ISO 23499:2013

Coal - Determination of bulk density for the use in charging of coke ovens

ISO 23499:2013 provides description of a cone procedure for determining an uncompacted bulk density of crushed coal less than 37 mm in size, such as is charged into coke ovens. It focuses on the uncompacted bulk density of coal resulting from flowing the material into a measuring container (box) in the absence of compacting forces. ISO 23499:2013 does not cover procedures for determining a compacted coal bulk density nor to the testing of fine or powdered coal (for boiler or utility application) nor to the determination of bulk density of coal in storage piles.

Charbon — Détermination de la masse volumique en vrac à des fins d'enfournement dans les fours à coke

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 21-Jul-2013
• ICS: 73.040 - Coals
• Technical Committee: ISO/TC 27/SC 1 - Coal preparation: Terminology and performance
• Drafting Committee: ISO/TC 27/SC 1 - Coal preparation: Terminology and performance
• Current Stage: 9092 - International Standard to be revised
• Start Date: 25-Mar-2024
• Completion Date: 13-Dec-2025

Relations

• Revised: ISO 23499 - Coal - Determination of bulk density of coal as it is handled in industrial practices
• Effective Date: 20-Apr-2024
• Revises: ISO 23499:2008 - Coal - Determination of bulk density
• Effective Date: 26-Jan-2013

Overview

ISO 23499:2013 - Coal: Determination of bulk density for the use in charging of coke ovens - specifies a standardized cone procedure to determine the uncompacted bulk density of crushed coal (<37 mm) as it flows into coke ovens. The method produces a reference bulk density that reflects the uncompacted state resulting from free-flow into a measuring container, excluding tests for compacted bulk density, powdered/fine coal, or coal in storage piles.

Key topics and requirements

• Scope: Measures uncompacted bulk density of crushed coal used for coke-oven charging; excludes compacted density and fines/storage piles.
• Principle: Fill a weighed measuring box of known volume with coal via a cone hopper and determine mass increase to calculate bulk density.
• Apparatus:
  • Measuring box: cubical ~0.0284 m3 (1 ft3) with smooth interior; internal dimension ~305 mm (300 mm acceptable if volume known).
  • Cone hopper: ~610 mm high; top diameter ~510 mm; bottom opening ~115 mm; slide-plate shutter and tripod support with ~460 mm top frame opening.
  • Levelling bar (~760 × 40 × 5 mm) and weighing device up to 100 kg with 0.05 kg sensitivity.
• Sampling and test portions:
  • Follow ISO 13909-4 for collection.
  • Minimum sample mass 150 kg (sufficient for four replicates and moisture test).
  • Subdivide into four ~34 kg test samples without further crushing; determine bulk density immediately or store airtight.
• Procedure highlights:
  • Fill cone with prepared sample, allow free flow into box, level excess with levelling bar without compacting.
  • Weigh filled and empty box; report uncompacted mass to nearest 0.05 kg.
• Calculation and reporting:
  • Bulk density = mass difference / box volume; results reported kg/m3, one decimal place; mean of duplicates reported to nearest whole number.
  • Provide moisture basis (as-received and dry basis) using ISO 589 moisture determination and include size distribution (ISO 1953).
• Precision:
  • Repeatability: duplicate determinations by same operator/apparatus from same sample should not differ by more than 10.0 kg/m3; rules specified for additional tests if exceeded.
  • Reproducibility across labs not quoted due to sample transport/size-breakage issues.

Applications and users

• Practical for coke oven operators, metallurgical coke producers, and plant QA/QC to:
  • Ensure consistent oven charge and coke quality.
  • Calculate mass loading, inventory and process control.
  • Support coal acceptance testing and contractual specification.
• Also used by laboratories, sampling technicians, equipment suppliers and standards teams involved in coal preparation and testing.

Related standards

• ISO 589 - total moisture determination (coal)
• ISO 1953 - size analysis by sieving
• ISO 13909-4 - mechanical sampling / preparation of test samples
• ISO 1213-1 / ISO 1213-2 - vocabulary for coal sampling and testing

Keywords: ISO 23499:2013, bulk density, coal, coke ovens, cone procedure, measuring box, uncompacted bulk density, coal sampling, moisture, size distribution.

Standards Content (Sample)

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 23499
Second edition
2013-07-01
Coal — Determination of bulk density
for the use in charging of coke ovens
Charbon — Détermination de la masse volumique en vrac à des fins
d’enfournement dans les fours à coke
Reference number
©
ISO 2013
© ISO 2013
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ii © ISO 2013 – All rights reserved

Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normatives references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Principle . 1
5 Samples and apparatus . 1
5.1 General . 1
5.2 Apparatus . 2
6 Sampling . 2
6.1 Test portion for bulk density . 2
6.2 Test sample . 2
7 Procedure. 2
8 Expression of results . 4
9 Reporting of results . 5
10 Precision . 5
10.1 Repeatability . 5
10.2 Reproducibility . 5
11 Test report . 5
Bibliography . 6
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
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ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. www.iso.org/directives
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
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the ISO list of patent declarations received. www.iso.org/patents
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 27, Solid mineral fuels, Subcommittee SC 1, Coal
preparation: Terminology and performance.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 23499:2008), which has been
technically revised.
This International Standard is based, with permission of ASTM International, on ASTM D291, Standard
Test Method for Cubic Foot Weight of Crushed Bituminous Coal, copyright ASTM International.
iv © ISO 2013 – All rights reserved

Introduction
The bulk density of coal is influenced by its physical characteristics, such as relative density, shape and
size distribution of the coal particles, on the coal moisture content as well as on the dimensions of the
measuring container. Since the results for coal bulk density change according to variations in the above
factors, it is recommended that a separate size analysis and total moisture determination be made in
accordance with ISO 1953 and ISO 589, respectively.
The present method describes a procedure for determining a reference bulk density for crushed coal
such as that charged into coke ovens. When charging a coke oven, a knowledge of the mass of coal placed
in the oven for maintaining a relatively constant oven charge is a requirement. This test is designed to
obtain a degree of compaction of coal comparable to the densities attained in industrial coke ovens.
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 23499:2013(E)
Coal — Determination of bulk density for the use in
charging of coke ovens
1 Scope
This International Standard provides description of a cone procedure for determining an uncompacted
bulk density of crushed coal less than 37 mm in size, such as is charged into coke ovens. It focuses on the
uncompacted bulk density of coal resulting from flowing the material into a measuring container (box)
in the absence of compacting forces.
This International Standard does not cover procedures for determining a compacted coal bulk density
nor to the testing of fine or powdered coal (for boiler or utility application) nor to the determination of
bulk density of coal in storage piles.
2 Normat
...