ISO 27509:2020
(Main)Petroleum and natural gas industries — Compact flanged connections with IX seal ring
Petroleum and natural gas industries — Compact flanged connections with IX seal ring
This document specifies detailed manufacturing requirements for circular steel and nickel alloy compact flanged connections and associated seal rings, for designated pressures and temperatures in class designations CL 150 (PN 20) to CL 1500 (PN 260) for nominal sizes from DN 15 (NPS ½) to DN 1200 (NPS 48), and for CL 2500 (PN 420) for nominal sizes from DN 15 (NPS ½) to DN 600 (NPS 24). NOTE NPS is expressed in accordance with ASME B36.10M and ASME B36.19M. This document is applicable to welding neck flanges, blind flanges, paddle spacers and spacer blinds (paddle blanks), valve/equipment integral flanges, orifice spacers, reducing threaded flanges and rigid interfaces for use in process piping for the petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries. This document is applicable within a temperature range from −196 °C to +250 °C. This document is not applicable for external pressure.
Industries du pétrole et du gaz naturel — Raccordements à brides compactes avec bague d'étanchéité IX
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INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 27509
Second edition
2020-12
Petroleum and natural gas
industries — Compact flanged
connections with IX seal ring
Industries du pétrole et du gaz naturel — Raccordements à brides
compactes avec bague d'étanchéité IX
Reference number
ISO 27509:2020(E)
©
ISO 2020
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
ISO 27509:2020(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2020
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
ISO 27509:2020(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .v
Introduction .vii
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 2
4 Abbreviations and symbols . 2
4.1 Abbreviated terms . 2
4.2 Symbols . 3
5 Design . 5
5.1 General . 5
5.2 Design principles . 6
5.3 Assembly requirements . 8
5.4 Standard components . 8
5.5 Units of measurements . 9
5.6 Rounding . 9
5.7 Conformance with piping design codes . 9
5.8 Conformance with this document .10
6 Designation .10
6.1 Designation of flanges .10
6.2 Designation of seal rings .10
7 Materials .11
7.1 General .11
7.2 Flange materials.11
7.3 Bolting materials .11
7.4 Seal ring materials .12
8 Strength, pressure/temperature ratings and leak tightness .13
8.1 General .13
8.2 Pressure/temperature ratings .13
8.3 Pressure testing and leak tightness .14
9 Dimensions of flanges .14
9.1 General .14
9.2 Weld neck dimensions .15
9.3 Blind flange (BL) dimensions .23
9.4 Integral flange (IF) dimensions .26
9.5 Rigid interface dimensions .37
9.6 Dimensions of paddle blanks (PB) and paddle spacers (PS) .39
9.7 Handle and lifting lugs .41
9.8 Dimensions of orifice spacers (OS) .42
9.9 Dimensions of reducing threaded flanges .44
9.10 Auxiliary connections .45
9.11 Flange tolerances .45
9.12 Surface finish .47
10 Marking of flanges.48
10.1 Flanges other than integral flanges .48
10.2 Manufacturer's name or trademark .48
10.3 Nominal size .48
10.4 Pressure class designation .48
10.5 Pipe dimensions .48
10.6 Material identification .48
10.7 Identification of internally threaded flanges .49
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ISO 27509:2020(E)
10.8 Material traceability .49
10.9 Marking examples .49
10.10 Stamping .49
11 Dimensions of seal rings .49
12 Manufacture, testing and inspection of IX seal rings .53
13 Coating and colour coding .53
14 Marking of seal rings .54
15 Quality management systems .54
16 Bolt dimensions and masses .54
Annex A (normative) Pressure temperature ratings and load capacity .55
Annex B (normative) Integral flange angle selection .59
Annex C (normative) Bolt dimensions and masses .70
Annex D (normative) Handling, installation, assembly and repair of flanges .77
Annex E (informative) Mass of flanges .90
Annex F (informative) Metric bolting .100
Annex G (informative) Additional information on bibliographical references .102
Bibliography .104
iv © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved
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ISO 27509:2020(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www .iso .org/
iso/ foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 67, Materials, equipment and offshore
structures for petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries, Subcommittee SC 6, Processing
equipment and systems, in collaboration with the European Committee for Standardization (CEN)
Technical Committee CEN/TC 12, Materials, equipment and offshore structures for petroleum,
petrochemical and natural gas industries, in accordance with the Agreement on technical cooperation
between ISO and CEN (Vienna Agreement).
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 27509:2012), which has been technically
revised. It also incorporates the Technical Corrigendum ISO 27509:2012/Cor.1:2013. The main changes
compared to the previous edition are as follows:
— Annexes B and D (Annex E in previous edition) have become normative annexes;
— more stringent quality requirements regarding manufacture of products and assembly instructions
have been introduced. These include
a) ultrasonic testing of products in accordance with new requirements in ASME VIII div. 2 (in
Clause 7),
b) requirements to material strength and machining strictly in accordance with given tolerances
for IX seal rings (in Clause 12),
c) new and better coating requirements for IX seal rings (in Clause 13 and Annex D),
d) excluding use of IX seal rings to assist alignment by transfer of significant shear load during
assembly (in Annex D),
e) more comprehensive and detailed guidelines on the evaluation of damages to products and the
repair of such damages (in Annex D),
f) more comprehensive requirements to qualification of bolt tensioning procedures (in Annex D),
and
© ISO 2020 – All rights reserved v
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ISO 27509:2020(E)
g) the elastoplastic deformation of flanges by first assembly has been better explained in 5.3
and in Annex D, in order to prevent unnecessary re-machining or rejection when flange bevel
angles have changed.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/ members .html.
vi © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
ISO 27509:2020(E)
Introduction
This document, which is originally based on NORSOK L-005, has been developed to provide an
International Standard for compact flanged connections that constitutes an alternative to conventional
flanges as specified in ASME standards, European standards and other standards, with reduced mass
and smaller overall dimensions, as well as increased reliability in leak tightness by means of its inherent
design features and make up procedures. CFCs can also provide an alternative to other types of clamp
and hub type mechanical connectors.
The use of load carrying sealing elements, traditionally referred to as "gaskets", does not conform with
the requirements of this document.
This document has been developed for use in process piping systems, which are designed in accordance
with codes for pressure piping, e.g. ASME B31.3. See 5.7 for more details.
The flange designs have been selected to achieve a minimum safety factor of 2,0 when subjected to a
design pressure equal to ASME B16.5 pressure temperature ratings within the temperature limits of
this document.
The main body of this document contains all necessary information on how to manufacture and supply
flange and seal ring materials, such as
— flange dimensions and material requirements,
— seal ring dimensions and material requirements,
— bolting dimensions and material requirements,
— requirements to tolerances and surface finish, and
— requirements to designation and marking of finished products.
Annexes A, B, C and D cover the following topics:
— structural capacity equations for flange assemblies;
— how to apply the flanges to special geometries of valves and equipment nozzles;
— bolt dimensions and masses;
— installation and assembly instructions, and guidelines on how to repair damage and irregularities
on sealing surfaces.
Annexes E, F and G cover the following topics:
— masses of all standard components;
— suitable dimensions of alternative metric bolting;
— additional information on bibliographical references.
In this document, the following verbal forms are used:
— "shall" indicates a requirement;
— "should" indicates a recommendation;
— "may" indicates a permission;
— "can" indicates a possibility or a capability.
© ISO 2020 – All rights reserved vii
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INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 27509:2020(E)
Petroleum and natural gas industries — Compact flanged
connections with IX seal ring
1 Scope
This document specifies detailed manufacturing requirements for circular steel and nickel alloy
compact flanged connections and associated seal rings, for designated pressures and temperatures
in class designations CL 150 (PN 20) to CL 1500 (PN 260) for nominal sizes from DN 15 (NPS ½) to
DN 1200 (NPS 48), and for CL 2500 (PN 420) for nominal sizes from DN 15 (NPS ½) to DN 600 (NPS 24).
NOTE NPS is expressed in accordance with ASME B36.10M and ASME B36.19M.
This document is applicable to welding neck flanges, blind flanges, paddle spacers and spacer blinds
(paddle blanks), valve/equipment integral flanges, orifice spacers, reducing threaded flanges and rigid
interfaces for use in process piping for the petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries.
This document is applicable within a temperature range from −196 °C to +250 °C.
This document is not applicable for external pressure.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 2768-1, General tolerances — Part 1: Tolerances for linear and angular dimensions without individual
tolerance indications
ISO 4287, Geometrical Product Specifications (GPS) — Surface texture: Profile method — Terms, definitions
and surface texture parameters
ISO 4288, Geometrical Product Specifications (GPS) — Surface texture: Profile method — Rules and
procedures for the assessment of surface texture
ISO 5167-1, Measurement of fluid flow by means of pressure differential devices inserted in circular cross-
section conduits running full — Part 1: General principles and requirements
ISO 5167-2:2003, Measurement of fluid flow by means of pressure differential devices inserted in circular
cross-section conduits running full — Part 2: Orifice plates
ISO 14313, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Pipeline transportation systems — Pipeline valves
ISO 80000-1:2009, Quantities and units — Part 1: General
EN 1591-4, Flanges and their joints — Part 4: Qualification of personnel competency in the assembly of the
bolted connections of critical service pressurized systems
EN 1779, Non-destructive testing — Leak testing — Criteria for method and technique selection
ASME B16.5, Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings: NPS 1/2 through NPS 24 Metric/Inch Standard
ASME B16.34, Valves — Flanged, Threaded and Welding End
ASME B1.20.1, Pipe Threads, General Purpose (Inch)
ASME B31.3:2018, Process Piping
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ISO 27509:2020(E)
ASTM B568, Standard Test Method for Measurement of Coating Thickness by X-Ray Spectrometry
ASTM B571, Standard Practice for Qualitative Adhesion Testing of Metallic Coatings
ASME VIII Div. 2: Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code — Alternative Rules
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
class
CL
pressure class in accordance with specific values
Note 1 to entry: The values shall be in accordance with ASME B16.5 and ASME B16.34
3.2
compact flanged connection
CFL
non-gasketed bolted static pipe connection including two flanges and where the bolt loads are
transferred through metal to metal contact between the flange faces
3.3
gasket
barrier to prevent the passage of fluids, but which does transmit all loads between flanges
3.4
purchaser
individual or organization that buys the pipe connection on behalf of the user and/or operator or for
its own use
3.5
seal ring
component providing a barrier to prevent the passage of fluids, transmitting no significant loads
between the flanges
3.6
supplier
individual or organization that takes the responsibility for the supply of the pipe connection
4 Abbreviations and symbols
4.1 Abbreviated terms
BL blind flange
DN nominal pipe diameter (expressed in millimetres)
ID internal diameter
IF integral flange (as part of some other equipment or component)
2 © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved
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ISO 27509:2020(E)
IX special metallic seal ring applied in this document
LB line blinds (including PS and PB)
NPS nominal pipe size (expressed in inches)
OD outer diameter
OS orifice spacer
PB paddle blank
PN nominal pressure (expressed in bar)
PS paddle spacer
PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
RI rigid interface
RT reducing threaded flange
WN weld neck
4.2 Symbols
A outside diameter of neck
A maximum outer diameter to accommodate standard tools
max
A minimum neck outer diameter listed in Table 7 to Table 12
min
A cross-sectional area of the neck/pipe calculated from t
C015 015
A cross-sectional area of a special flange neck geometry calculated from Formula (B.1)
Ceqv
A total cross-sectional area of bolting, based on root area
Cb
A hub diameter of reducing threaded flange
T
a maximum allowable alignment gap between mating flanges (see Figure D.4)
a bolt root area
Cb
B bore diameter, where the bore should not exceed the maximum listed bore in this document
B maximum listed bore diameter
max
B minimum bore diameter for which the face angles are valid
min
B minimum bore diameter for flange to be blinded
1
NOTE B is also the start diameter for blind and reducing threaded flange face angles.
1
B bolt circle diameter
CD
d bolt size (nominal bolt diameter)
B
d effective contact diameter of nut face (average between width of cross flats and diameter
n
of bolt hole)
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ISO 27509:2020(E)
d average diameter of neck end = (A+B)/2
p
d effective (mean) contact diameter of bolting threads
t
D internal diameter of groove
A1
D outer diameter of groove
A3
D seal ring seal dimension (see Figure 13)
Gn
D inner recess diameter
W1
D outer recess diameter
W2
D outside diameter of flange
W3
D flange to neck fillet outer diameter
W4
e radial distance between B and d
CD p
E depth of groove
1
E depth of recess
2
F applied axial force
A
F bolt total plastic capacity (root area × number of bolts × yield strength)
cB
F flange axial load capacity without effect of bolt prying
f
F flange axial load capacity including the effect of bolt prying
fp
F end cap force calculated to seal ring seal diameter
End
F required bolt preload
P
F resulting force from external tension force F and external bending moment M
R A A
f flange material yield strength at temperature
y
f bolt material yield strength at temperature
yb
H seal ring seal dimension (see Figure 13)
Gn
H thickness of PB, PS and OS
P1
H flange thickness
W3
H , H overall length
W5 T5
L bolt hole diameter
L , L , L bolt hole depths (see Figure 5 and Table 22)
1 2 3
l clear bolt length between engaged threads with the nuts
M applied bending moment
A
n number of bolts
P thread pitch of bolting
t
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ISO 27509:2020(E)
2
p internal pressure in N/mm
R Radius
R radius (maximum value tabulated)
C
R neck to flange ring radius on integral flanges
V1
T torque applied to the bolt
t pipe wall thickness
t minimum neck thickness that can be used which is defined by the standard pipe outer
min
diameter, A, and maximum listed bore diameter, B .
max
t maximum neck thickness that can be used which is defined by A and the minimum
max max
listed bore diameter
t wall thickness giving the smallest possible face angle (0,15°)
015
t equivalent wall thickness calculated from A over H
eqv Ceqv W5
W Warping moment capacity of flange
f
X half major ellipse axis
Y half minor ellipse axis
α groove angle
A2
α flange face bevel angle
B1
α effective face angle/rear face bevel angle
B2
Δ fraction of the initially applied pre-stress lost in transfer of bolt load from tension tool
to the nut
ψ flange utilization ratio
μ coefficient of friction of nut bearing surface
n
μ coefficient of friction of bolting threads
t
5 Design
5.1 General
CFCs shall:
a) be designed for face-to-face make-up for transfer of the bolt loading through the flange faces;
b) be designed so that a static mode is maintained in the bolted joint up to 1,5 times the specified
pressure/temperature rating, see 8.2. Static mode is maintained as long as the difference between
maximum and minimum nominal stress sustained by the bolts in the joint does not exceed 5 % of
the minimum values specified in Table 3;
c) be standardized to cover as a minimum the same pressure temperature class designations and
sizes as can be found in ASME B16.5 with equal or better performance;
© ISO 2020 – All rights reserved 5
------------
...
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 27509
Second edition
Petroleum and natural gas
industries — Compact flanged
connections with IX seal ring
Industries du pétrole et du gaz naturel — Raccordements à brides
compactes avec bague d'étanchéité IX
PROOF/ÉPREUVE
Reference number
ISO 27509:2020(E)
©
ISO 2020
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
ISO 27509:2020(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2020
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii PROOF/ÉPREUVE © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
ISO 27509:2020(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .v
Introduction .vii
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 2
4 Abbreviations and symbols . 2
4.1 Abbreviated terms . 2
4.2 Symbols . 3
5 Design . 5
5.1 General . 5
5.2 Design principles . 6
5.3 Assembly requirements . 8
5.4 Standard components . 8
5.5 Units of measurements . 9
5.6 Rounding . 9
5.7 Conformance with piping design codes . 9
5.8 Conformance with this document .10
6 Designation .10
6.1 Designation of flanges .10
6.2 Designation of seal rings .10
7 Materials .11
7.1 General .11
7.2 Flange materials.11
7.3 Bolting materials .11
7.4 Seal ring materials .12
8 Strength, pressure/temperature ratings and leak tightness .13
8.1 General .13
8.2 Pressure/temperature ratings .13
8.3 Pressure testing and leak tightness .14
9 Dimensions of flanges .14
9.1 General .14
9.2 Weld neck dimensions .15
9.3 Blind flange (BL) dimensions .26
9.4 Integral flange (IF) dimensions .28
9.5 Rigid interface dimensions .38
9.6 Dimensions of paddle blanks (PB) and paddle spacers (PS) .41
9.7 Handle and lifting lugs .43
9.8 Dimensions of orifice spacers (OS) .43
9.9 Dimensions of reducing threaded flanges .45
9.10 Auxiliary connections .46
9.11 Flange tolerances .46
9.12 Surface finish .48
10 Marking of flanges.49
10.1 Flanges other than integral flanges .49
10.2 Manufacturer's name or trademark .49
10.3 Nominal size .49
10.4 Pressure class designation .50
10.5 Pipe dimensions .50
10.6 Material identification .50
10.7 Identification of internally threaded flanges .50
© ISO 2020 – All rights reserved PROOF/ÉPREUVE iii
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ISO 27509:2020(E)
10.8 Material traceability .50
10.9 Marking examples .50
10.10 Stamping .51
11 Dimensions of seal rings .51
12 Manufacture, testing and inspection of IX seal rings .54
13 Coating and colour coding .54
14 Marking of seal rings .55
15 Quality management systems .55
16 Bolt dimensions and masses .55
Annex A (normative) Pressure temperature ratings and load capacity .56
Annex B (normative) Integral flange angle selection .60
Annex C (normative) Bolt dimensions and masses .71
Annex D (normative) Handling, installation, assembly and repair of flanges .78
Annex E (informative) Mass of flanges .91
Annex F (informative) Metric bolting .101
Annex G (informative) Additional information on bibliographical references .103
Bibliography .105
iv PROOF/ÉPREUVE © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved
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ISO 27509:2020(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www .iso .org/
iso/ foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 67, Materials, equipment and offshore
structures for petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries, Subcommittee SC 6, Processing
equipment and systems, in collaboration with the European Committee for Standardization (CEN)
Technical Committee CEN/TC 12, Materials, equipment and offshore structures for petroleum,
petrochemical and natural gas industries, in accordance with the Agreement on technical cooperation
between ISO and CEN (Vienna Agreement).
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 27509:2012), which has been technically
revised. It also incorporates the Technical Corrigendum ISO 27509:2012/Cor.1:2013. The main changes
compared to the previous edition are as follows:
— Annexes B and D (Annex E in previous edition) have become normative annexes;
— more stringent quality requirements regarding manufacture of products and assembly instructions
have been introduced. These include
a) ultrasonic testing of products in accordance with new requirements in ASME VIII div. 2 (in
Clause 7),
b) requirements to material strength and machining strictly in accordance with given tolerances
for IX seal rings (in Clause 12),
c) new and better coating requirements for IX seal rings (in Clause 13 and Annex D),
d) excluding use of IX seal rings to assist alignment by transfer of significant shear load during
assembly (in Annex D),
e) more comprehensive and detailed guidelines on the evaluation of damages to products and the
repair of such damages (in Annex D),
f) more comprehensive requirements to qualification of bolt tensioning procedures (in Annex D),
and
© ISO 2020 – All rights reserved PROOF/ÉPREUVE v
---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
ISO 27509:2020(E)
g) the elastoplastic deformation of flanges by first assembly has been better explained in 5.3
and in Annex D, in order to prevent unnecessary re-machining or rejection when flange bevel
angles have changed.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/ members .html.
vi PROOF/ÉPREUVE © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
ISO 27509:2020(E)
Introduction
This document, which is originally based on NORSOK L-005, has been developed to provide an
International Standard for compact flanged connections that constitutes an alternative to conventional
flanges as specified in ASME standards, European standards and other standards, with reduced mass
and smaller overall dimensions, as well as increased reliability in leak tightness by means of its inherent
design features and make up procedures. CFCs can also provide an alternative to other types of clamp
and hub type mechanical connectors.
The use of load carrying sealing elements, traditionally referred to as "gaskets", does not conform with
the requirements of this document.
This document has been developed for use in process piping systems, which are designed in accordance
with codes for pressure piping, e.g. ASME B31.3. See 5.7 for more details.
The flange designs have been selected to achieve a minimum safety factor of 2,0 when subjected to a
design pressure equal to ASME B16.5 pressure temperature ratings within the temperature limits of
this document.
The main body of this document contains all necessary information on how to manufacture and supply
flange and seal ring materials, such as
— flange dimensions and material requirements,
— seal ring dimensions and material requirements,
— bolting dimensions and material requirements,
— requirements to tolerances and surface finish, and
— requirements to designation and marking of finished products.
The normative annexes A, B, C and D cover the following topics:
— structural capacity equations for flange assemblies;
— how to apply the flanges to special geometries of valves and equipment nozzles;
— bolt dimensions and masses;
— installation and assembly instructions, and guidelines on how to repair damage and irregularities
on sealing surfaces.
The informative annexes E, F and G cover the following topics:
— masses of all standard components;
— suitable dimensions of alternative metric bolting;
— additional information on bibliographical references.
In this document, the following verbal forms are used:
— "shall" indicates a requirement;
— "should indicates a recommendation;
— "may" indicates a permission;
— "can" indicates a possibility or a capability.
© ISO 2020 – All rights reserved PROOF/ÉPREUVE vii
---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 27509:2020(E)
Petroleum and natural gas industries — Compact flanged
connections with IX seal ring
1 Scope
This document specifies detailed manufacturing requirements for circular steel and nickel alloy
compact flanged connections and associated seal rings, for designated pressures and temperatures
in class designations CL 150 (PN 20) to CL 1500 (PN 260) for nominal sizes from DN 15 (NPS ½) to
DN 1200 (NPS 48), and for CL 2500 (PN 420) for nominal sizes from DN 15 (NPS ½) to DN 600 (NPS 24).
NOTE NPS is expressed in accordance with ASME B36.10M and ASME B36.19M.
This document is applicable to welding neck flanges, blind flanges, paddle spacers and spacer blinds
(paddle blanks), valve/equipment integral flanges, orifice spacers, reducing threaded flanges and rigid
interfaces for use in process piping for the petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries.
This document is applicable within a temperature range from −196 °C to +250 °C.
This document is not applicable for external pressure.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 2768-1, General tolerances — Part 1: Tolerances for linear and angular dimensions without individual
tolerance indications
ISO 4287, Geometrical Product Specifications (GPS) — Surface texture: Profile method — Terms, definitions
and surface texture parameters
ISO 4288, Geometrical Product Specifications (GPS) — Surface texture: Profile method — Rules and
procedures for the assessment of surface texture
ISO 5167-1, Measurement of fluid flow by means of pressure differential devices inserted in circular cross-
section conduits running full — Part 1: General principles and requirements
ISO 5167-2:2003, Measurement of fluid flow by means of pressure differential devices inserted in circular
cross-section conduits running full — Part 2: Orifice plates
ISO 14313, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Pipeline transportation systems — Pipeline valves
ISO 80000-1:2009, Quantities and units — Part 1: General
EN 1591-4, Flanges and their joints — Part 4: Qualification of personnel competency in the assembly of the
bolted connections of critical service pressurized systems
EN 1779, Non-destructive testing — Leak testing — Criteria for method and technique selection
ASME B16.5, Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings: NPS 1/2 through NPS 24 Metric/Inch Standard
ASME B16.34, Valves — Flanged, Threaded and Welding End
ASME B1.20.1, Pipe Threads, General Purpose (Inch)
ASME B31.3:2018, Process Piping
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ISO 27509:2020(E)
ASTM B568, Standard Test Method for Measurement of Coating Thickness by X-Ray Spectrometry
ASTM B571, Standard Practice for Qualitative Adhesion Testing of Metallic Coatings
ASME VIII Div. 2: Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code — Alternative Rules
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
class
CL
pressure class in accordance with specific values
Note 1 to entry: The values shall be in accordance with ASME B16.5 and ASME B16.34
3.2
compact flanged connection
CFL
non-gasketed bolted static pipe connection including two flanges and where the bolt loads are
transferred through metal to metal contact between the flange faces
3.3
gasket
barrier to prevent the passage of fluids, but which does transmit all loads between flanges
3.4
purchaser
individual or organization that buys the pipe connection on behalf of the user and/or operator or for
its own use
3.5
seal
component providing a barrier to prevent the passage of fluids, transmitting no significant loads
between the flanges
3.6
supplier
individual or organization that takes the responsibility for the supply of the pipe connection
4 Abbreviations and symbols
4.1 Abbreviated terms
BL blind flange
DN nominal pipe diameter (expressed in millimetres)
ID internal diameter
IF integral flange (as part of some other equipment or component)
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ISO 27509:2020(E)
IX special metallic seal ring applied in this document
LB line blinds (including PS and PB)
NPS nominal pipe size (expressed in inches)
OD outer diameter
OS orifice spacer
PB paddle blank
PN nominal pressure (expressed in bar)
PS paddle spacer
PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
RI rigid interface
RT reducing threaded flange
WN weld neck
4.2 Symbols
A outside diameter of neck
A maximum outer diameter to accommodate standard tools
max
A minimum neck outer diameter listed in Table 7 to Table 12
min
A cross-sectional area of the neck/pipe calculated from t
C015 015
A cross-sectional area of a special flange neck geometry calculated from Formula (B.1)
Ceqv
A total cross-sectional area of bolting, based on root area
Cb
A hub diameter of reducing threaded flange
T
a maximum allowable alignment gap between mating flanges (see Figure D.4)
a bolt root area
Cb
B bore diameter, where the bore should not exceed the maximum listed bore in this document
B maximum listed bore diameter
max
B minimum bore diameter for which the face angles are valid
min
B minimum bore diameter for flange to be blinded
1
NOTE B is also the start diameter for blind and reducing threaded flange face angles.
1
B bolt circle diameter
CD
d bolt size (nominal bolt diameter)
B
d effective contact diameter of nut face (average between width of cross flats and diameter
n
of bolt hole)
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ISO 27509:2020(E)
d average diameter of neck end = (A+B)/2
p
d effective (mean) contact diameter of bolting threads
t
D internal diameter of groove
A1
D outer diameter of groove
A3
D seal ring seal dimension (see Figure 13)
Gn
D inner recess diameter
W1
D outer recess diameter
W2
D outside diameter of flange
W3
D flange to neck fillet outer diameter
W4
e radial distance between B and d
CD p
E depth of groove
1
E depth of recess
2
F applied axial force
A
F bolt total plastic capacity (root area × number of bolts × yield strength)
cB
F flange axial load capacity without effect of bolt prying
f
F flange axial load capacity including the effect of bolt prying
fp
F end cap force calculated to seal ring seal diameter
End
F required bolt preload
P
F resulting force from external tension force F and external bending moment M
R A A
f flange material yield strength at temperature
y
f bolt material yield strength at temperature
yb
H seal ring seal dimension (see Figure 13)
Gn
H thickness of PB, PS and OS
P1
H flange thickness
W3
H , H overall length
W5 T5
L bolt hole diameter
L , L , L bolt hole depths (see Figure 5 and Table 22)
1 2 3
l clear bolt length between engaged threads with the nuts
M applied bending moment
A
n number of bolts
P thread pitch of bolting
t
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ISO 27509:2020(E)
2
p internal pressure in N/mm
R Radius
R radius (maximum value tabulated)
C
R neck to flange ring radius on integral flanges
V1
T torque applied to the bolt
t pipe wall thickness
t minimum neck thickness that can be used which is defined by the standard pipe outer
min
diameter, A, and maximum listed bore diameter, B .
max
t maximum neck thickness that can be used which is defined by A and the minimum
max max
listed bore diameter
t wall thickness giving the smallest possible face angle (0,15°)
015
t equivalent wall thickness calculated from A over H
eqv Ceqv W5
W Warping moment capacity of flange
f
X half major ellipse axis
Y half minor ellipse axis
α groove angle
A2
α flange face bevel angle
B1
α effective face angle/rear face bevel angle
B2
Δ fraction of the initially applied pre-stress lost in transfer of bolt load from tension tool
to the nut
ψ flange utilization ratio
μ coefficient of friction of nut bearing surface
n
μ coefficient of friction of bolting threads
t
5 Design
5.1 General
CFCs shall:
a) be designed for face-to-face make-up for transfer of the bolt loading through the flange faces;
b) be designed so that a static mode is maintained in the bolted joint up to 1,5 times the specified
pressure/temperature rating, see 8.2. Static mode is maintained as long as the difference between
maximum and minimum nominal stress sustained by the bolts in the joint does not exceed 5 % of
the minimum values specified in Table 3;
c) be standardized to cover as a minimum the same pressu
...
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