ISO/TC 138/SC 6 - Reinforced plastics pipes and fittings for all applications

This document addresses the system design of pipe and joints of above ground installations without end-thrust as specified in systems standard ISO 23856. It is directed to pipelines with a minimum stiffness of SN 5000 laid in a straight line between thrust blocks. It is based on the safety concepts described in ISO TS 20656-1, with consequence class 2 (CC2) as default. For other consequence classes, certain details specified in this document can need to be modified. This document is directed to double bell coupling. However, much of the information can be adapted and utilized for other flexible joints systems. This document does not cover fittings nor detailled engineering work like thrust blocks, support and anchor designs. As installation is not included in the scope of this document and to assist system design, Annex A provides a pressure testing and inspection procedure. However, to ensure the use of clearly defined field test data in system design, Annex A can be used normatively by agreement between purchaser and supplier. An example of recording above ground joint deflection data is given in Annex B.

This document specifies the properties of piping system components made from glass-reinforced thermosetting plastics (GRP) based on unsaturated polyester resin (UP). It is suited for all types of water supply, drainage and sewerage with or without pressure. Types of water supply include, but are not limited to, raw water, irrigation, cooling water, potable water, salt water, sea water, penstocks in power plants, processing plants and other water-based applications. This document is applicable to GRP UP piping systems, with flexible or rigid joints with or without end thrust load-bearing capability, primarily intended for use in direct buried installations. NOTE 1 For the purpose of this document, the term polyester resin (UP) also includes vinyl-ester resins (VE). NOTE 2 Piping systems conforming to this document can also be used for non-buried applications, provided the influence of the environment and the supports are considered in the design of the pipes, fittings and joints. NOTE 3 This document can also apply for other installations, such as slip-lining rehabilitation of existing pipes. NOTE 4 ISO 10467 and ISO 10639, which are replaced by this document, are also referenced in ISO 25780, which specifies requirements for GRP-pipes used for jacking installation. The requirements for the hydrostatic pressure design of pipes referring to this document meet the requirements of ISO/TS 20656-1 and the general principle for the reliability of structures detailed in ISO 2394 and in EN 1990. These International Standards provide procedures for the harmonization of design practices and address the probability of failure, as well as possible consequences of failures. The design practices are based on a partial safety factor concept, as well as on risk management engineering. This document is applicable to circular pipes, fittings and their joints of nominal sizes from DN 50 to DN 4000, which are intended to be used for the conveyance of water, sewage and drainage at normal service conditions, with or without pressure.

This document specifies a method for determining the apparent axial long-term modulus of pipes subject to beam bending deflection between vertically supported end-couplers, which allow rotation of the pipe relative to the couplers. In conjunction with ISO 10928, this document expresses the results of the test as an apparent axial long-term modulus for use in the calculation of mid-span beam deflection and end rotation of GRP pipes as specified in ISO/TS 10986. Test conditions and requirements are specified in the referring standard. For practical reasons, the test method is not suited for diameters greater than DN 600.

This document specifies methods of test for joints with a locked socket and spigot, including double-socket joints, and with elastomeric seals, for buried and above-ground glass-reinforced thermosetting plastics (GRP) piping systems. It covers methods of testing for leaktightness and resistance to damage of the joint only, when subjected to specified combinations of angular movement, compression (deformation) perpendicular to the pipe axis and internal pressure. It assumes that the joint will be exposed to the effects of hydrostatic end thrust. The tests detailed in 9.2, 9.3, 9.4 and 9.6 are applicable to joints with a locked socket and spigot, including double-socket joints, and with elastomeric seals intended to be used in buried or above-ground applications. The bending tests detailed in 9.5 can be used to prove the design where joints are either intended to be used in buried applications or are intended to be used in particular above-ground situations, where the tests can be considered appropriate. With the exception of the procedure detailed in 9.5, these test procedures are applicable to joints for pipes and fittings of all nominal sizes. The tests detailed in 9.5 are applicable to joints for pipes and fittings up to and including DN 600. The tests are applicable for evaluating joints intended for applications conveying liquids at temperatures specified in the referring standards. The test procedures in this document are damaging to the test piece, which will not be suitable for reuse after these tests. The test procedure is intended for type testing purposes. This document is applicable only to the joint and specifies methods of testing to prove its design.

This document specifies a method for testing the ability of glass-reinforced thermosetting plastics (GRP) pipes to withstand specified levels of initial ring deflection without displaying surface damage and/or structural failure.

This document specifies a method for determining the chemical resistance properties of glass-reinforced thermosetting plastics (GRP) pipes and fittings in a deflected condition for nominal sizes DN 100 and larger. In conjunction with ISO 10928, this document provides a method for evaluating the effect of a chemical environment on the interior of a pipe or fitting after a specified period of time. Test conditions and requirements are specified in the referring International Standard. ISO 23856 references this document. NOTE It has been found that the effect of chemical environments can be accelerated by strain induced from deflection; hence, this type of effect is frequently referred to as strain corrosion.

This document specifies six test methods for the determination of the initial circumferential tensile wall strength per unit of length of glass-reinforced thermosetting plastics (GRP) pipes. NOTE Another commonly used term for "circumferential tensile strength" is "hoop tensile strength" and the two expressions can be used interchangeably. The burst test (method A) is suitable for all types and sizes of pipes. It is considered the reference method. However, all the methods in this document have equal validity. If correlation of any of the methods B to F can be established by a comparative test programme, then that method can be considered as the reference method. The split disc test (method B) is not always suitable for pipes with helically wound reinforcing layers. The strip test (method C), the modified strip test (method D) and the restrained strip test (method E) are suitable for pipes with a nominal size of DN 500 and greater. The notched plate test (method F) is primarily intended for use with helically wound pipes of nominal size greater than DN 500 with a winding angle other than approximately 90°. Results from one method are not necessarily equal to the results derived from any of the alternative methods. If required, the initial circumferential tensile modulus can be determined by method A.

This document specifies methods of test for bolted flange joints for buried and above-ground glass-reinforced thermosetting plastics (GRP) piping systems. This document is only applicable to the joint and covers methods of test to prove its design. It assumes that the joint either is or is not intended to be subject to the effects of hydrostatic end thrust. The tests detailed in 9.2, 9.4 to 9.6 inclusive are applicable to bolted flange joints intended to be used in buried or above-ground applications. The bending tests detailed in 9.3 can be used to prove the design where joints are either intended to be used in buried applications or are intended to be used in particular above-ground situations where the tests may be considered appropriate. With the exception of the procedure detailed in 9.3, these test procedures are applicable to joints for pipes and fittings of all nominal sizes. The tests detailed in 9.3 are applicable to joints for pipes and fittings up to and including DN 600. The tests are applicable for evaluating joints intended for applications conveying liquids at temperatures specified in the referring standards. The test procedures in this document are damaging to the test piece, which will not be suitable for reuse after these tests. The test procedure is intended for type testing purposes. This document is applicable only to the joint and specifies methods of test to prove its design.

This document specifies methods of test for cemented or wrapped joints for buried and above ground glass-reinforced thermosetting plastics (GRP) piping systems. This document is only applicable to the joint and covers methods of test to prove its design. It assumes that the joint either is or is not intended to be subject to the effects of hydrostatic end thrust. The tests detailed in 9.2, 9.4 to 9.6 inclusive are applicable to cemented or wrapped joints intended to be used in buried or above-ground applications. The bending tests detailed in 9.3 can be used to prove the design where joints are either intended to be used in buried applications or are intended to be used in particular above-ground situations where the tests may be considered appropriate. With the exception of procedure detailed in 9.3, these test procedures are applicable to joints for pipes and fittings of all nominal sizes. The tests detailed in 9.3 are applicable to joints for pipes and fittings up to and including DN 600. The tests are applicable for evaluating joints intended for applications conveying liquids at temperatures specified in the referring standards. The test procedures in this document are damaging to the test piece, which will not be suitable for reuse after these tests. The test procedure is applied for type testing purposes only. This document is applicable only to the joint and specifies methods of test to prove its design.

This document specifies methods for determining the initial ring stiffness of glass-reinforced thermosetting plastics (GRP) pipes. Two methods are given (constant load and constant deflection), and within the specified deflection limits, each is equally valid and can be used for any diameter.

This document specifies a method for determining by extrapolation the long-term ultimate ring bending strain and the calculation of the long-term ultimate relative ring deflection of glass-reinforced thermosetting plastics (GRP) pipes, under wet conditions. Two methods of loading are given, one using plates the other beam bars.

This document specifies methods for determining the ring creep properties for glass-reinforced thermosetting plastics (GRP) pipes. Properties include the creep factor and the long-term specific creep stiffness. Testing is performed under either wet (total immersion in water) or dry conditions. Dry creep testing is typically performed for the assessment and control of raw material consistency. Wet creep testing is typically undertaken to determine the long-term creep performance in simulated use conditions.

ISO/TS 12512:2017 specifies a method for determining the initial specific ring stiffness of pipes having a nominal size of DN 2000 or larger, using segment test pieces cut from a glass-reinforced thermosetting plastics (GRP) pipe.

ISO 7510:2017 specifies a method for the determination of constituent materials of a test sample cut from a glass-reinforced plastics (GRP) component intended for use in a piping system. It includes determination of resin, glass, aggregate and filler contents. It is also applicable to the determination of the type and arrangement of the reinforcements. If used to determine the amounts of constituent materials in layered constructions it may be necessary to separate the laminate layers by cutting or splitting and testing each separately.

ISO 16611:2017 specifies the required properties of the piping system and its components made from glass-reinforced thermosetting plastics (GRP) based on unsaturated polyester resin (UP) intended to be used for drainage or sewerage without pressure including culverts. It is the responsibility of the purchaser or specifier to make the appropriate selections taking into account their particular requirements and any relevant national regulations and installation practices or codes. ISO 16611:2017 is applicable to non-circular GRP-UP pipes, with flexible or rigid joints, primarily intended for use in buried installations but may also be used to reline existing non-circular pipe lines. NOTE 1 GRP-UP includes pipes with vinyl ester liners or made entirely from vinyl ester. NOTE 2 Piping systems conforming to ISO 16611:2017 can be used also for non-buried applications provided the influence of the environment, e.g. from UV-radiation, and the supports are considered in the design of the pipes, fittings and joints. ISO 16611:2017 is applicable to pipes, fittings and their joints of nominal sizes from DN 150 to DN 4000, which are intended to be used for the conveyance of surface water or sewage at temperatures up to 50 °C.

ISO/TS 20656-1:2017 describes how partial factors for buried GRP pipes are developed, and are primarily intended to define the necessary safety measures for GRP pipes that meet the requirements of ISO 10639, ISO 10467 and ISO 25780, and EN 1796 and EN 14364. The same methodology can be utilised for other pipe product standards, although other parameters would apply.

ISO 10928:2016 specifies procedures suitable for the analysis of data which, when converted into logarithms of the values, have either a normal or a skewed distribution. It is intended for use with the test methods and referring standards for glass-reinforced thermosetting plastics (GRP) pipes or fittings for the analysis of properties as a function of time. However, it can be used for the analysis of other data. Depending upon the nature of the data, two methods are specified. The extrapolation using these techniques typically extends the trend from data gathered over a period of approximately 10 000 h to a prediction of the property at 50 years, which is the typical maximum extrapolation time. ISO 10928:2016 only addresses the analysis of data. The test procedures to collect the data, the number of samples required and the time period over which data are collected are covered by the referring standards and/or test methods. Clause 6 discusses how the data analysis methods are applied to product testing and design.

ISO 8639:2016 specifies test methods for flexible non-thrust resistant socket-and-spigot joints with elastomeric sealing elements for buried and above ground glass-reinforced thermosetting plastics (GRP) pipeline applications. It covers methods of test for the leaktightness and resistance to damage of the joint only, when subject to specified combinations of longitudinal extension (draw), angular movement (angular deflection), compression (deformation) perpendicular to the pipe axis and internal pressure. ISO 8639:2015 is applicable to joints for either pressure or non-pressure applications.

ISO 8513:2016 specifies two test methods for determining the longitudinal tensile properties of glass-reinforced thermosetting plastics (GRP) pipes. The properties which can be determined are - the longitudinal tensile strength, and - the percentage ultimate elongation. Method A uses, for the test piece(s), a longitudinal strip cut from a pipe. Method B uses a specified length of the full cross-section of the pipe. Method A is applicable to pipes with a nominal size of DN 50 or greater with circumferentially wound filaments, with or without chopped glass and/or woven rovings and/or fillers, and to centrifugally cast pipes. It is applicable to pipes with helically wound filaments with a nominal size of DN 200 or greater. Method B is applicable to all types of GRP pipe. It is usually used for pipes with a nominal size up to and including DN 150. Results from one method are not necessarily equal to the results derived from any of the alternative methods. However, all methods have equal validity. Annex A describes additional considerations for method B that have been found useful for the testing of thin-walled helically wound pipes and can be used to supplement the basic text. NOTE This International Standard does not address the determination of longitudinal tensile modulus. Due to the multi-layer construction of many GRP pipes, the accurate measurement of strain, necessary for modulus determination, can be very difficult. If it is desired to determine longitudinal modulus, see ISO 527‑4 and/or ISO 527‑5.

ISO 18851:2015 specifies methods of test for fittings of any form, i.e. bends, branches, tapers, intended to be used in plastics piping systems for pressure and non-pressure drainage and sewerage or water supply made of glass-reinforced thermosetting plastics (GRP). It is applicable to fittings, in order to test their structural design, but is not applicable to connecting joint systems. It assumes that the fitting either is or is not intended to be subject to the effects of hydrostatic end thrust. The tests detailed in 8.1 to 8.4 are applicable to fittings intended to be used in buried or non-buried applications. These test procedures are applicable to fittings of all nominal sizes specified in the referring standard. The tests are for evaluating fittings intended for use in applications conveying liquids at temperatures specified in the referring standards. The test procedures in ISO 18851:2015 are damaging to the test piece which will not be suitable for reuse after these tests. The test procedure is applicable to type testing.

ISO 7509:2015 specifies a method for determining the time-to-failure of glass-reinforced thermosetting plastics (GRP) pipes under internal hydrostatic pressure at a specified temperature. The external environment can be air or water. NOTE For other internal or external environments, the referring standard is to specify any additional requirement.

ISO 25780:2011 specifies the properties of the piping system and its components made from glass-reinforced thermosetting plastics (GRP) based on unsaturated polyester resin (UP) for water supply, irrigation, drainage or sewerage systems with or without pressure. ISO 25780:2011 is applicable to GRP-UP piping systems, with flexible joints, intended to be installed using jacking techniques. It specifies the characteristics of pipes made from GRP-UP, with or without aggregates or fillers and also specifies the test parameters for the test methods referred to in ISO 25780:2011. ISO 25780:2011 is applicable to pipes and joints with a size range from DN100 to DN4000 which are intended to be used for the conveyance of water or sewage at temperatures up to 50ºC, with or without pressure. ISO 25780:2011 covers requirements to improve the design of the joint and specifies type test performance requirements for the joints as a function of the declared nominal pressure rating of the pipeline system and the required joint deflection capability of the system.

ISO 18672-1:2009 specifies definitions, requirements and characteristics of pipes, fittings, joints, materials, test methods and marking for pipes and fittings made from polyester resin concrete (PRC), intended to be used within a drain or sewer system operating without pressure. It applies to products for use in buried installations to be installed by open-trench techniques or pipe jacking. It applies to pipes, fittings and their joints of nominal sizes from DN 150 to DN 3000 for circular cross-sections, from WN/HN 300/450 to WN/HN 1400/2100 for egg-shaped cross-sections and from DN 800 to DN 1800 for kite-shaped cross-sections.

ISO/TR 10465-2:2007 presents a comparison of the ATV and AWWA methods for static calculations on underground GRP pipe installations. It is intended that this comparison will encourage the use of both procedures for GRP pipes conforming to International Standards. It is not the intent of ISO/TR 10465-2 to cover all the details of the two methods. Some aspects are, of necessity, very complex, and for a full understanding the original documents need to be studied in detail. Rather, the intention is to give a general overview and comparison of the key elements so that the user can more easily understand and appreciate the differences between the two procedures and their similarities.

ISO 10465-3:2007 gives supplementary information on parameters and application limits for the underground installation of flexible glass-reinforced pipes based on unsaturated polyester resin (GRP-UP). It is particularly relevant when using an ATV-A 127 type design system. Explanations for the long-term safety factors incorporated into the GRP system standards based on simplified probabilistic methods are provided in an annex.

ISO/TS 10465-1:2007 describes the procedures for underground installation of flexible glass-reinforced thermosetting resin (GRP) pipes. It refers generally to GRP pipes as specified in the system standards ISO 10467 and ISO 10639, but it can also be used as a guide for the installation of other GRP pipes. It does not include jacking, relining or above-ground installations; nor does it cover health and safety or environmental conditions, these being addressed in national regulations at the place of installation.

ISO 15306:2003 specifies a method for determining the resistance of glass-reinforced thermosetting plastics (GRP) pipes to cyclic internal pressure. Whilst the standard refers to pipes, the procedure described can also be applied to fittings.

This International Standard specifies two test methods, designated method A and method B, for checking the leaktightness of glass-reinforced thermosetting plastics (GRP) pipes and fittings under short-term internal pressure. Method A is a hydraulic test applicable to a pipe under uniaxial stress. Method B is a pneumatic test applicable to fittings. NOTE Test methods for the leaktightness of joints or for the resistance of the pipe to long-term hydrostatic pressure are covered by other standards.

This document specifies methods of test for joints with a locked socket and spigot, including double-socket joints, and with elastomeric seals, for buried and above ground glass-reinforced thermosetting plastics (GRP) piping systems. It covers methods of test for leaktightness and resistance to damage of the joint only, when subjected to specified combinations of angular movement, compression (deformation) perpendicular to the pipe axis and internal pressure. It assumes that the joint will be exposed to the effects of hydrostatic end thrust. This document is applicable to joints for either pressure or non-pressure applications. The tests are suitable for the evaluation of joints intended for applications in which the liquids are conveyed at temperatures specified in the referring standards. The joints tested in accordance with this document are subjected to conditions which measure their ability to function and thereby prove the design of the joint, especially for type test purposes. The joint is only qualified according to the test sequences and configurations detailed in this document. With the exception of the bending test (see 9.5), the test procedures are applicable to joints for pipes and fittings of all nominal sizes. If not otherwise agreed between the manufacturer and the customer, the bending test detailed in 9.5 is applicable to joints with pipes and fittings up to and including DN 600. The test procedures in this document are damaging to the test piece, which will not be suitable for reuse after these tests. The test procedure is intended to be applied for type testing purposes. This document is applicable only to the joint and specifies methods of test to prove its design.

This document specifies the properties of piping system components made from glass-reinforced thermosetting plastics (GRP) based on unsaturated polyester resin (UP). It is suited for all types of drainage and sewerage with or without pressure. This document is applicable to GRP UP piping systems, with flexible or rigid joints with or without end thrust load-bearing capability, primarily intended for use in direct buried installations. NOTE 1 For the purpose of this document, the term polyester resin (UP) also includes vinyl-ester resins (VE). NOTE 2 Piping systems conforming to this document can also be used for non-buried applications, provided the influence of the environment and the supports are considered in the design of the pipes, fittings and joints. NOTE 3 This document can also apply for other installations, such as slip-lining rehabilitation of existing pipes. NOTE 4 This document is also referenced in ISO 25780, which specifies requirements for GRP-pipes used for jacking installation. The requirements for the hydrostatic pressure design of pipes referring to this document meet the requirements of ISO/TS 20656‑1 and the general principle for the reliability of structures detailed in ISO 2394 and in EN 1990. These International Standards provide procedures for the harmonization of design practices and address the probability of failure, as well as possible consequences of failures. The design practices are based on a partial safety factor concept, as well as on risk management engineering. This document is applicable to pipes, fittings and their joints of nominal sizes from DN 50 to DN 4000 which are intended to be used for the conveyance of water at temperatures up to 50 °C, with or without pressure. In a pipework system, pipes and fittings of different nominal pressure and stiffness ratings may be used together. Clause 4 specifies the general aspects of GRP UP piping systems intended to be used in the field of drainage or sewerage with or without pressure. Clause 5 specifies the characteristics of pipes made from GRP UP with or without aggregates and/or fillers. The pipes may have a thermoplastics or thermosetting resin liner. Clause 5 also specifies the test parameters for the test methods referred to in this document. Clause 6 specifies the characteristics of fittings made from GRP UP, with or without a thermoplastics or thermosetting resin liner, intended to be used in the field of drainage and sewerage. Clause 6 specifies the dimensional and performance requirements for bends, branches, reducers, saddles and flanged adaptors. Clause 6 covers requirements to prove the structural design of fittings. It is applicable to fittings made using any of the following techniques: — fabrication from straight pipes; — moulding by filament winding, tape winding, contact moulding, and hot or cold compression moulding. Clause 7 is applicable to the joints to be used in GRP UP piping systems to be used for the conveyance of surface water and sewerage, both buried and non-buried. It covers requirements to prove the design of the joint. Clause 7 specifies type test performance requirements for the following joints as a function of the declared nominal pressure rating of the pipeline or system: a) socket-and-spigot (including double-socket) joints or mechanical joints; b) locked socket-and-spigot joints; c) cemented or wrapped joints; d) bolted flange joints.

ISO 10639:2017 specifies the properties of piping system components made from glass-reinforced thermosetting plastics (GRP) based on unsaturated polyester resin (UP). It is suited for all types of water supply with or without pressure, including, but not limited to, raw water, irrigation, cooling water, potable water, salt water, sea water, penstocks in power plants, processing plants and other water-based applications. ISO 10639:2017 is applicable to GRP UP piping systems, with flexible or rigid joints with or without end thrust load-bearing capability, primarily intended for use in direct buried installations. NOTE 1 For the purpose of ISO 10639:2017, the term polyester resin (UP) also includes vinyl-ester resins (VE). NOTE 2 Piping systems conforming to ISO 10639:2017 can also be used for non-buried applications, provided the influence of the environment and the supports are considered in the design of the pipes, fittings and joints. NOTE 3 ISO 10639:2017t can also apply for other installations, such as slip-lining rehabilitation of existing pipes. NOTE 4 ISO 10639:2017 is also referenced in ISO 25780, which specifies requirements for GRP-pipes used for jacking installation. The requirements for the hydrostatic pressure design of pipes referring to ISO 10639:2017 meet the requirements of ISO/TS 20656‑1 and the general principle for the reliability of structures detailed in ISO 2394 and in EN 1990. These International Standards provide procedures for the harmonization of design practices and address the probability of failure, as well as possible consequences of failures. The design practices are based on a partial safety factor concept, as well as on risk management engineering. ISO 10639:2017 is applicable to pipes, fittings and their joints of nominal sizes from DN 50 to DN 4000 which are intended to be used for the conveyance of water at temperatures up to 50 °C, with or without pressure. In a pipework system, pipes and fittings of different nominal pressure and stiffness ratings may be used together. Clause 4 specifies the general aspects of GRP UP piping systems intended to be used in the field of water supply with or without pressure. Clause 5 specifies the characteristics of pipes made from GRP UP with or without aggregates and/or fillers. The pipes may have a thermoplastics or thermosetting resin liner. Clause 5 also specifies the test parameters for the test methods referred to in ISO 10639:2017. Clause 6 specifies the characteristics of fittings made from GRP UP, with or without a thermoplastics or thermosetting resin liner, intended to be used for conveyance of water. Clause 6 specifies the dimensional and performance requirements for bends, branches, reducers, saddles and flanged adaptors. Clause 6 covers requirements to prove the structural design of fittings. It is applicable to fittings made using any of the following techniques: - fabrication from straight pipes; - moulding by filament winding, tape winding, contact moulding, and hot or cold compression moulding. Clause 7 is applicable to the joints to be used in GRP UP piping systems to be used for the conveyance of water, both buried and non-buried. It covers requirements to prove the design of the joint. Clause 7 specifies type test performance requirements for the following joints as a function of the declared nominal pressure rating of the pipeline or system: a) socket-and-spigot (including double-socket) joints or mechanical joints; b) locked socket-and-spigot joints; c) cemented or wrapped joints; d) bolted flange joints.

ISO 8513:2014 specifies three test methods for determining the longitudinal tensile properties of glass-reinforced thermosetting plastics (GRP) pipes. The properties which can be determined are: the longitudinal tensile strength and the percentage ultimate elongation. Method A uses, for the test piece(s), a longitudinal strip cut from a pipe. Method B uses a specified length of the full cross-section of the pipe. Method C uses a notched plate cut from a pipe wall section. Method A is applicable to pipes with a nominal size of DN 50 or greater with circumferentially wound filaments, with or without chopped glass and/or woven rovings and/or fillers, and to centrifugally cast pipes. It is applicable to pipes with helically wound filaments with a nominal size of DN 200 or greater. Method B is applicable to all types of GRP pipe. It is usually used for pipes with a nominal size up to and including DN 150. Method C is primarily intended for use for helically wound pipes with a winding angle other than approximately 90°. This method can also be used for other types of pipe. Results from one method are not necessarily equal to the results derived from any of the alternative methods. However, all methods have equal validity.

ISO 10952:2014 specifies a method for determining the chemical resistance properties of glass-reinforced thermosetting plastics (GRP) pipes and fittings in a deflected condition for nominal sizes DN 100 and larger. In conjunction with ISO 10928, ISO 10952:2014 provides a method for evaluating the effect of a chemical environment on the interior of a pipe or fitting after a specified period of time. Test conditions and requirements are specified in the referring International Standard. ISO 10467 references ISO 10952:2014.

ISO 10928:2009 specifies procedures suitable for the analysis of data which, when converted into logarithms of the values, have either a normal or a skewed distribution. It is intended for use with the test methods and referring standards for glass-reinforced thermosetting plastics (GRP) pipes or fittings for the analysis of properties as a function of time. However, it can be used for the analysis of other data. Depending upon the nature of the data, two methods are specified. The extrapolation using these techniques typically extends the trend from data gathered over a period of approximately 10 000 h, to a prediction of the property at 50 years, which is the typical maximum extrapolation time.

ISO 8521:2009 specifies six test methods for the determination of the initial circumferential tensile wall strength per unit of length of glass-reinforced thermosetting plastics (GRP) pipes. NOTE Another commonly used term for “circumferential tensile strength” is “hoop tensile strength” and the two expressions can be used interchangeably. The burst test (method A) is suitable for all types and sizes of pipes. It is considered the reference method. However, all the methods in ISO 8521:2009 have equal validity. If correlation of any of the methods B to F can be established by a comparative test programme, then that method can be considered as the reference method. The split disc test (method B) might not be suitable for pipes with helically wound reinforcing layers. The strip test (method C), the modified strip test (method D) and the restrained strip test (method E) are suitable for pipes with a nominal size of DN 500 and greater. The notched plate test (method F) is primarily intended for use with helically wound pipes of nominal size greater than DN 500 with a winding angle other than approximately 90°.

ISO 10952:2008 specifies a method for determining the chemical resistance properties of glass-reinforced thermosetting plastics (GRP) pipes and fittings in a deflected condition for nominal sizes DN 100 and larger. In conjunction with ISO 10928, ISO 10952:2008 provides a method for evaluating the effect of a chemical environment on the interior of a pipe or fitting after a specified period of time. Test conditions and requirements are specified in the referring standards such as ISO 10467.

ISO 10467:2004 specifies the properties of piping system components made from glass-reinforced thermosetting plastics (GRP) based on unsaturated polyester resin (UP) for drainage or sewerage with or without pressure, as well as the properties of the system itself. It is applicable to GRP-UP piping systems, with flexible or rigid joints with or without end thrust load-bearing capability, primarily intended for use in buried installations. It is applicable to pipes, fittings and their joints of nominal sizes from DN 50 to DN 4000 which are intended to be used for the conveyance of surface water or sewage at temperatures up to 50 °C, with or without pressure. In a pipework system, pipes and fittings of different nominal pressure and stiffness ratings may be used together.

ISO 10639:2004 specifies the properties of piping system components made from glass-reinforced thermosetting plastics (GRP) based on unsaturated polyester resin (UP) for water supply with or without pressure, as well as the properties of the system itself. It is applicable to GRP-UP piping systems, with flexible or rigid joints with or without end thrust load-bearing capability, primarily intended for use in buried installations. It is applicable to pipes, fittings and their joints of nominal sizes from DN 50 to DN 4000 which are intended to be used for the conveyance of water at temperatures up to 50 °C, with or without pressure. In a pipework system, pipes and fittings of different nominal pressure and stiffness ratings may be used together.

ISO 8533:2003 specifies methods of test for cemented or wrapped joints for plastics piping systems made of glass-reinforced thermosetting plastics (GRP) for buried and non-buried pipelines. This standard is only applicable to the joint and covers methods of test to prove its design. It assumes that the joint either is or is not intended to be subject to the effects of hydrostatic end thrust. The tests are applicable to cemented or wrapped joints intended to be used in either buried or non-buried applications. The bending tests can be used to prove the design where joints are either intended to be used in buried applications or are intended to be used in particular above-ground situations where the tests may be considered appropriate. With the exception of the bending tests, these test procedures are applicable to joints between pipes and fittings of all nominal sizes. The bending tests are applicable to joints between pipes and fittings up to and including DN 600. The tests are applicable to the evaluation of joints intended for the conveyance of liquids at temperatures specified in the referring standards.

ISO 8483:2003 specifies methods of test for bolted flange joints for plastics piping systems made of glass-reinforced thermosetting plastics (GRP). This standard is only applicable to the joint, and covers methods of test to prove its design. It assumes that the joint either is or is not intended to be subject to the effects of hydrostatic end thrust. These test procedures are applicable to joints between pipes and fittings of all nominal sizes. The tests are applicable for evaluating joints intended for applications conveying liquids at temperatures specified in the referring specifications.

ISO 14828:2003 specifies a method for determining both the long-term specific ring relaxation stiffness and the wet relaxation factor for glass-reinforced thermosetting plastics (GRP) pipes.