ISO 19826:2017
(Main)Space systems — Programme management — Management of product characteristics
Space systems — Programme management — Management of product characteristics
ISO 19826:2017 defines management requirements of product characteristics, including their classification, in order to highlight those areas of the product to which specific attention, control or inspections are applied. ISO 19826:2017 is applicable to direct implementation of space product characteristic management, especially for mechanical parts and fluidic equipment.
Systèmes spatiaux — Management de programme — Management des caractéristiques des produits
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INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 19826
First edition
2017-02
Space systems — Programme
management — Management of
product characteristics
Systèmes spatiaux — Management de programme — Management
des caractéristiques des produits
Reference number
ISO 19826:2017(E)
©
ISO 2017
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ISO 19826:2017(E)
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© ISO 2017, Published in Switzerland
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ISO 19826:2017(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 General requirements . 2
5 Management process . 2
6 Identification and classification . 3
6.1 General . 3
6.2 Product characteristic identification . 3
6.2.1 General . 3
6.2.2 Requirements analysis . 3
6.2.3 Design analysis . 4
6.2.4 Selection of units of inspection . 4
6.3 Product characteristics classification . 5
7 Management implementation . 5
7.1 Establishment of control plans to critical and major characteristics . 5
7.2 Annotation . 6
7.2.1 General. 6
7.2.2 Product characteristic classification codes . 6
7.2.3 Annotation principles . 7
7.3 Process control and data management . 7
8 Management close-out . 8
Annex A (informative) Examples of product characteristics annotation .9
Bibliography .13
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ISO 19826:2017(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment,
as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the
Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: www . i so .org/ iso/ foreword .html.
This document was prepared by ISO/TC 20, Aircraft and space vehicles, Subcommittee SC 14, Space
systems and operations.
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ISO 19826:2017(E)
Introduction
During the development of space products, it is important to identify critical and major characteristics,
and to annotate them in drawings and technical specifications. In design, proper product characteristic
classification helps to improve the design quality. In production, proper product characteristic
classification helps manufacturing activities successfully implement design requirements, and also
helps producers control the characteristics which are critical to keeping the stability and traceability of
product quality. In inspection, characteristic classification facilitates effective allocation of inspection
effort. Meanwhile, it ensures realization of critical and major characteristics, quality of end product and
the preset mission by performing management requirements through all of the development stages.
This document mainly defines the critical, major and minor characteristics of space products,
describes the whole management process of product characteristics and specifies related management
requirements.
This document focuses on management requirements for identification and control of space product
characteristics, especially for critical and major characteristics, which are closely connected with end
product quality and mission success, and enhances cost-effective applications in the life cycle of a space
product.
In addition, this document will help to clarify and enhance current practices to improve quality
assurance, and promote international cooperation.
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INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 19826:2017(E)
Space systems — Programme management — Management
of product characteristics
1 Scope
This document defines management requirements of product characteristics, including their
classification, in order to highlight those areas of the product to which specific attention, control or
inspections are applied.
This document is applicable to direct implementation of space product characteristic management,
especially for mechanical parts and fluidic equipment.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 27025, Space systems — Programme management — Quality assurance requirements
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 9000 and ISO 10795 and the
following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— IEC Electropedia: available at http:// www .electropedia .org/
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at http:// www .iso .org/ obp
3.1
critical characteristic
kind of characteristic whose fault would cause failure of the whole system or major subsystem to
perform a required mission or create serious harm to the safety of humans
3.2
end product
product in the assembled and completed state at which acceptance will take place
3.3
inspection unit
unit on which characteristic inspection is performed
3.4
major characteristic
kind of characteristic whose fault would cause the end product fails to perform a required mission
Note 1 to entry: It would not cause failure of the whole system or major subsystems which perform a required
mission.
3.5
minor characteristic
kind of characteristic significant to product quality, but whose fault could not affect realization of
mission performance of product
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ISO 19826:2017(E)
3.6
product characteristic
distinguishing feature of a product
Note 1 to entry: Product characteristics can be classified variously, including physical, sensory, functional and
so on. In this document, according to the severity of consequences caused by characteristic faults and non-
conformance with design requirements, product characteristics are mainly divided into three categories:
critical, major and minor.
4 General requirements
4.1 In support of product quality and mission functions, management of product characteristic shall be
implemented. As part of management process of product characteristics, the suppliers shall identify and
classify product characteristics which shall conform to the requirements submitted by their customer,
and implement control measures according to classification in order to highlight those areas of the
product to which specific attention, control or inspections shall be applied.
4.2 The suppliers shall especially identify critical and major product characteristics during design
phase, focus on their control during the process generating critical and major characteristics, and inspect
their conformance with the design requirements.
4.3 According to the severity of the consequences caused by failure and non-conformance with
the design requirements, product characteristics are classified into critical characteristics, major
characteristics and minor characteristics. The suppliers shall strengthen control of critical and major
characteristics with proper measures during the production and inspection process.
4.4 Product designers are mainly responsible of product characteristic identification and classification,
and product assurance and process personnel participate. Processes, manufacturing, inspection
and other factors shall be taken into consideration during product characteristic identification and
classification. The analysis procedure and results of identification and classification shall be documented
and reviewed. If necessary, the customer shall take part in the review.
4.5 Identification and classification of product characteristics are implemented over the project
phases. The suppliers shall begin to identify and classify product characteristics during the preliminary
definition phase in which results of product characteristics analysis including product characteristic
category and their control measures shall be preliminarily defined. The suppliers shall continue to make
further identification of critical and major characteristics referring to product design and verification,
and to update the results of classification during the detail definition phase in which characteristic
categories are determined finally.
4.6 Product characteristic management should be supervised by the department with responsibility
for quality assurance/configuration and data management.
5 Management process
Management of product characteristic generally includes product characteristic identification and
classification, management implementation and management close-out. Figure 1 gives the management
process of product characteristics.
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ISO 19826:2017(E)
Figure 1 — Management process of product characteristics
6 Identification and classification
6.1 General
Product characteristics identification and classification is a part of design activity. Integrated
engineering, dependability, quality assurance disciplines, product characteristics identification
and classification is a complicated process with the effort of comprehensive analysis. Engineering
experience is needed in accomplishment of identifying and classifying product characteristics.
History data, lessons learned and customer requirements which contain technical requirements,
acceptance requirements and project management requirements are the inputs of product
characteristics identification and classification. Identified critical, major and minor characteristics are
the outputs of product characteristics identification and classification.
6.2 Product characteristic identification
6.2.1 General
Product characteristics identification which includes activities of requirements analysis, design analysis
and selection of units of inspection is the basis for product characteristics classification. Through
product characteristic identification, the characteristics related to product quality and acceptance of
product can be identified, and levels of inspection can be determined.
6.2.2 Requirements analysis
Requirements analysis is a systematic procedure for determining the demands made on product by its
intended mission. Requirements analysis shall be performed by the analysis of mission functions of
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ISO 19826:2017(E)
hardware elements, duration of required performance, environmental limits of the mission, availability
of maintenance and effects of failures on the mission. Contents of each analysis are generally as follows.
a) Functions analysis: all functions of the product shall perform during its mission.
b) Duration of performance analysis: the duration of performance required of each function.
When
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