ISO/IEC 23634:2022
(Main)Information technology — Automatic identification and data capture techniques — JAB Code polychrome bar code symbology specification
Information technology — Automatic identification and data capture techniques — JAB Code polychrome bar code symbology specification
This document defines the requirements for the symbology known as JAB Code. It specifies the JAB Code symbology characteristics, symbol structure, symbol dimensions, symbol cascading rules, data character encodation, error correction rules, user-selectable application parameters, print quality requirements and a reference decode algorithm.
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INTERNATIONAL ISO/IEC
STANDARD 23634
First edition
2022-04
Information technology — Automatic
identification and data capture
techniques — JAB Code polychrome
bar code symbology specification
Reference number
ISO/IEC 23634:2022(E)
© ISO/IEC 2022
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ISO/IEC 23634:2022(E)
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© ISO/IEC 2022
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ISO/IEC 23634:2022(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .v
Introduction . vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms, definitions, abbreviated terms and symbols . 1
3.1 Terms and definitions . 1
3.2 Abbreviated terms . 2
3.3 Mathematical symbols . 3
3.4 Mathematical and logical operations . 3
4 Symbol description. 4
4.1 Basic characteristics . 4
4.2 Summary of additional features . 5
4.3 Symbol structure . 5
4.3.1 Square primary symbol . 5
4.3.2 Rectangle primary symbol . 5
4.3.3 Square secondary symbol . 5
4.3.4 Rectangle secondary symbol . 5
4.3.5 Symbol side size . 7
4.3.6 Module dimension . 9
4.3.7 Finder pattern . 9
4.3.8 Alignment pattern . . 10
4.3.9 Colour palette . 13
4.3.10 Metadata .13
4.3.11 Encoded data . 14
4.4 Metadata structure . 14
4.4.1 Metadata of a primary symbol . 14
4.4.2 Metadata of a secondary symbol . 16
4.4.3 Metadata error correction encoding . 18
4.4.4 Reserved modules for metadata and colour palette. 18
4.5 Symbol Cascading . 20
4.5.1 Symbol docking rules . 20
4.5.2 Symbol decoding order .20
5 Symbol generation .24
5.1 Encoding procedure overview . 24
5.2 Data analysis . 25
5.3 Encoding modes. 25
5.3.1 Encoding modes and character set . 25
5.3.2 Uppercase mode . .26
5.3.3 Lowercase mode . 27
5.3.4 Numeric mode .28
5.3.5 Punctuation mode .28
5.3.6 Mixed mode .28
5.3.7 Alphanumeric mode .28
5.3.8 Byte mode .29
5.3.9 Extended Channel Interpretation (ECI) mode .29
5.3.10 FNC1 mode .29
5.4 Error correction . 29
5.4.1 Error correction levels .29
5.4.2 Error correction parameters.30
5.4.3 Padding Bits . 30
5.4.4 Generating the error correction stream . 31
5.5 Data interleaving . 31
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ISO/IEC 23634:2022(E)
5.6 Metadata module reservation . 31
5.7 Data module encoding and placement . 32
5.8 Data masking . 33
5.8.1 Data masking rules . 33
5.8.2 Data mask patterns . 33
5.8.3 Evaluation of data masking results .34
5.9 Metadata generation and module placement .34
6 Reference decode algorithm .35
6.1 Decoding procedure overview .35
6.2 Pre-processing image and classifying colours . 35
6.3 Locating finder patterns .36
6.4 Locating alignment patterns. 41
6.5 Establishing sampling grid and sampling symbol .44
6.6 Decoding metadata and constructing colour palettes . 45
6.7 Decoding the data stream . 47
6.8 Locating and decoding secondary symbols .48
7 Transmitted Data .49
7.1 General principles .49
7.2 Protocol for FNC1 .49
7.3 Protocol for ECIs .49
7.4 Symbology identifier .49
8 JAB-Code symbol quality .50
8.1 Symbol quality evaluation . 50
8.2 JAB-Code verification parameter according to ISO/IEC 15415 .50
8.2.1 Decode . 50
8.2.2 Unused Error Correction .50
8.2.3 Grid non-uniformity . 51
8.2.4 Fixed Pattern Damage . 51
8.2.5 Symbol contrast, modulation and reflectance margin .53
8.3 JAB-Code colour verification .54
8.3.1 Colour Palette Accuracy . .54
8.3.2 Colour Variation in Data Modules .54
Annex A (informative) User guidelines .56
Annex B (informative) Error detection and correction.58
Annex C (normative) Error correction matrix generation for metadata .61
Annex D (informative) JAB Code symbol encoding example .62
Annex E (informative) Optimization of bit stream length .64
Annex F (informative) Interleaving algorithm .66
Annex G (informative) Guidelines for module colour selection and colour palette
construction .67
Annex H (normative) Symbology identifier .71
Bibliography .72
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ISO/IEC 23634:2022(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical
Commission) form the specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that are
members of ISO or IEC participate in the development of International Standards through technical
committees established by the respective organization to deal with particular fields of technical
activity. ISO and IEC technical committees collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other international
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the
work.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance
are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria
needed for the different types of document should be noted. This document was drafted in
accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives or
www.iec.ch/members_experts/refdocs).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject
of patent rights. ISO and IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent
rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the
Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents) or the IEC
list of patent declarations received (see patents.iec.ch).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to
the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see
www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html. In the IEC, see www.iec.ch/understanding-standards.
This document was prepared by Joint Technical Committee ISO/IEC JTC 1, Information technology,
Subcommittee SC 31, Automatic identification and data capture techniques.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards
body. A complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html and
www.iec.ch/national-committees.
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ISO/IEC 23634:2022(E)
Introduction
JAB Code is a colour-based, two-dimensional matrix symbology whose basic symbols are made up
of colourful modules, arranged in either square or rectangle grids. JAB Code has two types of basic
symbols: a primary symbol and the secondary symbol. A JAB Code contains one primary symbol, and
optionally, multiple secondary symbols. A primary symbol contains four finder patterns, located at the
corners of the symbol. Secondary symbols contain finder pattern.
A secondary symbol can be docked to a primary symbol, or another docked secondary symbol, in either
a horizontal or vertical direction. JAB Code can encode from small to large amounts of data, correlated
to user-specified percentages of the error correction.
Both manufacturers and users of bar code equipment require publicly available symbology standards
when developing equipment and application standards. The publication of standardised symbology
specifications, such as this one, are designed to achieve this.
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INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC 23634:2022(E)
Information technology — Automatic identification and
data capture techniques — JAB Code polychrome bar code
symbology specification
IMPORTANT — The electronic file of this document contains colours which are considered to be
useful for the correct understanding of the document. Users should therefore consider printing
this document using a colour printer.
1 Scope
This document defines the requirements for the symbology known as JAB Code. It specifies the JAB
Code symbology characteristics, symbol structure, symbol dimensions, symbol cascading rules, data
character encodation, error correction rules, user-selectable application parameters, print quality
requirements and a reference decode algorithm.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO/IEC 646, Information technology — ISO 7-bit coded character set for information interchange
ISO/IEC 10646, Information technology — Universal coded character set (UCS)
ISO/IEC 15415, Information technology — Automatic identification and data capture techniques — Bar
code symbol print quality test specification — Two-dimensional symbols
ISO/IEC 15424, Information technology — Automatic identification and data capture techniques — Data
Carrier Identifiers (including Symbology Identifiers)
ISO/IEC 15434, Information technology — Automatic identification and data capture techniques — Syntax
for high-capacity ADC media
3 Terms, definitions, abbreviated terms and symbols
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1 Terms and definitions
3.1.1
module
single square in one colour within the matrix pattern that is the elemental entity used to encode data
3.1.2
finder pattern
fixed reference pattern at predefined positions in a matrix symbology, which enables the decode
software to locate the JAB symbol in an image
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ISO/IEC 23634:2022(E)
3.1.3
alignment pattern
fixed reference pattern at predefined positions in a matrix symbology, which enables the decode
software to resynchronize the coordinate mapping of the modules (3.1.1) in the event of moderate
amounts of distortion of the image
3.1.4
data interleaving
procedure which pseudo-randomly arranges the data in a matrix symbology
3.1.5
colour palette
set of reference modules (3.1.1) of colours used in the symbol, which is located at predefined positions
in a matrix symbology
3.1.6
padding bits
bits which do not represent data and are used to fill empty positions of the available encoding capacity
after the final bit of encoded data
3.1.7
primary symbol
main symbol which contains finder patterns and is used to locate the whole JAB code
3.1.8
secondary symbol
appending symbols which may be used to encode more data with a lower overhead in terms of auxiliary
modules (3.1.1)
3.1.9
host symbol
symbol, either primary or secondary, in a JAB Code which docks secondary symbols on its horizontal or
vertical sides
3.1.10
JAB Code
colour two-dimensional matrix symbology
Note 1 to entry: JAB code is used for “just another bar code”.
3.2 Abbreviated terms
LDPC low-density parity-check
SS in primary symbol: symbol shape flag / in secondary symbol: same shape and size flag
MSK masking reference
SE same error correction level
V side-version
E error correction parameter
S secondary positions
m raw data bits
c transmitted codeword
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ISO/IEC 23634:2022(E)
r received codeword
L number of iterations
FPDB fixed pattern damage in segment B
ECI extended channel interpretation
FNC1 function code one
GNU grid non-uniformity
UEC unused error correction
CSL centre surrounding layer
3.3 Mathematical symbols
For the purposes of this document, the following mathematical symbols apply:
N module colour mode indicating the number of module colours in the symbol
c
C symbol capacity in number of bits
P symbols net payload (the number of raw data bits)
n
P symbols gross payload (the number of encoded data bits)
g
P length of the encoded message including the metadata of docked secondary symbols and the
e
flag bit
K number of error correction bits in the symbol, equal to P -P
g n
H parity check matrix of LDPC code
w number of 1’s in each row in H (the parity check matrix of LDPC code)
r
w number of 1’s in each column in H (the parity check matrix of LDPC code)
c
3.4 Mathematical and logical operations
For the purposes of this document, the following mathematical and logic operations apply.
max(x,y) is the greater of x and y
div is the integer division operator
mod is the remainder after division
XOR is the exclusive-or logic function that outputs one only when the two inputs differ.
log (x) is the logarithm function to base 2.
2
ln(x) is the logarithm function to base e.
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ISO/IEC 23634:2022(E)
4 Symbol description
4.1 Basic characteristics
a) Encodable character set:
1) numeric data;
2) uppercase letters;
3) lowercase letters;
4) punctuation marks;
5) mixed characters;
6) alphanumeric data;
7) byte data (default interpretation: UTF-8 specified in ISO/IEC 10646);
8) ECI and FNC1.
b) Symbol type
1) In JAB Code there are two types of symbols: primary symbol and secondary symbol.
2) A JAB Code contains one primary symbol and optionally multiple secondary symbols.
c) Symbol shape
1) The primary symbol and secondary symbol in a JAB Code may be either square or rectangle.
2) Primary symbol and secondary symbol in a JAB Code may be of different shapes.
d) Symbol size
1) The smallest primary or secondary JAB Code symbol side size is 21 and the largest is 145. The
smallest square symbol is 21 × 21 modules and the largest is 145 × 145 modules.
2) No quiet zone is required for the symbol.
e) Module colour
1) The number of module colours is configurable in two modes: 4 or 8 colours.
2) Guidelines for colour selection are given in Annex G.
f) Representation of data
1) A module represents log (N ) binary bits. See 5.7.
2 c
2) The binary bits that a module represents correspond to the index value of the module colour in
the colour palette.
g) Data capacity
1) The data capacity of JAB Code depends on the symbol size, the number of module colours, and
the error correction level.
2) The capacity of a single-symbol square code is listed in Table 1.
h) Selectable error correction
1) User-selectable error correction levels are supported.
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ISO/IEC 23634:2022(E)
2) In one JAB Code, different error correction levels may be configured in each symbol.
i) Symbol cascading
1) Secondary symbols can be docked to the side of a primary symbol, or other secondary symbols.
2) JAB Code may have an arbitrary form by cascading primary and secondary symbols in
horizontal and vertical directions while adhering to the order in Figure 14.
j) Code type: Matrix
k) Orientation independent: Yes
4.2 Summary of additional features
The use of the following additional features is optional in JAB Code:
a) Mirror Imaging: When JAB Code is obtained in mirror reversal, it is still possible to achieve a valid
decode of a symbol with the standard reader. Refer to 6.2.
b) Extended Channel Interpretation: The ECI mechanism enables data using character sets other
than the default encod
...
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