Information technology — Development of user interface accessibility — Part 1: Code of practice for creating accessible ICT products and services

This document takes a holistic approach to the accessibility of information and communications technology (ICT) by combining guidance on implementing the accessibility of ICT systems (ICT accessibility) both at organizational and system development levels. This document gives guidelines for building and maintaining ICT systems (including products and services) that are accessible to diverse users (including users with disabilities and older people). This document is applicable to all types of organizations. This document applies to the breadth of ICT systems and the results of convergent and emerging technologies within an organization including, but not limited to: information systems; intranet systems; websites; mobile and wearable applications; social media; and Internet of Things (IoT) systems. It gives requirements and recommendations for organizations: a) ensuring accessibility is considered in their policies or strategy by creating an organizational ICT accessibility policy; b) embedding the consideration of accessibility decisions through the entire process of developing procuring, installing, operating and maintaining ICT systems, and documenting these choices; c) justifying decisions on accessibility; d) communicating the ICT system's accessibility decisions to its users at launch, through creating and publishing its accessibility statement.

Technologies de l'information — Développement de l'accessibilité des interfaces utilisateur — Partie 1: Code de bonnes pratiques pour créer des produits et services TIC accessibles

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Status
Published
Publication Date
23-May-2019
Current Stage
6060 - International Standard published
Due Date
21-Mar-2019
Completion Date
24-May-2019
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INTERNATIONAL ISO/IEC
STANDARD 30071-1
First edition
2019-05
Information technology —
Development of user interface
accessibility —
Part 1:
Code of practice for creating
accessible ICT products and services
Technologies de l'information — Développement de l'accessibilité des
interfaces utilisateur —
Partie 1: Code de bonnes pratiques pour créer des produits et services
TIC accessibles
Reference number
ISO/IEC 30071-1:2019(E)
©
ISO/IEC 2019

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ISO/IEC 30071-1:2019(E)

COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO/IEC 2019
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
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Email: copyright@iso.org
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Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO/IEC 2019 – All rights reserved

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ISO/IEC 30071-1:2019(E)

Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
3.1 Accessibility and related definitions . 2
3.2 Users and systems related definitions . 3
3.3 Definitions relating to developing accessibility. 4
4 Conformity . 4
5 Introduction to ICT accessibility within an organization . 5
6 Responsibilities and documentation for embedding accessibility of ICT systems
within an organization . 5
6.1 Taking responsibility and setting policy . 5
6.2 Contents of an organizational ICT accessibility policy . 6
6.3 Organizational ICT accessibility goals . 6
6.4 Accessibility considerations in the organization's ICT policies . 7
7 Embedding ICT accessibility within the system development life cycle.7
7.1 Taking accessibility into account throughout ICT system development . 7
7.2 Making justifiable decisions on accessibility . 8
7.3 Assuring accessibility throughout the system life cycle . 8
7.4 Creating accessibility logs and statements for each ICT system . 9
7.5 Contents of an ICT system accessibility log. 9
7.6 Contents of an ICT system accessibility statement .10
8 Activities in ICT system development or procurement .11
8.1 Performing and documenting accessibility activities.11
8.2 Activities .11
8.2.1 Activity 1: Specify widest range of potential users .11
8.2.2 Activity 2: Specify user goals and tasks . .12
8.2.3 Activity 3: Specify user accessibility needs .12
8.2.4 Activity 4: Specify accessibility requirements .13
8.2.5 Activity 5: Specify accessibility design approach .14
8.2.6 Activity 6: Ensure accessibility requirements are met .14
8.2.7 Activity 7: Ensure communication about accessibility .15
8.2.8 Activity 8: Ensure integration of accessibility in system updates .15
Annex A (informative) Applying the accessibility goals of ISO/IEC Guide 71:2014 .16
Annex B (informative) Application of Clause 8 .20
Annex C (informative) Sources of ICT accessibility guidelines .31
Annex D (informative) Accessibility testing methods.34
Annex E (informative) Drivers of accessibility .36
Annex F (informative) Checklists for ISO/IEC 30071-1 .37
Bibliography .48
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ISO/IEC 30071-1:2019(E)

Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical
Commission) form the specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that are
members of ISO or IEC participate in the development of International Standards through technical
committees established by the respective organization to deal with particular fields of technical
activity. ISO and IEC technical committees collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other international
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the
work. In the field of information technology, ISO and IEC have established a joint technical committee,
ISO/IEC JTC 1.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for
the different types of document should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject
of patent rights. ISO and IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent
rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the
Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to
the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see
www .iso .org/iso/foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/IEC JTC 1, Information technology,
Subcommittee SC 35, User interfaces.
A list of all parts in the ISO/IEC 30071 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/members .html.
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ISO/IEC 30071-1:2019(E)

Introduction
This document provides guidance on developing and implementing an organizational accessibility
policy for creating accessible ICT systems (including products and services). It can help organizations
to ensure that their ICT systems are accessible to diverse users.
The design of many ICT systems unnecessarily excludes users with disabilities or others with
accessibility requirements, for example, older persons, which can leave organizations that provide
these systems subject to legal challenge on the grounds of discrimination. However, by following good
practice in creating, updating or procuring ICT systems, this exclusion can generally be prevented.
This document contains process-related guidance rather than technical requirements. It brings together
and summarizes important information needed to enable organizations that create ICT systems to
understand:
— how to create organizational policies to embed accessibility considerations into their "business as
usual" processes;
— how to consider the needs of users with disabilities and older people at all stages of the ICT
development process.
The document is intended for:
— persons responsible for setting high-level organizational policies;
— persons responsible for setting accessibility policies and procedures at the system, product or
service level;
— persons responsible for directly designing or implementing accessibility activities derived from the
policies applied within the organization.
The guidance in this document focuses on activities and outcomes rather than specifying complete
processes and methods, allowing organizations to implement this guidance in the manner most suited
to their individual organizational culture and operations.
Drivers for organizations to make their ICT systems more accessible and usable include:
a) legal reasons;
b) commercial reasons;
c) ethical reasons/human rights/social responsibility;
d) innovation reasons.
Often, these drivers interrelate. These include the accessibility of ICT systems that support employment,
those used in public and private transport, in public buildings, in the home, in education, in social
networking and in the ubiquitous use of ICT known as the Internet of Things. Ensuring systems are
accessible to the widest range of diverse users will increase inclusion. This can create benefits for many
sectors of society.
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INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC 30071-1:2019(E)
Information technology — Development of user interface
accessibility —
Part 1:
Code of practice for creating accessible ICT products and
services
1 Scope
This document takes a holistic approach to the accessibility of information and communications
technology (ICT) by combining guidance on implementing the accessibility of ICT systems (ICT
accessibility) both at organizational and system development levels.
This document gives guidelines for building and maintaining ICT systems (including products and
services) that are accessible to diverse users (including users with disabilities and older people).
This document is applicable to all types of organizations. This document applies to the breadth of ICT
systems and the results of convergent and emerging technologies within an organization including,
but not limited to: information systems; intranet systems; websites; mobile and wearable applications;
social media; and Internet of Things (IoT) systems.
It gives requirements and recommendations for organizations:
a) ensuring accessibility is considered in their policies or strategy by creating an organizational ICT
accessibility policy;
b) embedding the consideration of accessibility decisions through the entire process of developing
procuring, installing, operating and maintaining ICT systems, and documenting these choices;
c) justifying decisions on accessibility;
d) communicating the ICT system’s accessibility decisions to its users at launch, through creating and
publishing its accessibility statement.
2 Normative references
There are no normative references in this document.
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— IEC Electropedia: available at http: //www .electropedia .org/
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https: //www .iso .org/obp
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ISO/IEC 30071-1:2019(E)

3.1 Accessibility and related definitions
3.1.1
accessibility
extent to which products, systems, services, environments and facilities can be used by people from a
population with the widest range of user needs, characteristics and capabilities to achieve identified
goals in identified contexts of use
Note 1 to entry: Context of use includes direct use or use supported by assistive technologies.
[SOURCE: ISO 9241-112:2017, 3.15]
3.1.2
usability
extent to which a system, product or service can be used by specified users to achieve specified goals
with effectiveness, efficiency and satisfaction in a specified context of use
Note 1 to entry: The “specified” users, goals and context of use refer to the particular combination of users, goals
and context of use for which usability is being considered.
Note 2 to entry: The word “usability” is also used as a qualifier to refer to the design knowledge, competencies,
activities and design attributes that contribute to usability, such as usability expertise, usability professional,
usability engineering, usability method, usability evaluation, usability heuristic.
[SOURCE: ISO 9241-11:2018, 3.1.1]
3.1.3
effectiveness
accuracy and completeness with which users achieved specified goals
[SOURCE: ISO 9241-11:2018, 3.1.12]
3.1.4
efficiency
resources used in relation to the results achieved
Note 1 to entry: Typical resources include time, human effort, costs and materials.
[SOURCE: ISO 9241-11:2018, 3.1.13]
3.1.5
satisfaction
extent to which the user's physical, cognitive and emotional responses that result from the use of a
system, product or service meet the user’s needs and expectations
[SOURCE: ISO 9241-11:2018, 3.1.14 — modified, Notes 1 and 2 to entry removed]
3.1.6
user experience
person's perceptions and responses resulting from the use and/or anticipated use of a product, system
or service
Note 1 to entry: User experience includes all the users' emotions, beliefs, preferences, perceptions, physical and
psychological responses, behaviours and accomplishments that occur before, during and after use.
Note 2 to entry: User experience is a consequence of brand image, presentation, functionality, system
performance, interactive behaviour and assistive capabilities of a system, product or service. It also results from
the user's internal and physical state resulting from prior experiences, attitudes, skills and personality, and the
context of use.
[SOURCE: ISO 9241-11:2018, 3.2.3]
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ISO/IEC 30071-1:2019(E)

3.1.7
goal
intended outcome
[SOURCE: ISO 9241-11:2018, 3.1.10]
3.1.8
accessibility experience
experience of an individual of the accessibility of a system
Note 1 to entry: Accessibility experience can be considered at three levels: technical, effective and efficient, and
satisfying.
Note 2 to entry: The basic level of accessibility experience that is acceptable in a particular country will depend
on that country's accessibility legislation.
3.1.9
individualization
modification of interaction and presentation of information to suit individual capabilities and needs
of users
[SOURCE: ISO 9241-171:2008, 3.17]
3.2 Users and systems related definitions
3.2.1
user
individual who accesses or interacts with a system
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC Guide 71:2014, 2.2]
3.2.2
diverse users
individuals with differing abilities and characteristics or accessibility needs
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC Guide 71:2014, 2.3]
3.2.3
user group
subset of intended users who are differentiated from other intended users by characteristics of the
users, tasks or environments that could influence usability
[SOURCE: ISO 9241-11:2018, 3.1.8]
3.2.4
system
product, service, or built environment or any combination of them with which the user interacts
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC Guide 71:2014, 2.1]
3.2.5
ICT
information and communication technology
technology for gathering, storing, retrieving, processing, analysing and transmitting information
[SOURCE: ISO 9241-20:2008, 3.4]
3.2.6
ICT system
system utilizing ICT
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ISO/IEC 30071-1:2019(E)

3.3 Definitions relating to developing accessibility
3.3.1
user accessibility need
user need related to features or attributes that are necessary for a system to be accessible
Note 1 to entry: User accessibility needs vary over time and across contexts of use.
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC Guide 71:2014, 2.4]
3.3.2
activity
set of cohesive tasks of a process
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC/IEEE 15288:2015, 4.3]
Note 1 to entry: Organizations can use checkpoints to ensure that activities are performed.
3.3.3
organization
company, non-profit organization, government department, local council, public sector organization or
academic institution
3.3.4
content author
individual or organization responsible for authoring ICT content, as distinct from designing it, or coding it
3.3.5
context of use
physical and social environments in which a system is used, including users, tasks, equipment and
materials
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC Guide 71:2014, 2.7]
3.3.6
diverse contexts
differing contexts of use and differing economic, cultural and organizational conditions
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC Guide 71:2014, 2.8]
3.3.7
assistive technology
hardware or software that is added to or incorporated within an ICT system that increases accessibility
for an individual
Note 1 to entry: This includes all such software which is either: part of the operating system, installed into the
operating system (executable extensions or applications), installed into the browser (plug-ins), or included on
the website.
EXAMPLE Screen readers and text-to-speech systems; screen-magnification software; tactile Braille
displays, trackballs, touch pads/screens, etc.; alternatives to standard computer mice, keyboards, switches and
speech recognition software.
Note 2 to entry: Also referred to as “access technology” and “adaptive technology”.
[SOURCE: ISO 9241-171:2008, 3.4 — modified with the additions of the Notes to entry and EXAMPLE]
4 Conformity
If an organization claims conformity with this document, then the decisions about how it addresses the
requirements and recommendations in this document or the justifications for any course of action that
deviates from any of the recommendations shall be documented.
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ISO/IEC 30071-1:2019(E)

Documentation of a claim of conformity with this document should be specific about the basis on
which the claim is made and should provide evidence to support the claim. An organization can claim
conformity on the basis of a self-assessment or an assessment carried out by another party.
Annex F provides assistance in documenting conformity.
5 Introduction to ICT accessibility within an organization
This document contains process-related guidance rather than technical requirements. It brings together
and summarizes important information needed to enable organizations that create ICT systems to
understand:
a) how to create organizational policies to embed accessibility considerations into their "business as
usual" processes (Clause 6 and 7);
NOTE Policies can support communication internally with staff and/or externally with many different
stakeholders.
b) how to consider the needs of users with disabilities and older people at all stages of the ICT system
development life cycle (Clause 8).
The document is intended for:
— persons responsible for setting high-level organizational policies;
— persons responsible for setting accessibility policies and procedures at the system, product or
service level;
— persons responsible for directly designing or implementing accessibility activities derived from the
policies applied within the organization.
This document presents requirements and recommendations appropriate for the management of ICT
accessibility throughout the organization.
NOTE Different organizations can approach implementation differently according to the organization's:
— type (e.g. public or private);
— size;
— diverse users;
— development methodologies (used to create and maintain its ICT systems).
6 Responsibilities and documentation for embedding accessibility of ICT
systems within an organization
6.1 Taking responsibility and setting policy
ICT accessibility exists within a larger framework of the overall organizational accessibility policy.
Top management shall commit to integrate an ICT accessibility policy in its management systems and
ensure the organization’s compliance with this document through delegation of responsibilities.
As part of an organization’s strategy for dealing with accessibility, the organization shall ensure that a
department or specified role is responsible for the organization’s compliance with this document.
NOTE 1 This specified role could be, for example, the chief technology officer, user experience director, digital
development director, governance director, communications director or marketing director depending on the
size and structure of the organization.
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ISO/IEC 30071-1:2019(E)

Through this department or role, the organization should:
a) analyse the organization’s operations to consider how the drivers of ICT accessibility (see Annex E)
will impact the following:
1) the organization’s legal duties;
2) (for services provided to the public) the organization’s duties to the public;
3) the organization's ability to engage the widest pool of potential users, corporate social
responsibility and innovation strategy;
4) the activities that can be taken to develop or procure ICT systems;
b) prepare an ICT accessibility policy for the organization (see 6.2);
NOTE 2 This could form part of the organization’s overall management system or could stand alone,
mentioned in the management system.
c) delegate ICT accessibility responsibilities across the different departments of the organization and
ensure staff in those departments are adequately trained to be able to fulfil these responsibilities;
d) take responsibility for ensuring that the organization implements and maintains the ICT
accessibility policy.
NOTE 3 It is important that the policies for accessibility are both consistent with each other and are
consistently implemented within the organization.
6.2 Contents of an organizational ICT accessibility policy
An organization's ICT accessibility policy shall explain the commitment to ICT accessibility and
summarize its approach. This should include where accessibility considerations have been included in
the organization’s wider ICT policies, procedures, activities and standards including:
a) the ICT accessibility goals;
b) any policies, procedures, activities or standards the organization has which should hold (including
policies for development, procurement, technology, privacy and security) for all of its ICT systems.
6.3 Organizational ICT accessibility goals
Organizations should identify and document in the organization's ICT accessibility policy how they will
address the ISO/IEC Guide 71 accessibility goals, according to ISO/IEC 29138-1, discussed in Annex A.
NOTE 1 The ISO/IEC Guide 71 accessibility goals are worded in a general manner that can apply to all types
of accessibility for all types of systems. In order to address these goals within an organization's ICT accessibility
policy, the organization will identify how it intends to ensure the application of each of these goals to its ICT
systems. Annex A identifies some important issues for an organization's ICT accessibility goals to address.
Organizations may also include guidance within the ICT accessibility policy on how to identify and
justify further expectations, beyond those identified in Annex A.
While accessibility goals are focused on overall outcomes, user accessibility needs focus on the needs of
individual users.
Organizations may wish to identify a set of user accessibility needs for all of their ICT systems to meet.
NOTE 2 ISO/IEC 29138-1 identifies a range of user accessibility needs associated with each of the ISO/
IEC Guide 71 accessibility goals.
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ISO/IEC 30071-1:2019(E)

6.4 Accessibility considerations in the organization's ICT policies
Organizations should identify and document how to incorporate considerations regarding accessibility
within the organization's relevant policies, procedures, activities or standards (including policies for
development, procurement, technology, privacy and security) for all of its ICT systems.
It is important that accessibility is incorporated within the organization's procedures and is not being
treated as an optional extra.
The relevant policies, procedures, activities or standards for ICT systems should:
a) apply the organization's ICT accessibility goals;
b) integrate the achievement of the requirements and recommendations in Clause 8 with other
relevant activities;
c) include checkpoints to monitor the performance of these accessibility requirements and
recommendations;
d) recognize the difference in meeting general accessibility requirements and an individual's
user accessibility needs (including the need for on-going support) in the case of reasonable
accommodation;
e) include progressively increasing the accessibility of existing ICT systems (including increasing the
accessibility in replacements to those systems).
7 Embedding ICT accessibility within the system development life cycle
7.1 Taking accessibility into account throughout ICT system development
The organization shall ensure that accessibility is taken into account at all points of an ICT system’s
development life cycle.
The requirements and recommendations in Clause 8 should be situated within the existing ICT
development life cycle to ensure the accessibility impact of key development decisions is not missed.
They are not intended to present an alternate life cycle but should be harmonized with the development
process that the organization follows.
NOTE 1 These requirements and recommendations can be situated within various life cycle approaches
including:
a) human-centred design (HCD) (ISO 9241-210, ISO 9241-220);
b) software engineering (SE) (ISO/IEC/IEEE 12207);
c) systems engineering (SysE) (ISO/IEC/IEEE 15288);
d) agile development (ISO/IEC/IEEE 26515).
Iteration is used to progressively eliminate uncertainty during the development of ICT sys
...

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