ISO 4164:2012
(Main)Mopeds — Engine test code — Net power
Mopeds — Engine test code — Net power
This International Standard specifies methods for evaluating the performance of engines designed for mopeds as defined in ISO 3833, in particular with a view to the presentation of power curves and specific fuel consumption at full load as a function of engine speed, for net power assessment. It is applicable to reciprocating internal combustion engines (spark-ignition), excluding free-piston engines, and rotary piston engines, either naturally aspirated or pressure-charged and equipped with either mechanical pressure-charger or turbocharger.
Cyclomoteurs — Code d'essai des moteurs — Puissance nette
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 4164
Second edition
2012-09-15
Mopeds — Engine test code — Net
power
Cyclomoteurs — Code d’essai des moteurs — Puissance nette
Reference number
ISO 4164:2012(E)
©
ISO 2012
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ISO 4164:2012(E)
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© ISO 2012
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ii © ISO 2012 – All rights reserved
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ISO 4164:2012(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Symbols . 2
5 Standard reference conditions . 2
6 Tests . 3
6.1 General . 3
6.2 Measuring equipment and instrument accuracy . 3
6.3 Setting and test conditions . 3
6.4 Test procedure .10
7 Torque, power and specific fuel consumption .10
7.1 Calculation of measured torque, measured power and specific fuel consumption .10
7.2 Net torque and net power .11
7.3 Corrected net torque and corrected net power .12
8 Test report .13
8.1 General .13
8.2 The description of test report .13
8.3 Statement of results .16
Bibliography .19
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ISO 4164:2012(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International
Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting.
Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies
casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 4164 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 22, Road vehicles, Subcommittee SC 23, Mopeds.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 4164:1978), which has been technically revised.
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INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 4164:2012(E)
Mopeds — Engine test code — Net power
1 Scope
This International Standard specifies methods for evaluating the performance of engines designed for
mopeds as defined in ISO 3833, in particular with a view to the presentation of power curves and specific
fuel consumption at full load as a function of engine speed, for net power assessment. It is applicable to
reciprocating internal combustion engines (spark-ignition), excluding free-piston engines, and rotary
piston engines, either naturally aspirated or pressure-charged and equipped with either mechanical
pressure-charger or turbocharger.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 2710-1, Reciprocating internal combustion engines — Vocabulary — Part 1: Terms for engine design
and operation
ISO 3833, Road vehicles ― Types ― Terms and definitions
ISO 15550, Internal combustion engines ― Determination and method for the measurement of engine
power ― General requirements
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 2710-1, ISO 15550 and the
following apply.
3.1
net power
power obtained on a test bed at the end of the crankshaft or its equivalent at the corresponding engine
speed with the equipment and auxiliaries listed in 6.3.1
3.2
corrected net power
net power corrected under the standard reference conditions
3.3
net torque
torque transmitted on a test bed at the end of the crankshaft or its equivalent at the corresponding
engine speed with the equipment and auxiliaries listed in 6.3.1
3.4
corrected net torque
net torque corrected under the standard reference conditions
3.5
specific fuel consumption
amount of fuel consumed by an engine per unit of power and time
NOTE The amount of the lubricants for two-stoke cycle engines is excluded.
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ISO 4164:2012(E)
3.6
auxiliaries
equipment and devices necessary to make the engine acceptable for service in the intended application.
4 Symbols
The symbols used in this International Standard are given in Table 1.
Table 1 — Symbols
Symbols Designation Unit
b Specific fuel consumption g/(kW·h)
e
p Ambient dry air barometric pressure during the test kPa
d
p Standard reference total barometric pressure kPa
r
p Standard reference saturated water vapour pressure kPa
sr
p Ambient saturated water vapour pressure during the test kPa
sy
p Ambient total barometric pressure during the test kPa
y
P Measured power kW
P Corrected net power kW
o
P Net power kW
y
T Measured torque Nm
T Corrected net torque Nm
o
T Net torque Nm
y
t Standard reference ambient air temperature K
r
t Engine inlet air temperature during the test K
y
α Correction factor for ambient test conditions -
a
α Correction factor for efficiency of the transmission -
m
η Efficiency of each element constituting the transmission -
i
Efficiency of the transmission which is located between the
η -
t
crankshaft and the measurement point
ϕ Standard reference relative humidity %
r
ϕ Ambient relative humidity during the test %
y
5 Standard reference conditions
For the purpose of determining the power and fuel consumption of an engine, the following standard
reference conditions shall be used:
— Standard reference total barometric pressure: pr = 100 kPa;
— Standard reference air temperature: tr = 298 K;
— Standard reference relative humidity: ϕr = 30 %;
NOTE A relative humidity of 30 % at a temperature of 298 K corresponds to a water pressure of 1 kPa. The
corresponding dry barometric pressure is 99 kPa.
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ISO 4164:2012(E)
6 Tests
6.1 General
This test method is used for verifying the net power of an engine type with the declared values. It
presents engine performance at full power/torque as a function of engine speed by generating curves of
corrected net torque, corrected net power and specific fuel consumption.
6.2 Measuring equipment and instrument accuracy
6.2.1 Torque
The dynamometer torque-measuring system shall have an accuracy of ± 1 % in the range of scale values
required for the test. The torque-measuring system shall be calibrated to take into account friction losses.
The accuracy may be ± 2 % for measurements carried out at a power less than 50 % of maximum power.
6.2.2 Engine speed
The engine speed measuring system shall have an accuracy of ± 0,5 %.
6.2.3 Fuel flow
The fuel flow measuring system shall have an accuracy of ± 2 %.
6.2.4 Fuel temperature
The fuel temperature measuring system shall have an accuracy of ± 1 K.
6.2.5 Engine inlet air temperature
The air temperature measuring system shall have an accuracy of ± 1 K.
6.2.6 Barometric pressure
The barometric pressure measuring system shall have an accuracy of ± 70 Pa.
6.2.7 Back pressure in exhaust system
The system used to measure the back pressure (differential pressure) in the exhaust system shall have
an accuracy of ± 25 Pa.
6.2.8 Test-room humidity
The test-room-humidity measuring system shall have an accuracy of ± 5 % in relative humidity.
NOTE In the specified test atmospheric conditions in 6.3.3, the worst relative humidity measurement
accuracy of ± 5 % corresponds to a wet and dry bulb thermometer measurement accuracy of ± 0,5 K. In the worst
case, it is estimated that accuracy of ± 0,5 K in a wet and dry bulb thermometer measurement would give the
influence of approximately ± 0,3 % on the net power measuring result.
6.3 Setting and test conditions
6.3.1 Equipment and auxiliaries
During the test, if the equipment and auxiliaries specified in Table 2 are the standard productions, they
shall be installed on the test bench as far as possible in the same position and as the same condition as
in the intended application.
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ISO 4164:2012(E)
Table 2 — Equipment and auxiliaries to be installed for the test to determine engine power
No. Equipment and auxiliaries
1 Inlet system:
Inlet manifold
Crankcase emission control system
Control devices for dual induction
Electronic control system
Air flow meter
Air inlet ductwork
Except in the case where there is a risk of the system having a noticeable influence upon
engine power, where the equivalents may be used. In this case, a check shall be made to ascer-
tain that inlet depression does not differ by more than 100 Pa from the limit specified by the
manufacturer for a clean air filter.
Air filter
Except in the case where there is a risk of the system having a noticeable influence upon
engine power, where the equivalents may be used. In this case, a check shall be made to ascer-
tain that inlet depression does not differ by more than 100 Pa from the limit specified by the
manufacturer for a clean air filter.
Inlet silencer
Except in the case where there is a risk of the system having a noticeable influence upon
engine power, where the equivalents may be used. In this case, a check shall be made to ascer-
tain that inlet depression does not differ by more than 100 Pa from the limit specified by the
manufacturer for a clean air filter.
Speed-limiting device
Except in the case where there is a risk of the system having a noticeable influence upon
engine power, where the equivalents may be used. In this case, a check shall be made to ascer-
tain that inlet depression does not differ by more than 100 Pa from the limit specified by the
manufacturer for a clean air filter.
2 Induction-heating device of inlet manifold
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ISO 4164:2012(E)
Table 2 (continued)
No. Equipment and auxiliaries
3 Exhaust system:
Exhaust purifier
Exhaust manifold
Pressure-charging device
Connecting pipes
If it is impracticable to fit the standard exhaust system, a system permitting the normal engine
running characteristics in accordance with the manufacturer’s specification shall be fitted for
the test. In particular, in the test laboratory, the exhaust extraction system at the point where
the test bench exhaust system is connected shall not create a pressure differing from the
atmospheric pressure by more than ± 740 Pa at the exhaust extraction duct, with the engine in
operation, unless the manufacturer has specifically prescribed the back pressure prior to the
test, in which case the lower of the two pressures shall be used.
Silencer
If it is impracticable to fit the standard exhaust system, a system permitting the normal engine
running characteristics in accordance with the manufacturer’s specification shall be fitted for
the test. In particular, in the test laboratory, the exhaust extraction system at the point where
the test bench exhaust system is connected shall not create a pressure differing from the
atmospheric pressure by more than ± 740 Pa at the exhaust extraction duct, with the engine in
operation, unless the manufacturer has specifically prescribed the back pressure prior to the
test, in which case the lower of the two pressures shall be used.
Tail pipe
If it is impracticable to fit the standard exhaust system, a system permitting the normal engine
running characteristics in accordance with the manufacturer’s specification shall be fitted for
the test. In particular, in the test laboratory, the exhaust extraction system at the point where
the test bench exhaust system is connected shall not create a pressure differing from the
atmospheric pressure by more than ± 740 Pa at the exhaust extraction duct, with the engine in
operation, unless the manufacturer has specifically prescribed the back pressure prior to the
test, in which case the lower of the two pressures shall be used.
Electronic control system
4 Fuel supply system
Fuel supply pump
If necessary, the fuel feed pressure may be adjusted to reproduce the fuel pressures existing
in the particular engine application (particularly when a “fuel return” system, for example to
tank or filter, is used).
Carburettor
Electronic control system
Gaseous fuel pressure reducer
Gaseous fuel evaporator
Gaseous fuel mixer
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ISO 4164:2012(E)
Table 2 (continued)
No. Equipment and auxiliaries
5 Fuel injection equipment
Prefilter
Filter
Fuel injection pump
High-pressure pipes
Injector
Air inlet valve
Electronic control system
6 Liquid-cooling equipment
Radiator
Fan
Fan cowl
Water pump
Thermostat
The radiator, fan, fan cowl, water pump, thermostat and cowl shall be located on the test bed
in the same relative positions that they are to occupy on the vehicle or machine. The cooling
liquid circulation shall only be operated by the engine water pump.
Cooling of the liquid may be provided either by the engine radiator or by an external circuit,
provided that the pressure loss of this circuit and the pressure at the pump inlet remains sub-
stantially the same as those of the engine cooling system. The radiator shutter, if incorporated,
shall be set in the open position.
Where the fan, radiator and cowl system cannot conveniently be fitted to the engine, the
power absorbed by the fan when separately mounted in its correct position in relation to the
radiator and cowl (if used), shall be determined at the speeds corresponding to the engine
speeds used for measurement of the engine power either by calculation from standard char-
acteristics or by practical tests. This power, corrected to the standard atmospheric conditions
defined in Clause 5, shall be deducted from the corrected power.
Where a disconnectable or progressive fan or blower is incorporated, the test shall be per-
formed with the fan or blower disconnected or with the progressive fan running at maximum
slip.
The thermostat may be fixed in the fully open position.
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ISO 4164:2012(E)
Table 2 (continued)
No. Equipment and auxiliaries
7 Air cooling equipment
Cowl
Fan or blower
Temperature-regulating device
The radiator, fan, fan cowl, water pump, thermostat and cowl shall be located on the test bed
in the same relative positions that they are to occupy on the vehicle or machine. The cooling
liquid circulation shall only be operated by the engine water pump.
Cooling of the liquid may be provided either by the engine radiator or by an external circuit,
provided that the pressure loss of this circuit and the pressure at the pump inlet remains sub-
stantially the same as those of the engine cooling system. The radiator shutter, if incorporated,
shall be set in the open position.
Where the fan, radiator and cowl system cannot conveniently be fitted to the engine, the
power absorbed by the fan when separately mounted in its correct position in relation to the
radiator and cowl (if used), shall be determined at the speeds corresponding to the engine
speeds used for measurement of the engine power either by calculation from standard char-
acteristics or by practical tests. This power, corrected to the standard atmospheric conditions
defined in Clause 5, shall be deducted from the corrected power.
Where a disconnect
...
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