ISO/DIS 11452-9

Road vehicles -- Component test methods for electrical disturbances from narrowband radiated electromagnetic energy

Véhicules routiers -- Méthodes d'essai d'un équipement soumis à des perturbations électriques par rayonnement d'énergie électromagnétique en bande étroite

Standards Content (sample)

DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
ISO/DIS 11452-9
ISO/TC 22/SC 32 Secretariat: JISC
Voting begins on: Voting terminates on:
2020-07-15 2020-10-07
Road vehicles — Component test methods for electrical
disturbances from narrowband radiated electromagnetic
energy —
Part 9:
Portable transmitters

Véhicules routiers — Méthodes d'essai d'un équipement soumis à des perturbations électriques par

rayonnement d'énergie électromagnétique en bande étroite —
Partie 9: Émetteurs portables
ICS: 33.100.20; 43.040.10
THIS DOCUMENT IS A DRAFT CIRCULATED
FOR COMMENT AND APPROVAL. IT IS
THEREFORE SUBJECT TO CHANGE AND MAY
NOT BE REFERRED TO AS AN INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD UNTIL PUBLISHED AS SUCH.
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL,
This document is circulated as received from the committee secretariat.
TECHNOLOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND
USER PURPOSES, DRAFT INTERNATIONAL
STANDARDS MAY ON OCCASION HAVE TO
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POTENTIAL TO BECOME STANDARDS TO
WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE MADE IN
Reference number
NATIONAL REGULATIONS.
ISO/DIS 11452-9:2020(E)
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED
TO SUBMIT, WITH THEIR COMMENTS,
NOTIFICATION OF ANY RELEVANT PATENT
RIGHTS OF WHICH THEY ARE AWARE AND TO
PROVIDE SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION. ISO 2020
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ISO/DIS 11452-9:2020(E)
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© ISO 2020

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ii © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved
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ISO/DIS 11452-9:2020(E)
Contents Page

Foreword ............................................................................................................................................................ iv

1 Scope ...................................................................................................................................................... 1

2 Normative references ............................................................................................................................ 1

3 Terms and definitions ........................................................................................................................... 1

4 Test conditions ...................................................................................................................................... 1

5 Test Location ......................................................................................................................................... 2

6 Test Instrumentation ............................................................................................................................. 2

6.1 General ................................................................................................................................................... 2

6.2 Simulated portable transmitters .......................................................................................................... 2

7 Test set-up ............................................................................................................................................. 5

7.1 Ground plane ......................................................................................................................................... 5

7.2 LV power supply system ...................................................................................................................... 5

7.3 HV power supply system ...................................................................................................................... 6

7.4 Location of the DUT .............................................................................................................................. 6

7.5 Location of the test harness ................................................................................................................ 7

7.6 Location of the load simulator ............................................................................................................. 7

7.7 Location of the simulated portable transmitter equipment. ............................................................. 7

8 Test procedure ..................................................................................................................................... 15

8.1 General ................................................................................................................................................. 15

8.2 Test plan ............................................................................................................................................... 15

8.3 Test procedure ..................................................................................................................................... 16

8.4 Test report ............................................................................................................................................ 30

Annex A (normative) Net Power Characterisation Procedure ...................................................................... 31

A.1 Introduction .......................................................................................................................................... 31

A.2 Vector network analyser calibration .................................................................................................. 33

A.3 Directional Coupler Parameter Verification ...................................................................................... 34

A.4 Transmit Antenna Reflection Coefficient Measurement ................................................................. 38

A.5 Characterization of VSWR and Transmission Loss of the Antenna Interconnect ........................ 38

A.6 Characterization of Transmission Loss for the Coupler/Antenna Interconnect ........................... 39

A.7 Characterization of VSWR and Transmission Loss for the coupler/Power Sensor

Interconnect ......................................................................................................................................... 40

Annex B (informative) Typical characteristics and use of portable transmitters ....................................... 42

Annex C (informative) Characteristics of simulated portable transmitter antenna ................................... 46

C.1 Introduction .......................................................................................................................................... 46

C.1 Broadband dipole antenna ................................................................................................................. 46

C.2 Broadband Sleeve antenna ................................................................................................................ 49

C.3 Sleeve antenna .................................................................................................................................... 53

C.4 Folded dipole antenna ........................................................................................................................ 57

C.5 Microwave Broadband Dipole antenna ............................................................................................. 63

C.6 HF Broadband Sleeve antenna .......................................................................................................... 66

Annex D (informative) Function performance status classification (FPSC) ............................................... 69

D.1 General ................................................................................................................................................. 69

D.2 Classification of test severity levels .................................................................................................. 69

D.3 Example of FPSC application, using test severity levels ................................................................ 69

Annex E (informative) Remote/local grounding ............................................................................................. 70

E.1 DUT remotely grounded ...................................................................................................................... 70

E.2 DUT locally grounded ......................................................................................................................... 70

Annex F (Informative) Broadband noise source by AWG: Arbitrary Waveform Generator ...................... 72

F.1 Introduction .......................................................................................................................................... 72

F.2 Principles of band-limited broadband signal generation ................................................................ 72

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ISO/DIS 11452-9:2020(E)
Foreword

ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies

(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO

technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been

established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and

non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International

Electro-technical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electro-technical standardization.

International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.

The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards

adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an

International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.

Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent

rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.

This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 22, Road vehicles, Subcommittee SC 32,

Electrical and electronic equipment.

This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 11452-9: 2012), which has been technically

revised.
The main changes compared to the previous edition are as follows:
a) change of the frequency range from 26 MHz – 5,95 GHz to 142 MHz – 6 GHz;
b) suppression of test methodology with commercial transmitters
c) use of modulation from ISO 11452-1;
d) precisions for ground plane dimensions;

e) introduction to reference to additional artificial networks (HV-AN, AMN, AAN) for DUT powered by a shielded

power system
f) addition of test set-up descriptions and Figures for HV power supply system
g) precision for DUT, connector and harness testing

h) new normative annex A with description of test methodology for net power characterisation procedure

i) addition in annex C of microwave broadband dipole antenna and HF broadband sleeve antenna

j) new informative annex F on broadband noise source with arbitrary waveform generator

A list of all parts in the ISO 11452- series can be found on the ISO website. Any feedback or questions on this

document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A complete listing of these bodies can be

found at www.iso.org/members.html.
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DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/DIS 11452-9:2020(E)
Road vehicles — Component test methods for electrical
disturbances from narrowband radiated electromagnetic energy —
Part 9: Portable transmitters
1 Scope

This part of ISO 11452 specifies test methods and procedures for testing electromagnetic immunity of electronic

components for passenger cars and commercial vehicles to portable transmitters in close proximity, regardless of the

propulsion system (e.g. spark-ignition engine, diesel engine, electric motor). The device under test (DUT), together with

the wiring harness (prototype or standard test harness), is subjected to an electromagnetic disturbance generated by

portable transmitters inside an absorber-lined shielded enclosure, with peripheral devices either inside or outside the

enclosure. The electromagnetic disturbances considered are limited to continuous narrowband electromagnetic fields.

2 Normative references

The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only

the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any

amendments) applies.

ISO 11452-1, Road vehicles — Component test methods for electrical disturbances from narrowband radiated

electromagnetic energy — Part 1: General principles and terminology

Guidelines for Limiting Exposure to Time-Varying Electric, Magnetic, and Electromagnetic Fields (up to 300 GHz).

International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP)
3 Terms and definitions

For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 11452-1 apply.

ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:

—IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
—ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp
4 Test conditions
The applicable frequency range of the test method is 142 MHz to 6 GHz.

The user of this International Standard shall specify the test severity level or levels over the frequency bands. The test

severity level shall take into account

— typical portable transmitter characteristics (frequency bands, power level and modulation), and

— the characteristics of the antenna(s) used for this test.

The user shall specify the test severity level(s) over the frequency range. Suggested test levels are included in Annex

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ISO/DIS 11452-9:2020(E)
Standard test conditions are given in ISO 11452-1 for the following:
— test temperature;
— supply voltage;
— dwell time;
— test signal quality.
— frequency steps
— modulation

NOTE Alternate modulations, if required, may be found in Annex B. Users of this International Standard are advised that Annex B is

for information only and cannot be considered as an exhaustive description of various portable transmitters available in all countries.

5 Test Location

The test shall be performed in an absorber lined shielded enclosure (ALSE), optionally excluding absorbers on the floor

6 Test Instrumentation
6.1 General

The field-generating device shall be simulated portable transmitters, with a broadband amplifier connected to a transmit

antenna.
Test personnel shall be protected in accordance with ICNIRP Guidelines.
NOTE National or other regulations can apply.
6.2 Simulated portable transmitters
General
The following equipment is used:
- ground plane;

- radio frequency (RF) generator with internal or external modulation capability;

- power amplifier;
- power measuring instrumentation to measure the forward and reverse power;
- dual directional coupler;
- low loss coaxial cables;
- Vector Network Analyzer (VNA);
- transmit antenna;

- artificial networks (AN), and/or high voltage artificial networks (HV-AN), and/or artificial mains networks (AMN),

and/or asymmetric artificial networks (AAN);

Figure 1 illustrates the basic setup for the RF generation equipment. Testing is based on a required net power (PNA)

applied to the test antenna. The net power level is derived from the forward power (PFM) measured at the directional

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ISO/DIS 11452-9:2020(E)

coupler, which is remotely connected to the transmit antenna via low loss coaxial cable. Requirements on directional

coupler, cable and power sensors are listed in 6.2.2 to 6.2.4. The procedures delineated in Annex A shall be used

determine the required forward power to achieve the net power levels listed in Annex A or within the test plan.

Although not required, it is highly recommended to use a single directional coupler to cover the entire frequency band.

P P
1 3
4 4
P P
FM RM
1 RF signal generator P : Measured Forward Power at the
directional coupler
2 RF amplifier
P : Measured Reverse Power at the
3 Dual Directional Coupler
directional coupler
4 Power Sensor or measurement receiver
P : Net Power delivered to antenna
5 Low loss coaxial cable with transmission loss
6 Transmit Antenna
Figure 1 — RF Generation Equipment Setup
Dual Directional Coupler
The coupler shall exhibit the following characteristics:
— Coupling Factor: > 20 dB (40 dB recommended)
— Mainline port VSWR: < 1,3
— Coupling Port VSWR: < 1,5
— Mainline Transmission Loss: < 0,5 dB
— Directivity: > 18 dB

Selection of coupling factor (20 – 40 dB) must be compatible with the sensitivity of the measurement equipment used

to measure forward and reflected power (see 6.2.3 for details).
Power monitoring

Either power sensors or a spectrum analyzer (or measurement receiver) shall be used for measurement of the forward

and reflected power at the dual directional coupler.
When power sensors are used to measure forward and reflected power:

- CW or AM signal shall be measured either with an average or peak power sensor (peak conservation may be

applied for AM per ISO 11452-1).
- pulsed power modulation shall be measured with a peak envelope power sensor.
- power sensors should be connected directly to the coupler ports
- power sensors shall exhibit a VSWR < 1,2 and a measurement accuracy < 0,5 dB.
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ISO/DIS 11452-9:2020(E)

When a spectrum analyzer (or measurement receiver) is used to measure forward and reflected power, it shall exhibit

the same VSWR and measurement accuracy as required for power sensors.

When the sensors or a spectrum analyzer (or measurement receiver) are connected to the coupler via coaxial cables,

the cable’s transmission loss must be taken into account during characterization. See Annex A for details.

Low loss coaxial cable

The 50 ohms coaxial cable assembly (including all adaptors, switches etc) connecting the dual directional coupler to

the transmit antenna shall exhibit a VSWR < 1,1 and transmission loss < 4 dB. Verification shall be performed in

accordance with Annex A.
Vector Network Analyzer (VNA)
The VNA shall exhibit the following characteristics:
- Frequency range: 142 MHz – 6 GHz
- Frequency step: specified by the manufacturer (logarithmic step recommended)
- Dynamic range: > 60 dB (IF bandwidth < 3 kHz)
- Return Loss: > 32 dB
- Transmission loss accuracy: < 0.1 dB
- Power level : 0 dBm (recommended value)
- Minimum averaging factor (optional)
- Minimum number of points : 401 (with logarithmic sweep)

- IF bandwidth : Selected to meet return and transmission loss requirements (typically 1 kHz)

- VNA calibration kit to facilitate TSOM (Transmission, Short, Open, Matched) measurements

o Termination Through : return loss > 35 dB
o Termination Short / Open : deviation in nominal phase < 2 degrees
o Termination Match : return loss > 40 dB

o It is recommended to use the same connector type to match that of the interconnecting cable assembly

and transmit antenna (avoid using adaptors)
Transmit Antenna

The transmit antenna shall be a passive antenna. For accurate exposure during testing, the following commercially

available antennas are listed in Table 1.

Details associated with each antenna are found in Annex C. Only one type of antenna is required for the frequency

range being tested.
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ISO/DIS 11452-9:2020(E)
Table 1 Transmit Antenna Types
Antenna Description Frequency Coverage
Folded dipole antennas 142 – 246 MHz
(1)
Sleeve antennas 380 – 460 MHz
Broadband dipole antenna 360 – 2700 MHz
Broadband sleeve antenna 700 – 3200 MHz
Microwave Broadband dipole antenna 2000 – 6000 MHz
HF Broadband sleeve antenna 2400 – 6000 MHz
(1) Requires antenna tuning for selected test frequencies (see Annex
Stimulation and monitoring of the DUT

The DUT shall be operated in accordance with the test plan by actuators which have a minimum effect on the

electromagnetic characteristics, for example plastic blocks on the push-buttons, pneumatic actuators with plastic tubes.

Connections to equipment monitoring electromagnetic interference reactions of the DUT may be accomplished by using

fibre-optics or high-resistance leads. Other types of leads may be used but require extreme care to minimize

interactions. The orientation, length and location of such leads shall be carefully documented to ensure repeatability of

test results.

CAUTION — Any electrical connection of monitoring equipment to the DUT could cause malfunctions of the

DUT. Extreme care shall be taken to avoid such an effect.
7 Test set-up
7.1 Ground plane

The ground plane shall be made of 0,5 mm thick (minimum) copper, brass or galvanized steel.

The minimum width of the ground plane shall be 1 000 mm, or the width of the entire underneath of the test setup (DUT

and associated equipment (e.g. harness including supply lines, load simulator located on the test bench and AN(s)),

excluding battery and/or power supply) plus 200 mm, whichever is the larger.

The minimum length of the ground plane shall be 2 000 mm, or the length of the entire underneath of the test setup

(DUT and associated equipment (e.g. harness including supply lines, load simulator located on the test bench and

AN(s)), excluding battery and/or power supply) plus 200 mm, whichever is the larger.

The height of the ground plane (test bench) shall be (900  100) mm above the floor.

The ground plane shall be bonded to the shielded enclosure such that the DC resistance shall not exceed 2,5 mΩ. The

distance from the edge of the ground strap to the edge of the next strap shall not be greater than 300 mm. The maximum

length to width ratio for the ground straps shall be 7:1.
7.2 LV power supply system

Figures 2 and 3 show the test bench setup when using only a LV power supply system.

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ISO/DIS 11452-9:2020(E)

Each DUT power supply lead shall be connected to the power supply through an artificial network (AN).

Power shall be applied to the DUT via a 5 µH/50  AN. Whether two ANs or only one is required depends on the

intended DUT installation in the vehicle:

— for remotely grounded DUTs (vehicle power return line longer than 200 mm), two ANs are required. One AN for the

positive supply line and the other AN for the power return line (see Annex E)

— for locally grounded DUTs (vehicle power return line 200 mm or shorter), only one AN is required, for the positive

supply (see Annex E)

The AN(s) shall be mounted directly on the ground plane. AN cases shall be bonded to the ground plane.

The power supply return shall be connected to the ground plane, between the power supply and the AN(s).

The measuring port of each AN shall be terminated with a 50  load.
7.3 HV power supply system
Figures 4 to 7 show the test bench setup when using an HV power supply system

Each DUT power supply lead shall be connected to the power supply through an HV AN (for DUT with DC HV supply)

and/or AMN (for DUT with AC supply).

— DC HV supply shall be applied to the DUT via a 5 μH/50 Ω HV AN (see ISO 11452-1:2015, Annex B for the

schematic).

— AC supply shall be applied to the DUT via a 50 μH/50 Ω AMN (see ISO 11452-1:2015, Annex B for the schematic).

The HV AN(s) shall be mounted directly on the ground plane. The case or cases of the HV AN(s) shall be bonded to

the ground plane.
The measuring port of each HV AN(s) shall be terminated with a 50 Ω load.

The vehicle HV battery should be used; otherwise the external HV power supply shall be connected via feed-through-

filtering.

Shielded supply lines for the positive HV DC terminal line (HV+), the negative HV DC terminal line (HV-) and three

phase HV AC lines may be separate coaxial cables or in a common shield depending on the connector system used.

The shielded harnesses used for this test shall be representative of the vehicle application in terms of cable construction

and connector termination as defined in the test plan.

For the charger, the AMN(s) shall be mounted on the test facility floor ground plane. The case or cases of the AMN(s)

shall be bonded to the test facility floor ground plane. The charger PE (protective earth) line shall be bounded to the

test set-up ground plane and to the AMN(s) PE connection.

The measuring port of each HV AN(s) / AMN(s) shall be terminated with a 50 Ω load.

7.4 Location of the DUT

For LV power supply system, unless otherwise specified, the DUT shall be placed on non-conductive material of low

relative permittivity (dielectric constant) (εr ≤ 1,4) at least 50 mm above the ground plane. The height shall be selected

to assure that no portion of the transmit antenna is any closer than 50 mm to the ground plane. The DUT height selected

shall be documented in the test plan.

The case of the DUT shall not be grounded to the ground plane unless it is intended to simulate the actual vehicle

configuration.

For HV power supply system, unless otherwise specified, the DUT shall be placed directly on the ground plane with the

DUT case bonded to the ground plane either directly or via defined impedance.
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ISO/DIS 11452-9:2020(E)
The DUT shall be located at least 100 mm from the edge of the ground plane.
7.5 Location of the test harness

For LV power supply system, the total length of the test harness between the DUT and the load simulator (or the RF

boundary) shall be (1 700 +300/­0) mm. The part of the test harness parallel to the front edge of the ground plane shall

be at least 1400 mm.

For HV power supply system, unless otherwise specified in the test plan (e.g. use of original vehicle harnesses), the

total length of harnesses shall be as follows:
+300

— (1 700 ) mm for the LV lines and the length of the LV test harness parallel to the front of the ground plane

shall be at least 1400 mm;
+300

— (1 700 ) mm for the HV lines and the length of the HV test harness parallel to the front of the ground plane

shall be at least 1400 mm; and

— less than 1 000 mm for the three phase lines between DUT and electric motor(s).

NOTE: If the HV test harness is over 2 000 mm, the HV test harness length should be defined in the test plan and

described in the test report.

The wiring type (e.g. single wires, twisted wire pairs) is defined by the actual system application and requirement.

The test harness shall be placed on non-conductive material of low relative permittivity (dielectric constant) (r  1,4) at

(50  5) mm above the ground plane.

The LV test harness shall be located at least 200 mm from the edge of the ground plane. The long segment of the

+100
100 mm
shielded HV power harness, if present, shall be located at from the LV harness.

For inverter / charger device the setup in Figures 6 and 7 are examples for further HV and LV load simulators and

supplies attached to the DUT, like e.g. for testing an on-board charger and its communication links. The distance

+100
100 mm
between the AC power lines and the closest harness (LV or HV) shall be .
7.6 Location of the load simulator

Unless otherwise specified in the test plan, the load simulator (designed to simulate typical loading as in the vehicle)

shall be placed directly on the ground plane. If the load simulator has a metallic case, this case shall be bonded to the

ground plane.

Alternatively, the load simulator may be located adjacent to the ground plane (with the case of the load simulator bonded

to the ground plane) or outside of the test chamber, provided the test harness from the DUT passes through an RF

boundary bonded to the ground plane. The layout of the test harness that is connected to the load simulator shall be

defined in the test plan and recorded in the test report.

When the load simulator is located on the ground plane, the DC power supply lines of the load simulator shall be

connected through the AN(s).
7.7 Location of the simulated portable transmitter equipment.

The interconnection between the directional coupler and the transmit antenna is a critical factor in minimizing error in

the net power delivered to the antenna.
There are two alternative configurations:
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ISO/DIS 11452-9:2020(E)

— Configuration1 locates the RF signal generation equipment, dual directional coupler and power monitoring

equipment outside of the ALSE. In this configuration, th
...