ISO 12647-4:2005

Graphic technology — Process control for the production of half-tone colour separations, proofs and production prints — Part 4: Publication gravure printing

ISO 12647-4:2005 specifies a number of process parameters and their values to be applied to four-colour publication gravure printing. The parameters and values are chosen in view of the complete process covering the process stages colour separation, making of the printing forme, proof production and production printing. ISO 12647-4:2005 is applicable: directly, to publication gravure printing, including magazines, catalogues and commercial materials; directly, to halftone and continuous tone proofing processes that predict the colorimetric results of gravure printing; by analogy, to process-colour gravure package printing.

Technologie graphique — Contrôle des processus de confection de sélections couleurs tramées, d'épreuves et de tirages — Partie 4: Processus de gravure

Grafična tehnologija - Vodenje procesa izdelave rastriranih barvnih izvlečkov, preskusnih in proizvodnih odtisov - 4. del: Publikacijski globoki tisk

General Information

• Status: Withdrawn
• Publication Date: 07-Nov-2005
• Withdrawal Date: 07-Nov-2005
• ICS: 37.100.01 - Graphic technology in general
• Technical Committee: ISO/TC 130 - Graphic technology
• Drafting Committee: ISO/TC 130/WG 3 - Process control and related metrology
• Current Stage: 9599 - Withdrawal of International Standard
• Completion Date: 07-Jul-2014
• Ref Project: SIST ISO 12647-4:2008 - Graphic technology - Process control for the production of half-tone colour separations, proofs and production prints - Part 4: Publication gravure printing

Relations

• Revised: ISO 12647-4:2014 - Graphic technology — Process control for the production of half-tone colour separations, proof and production prints — Part 4: Publication gravure printing
• Effective Date: 17-Oct-2009

Standards Content (Sample)

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 12647-4
First edition
2005-11-01


Graphic technology — Process control
for the production of half-tone colour
separations, proofs and production
prints —
Part 4:
Publication gravure printing
Technologie graphique — Contrôle des processus de confection de
sélections couleurs tramées, d'épreuves et de tirages —
Partie 4: Processus de gravure




Reference number
ISO 12647-4:2005(E)
©
ISO 2005

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
ISO 12647-4:2005(E)
PDF disclaimer
This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobe's licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but
shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing the editing. In
downloading this file, parties accept therein the responsibility of not infringing Adobe's licensing policy. The ISO Central Secretariat
accepts no liability in this area.
Adobe is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated.
Details of the software products used to create this PDF file can be found in the General Info relative to the file; the PDF-creation
parameters were optimized for printing. Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In
the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below.


©  ISO 2005
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means,
electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or
ISO's member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Geneva 20
Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11
Fax + 41 22 749 09 47
E-mail [e-mail]
Web www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland

ii © ISO 2005 – All rights reserved

---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
ISO 12647-4:2005(E)
Contents Page
Foreword. iv
Introduction . v
1 Scope .1
2 Normative references .1
3 Terms and definitions .2
4 Requirements.2
4.1 General.2
4.2 Data file and printing forme .3
4.3 Proof or production print .4
5 Reporting of printing conditions.6
Annex A (normative) Gamut types .8
Bibliography .13

© ISO 2005 – All rights reserved iii

---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
ISO 12647-4:2005(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 12647-4 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 130, Graphic technology.
ISO 12647 consists of the following parts, under the general title Graphic technology — Process control for
the production of half-tone colour separations, proofs and production prints:
⎯ Part 1: Parameters and measurement methods
⎯ Part 2: Offset lithographic processes
⎯ Part 3: Coldset offset lithography on newsprint
⎯ Part 4: Publication gravure printing
⎯ Part 5: Screen printing
⎯ Part 6: Flexographic printing
⎯ Part 7: Off-press proofing process working directly from digital data
iv © ISO 2005 – All rights reserved

---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
ISO 12647-4:2005(E)
Introduction
The purposes of ISO 12647-1 are
• to list and explain the minimum set of primary process parameters required to uniquely define the
visual characteristics and related technical properties of a half-tone proof or production print produced
from digital data directly or via a set of half-tone separation films;
• to give the definitions for the general terms necessary for process control;
• to describe the measurement methods and the requirements for reporting the results.
This part of ISO 12647 lists values or sets of values of the primary parameters specified in ISO 12647-1 and
related technical properties of a gravure publication print. Where deemed useful, secondary parameters are
also specified.
The purpose of a proof print is to simulate the visual characteristics of the finished print product as closely as
possible. In order to visually match a particular print, off-press proofing processes may require values for solid
tone coloration and tone value increase which are different from those of the printing process they are meant
to simulate. This is caused by differences in phenomena such as gloss, light scatter (within the print substrate
or the colorant), metamerism and transparency. Such differences are likely for those off-press proofing
processes in which the print substrate, the colorants and the technology for applying them are significantly
different from gravure press printing. In such cases the user or the supplier should ensure that appropriate
corrections are specified. Another problem area is the matching of a digital off-press proof to a double-sided
print on a less-than-opaque, lightweight printing paper as used in publication gravure printing. If it is deemed
necessary, for image quality reasons, to proof with colour management profiles based on measurements with
substrate backing rather than black backing, there will be an unavoidable difference between proof and
production prints. This fact needs to be communicated to all parties concerned.
© ISO 2005 – All rights reserved v

---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 12647-4:2005(E)

Graphic technology — Process control for the production of
half-tone colour separations, proofs and production prints —
Part 4:
Publication gravure printing
1 Scope
This part of ISO 12647 specifies a number of process parameters and their values to be applied to four-colour
publication gravure printing. The parameters and values are chosen in view of the complete process covering
the process stages “colour separation”, “making of the printing forme”, “proof production” and “production
printing”.
This part of ISO 12647 is applicable
⎯ directly, to publication gravure printing, including magazines, catalogues and commercial materials;
⎯ directly, to halftone and continuous tone proofing processes that predict the colorimetric results of gravure
printing;
⎯ by analogy, to process-colour gravure package printing.
It is not applicable to the specifics of the transformations necessary to relate digital input data to the data used
to create the cylinder engraving data and/or the proofing process.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the reference document
(including any amendments) applies.
ISO 8254-1:1999, Paper and board — Measurement of specular gloss — Part 1: 75 degree gloss with a
converging beam, TAPPI method
ISO 12639:2004, Graphic technology — Prepress digital data exchange — Tag image file format for image
technology (TIFF/IT)
ISO 12642-1, Graphic technology — Input data for characterization of 4-colour process printing — Part 1:
Initial data set
ISO 12647-1:2004, Graphic technology — Process control for the production of half-tone colour separations,
proof and production prints — Part 1: Parameters and measurement methods
ISO 15930-4:2003, Graphic technology — Prepress digital data exchange using PDF — Part 4: Complete
exchange of CMYK and spot colour printing data using PDF 1.4 (PDF/X-1a)
ISO 15930-5:2003, Graphic technology — Prepress digital data exchange using PDF — Part 5: Partial
exchange of printing data using PDF 1.4 (PDF/X-2)
© ISO 2005 – All rights reserved 1

---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
ISO 12647-4:2005(E)
ISO 15930-6:2003, Graphic technology — Prepress digital data exchange using PDF — Part 6: Complete
exchange of printing data suitable for colour-managed workflows using PDF 1.4 (PDF/X-3)
Specification ICC:1, File format for Color profIles (Version 4.1.0), International Color Consortium, 1899
Preston White Drive, Reston, VA 20191, USA
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the definitions given in ISO 12647-1 and the following apply.
3.1
improved newsprint
paper with, compared to ordinary newsprint, a higher smoothness, a higher brightness and a filler content up
to 20 %
3.2
engraving pitch
P
reciprocal of average cell spacing on a gravure cylinder, evaluated from the following formula:
1
P=
ab×
where
a is the distance between the same points on two adjacent cells in the printing direction;
b is the distance between adjacent circumferencial tracks of the engraving stylus.
3.3
process colour solid
printed area that corresponds to the maximum cell volume identified for the combination of gravure engraving
parameters
4 Requirements
4.1 General
Subclauses 4.2 and 4.3 are based on the assumption that input for gravure printing comprises digital data that
defines the data tone values (equivalent to the film tone values in a traditional offset process). These data,
wherever practical, represent the characteristics associated with the relationship between the digital data
provided and the printed image. The specifics of the transformations necessary to relate these data to the
data used to create the cylinder engraving data and/or the proofing process are the responsibility of the
organization involved and are not specified in this part of ISO 12647.
The four substrate categories of gravure printing, identified by the paper principally used, defined for this part
of ISO 12647, are as follows:
2
⎯ substrate category S1 (coated paper of 70 g/m or greater);
⎯ substrate category S2 (lightweight coated paper);
⎯ substrate category S3 (super-calendered paper);
⎯ substrate category S4 (improved or enhanced newsprint).
2 © ISO 2005 – All rights reserved

---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------
ISO 12647-4:2005(E)
While these substrate categories of gravure printing are identified in terms of the paper principally used, they
may be used on any stock for which the printer is capable of achieving the colours specified in Tables A.1 or
A.2, see also Figures A.1 and A.2, and thus the associated colour gamut.
Where appropriate, the applicable clauses of ISO 12647-1 are referenced for the definition of the data and
measurement conditions.
Subclauses 4.2 and 4.3 are arranged according to the order set out in ISO 12647-1; they also depend on it for
the general principles, the definition of the data, the measurement conditions and the reporting style.
4.2 Data file and printing forme
4.2.1 Digital Data
Digital data files supplied for printing shall conform to latest edition of ISO 15930, parts 4, 5 and 6 or to
ISO 12639.
Supplied data files conforming to ISO 12639 shall also include an identification of the intended printing
condition. Where the intended printing condition is a printing condition included in the registry of
characterizations maintained by the ICC, as described in ICC.1, the name used in the ICC registry may be
used as the identification. If the intended printing condition is not included in the ICC registry, characterization
data specified using the target defined in ISO 12642, or an ICC output profile derived from it, shall be included.
An ICC output profile derived from the appropriate characterization data should also be included in all cases.
In any situations where the rendering of the data, when printed, is intended to be other than colorimetric (as
specified in ICC.1) an ICC output profile derived from the appropriate characterization data shall be included.
−1
All continuous tone raster data shall be at a resolution that equals or exceeds 120 cm . If line work raster
data are provided, they shall be at a resolution of three to six times that of the continuous tone data. If text is
provided as CT data it should be anti-aliased.
A proof print may accompany digital data and where provided it shall conform to the indicated printing
condition.
4.2.2 Separation films
Where data are exchanged using half-tone separation films, they shall be accompanied by a proof print that
simulates the intended printing condition and that conforms to 4.3. This fact shall be verifiable by measuring
well-specified control patches that are printed on the proof print along with the subject.
Where the proof has been prepared directly from the separations the following control patches shall be
included as a minimum:
a) solid primary and secondary colours (including black)
...

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST ISO 12647-4:2008
01-januar-2008
*UDILþQDWHKQRORJLMD9RGHQMHSURFHVDL]GHODYHUDVWULUDQLKEDUYQLKL]YOHþNRY
SUHVNXVQLKLQSURL]YRGQLKRGWLVRYGHO3XEOLNDFLMVNLJORERNLWLVN
Graphic technology - Process control for the production of half-tone colour separations,
proofs and production prints - Part 4: Publication gravure printing
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:
ICS:
37.100.01 *UDILþQDWHKQRORJLMDQD Graphic technology in
VSORãQR general
SIST ISO 12647-4:2008 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 12647-4
First edition
2005-11-01


Graphic technology — Process control
for the production of half-tone colour
separations, proofs and production
prints —
Part 4:
Publication gravure printing
Technologie graphique — Contrôle des processus de confection de
sélections couleurs tramées, d'épreuves et de tirages —
Partie 4: Processus de gravure




Reference number
ISO 12647-4:2005(E)
©
ISO 2005

---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------

ISO 12647-4:2005(E)
PDF disclaimer
This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobe's licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but
shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing the editing. In
downloading this file, parties accept therein the responsibility of not infringing Adobe's licensing policy. The ISO Central Secretariat
accepts no liability in this area.
Adobe is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated.
Details of the software products used to create this PDF file can be found in the General Info relative to the file; the PDF-creation
parameters were optimized for printing. Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In
the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below.


©  ISO 2005
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means,
electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or
ISO's member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Geneva 20
Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11
Fax + 41 22 749 09 47
E-mail [e-mail]
Web www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland

ii © ISO 2005 – All rights reserved

---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------

ISO 12647-4:2005(E)
Contents Page
Foreword. iv
Introduction . v
1 Scope .1
2 Normative references .1
3 Terms and definitions .2
4 Requirements.2
4.1 General.2
4.2 Data file and printing forme .3
4.3 Proof or production print .4
5 Reporting of printing conditions.6
Annex A (normative) Gamut types .8
Bibliography .13

© ISO 2005 – All rights reserved iii

---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------

ISO 12647-4:2005(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 12647-4 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 130, Graphic technology.
ISO 12647 consists of the following parts, under the general title Graphic technology — Process control for
the production of half-tone colour separations, proofs and production prints:
⎯ Part 1: Parameters and measurement methods
⎯ Part 2: Offset lithographic processes
⎯ Part 3: Coldset offset lithography on newsprint
⎯ Part 4: Publication gravure printing
⎯ Part 5: Screen printing
⎯ Part 6: Flexographic printing
⎯ Part 7: Off-press proofing process working directly from digital data
iv © ISO 2005 – All rights reserved

---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------

ISO 12647-4:2005(E)
Introduction
The purposes of ISO 12647-1 are
• to list and explain the minimum set of primary process parameters required to uniquely define the
visual characteristics and related technical properties of a half-tone proof or production print produced
from digital data directly or via a set of half-tone separation films;
• to give the definitions for the general terms necessary for process control;
• to describe the measurement methods and the requirements for reporting the results.
This part of ISO 12647 lists values or sets of values of the primary parameters specified in ISO 12647-1 and
related technical properties of a gravure publication print. Where deemed useful, secondary parameters are
also specified.
The purpose of a proof print is to simulate the visual characteristics of the finished print product as closely as
possible. In order to visually match a particular print, off-press proofing processes may require values for solid
tone coloration and tone value increase which are different from those of the printing process they are meant
to simulate. This is caused by differences in phenomena such as gloss, light scatter (within the print substrate
or the colorant), metamerism and transparency. Such differences are likely for those off-press proofing
processes in which the print substrate, the colorants and the technology for applying them are significantly
different from gravure press printing. In such cases the user or the supplier should ensure that appropriate
corrections are specified. Another problem area is the matching of a digital off-press proof to a double-sided
print on a less-than-opaque, lightweight printing paper as used in publication gravure printing. If it is deemed
necessary, for image quality reasons, to proof with colour management profiles based on measurements with
substrate backing rather than black backing, there will be an unavoidable difference between proof and
production prints. This fact needs to be communicated to all parties concerned.
© ISO 2005 – All rights reserved v

---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------

INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 12647-4:2005(E)

Graphic technology — Process control for the production of
half-tone colour separations, proofs and production prints —
Part 4:
Publication gravure printing
1 Scope
This part of ISO 12647 specifies a number of process parameters and their values to be applied to four-colour
publication gravure printing. The parameters and values are chosen in view of the complete process covering
the process stages “colour separation”, “making of the printing forme”, “proof production” and “production
printing”.
This part of ISO 12647 is applicable
⎯ directly, to publication gravure printing, including magazines, catalogues and commercial materials;
⎯ directly, to halftone and continuous tone proofing processes that predict the colorimetric results of gravure
printing;
⎯ by analogy, to process-colour gravure package printing.
It is not applicable to the specifics of the transformations necessary to relate digital input data to the data used
to create the cylinder engraving data and/or the proofing process.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the reference document
(including any amendments) applies.
ISO 8254-1:1999, Paper and board — Measurement of specular gloss — Part 1: 75 degree gloss with a
converging beam, TAPPI method
ISO 12639:2004, Graphic technology — Prepress digital data exchange — Tag image file format for image
technology (TIFF/IT)
ISO 12642-1, Graphic technology — Input data for characterization of 4-colour process printing — Part 1:
Initial data set
ISO 12647-1:2004, Graphic technology — Process control for the production of half-tone colour separations,
proof and production prints — Part 1: Parameters and measurement methods
ISO 15930-4:2003, Graphic technology — Prepress digital data exchange using PDF — Part 4: Complete
exchange of CMYK and spot colour printing data using PDF 1.4 (PDF/X-1a)
ISO 15930-5:2003, Graphic technology — Prepress digital data exchange using PDF — Part 5: Partial
exchange of printing data using PDF 1.4 (PDF/X-2)
© ISO 2005 – All rights reserved 1

---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------

ISO 12647-4:2005(E)
ISO 15930-6:2003, Graphic technology — Prepress digital data exchange using PDF — Part 6: Complete
exchange of printing data suitable for colour-managed workflows using PDF 1.4 (PDF/X-3)
Specification ICC:1, File format for Color profIles (Version 4.1.0), International Color Consortium, 1899
Preston White Drive, Reston, VA 20191, USA
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the definitions given in ISO 12647-1 and the following apply.
3.1
improved newsprint
paper with, compared to ordinary newsprint, a higher smoothness, a higher brightness and a filler content up
to 20 %
3.2
engraving pitch
P
reciprocal of average cell spacing on a gravure cylinder, evaluated from the following formula:
1
P=
ab×
where
a is the distance between the same points on two adjacent cells in the printing direction;
b is the distance between adjacent circumferencial tracks of the engraving stylus.
3.3
process colour solid
printed area that corresponds to the maximum cell volume identified for the combination of gravure engraving
parameters
4 Requirements
4.1 General
Subclauses 4.2 and 4.3 are based on the assumption that input for gravure printing comprises digital data that
defines the data tone values (equivalent to the film tone values in a traditional offset process). These data,
wherever practical, represent the characteristics associated with the relationship between the digital data
provided and the printed image. The specifics of the transformations necessary to relate these data to the
data used to create the cylinder engraving data and/or the proofing process are the responsibility of the
organization involved and are not specified in this part of ISO 12647.
The four substrate categories of gravure printing, identified by the paper principally used, defined for this part
of ISO 12647, are as follows:
2
⎯ substrate category S1 (coated paper of 70 g/m or greater);
⎯ substrate category S2 (lightweight coated paper);
⎯ substrate category S3 (super-calendered paper);
⎯ substrate category S4 (improved or enhanced newsprint).
2 © ISO 2005 – All rights reserved

---------------------- Page: 8 ----------------------

ISO 12647-4:2005(E)
While these substrate categories of gravure printing are identified in terms of the paper principally used, they
may be used on any stock for which the printer is capable of achieving the colours specified in Tables A.1 or
A.2, see also Figures A.1 and A.2, and thus the associated colour gamut.
Where appropriate, the applicable clauses of ISO 12647-1 are referenced for the definition of the data and
measurement conditions.
Subclauses 4.2 and 4.3 are arranged according to the order set out in ISO 12647-1; they also depend on it for
the general principles, the definition of the data, the measurement conditions and the reporting style.
4.2 Data file and printing forme
4.2.1 Digital Data
Digital data files supplied for printing shall conform to latest edition of ISO 15930, parts 4, 5 and 6 or to
ISO 12639.
Supplied data files conforming to ISO 12639 shall also include an identification of the intended printing
condition. Where the intended printing condition is a printing condition included in the registry of
characterizations maintained by the ICC, as described in ICC.1, the name used in the ICC registry may be
used as the identification. If the intended printing condition is not included in the ICC registry, characterization
data specified using the target defined in ISO 12642, or an ICC output profile derived from it, shall be included.
An ICC output profile derived from the appropriate characterization data should also be included in all cases.
In any situations where the rendering of the data, when printed, is intended to be other than colorimetric (as
specified in ICC.1) an ICC output profile derived from the appropriate characterization data shall be included.
−1
All continuous tone raster data shall be at a resolution that equals or exceeds 120 cm . If line work raster
data are provided, they shall be at a resolution of three to six times that of the continuous tone data. If text is
provided as CT data it should be anti-aliased.
A proof print may accompany digital data and where provided it shall conform to the indicated printing
condition.
4.2.2 Separation films
Where data are exchanged using half-tone separation films, they shall be accompanied
...