.6
7.5 Requirements for output voltage .6
7.5.1 Performance requirements at different output voltage levels .6
7.5.2 Voltage ripple and voltage overshoot .6
7.6 MF-WPT power transfer test procedure .6
7.6.1 General .6
7.6.2 Test setup .6
7.6.3 Test procedure.10
8 Requirements for communication and MF-WPT activities .13
9 EMC requirements .13
10 Safety requirements.13
10.1 Protection in case of unintended power transfer . 13
10.2 Protection against electric shock . 13
10.2.1 General . 13
10.2.2 Insulation coordination.14
10.3 Protection against thermal incidents .14
10.3.1 General .14
10.3.2 Overload protection and short-circuit protection .14
10.4 Protection of persons against electromagnetic effects .14
10.4.1 General .14
10.4.2 Protection areas .14
10.4.3 Requirements for protection of persons against exposure to hazardous
electromagnetic fields . 15
10.4.4 Requirements to protect the functionality of CIEDs . 15
10.5 Protection against overheating .16
11 Owner’s manual and marking . 16
11.1 Owner's manual .16
11.2 Marking .16
Annex A (informative) Multi-phase coil reference SPC for MF-WPT 4/5 . 17
Annex B (informative) DD reference SPCs for MF-WPT4/5 (static/dynamic) .22
Annex C (informative) Dynamic wireless power transfer for heavy-duty vehicles .27
Bibliography .31

iii
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through
ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee
has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations,
governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely
with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described
in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the different types
of ISO document should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the
ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
ISO draws attention to the possibility that the implementation of this document may involve the use of (a)
patent(s). ISO takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of any claimed patent
rights in respect thereof. As of the date of publication of this document, ISO had not received notice of (a)
patent(s) which may be required to implement this document. However, implementers are cautioned that
this may not represent the latest information, which may be obtained from the patent database available at
www.iso.org/patents. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions
related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the World Trade
Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 22, Road vehicles, SC 37, Electrically propelled
vehicles.
A list of all parts in the ISO 5474 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.

iv
Introduction
This document specifies requirements for on-board components of a wireless power transfer systems in
heavy-duty vehicles. It gives guidance in terms of safety and performance and additionally addresses
interoperability to off-board components from different manufacturers to, for example, support the
development of public wireless charging infrastructure. Even if the technology itself is well known, the
implementation in a vehicle is new and demands to meet the very specific requirements of the automotive
industry. This document is based on limited experience with series development and production. Current
and future product developments will continuously prove (and disprove) the applicability of this document
to further improve the contents, especially regarding the interoperability between systems from different
manufacturers.
The systems specified in this document are intended to work with off-board systems that are compliant
with the requirements of the relevant portions of the IEC 61980 series. Some of those relevant documents
are currently in development.
v
Publicly Available Specification ISO/PAS 5474-6:2025(en)
Electrically propelled road vehicles — Functional and safety
requirements for power transfer between vehicle and
external electric circuit —
Part 6:
Safety and interoperability requirements for heavy-duty
vehicles in magnetic field wireless power transfer
1 Scope
This document defines the requirements and operation of the on-board vehicle equipment that enables
magnetic field wireless power transfer (MF-WPT) for traction battery charging of electric vehicles. It
specifies requirements for static (vehicle not in motion) and dynamic (vehicle in motion) applications. It is
intended to be used for heavy duty vehicles. This does not exclude the application of systems in passenger
cars or light commercial vehicles
This document addresses the following aspects for an EV device:
— safety requirements;
— transferred power and power transfer efficiency;
— ground clearance of the EV device;
— functionality with associated off-board systems under various conditions and independent of
manufacturer (interoperability);
— test procedures.
EV devices that fulfil the requirements in this document are intended to operate with supply devices that
fulfil the MF-WPT related requirements in the IEC 61980 series.
In this edition, multiple secondary devices (modular approach for higher power classes) are not covered.
NOTE The dynamic application is shown in Annex C.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes
requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 5474-1, Electrically propelled road vehicles — Functional and safety requirements for power transfer
between vehicle and external electric circuit — Part 1: General requirements for conductive power transfer
ISO 6469-3:2021, Electrically propelled road vehicles — Safety specifications — Part 3: Electrical safety
ISO 20653, Road vehicles — Degrees of protection (IP code) — Protection of electrical equipment against foreign
objects, water and access
IEC 60664 (all parts), Insulation coordination for equipment within low-voltage systems
IEC 61980-1:2020, Electric vehicle wireless power transfer (WPT) Systems — Part 1: General requirements

IEC 61980-2, Electric vehicle wireless power transfer (WPT) Systems — Part 2: Specific requirements for MF-
WPT system communication and activities
ICNIRP 2010, Guidelines for limiting exposure to time-varying electric and magnetic fields (1 Hz – 100 kHz)
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 5474-1 and the following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www. iso. org/o bp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https:// www.e lectropedia. org/
3.1
alignment
relative position in x- and y-direction of the secondary device (3.16) to the primary device (3.10) for a given
secondary device ground clearance (3.17)
3.2
alignment tolerance area
intended wireless power transfer (WPT) (3.23) operating area in x- and y-direction for a given secondary
device ground clearance (3.17)
3.3
embedded mounting
mounting of a primary device (3.10) in such a manner that the top covering of the primary device is buried
(embedded) under the pavement
3.4
centre alignment point
geometrical centre of the alignment tolerance area (3.2)
3.5
electrically propelled vehicle
EV
vehicle with one or more electric drive(s) for vehicle propulsion
3.6
EV device
on-board component assembly of wireless power transfer (WPT) system (3.24)
3.7
EV power circuit
EVPC
on-board component assembly, comprising the secondary device (3.16) and EV power electronics (3.8), as well
as the electrical and mechanical connections
3.8
EV power electronics
on-board component that converts the power and frequency from the secondary device (3.16) to the DC
power output of the EV power circuit (EVPC) (3.7)
3.9
magnetic field WPT system
MF-WPT system
system using wireless transfer of energy from a power source to an electrical load via a magnetic field

3.10
primary device
off-board component that generates and shapes the magnetic field for wireless power transfer (WPT) (3.23)
3.11
protection area
volume in and around the vehicle that has uniform requirements with regard to effects of exposure to
electromagnetic fields
3.12
rated output power
maximum power the EV power circuit (EVPC) (3.7) is designed to deliver consistently during a charging cycle
3.13
rechargeable energy storage system
RESS
rechargeable system that stores energy for delivery of electric energy for the electric drive
3.14
reference EVPC
EV power circuit (EVPC) (3.7) that serves for testing purposes
3.15
reference supply power circuit
reference SPC
supply power circuit that serves for testing purposes
3.16
secondary device
on-board component that captures the magnetic field
3.17
secondary device ground clearance
vertical distance between the ground surface and the lowest point of the secondary device (3.16) including
the housing
3.18
steady state
state of a system at which all state and output variables remain constant in time while all input variables are
constant
3.19
supply device
off-board component assembly of wireless power transfer (WPT) system (3.24)
3.20
supply power circuit
SPC
off-board component assembly, comprising the primary device (3.10) and supply power electronics (3.21), as
well as the electrical and mechanical connections
3.21
supply power electronics
off-board component that converts the power and frequency from the supply network to the power and
frequency needed by the primary device (3.10)
3.22
voltage class B
classification of an electric component or circuit with a maximum working voltage of (>30 and ≤1 000) V a.c.
(rms) or (>60 and ≤1 500) V d.c., respectively

3.23
wireless power transfer
WPT
transfer of electrical energy from a power source to an electrical load without galvanic connection
3.24
WPT system
system comprising all necessary components for wireless power transfer (WPT) (3.23) and control
4 System structure
The MF-WPT system is structured into functional entities. Figure 1 shows this structure of functional
entities in an exemplary static wireless power transfer system.
Key
1 MF-WPT system
11 primary device 21 secondary device
12 supply power electronics 22 EV power electronics
13 supply power circuit 23 EV power circuit
14 supply equipment communication controller (SECC) 24 EV communication controller (EVCC)
15 supply device P2PS controller 25 EV device P2PS controller
16 supply device 26 EV device
100 supply network 200 RESS
a
Wireless power flow.
b
Wireless P2PS interface.
c
Wireless communication interface.
Figure 1 — Example of system structure for static wireless power transfer
5 Requirements regarding environmental conditions
The requirements given in this document shall be met across the range of environmental conditions as
specified by the vehicle manufacturer.
The environmental requirements applicable to a component depend on its mounting position. The component
shall withstand and retain its degree of protection under the typical loads and stresses it is subjected to in
its intended mounting position.

Components of the EV device installed at the underbody of the EV shall have IP degree IP6K7 and IP6K9K
according to ISO 20653.
NOTE See ISO 16750 series, ISO 21498 series and ISO 19453 series for guidance.
6 Classification
This document specifies requirements that address the following aspects of MF-WPT systems:
— system safety,
— system performance, and
— interoperability.
Requirements regarding system safety and system performance are relevant and applicable to any MF-WPT
system (including dedicated single-supplier solutions).
The interoperability requirements supplement the safety and performance requirements in order to allow
for interoperability of a supply device and an EV device provided by independent suppliers. Cross-supplier
interoperability is tested with the reference SPCs (under consideration) as specified in this document.
Two compatibility classes have been specified to accommodate these design considerations:
— Compatibility class A: EV devices of this class are intended for interoperable application and are required
to meet a set of safety and performance requirements.
— Compatibility class B: EV devices of this class are not intended for interoperable application but still are
required to meet the set of safety requirements. Performance requirements may be different than those
of compatibility class A. EV devices of this class are tested with supplier-specified supply power circuits.
7 MF-WPT power transfer requirements
7.1 General
The supplier shall specify the rated conditions of an EVPC according to Table 1.
Table 1 — EVPC rated conditions
Specifications of EVPC Compatibility class A Compatibility class B
Operation within (79 – 90) kHz, (19-
Frequency range Operation within (79 – 90) kHz
21) kHz (TBD)
Secondary device ground
EVPC specific within 100 mm – 250 mm EVPC specific
clearance
Centre alignment point(s) EVPC specific
x-direc-
±100 mm EVPC specific
tion
Alignment
tolerance area
y-direc-
±100 mm EVPC specific
tion
EVPC specific within voltage classes A and B according
Output voltage range
to ISO 6469-3.
EVPC specific up to 22 kW (MF-WPT4)
Rated output power EVPC specific
EVPC specific up to 50 kW (MF-WPT5)
7.2 Frequency
MF-WPT for EVs with compatibility class A is allowed to operate in the frequency range of (79 - 90) kHz. The
operating frequency during power transfer is set by the supply device based on negotiations with the EV device.

7.3 Requirements for output power
An EVPC shall be able to deliver power up to its rated output power when operated with a supply power
circuit.
An EVPC shall support the maximum ramp up rate of the supply power circuit. The maximum ramp up rate
1)
of supply circuits for EVPCs is specified in IEC 61980-4 .
7.4 Requirements for power transfer efficiency
Power transfer efficiency is the ratio of the output power of the EVPC (output of block #23 in Figure 1)
divided by the input power of the supply power circuit (input to block #13 in Figure 1).
An EVPC shall support the minimum power transfer efficiency according to Table 2 when operated at rated
output power with a supply power circuit.
An EVPC should support the minimum power transfer efficiency according to Table 2 when operated at
power levels below the rated output power. Typical local supply network connections should be considered.
Table 2 — Minimum power transfer efficiency for static WPT
Alignment Minimum power transfer efficiency
Centre alignment point 85 %
Within alignment tolerance area 80 %
7.5 Requirements for output voltage
7.5.1 Performance requirements at different output voltage levels
An EVPC shall meet the requirements of 7.3 and 7.4 throughout its specific voltage range when operated
with a supply power circuit.
7.5.2 Voltage ripple and voltage overshoot
The DC output voltage overshoot, the peak voltage and the voltage ripple amplitude of an EVPC shall be
agreed between the vehicle manufacturer and supplier, taking into account the implication on the RESS and
other on-board components.
NOTE Reference SPCs (supply power circuits) are shown in Annex A and Annex B.
7.6 MF-WPT power transfer test procedure
7.6.1 General
This subclause describes the test setup and procedure to be applied for conformance testing of the
requirements.
7.6.2 Test setup
7.6.2.1 Apparatus
7.6.2.1.1 General
MF-WPT is influenced by the materials in the close surroundings, especially by the material structure of
the EV. Reliable testing results can only be achieved when influencing materials of the EV are adequately
1) Under preparation. Stage at the time of publication: IEC/CD 61980-4:2025.

represented in the test setup. This can either be accomplished by testing at a vehicle level or by including
relevant parts of the vehicle when testing is done at component level.
7.6.2.1.2 Vehicle level testing
Figures 2 and 3 exhibit an exemplary test setup for vehicle level testing.
Key
1 connection to supply network
2 embedded supply power circuit at installed at the proper depth
3 EVPC under test
4 RESS or representative simulated load
5 ground
Figure 2 — Exemplary test setup for vehicle level testing (embedded mounting)

Key
1 connection to supply network
2 supply power circuit
3 EVPC under test
4 RESS or representative simulated load
5 ground
Figure 3 — Exemplary test setup for vehicle level testing (surface mounting)
The EVPC shall be fixed to the EV at its intended mounting position.
NOTE This includes the positions of all components of the EVPC, in case they are not within one housing.
The load shall either be a RESS or a representative simulated DC load.
The supply power circuits to be used for testing the EVPC are described in 7.6.2.2.
The alignment shall be changeable in x-, y-, and z-direction to enable measurements at the alignment points
according to Table 3. Alignment adjustment may be realised by either moving the EV, moving the supply
power circuit or moving both.
The components of the test bench and the ground shall not significantly influence the MF-WPT. The entire
test setup may also be lifted to a height that avoids potential influences of the ground.
7.6.2.1.3 Component level testing
As an alternative for vehicle level, the testing may also be done on component level. Figure 4 and Figure 5
exhibit the components required for MF-WPT testing in an exemplary test setup for component level testing.

Key
1 connection to supply network
2 supply power circuit
3 EVPC under test
4 load
5 ground
6 vehicle mimic
Figure 4 — Exemplary test setup for component level testing (embedded mounting)
Key
1 connection to supply network
2 supply power circuit
3 EVPC under test
4 load
5 ground
6 vehicle mimic
Figure 5 — Exemplary test setup for component level testing (surface mounting)
Compared to vehicle level testing, a vehicle mimic shall be used instead of an EV
...