ISO/TC 67/SC 6 - Processing equipment and systems

This document is applicable to dry gas sealing systems for axial, centrifugal, and rotary screw compressors and expanders as described in ISO 10439 (all parts), ISO 10440-1 and ISO 10440-2. Although intended for use primarily in oil refineries, it is also applicable to petrochemical facilities, gas plants, liquefied natural gas (LNG) facilities and oil and gas production facilities. The information provided is designed to aid in the selection of the system that is most appropriate for the risks and circumstances involved in various installations. This document does not apply to other types of shaft seals such as clearance seals, restrictive ring seals or oil seals. This document is a supplement to API Std 692, 1st edition (2018), the requirements of which are applicable with the exceptions specified in this document.

This document specifies detailed manufacturing requirements for circular steel and nickel alloy compact flanged connections and associated seal rings, for designated pressures and temperatures in class designations CL 150 (PN 20) to CL 1500 (PN 260) for nominal sizes from DN 15 (NPS ½) to DN 1200 (NPS 48), and for CL 2500 (PN 420) for nominal sizes from DN 15 (NPS ½) to DN 600 (NPS 24). NOTE NPS is expressed in accordance with ASME B36.10M and ASME B36.19M. This document is applicable to welding neck flanges, blind flanges, paddle spacers and spacer blinds (paddle blanks), valve/equipment integral flanges, orifice spacers, reducing threaded flanges and rigid interfaces for use in process piping for the petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries. This document is applicable within a temperature range from −196 °C to +250 °C. This document is not applicable for external pressure.

This document provides objectives, functional requirements and guidelines for techniques for the analysis and design of surface process safety systems for offshore installations used for the recovery of hydrocarbon resources. It also provides recommendations and requirements on support systems which complement the process safety systems in reducing risk. NOTE These are not intended to be exhaustive. The scope of this document is limited to specifying the methods by which the asset is protected against loss of containment of hydrocarbon or other hazardous materials. This document is applicable to a) fixed offshore structures, and b) floating offshore production installations for the petroleum and natural gas industries. This document is not applicable to mobile offshore units and subsea installations. NOTE Nevertheless, many of the principles contained in this document can be used as guidance.

This document is applicable to pressure-relieving and vapour depressuring systems. Although intended for use primarily in oil refineries, it is also applicable to petrochemical facilities, gas plants, Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) facilities and oil and gas production facilities. The information provided is designed to aid in the selection of the system that is most appropriate for the risks and circumstances involved in various installations. This document supplements API Std 521, 6th edition (2014), the requirements of which are applicable with the exceptions specified in this document.

This document specifies requirements and gives recommendations for the mechanical design, material selection, fabrication, inspection, testing and preparation for shipment of shell-and-tube heat exchangers for the petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries. This document supplements API Std 660, 9th edition (2015), the requirements of which are applicable with the exceptions specified in this document. This document is applicable to the following types of shell-and-tube heat exchangers: heaters, condensers, coolers and reboilers. This document is not applicable to vacuum-operated steam surface condensers and feed-water heaters.

This document specifies requirements and provides guidance for the design, testing, installation and commissioning of heating, ventilation, air-conditioning and pressurization systems, and equipment on all offshore production installations for the petroleum and natural gas industries that are — new or existing, — normally occupied by personnel or not normally occupied by personnel, and — fixed or floating but registered as an offshore production installation. This document is normally applicable to the overall facilities. For installations that can be subject to "Class" or "IMO/MODU Codes & Resolutions", the user is referred to HVAC requirements under these rules and resolutions. When these requirements are less stringent than those being considered for a fixed installation, then it is necessary that this document, i.e. requirements for fixed installations, be utilized.

ISO 14692-1:2017 defines the applications, pressure rating methodology, the classification of the products according to application, type of joint and resin matrix and the limitations to both the materials of construction and the dimensions. It also lists the terms, definitions and symbols used and provides guidance in the use and interpretation of ISO 14692-2, ISO 14692-3 and ISO 14692-4. ISO 14692 (all parts) is applicable to GRP piping systems that 1) utilize joints that are capable of restraining axial thrust from internal pressure, temperature change and fluid hydrodynamic forces and 2) have a trapezoidal shape for its design envelope. It is primarily intended for offshore applications on both fixed and floating topsides facilities, but it can also be used for the specification, manufacture, testing and installation of GRP piping systems in other similar applications found onshore, e.g. produced-water, firewater systems and general industrial use. For floating installations, reference is made to the design, construction and certification standards for the hull or vessel, since these can allow alternative codes and standards for GRP piping associated with marine and/or ballast systems. However, it is recommended that ISO 14692 (all parts) be used for such applications to the maximum degree attainable. ISO 14692 (all parts) can also be used as the general basis for specification of pipe used for pump caissons, stilling tubes, I-tubes, seawater lift risers and other similar items.

ISO 14692-3:2017 gives guidelines for the design of GRP piping systems. The requirements and recommendations apply to layout dimensions, hydraulic design, structural design, detailing, fire endurance, spread of fire and emissions and control of electrostatic discharge. This document is intended to be read in conjunction with ISO 14692‑1.

ISO 14692-4:2017 gives requirements and recommendations for the fabrication, installation, inspection and maintenance of GRP piping systems for use in oil and natural gas industry processing and utility service applications. The recommendations apply to delivery, inspection, handling, storage, installation, system pressure testing, maintenance and repair. It is intended to be read in conjunction with ISO 14692‑1.

ISO 14692-2:2017 gives requirements for the qualification and manufacture of GRP piping and fittings in order to enable the purchase of GRP components with known and consistent properties from any source. It is applicable to qualification procedures, preferred dimensions, quality programmes, component marking and documentation. ISO 14692-2:2017 is intended to be read in conjunction with ISO 14692‑1.

ISO 24817:2017 gives requirements and recommendations for the qualification and design, installation, testing and inspection for the external application of composite repair systems to corroded or damaged pipework, pipelines, tanks and vessels used in the petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries.

ISO 17776:2016 describes processes for managing major accident (MA) hazards during the design of offshore oil and gas production installations. It provides requirements and guidance on the development of strategies both to prevent the occurrence of MAs and to limit the possible consequences. It also contains some requirements and guidance on managing MA hazards in operation. ISO 17776:2016 is applicable to the design of - fixed offshore structures, and - floating systems for production, storage and offloading for the petroleum and natural gas industries. The scope includes all credible MA hazards with the potential to have a material effect on people, the environment and assets. This document is intended for the larger projects undertaken to develop new offshore installations. However, the principles are also applicable to small or simple projects or design changes to existing facilities and can also be relevant to onshore production facilities. Mobile offshore units as defined in this document are excluded, although many of the principles can be used as guidance. The design of subsea facilities are also excluded, though the effects of mobile and subsea facilities are considered if they can lead to major accidents that affect an offshore installation. This document does not cover the construction, commissioning, abandonment or security risks associated with offshore installations. The decision to apply the requirements and guidance of this document, in full or in part, is intended to be based on an assessment of the likelihood and possible consequences of MA hazards.

ISO 7121:2016 specifies the requirements for a series of steel ball valves suitable for general-purpose industrial applications. It covers valves of the nominal sizes - DN 8, 10, 15, 20, 25, 32, 40, 50, 65, 80, 100, 150, 200, 250, 300, 350, 400, 450, 500, and 600 (NPS 1/4, 3/8, 1/2, 3/4, 1, 11/4, 11/2, 2, 21/2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20 and 24), and is applicable to the following pressure designations: - PN 10; 16; 25; 40; 63; 100; - Class 150; 300; 600; 800; 900. NOTE Valve characteristics are not necessarily available in all nominal sizes for all pressure designations. For example, Class 800 applies only for valves with threaded end and socket weld ends up to DN 65 (NPS 21/2) and Class 900 applies only for reduced bore body seat openings. It includes provisions for valve characteristics as follows: - flanged and butt-welded ends in sizes 15 ≤ DN ≤ 600 (1/2 ≤ NPS ≤ 24); - socket welding ends in sizes 8 ≤ DN ≤ 100 (1/4 ≤ NPS ≤ 4); - threaded ends in sizes 8 ≤ DN ≤ 50 (1/4 ≤ NPS ≤ 2); - body seat openings designated as full bore, reduced bore and double reduced bore; - materials; - testing and inspection.

ISO 13702:2015 describes the objectives and functional requirements for the control and mitigation of fires and explosions on offshore installations used for the development of hydrocarbon resources. ISO 13702:2015 is applicable to the following: fixed offshore structures; floating systems for production, storage, and offloading; petroleum and natural gas industries.

ISO 13705:2012 specifies requirements and gives recommendations for the design, materials, fabrication, inspection, testing, preparation for shipment, and erection of fired heaters, air heaters, fans and burners for general refinery service. ISO 13705:2012 is not intended to apply to the design of steam reformers or pyrolysis furnaces.

ISO 12211:2012 specifies requirements and gives recommendations for the mechanical design, materials selection, fabrication, inspection, testing and preparation for shipment of spiral plate heat exchangers for the petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries. ISO 12211:2012 is applicable to stand‑alone spiral plate heat exchangers and those integral with a pressure vessel.

ISO 12212:2012 specifies requirements and gives recommendations for the mechanical design, materials selection, fabrication, inspection, testing and preparation for shipment of hairpin heat exchangers for use in the petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries. Hairpin heat exchangers include double-pipe and multi-tube type heat exchangers.

ISO 13706:2011 gives requirements and recommendations for the design, materials, fabrication, inspection, testing and preparation for shipment of air-cooled heat exchangers for use in the petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries. ISO 13706:2011 is applicable to air-cooled heat exchangers with horizontal bundles, but the basic concepts can also be applied to other configurations.

ISO 25457:2008 specifies requirements and provides guidance for the selection, design, specification, operation and maintenance of flares and related combustion and mechanical components used in pressure relieving and vapour-depressurizing systems for petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries. Although ISO 25457:2008 is primarily intended for new flares and related equipment, it can also be used in the evaluation of existing flare facilities. Further guidance and best practices are provided for the selection, specification and mechanical details for flares and on the design, operation and maintenance of flare combustion and related equipment. ISO 25457:2008 also includes a set of data sheets, together with instructions and guidelines, for use in communicating and recording design information.

ISO 14691:2008 specifies the requirements for couplings for the transmission of power between the rotating shafts of two machines for general-purpose applications in the petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries. Such applications typically require couplings to transmit power at speeds not exceeding 4 000 r/min, between machines in which the first lateral critical speed is above the running speed range (stiff-shaft machines). ISO 14691:2008 can, by agreement, be used for applications outside these limits. ISO 14691:2008 is applicable to couplings designed to accommodate parallel (or lateral) offset, angular misalignment and axial displacement of the shafts without imposing excessive mechanical loading on the coupled machines. Couplings covered by ISO 14691:2008 include gear (and other mechanical contact types), metallic flexible-element and various elastomeric types. Such couplings can be of all metal construction or can include components of non-metallic materials, such as composites. ISO 14691:2008 covers design, materials of construction, inspection and testing of couplings and methods of attachment of the coupling to the shafts (including tapered sleeve and other proprietary devices). ISO 14691:2008 does not apply to special types of couplings, such as clutch, hydraulic, eddy-current, rigid and radial-spline types. ISO 14691:2008 does not define criteria for the selection of coupling types for specific applications.

ISO 28300:2008 covers the normal and emergency vapour venting requirements for aboveground liquid petroleum or petroleum products storage tanks and aboveground and underground refrigerated storage tanks designed as atmospheric storage tanks or low-pressure storage tanks. Discussed in ISO 28300:2008 are the causes of overpressure and vacuum; determination of venting requirements; means of venting; selection, and installation of venting devices; and testing and marking of relief devices. ISO 28300:2008 is intended for tanks containing petroleum and petroleum products but it can also be applied to tanks containing other liquids; however, it is necessary to use sound engineering analysis and judgment whenever ISO 28300:2008 is applied to other liquids. ISO 28300:2008 does not apply to external floating-roof tanks.

ISO 10438-3:2007, in conjunction with ISO 10438-1, specifies requirements for oil systems for general-purpose applications. These oil systems can provide lubrication oil, but not seal oil and can serve equipment such as compressors, gears, pumps and drivers.

ISO 10438-2:2007, in conjunction with ISO 10438-1, specifies requirements for oil systems for special-purpose applications. These oil systems can provide lubrication oil, seal oil or both. These systems can serve equipment such as compressors, gears, pumps and drivers.

ISO 10438-1:2007 specifies general requirements for lubrication systems, oil-type shaft-sealing systems, dry-gas face-type shaft-sealing systems and control-oil systems for general- or special-purpose applications. General-purpose applications are limited to lubrication systems. These systems can serve equipment such as compressors, gears, pumps and drivers. ISO 10438-1:2007 is intended to be used in conjunction with ISO 10438-2, ISO 10438-3 or ISO 10438-4, as appropriate.

ISO 13704:2007 specifies the requirements and gives recommendations for the procedures and design criteria used for calculating the required wall thickness of new tubes and associated component fittings for petroleum-refinery heaters. These procedures are appropriate for designing tubes for service in both corrosive and non-corrosive applications. These procedures have been developed specifically for the design of refinery and related process-fired heater tubes (direct-fired, heat-absorbing tubes within enclosures). ISO 13704:2007 does not give recommendations for tube retirement thickness; Annex A describes a technique for estimating the life remaining for a heater tube. The procedures given in ISO 13704:2007 are not intended to be used for the design of external piping.

ISO 10441-2007 specifies the requirements for couplings for the transmission of power between the rotating shafts of two machines in special-purpose applications in the petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries. Such applications are typically in large and/or high speed machines, in services that can be required to operate continuously for extended periods, are often unspared and are critical to the continued operation of the installation. By agreement, it can be used for other applications or services. Couplings covered by ISO 10441-2007 are designed to accommodate parallel (or lateral) offset, angular misalignment and axial displacement of the shafts without imposing unacceptable mechanical loading on the coupled machines. It is applicable to gear, metallic flexible element, quill shaft and torsionally resilient type couplings. ISO 10441-2007 covers the design, materials of construction, manufacturing quality, inspection and testing of special-purpose couplings. ISO 10441-2007 does not define criteria for the selection of coupling types for specific applications. ISO 10441-2007 is not applicable to other types of couplings, such as clutch, hydraulic, eddy-current, rigid, radial spline, chain and bellows types.

ISO 15547-2:2005 gives requirements and recommendations for the mechanical design, materials selection, fabrication, inspection, testing, and preparation for shipment of brazed aluminium plate-fin heat exchangers for use in petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries.

ISO 15547-1:2005 gives requirements and recommendations for the mechanical design, materials selection, fabrication, inspection, testing, and preparation for shipment of plate-and-frame heat exchangers for use in petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries. It is applicable to gasketed, semi-welded and welded plate-and-frame heat exchangers.

ISO 10437:2003 specifies requirements and gives recommendations for the design, materials, fabrication, inspection, testing and preparation for shipment of special-purpose steam turbines. It also covers the related lube-oil systems, instrumentation, control systems and auxiliary equipment. It is not applicable to general-purpose steam turbines, which are covered in ISO 10436.

1.1 This International Standard specifies the requirements for design and construction of piping for the petroleum and natural gas industries, including associated inspection and testing. 1.2 This International Standard is applicable to all piping within facilities engaged in the processing or handling of chemical, petroleum, natural gas or related products. EXAMPLE Petroleum refinery, loading terminal, natural gas processing plant (including liquefied natural gas facilities), offshore oil and gas production platforms, chemical plant, bulk plant, compounding plant, tank farm. 1.3 This International Standard is also applicable to packaged equipment piping which interconnects individual pieces or stages of equipment within a packaged equipment assembly for use within facilities engaged in the processing or handling of chemical, petroleum, natural gas or related products. 1.4 This International Standard is not applicable to transportation pipelines and associated plant. EXAMPLE Pipeline pump station, pipeline compressor station, pipeline tank farm, offshore platform risers up to and including pig launching facility.

This International Standard describes objectives, functional requirements and guidelines for emergency response (ER) measures on installations used for the development of offshore hydrocarbon resources. It is applicable to fixed offshore structures or floating production, storage and off-take systems. NOTE For mobile offshore units, the ER plans developed in conformance with the requirements and recommendations of the International Maritime Organization (IMO) are generally adequate for the normal, independent operation of the unit in most locations. The following aspects of ER planning are generally not addressed by IMO and should be specially considered: _ area evacuation, e.g. precautionary evacuation in areas of tropical revolving storms; _ combined operations wherein an integrated command and ER system should be developed; _ arctic operations; _ uncontrolled flow from a well.

ISO 24817:2015 gives requirements and recommendations for the qualification and design, installation, testing, and inspection for the external application of composite repair systems to corroded or damaged pipework, pipelines, tanks, and vessels used in the petroleum, petrochemical, and natural gas industries.

ISO 27509:2012 specifies detailed manufacturing requirements for circular steel and nickel alloy compact flanged connections and associated seal rings, for designated pressures and temperatures in class designations CL 150 (PN 20) to CL 1500 (PN 260) for nominal sizes from DN 15 (NPS ½) to DN 1200 (NPS 48), and for CL 2500 (PN 420) for nominal sizes from DN 15 (NPS ½) to DN 600 (NPS 24). ISO 27509:2012 is applicable to welding neck flanges, blind flanges, paddle spacers and spacer blinds (paddle blanks), valve/equipment integral flanges, orifice spacers, reducing threaded flanges and rigid interfaces for use in process piping for the petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries. ISO 27509:2012 is applicable within a temperature range from -196 °C to +250 °C. ISO 27509:2012 is not applicable for external pressure.

ISO/TS 27469:2010 specifies a method for determining the following: ability of fire dampers installed in ventilation systems to prevent the spread of fire and heat through designated fire divisions; typical ratings are given in ISO 13702:1999, Table C.5. fire damper operational reliability in the petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries, particularly offshore installations; ability of fire dampers installed in ventilation systems to withstand blast overpressures that may result from the explosion of a flammable gas. ISO/TS 27469:2010 applies to different start-up operations for different types of furnace and, therefore, tolerances in test conditions at the beginning of the test are not described in detail. The fire test enables only a limited assessment of the actuating mechanism being carried out and additional tests can be necessary to fully evaluate its operational reliability.

ISO 15138:2007 specifies requirements and provides guidance for design, testing, installation and commissioning of heating, ventilation, air-conditioning and pressurization systems and equipment on all offshore production installations for the petroleum and natural gas industries that are new or existing, normally occupied by personnel, or not normally occupied by personnel; or fixed or floating but registered as an offshore production installation. For installations that can be subject to "Class" or "IMO/MODU Codes & Resolutions", the user is referred to HVAC requirements under these rules and resolutions. When these requirements are less stringent than those being considered for a fixed installation, then it is necessary that ISO 15138:2007, i.e. requirements for fixed installations, be utilized.

ISO 10438-4:2007 in conjunction with ISO 10438-1 specifies requirements for support systems for self-acting gas seals (dry gas seals), for example as described in ISO 10439 and ISO 10440-1. These systems can serve equipment such as compressors, gears, pumps and drivers.

ISO 16812:2007 specifies requirements and gives recommendations for the mechanical design, material selection, fabrication, inspection, testing and preparation for shipment of shell-and-tube heat exchangers for the petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries. ISO 16812:2007 is applicable to the following types of shell-and-tube heat exchangers: heaters, condensers, coolers and reboilers. ISO 16812:2007 is not applicable to vacuum-operated steam surface condensers and feed-water heaters.

ISO/TS 24817:2006 gives requirements and recommendations for the qualification and design, installation, testing and inspection for the external application of composite repairs to corroded or damaged pipework used in the petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries.

ISO 13705:2006 specifies requirements and gives recommendations for the design, materials, fabrication, inspection, testing, preparation for shipment, and erection of fired heaters, air preheaters, fans and burners for general refinery service.

ISO 23251:2006 is applicable to pressure-relieving and vapour-depressuring systems. Although intended for use primarily in oil refineries, it is also applicable to petrochemical facilities, gas plants, liquefied natural gas (LNG) facilities and oil and gas production facilities. The information provided is designed to aid in the selection of the system that is most appropriate for the risks and circumstances involved in various installations. ISO 23251:2006 is intended to supplement the practices set forth in ISO 4126 or API RP 520-1 for establishing a basis of design. ISO 23251:2006 specifies requirements and gives guidelines for examining the principal causes of overpressure; and determining individual relieving rates; and selecting and designing disposal systems, including such component parts as piping, vessels, flares, and vent stacks. ISO 23251:2006 does not apply to direct-fired steam boilers.

ISO 13706:2005 gives requirements and recommendations for the design, materials, fabrication, inspection, testing and preparation for shipment of air-cooled heat exchangers for use in the petroleum and natural gas industries. ISO 13706:2005 is applicable to air-cooled heat exchangers with horizontal bundles, but the basic concepts can also be applied to other configurations.

ISO 10438-2:2003 specifies requirements for oil systems supplying oil to compressors requiring seal oil, and to other machines, in special-purpose applications for use in the petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries. It is intended to be used in conjunction with ISO 10438-1. ISO 10438 in its entirety specifies requirements for lubrication systems, oil-type shaft-sealing systems, self-acting gas seal systems, control-oil systems and other auxiliaries for general- or special-purpose applications. These systems can serve equipment such as compressors, gears, pumps and drivers. None of the parts of ISO 10438 is applicable to internal combustion engines.

ISO 10438-4:2003 specifies requirements for support systems for self-acting gas seals (dry gas seals) as described in ISO 10439, for use in the petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries. It is intended to be used in conjunction with ISO 10438-1. ISO 10438 in its entirety specifies requirements for lubrication systems, oil-type shaft-sealing systems, self-acting gas seal systems, control-oil systems and other auxiliaries for general- or special-purpose applications. These systems can serve equipment such as compressors, gears, pumps and drivers. None of the parts of ISO 10438 is applicable to internal combustion engines. Schemas of typical dry-gas seal support systems are provided.

ISO 10438-1:2003 specifies general requirements for lubrication, shaft-sealing and control-oil systems and auxiliaries for use in the petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries. It is intended to be used in conjunction with ISO 10438-2, ISO 10438-3 or ISO 10438-4, as appropriate. ISO 10438 in its entirety specifies requirements for lubrication systems, oil-type shaft-sealing systems, self-acting gas seal systems, control-oil systems and other auxiliaries for general- or special-purpose applications. These systems can serve equipment such as compressors, gears, pumps and drivers. None of the parts of ISO 10438 is applicable to internal combustion engines.

ISO 10438-3:2003 specifies requirements for oil systems supplying lubricating oil to machines in general-purpose applications for use in the petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries. It is intended to be used in conjunction with ISO 10438-1. ISO 10438 in its entirety specifies requirements for lubrication systems, oil-type shaft-sealing systems, self-acting gas seal systems, control-oil systems and other auxiliaries for general- or special-purpose applications. These systems can serve equipment such as compressors, gears, pumps and drivers. General-purpose applications are limited to lubrication systems. None of the parts of ISO 10438 is applicable to internal combustion engines. Typical schemas for general-purpose oil systems are provided.

ISO 10418:2003 provides objectives, functional requirements and guidelines for techniques for the analysis, design and testing of surface process safety systems for offshore installations for the recovery of hydrocarbon resources. The basic concepts associated with the analysis and design of a process safety system for an offshore oil and gas production facility are described, together with examples of the application to typical (simple) process components. These examples are contained in the annexes of ISO 10418:2003. ISO 10418:2003 is applicable to fixed offshore structures, floating production, storage and off-take systems for the petroleum and natural gas industries. ISO 10418:2003 is not applicable to mobile offshore units and subsea installations, although many of the principles contained in it may be used as guidance.