ISO/IEC 20802-2:2016

Information technology — Open data protocol (OData) v4.0 — Part 2: OData JSON Format

ISO/IEC 20802-2:2016 extends ISO/IEC 20802-1, the core specification of the Open Data Protocol (OData) for representing and interacting with structured content, by defining representations for Odata requests and responses using a JSON format.

Technologies de l'information — Protocole de données ouvertes (OData) v4.0 — Partie 2: Format OData JSON

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 14-Dec-2016
• ICS: 35.100.70 - Application layer
• Technical Committee: ISO/IEC JTC 1 - Information technology
• Drafting Committee: ISO/IEC JTC 1 - Information technology
• Current Stage: 9060 - Close of review
• Start Date: 04-Jun-2027

Standards Content (Sample)

INTERNATIONAL ISO/IEC
STANDARD 20802-2
First edition
2016-12-15
Information technology — Open data
protocol (OData) v4.0
Part 2:
OData JSON Format
Technologies de l'information — Protocole de données ouvertes
(OData) v4.0 —
Partie 2: Format OData JSON
Reference number
ISO/IEC 20802-2:2016(E)
©
ISO/IEC 2016

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ISO/IEC 20802-2:2016(E)

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ISO/IEC 20802-2:2016(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical
Commission) form the specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that are
members of ISO or IEC participate in the development of International Standards through technical
committees established by the respective organization to deal with particular fields of technical activity.
ISO and IEC technical committees collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other international
organizations, governmental and non‐governmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the
work. In the field of information technology, ISO and IEC have established a joint technical committee,
ISO/IEC JTC 1.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of document should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO and IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the
Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity
assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
ISO/IEC 20802‐2 was prepared by OASIS and was adopted, under the PAS procedure, by Joint Technical
Committee ISO/IEC JTC 1, Information technology, in parallel with its approval by the national bodies of
ISO and IEC.

© ISO/IEC 2016 – All rights reserved iii

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ISO/IEC 20802-2:2016(E)

OData JSON Format Version 4.0 Plus
Errata 02
OASIS Standard incorporating Approved Errata 02
30 October 2014
Specification URIs
This version:
http://docs.oasis-open.org/odata/odata-json-format/v4.0/errata02/os/odata-json-format-v4.0-
errata02-os-complete.doc (Authoritative)
http://docs.oasis-open.org/odata/odata-json-format/v4.0/errata02/os/odata-json-format-v4.0-
errata02-os-complete.html
http://docs.oasis-open.org/odata/odata-json-format/v4.0/errata02/os/odata-json-format-v4.0-
errata02-os-complete.pdf
Previous version:
http://docs.oasis-open.org/odata/odata-json-format/v4.0/errata01/os/odata-json-format-v4.0-
errata01-os-complete.doc (Authoritative)
http://docs.oasis-open.org/odata/odata-json-format/v4.0/errata01/os/odata-json-format-v4.0-
errata01-os-complete.html
http://docs.oasis-open.org/odata/odata-json-format/v4.0/errata01/os/odata-json-format-v4.0-
errata01-os-complete.pdf
Latest version:
http://docs.oasis-open.org/odata/odata-json-format/v4.0/odata-json-format-v4.0.doc
(Authoritative)
http://docs.oasis-open.org/odata/odata-json-format/v4.0/odata-json-format-v4.0.html
http://docs.oasis-open.org/odata/odata-json-format/v4.0/odata-json-format-v4.0.pdf
Technical Committee:
OASIS Open Data Protocol (OData) TC
Chairs:
Ralf Handl ([e-mail]), SAP AG
Ram Jeyaraman ([e-mail]), Microsoft
Editors:
Ralf Handl ([e-mail]), SAP AG
Michael Pizzo ([e-mail]), Microsoft
Martin Zurmuehl ([e-mail]), SAP AG
Mark Biamonte ([e-mail]), Progress Software
Additional artifacts:
This prose specification is one component of a Work Product that also includes:
OData JSON Format Version 4.0 Errata 02. Edited by Ralf Handl, Michael Pizzo, and Martin
Zurmuehl. 30 October 2014. OASIS Approved Errata. http://docs.oasis-open.org/odata/odata-
json-format/v4.0/errata02/os/odata-json-format-v4.0-errata02-os.html.
Change-marked (redlined) version. OData JSON Format Version 4.0 Plus Errata 02
(redlined). Edited by Ralf Handl, Michael Pizzo, Martin Zurmuehl, and Mark Biamonte. 30
October 2014. OASIS Standard incorporating Approved Errata 02. http://docs.oasis-
odata-json-format-v4.0-errata02-os-complete 30 October 2014
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ISO/IEC 20802-2:2016(E)
open.org/odata/odata-json-format/v4.0/errata02/os/odata-json-format-v4.0-errata02-os-
redlined.html.
Related work:
This specification is related to:
OData Version 4.0. OASIS Standard. Multi-part Work Product that includes:
o OData Version 4.0 Part 1: Protocol. http://docs.oasis-
open.org/odata/odata/v4.0/os/part1-protocol/odata-v4.0-os-part1-protocol.html.
o OData Version 4.0 Part 2: URL Conventions. http://docs.oasis-
open.org/odata/odata/v4.0/os/part2-url-conventions/odata-v4.0-os-part2-url-
conventions.html.
o OData Version 4.0 Part 3: Common Schema Definition Language (CSDL).
http://docs.oasis-open.org/odata/odata/v4.0/os/part3-csdl/odata-v4.0-os-part3-
csdl.html.
o ABNF components: http://docs.oasis-open.org/odata/odata/v4.0/os/abnf/
o Vocabulary components: http://docs.oasis-
open.org/odata/odata/v4.0/os/vocabularies/
o XML schemas: http://docs.oasis-open.org/odata/odata/v4.0/os/schemas/
o OData Metadata Service Entity Model: http://docs.oasis-
open.org/odata/odata/v4.0/os/models/MetadataService.edmx.
OData Atom Format Version 4.0. Edited by Martin Zurmuehl, Michael Pizzo, and Ralf Handl.
Latest version: http://docs.oasis-open.org/odata/odata-atom-format/v4.0/odata-atom-format-
v4.0.html.
Abstract:
The Open Data Protocol (OData) for representing and interacting with structured content is
comprised of a set of specifications. The core specification for the protocol is in OData Version
4.0 Part 1: Protocol; this document extends the former by defining representations for OData
requests and responses using a JSON format.
Status:
This document was last revised or approved by the OASIS Open Data Protocol (OData) TC on
the above date. The level of approval is also listed above. Check the “Latest version” location
noted above for possible later revisions of this document. Any other numbered Versions and
other technical work produced by the Technical Committee (TC) are listed at https://www.oasis-
open.org/committees/tc_home.php?wg_abbrev=odata#technical.
TC members should send comments on this specification to the TC’s email list. Others should
send comments to the TC’s public comment list, after subscribing to it by following the
instructions at the “Send A Comment” button on the TC’s web page at https://www.oasis-
open.org/committees/odata/.
For information on whether any patents have been disclosed that may be essential to
implementing this specification, and any offers of patent licensing terms, please refer to the
Intellectual Property Rights section of the Technical Committee web page (https://www.oasis-
open.org/committees/odata/ipr.php).
Citation format:
When referencing this specification the following citation format should be used:
[OData-JSON-Format-v4.0-plus-Errata02]
OData JSON Format Version 4.0 Plus Errata 02. Edited by Ralf Handl, Michael Pizzo, Martin
Zurmuehl, and Mark Biamonte. 30 October 2014. OASIS Standard incorporating Approved Errata
02. http://docs.oasis-open.org/odata/odata-json-format/v4.0/errata02/os/odata-json-format-v4.0-
errata02-os-complete.html. Latest version: http://docs.oasis-open.org/odata/odata-json-
format/v4.0/odata-json-format-v4.0.html.
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ISO/IEC 20802-2:2016(E)
Notices
Copyright © OASIS Open 2014. All Rights Reserved.
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ISO/IEC 20802-2:2016(E)
Table of Contents
1 Introduction . 6
1.1 Terminology . 6
1.2 Normative References . 6
1.3 Typographical Conventions . 7
2 JSON Format Design . 8
3 Requesting the JSON Format . 9
3.1 Controlling the Amount of Control Information in Responses . 9
3.1.1 odata.metadata=minimal . 9
3.1.2 odata.metadata=full . 10
3.1.3 odata.metadata=none . 10
3.2 Controlling the Representation of Numbers . 10
4 Common Characteristics . 11
4.1 Header Content-Type . 11
4.2 Message Body . 11
4.3 Relative URLs . 11
4.4 Payload Ordering Constraints. 12
4.5 Control Information . 12
4.5.1 Annotation odata.context . 13
4.5.2 Annotation odata.metadataEtag . 13
4.5.3 Annotation odata.type . 13
4.5.4 Annotation odata.count . 14
4.5.5 Annotation odata.nextLink . 14
4.5.6 Annotation odata.deltaLink . 14
4.5.7 Annotation odata.id . 14
4.5.8 Annotation odata.editLink and odata.readLink . 15
4.5.9 Annotation odata.etag . 15
4.5.10 Annotation odata.navigationLink and odata.associationLink . 16
4.5.11 Annotation odata.media* . 16
5 Service Document . 17
6 Entity . 19
7 Structural Property. 20
7.1 Primitive Value . 20
7.2 Complex Value . 21
7.3 Collection of Primitive Values . 21
7.4 Collection of Complex Values . 21
8 Navigation Property . 23
8.1 Navigation Link . 23
8.2 Association Link . 23
8.3 Expanded Navigation Property . 23
8.4 Deep Insert . 24
8.5 Bind Operation . 24
9 Stream Property . 25
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ISO/IEC 20802-2:2016(E)
10 Media Entity . 26
11 Individual Property or Operation Response . 27
12 Collection of Entities . 28
13 Entity Reference . 29
14 Delta Response . 30
14.1 Added/Changed Entity . 31
14.2 Deleted Entity . 31
14.3 Added Link . 31
14.4 Deleted Link . 32
15 Bound Function . 33
16 Bound Action . 34
17 Action Invocation . 35
18 Instance Annotations . 36
18.1 Annotate a JSON Object . 36
18.2 Annotate a JSON Array or Primitive . 36
19 Error Response . 37
20 Extensibility . 38
21 Security Considerations . 39
22 Conformance . 40
Appendix A. Acknowledgments . 41
Appendix B. Revision History . 42


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ISO/IEC 20802-2:2016(E)
1 Introduction
The OData protocol is comprised of a set of specifications for representing and interacting with structured
content. The core specification for the protocol is in [OData-Protocol]; this document is an extension of
the core protocol. This document defines representations for the OData requests and responses using
the JavaScript Object Notation (JSON), see [RFC7159].
An OData JSON payload may represent:
a single primitive value
a collection of primitive values
a single complex type value
a collection of complex type values
a single entity or entity reference
a collection of entities or entity references
a collection of changes
a service document describing the top-level resources exposed by the service
an error.
1.1 Terminology
The key words “MUST”, “MUST NOT”, “REQUIRED”, “SHALL”, “SHALL NOT”, “SHOULD”, “SHOULD
NOT”, “RECOMMENDED”, “MAY”, and “OPTIONAL” in this document are to be interpreted as described
in [RFC2119].
1.2 Normative References
[GeoJSON] Howard Butler, Martin Daly, Alan Doyle, Sean Gillies, Tim Schaub and Stefan
Drees, "The GeoJSON Format" draft-butler-geojson-02, 15 March 2014.
http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-butler-geojson-02.
[I-JSON] Bray, T., Ed., "The I-JSON Message Format" draft-bray-i-json-01, 06 January
2014. http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-bray-i-json-01
[OData-ABNF] OData ABNF Construction Rules Version 4.0.
See link in “Related work” section on cover page.
[OData-CSDL] OData Version 4.0 Part 3: Common Schema Definition Language (CSDL).
See link in “Related work” section on cover page.
[OData-Protocol] OData Version 4.0 Part 1: Protocol.
See link in “Related work” section on cover page.
[OData-URL] OData Version 4.0 Part 2: URL Conventions.
See link in "Related work" section on cover page.
[OData-VocCap] OData Capabilities Vocabulary.
See link in "Related work" section on cover page.
[RFC2119] Bradner, S., “Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement Levels”, BCP
14, RFC 2119, March 1997. http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2119.txt.
[RFC3986] Berners-Lee, T., Fielding, R., and L. Masinter, “Uniform Resource Identifier (URI):
Generic Syntax”, IETF RFC3986, January 2005.
http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3986.txt.
[RFC3987] Duerst, M. and, M. Suignard, “Internationalized Resource Identifiers (IRIs)”, RFC
3987, January 2005. http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3987.txt.
[RFC7159] Bray, T., Ed., “The JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) Data Interchange Format”,
RFC 7159, March 2014. http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7159.
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ISO/IEC 20802-2:2016(E)
[RFC5646] Phillips, A., Ed., and M. Davis, Ed., “Tags for Identifying Languages”, BCP 47,
RFC 5646, September 2009. http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5646.
[ECMAScript] ECMAScript Language Specification Edition 5,1. June 2011. Standard ECMA-
262. http://www.ecma-international.org/publications/standards/Ecma-262.htm.
1.3 Typographical Conventions
Keywords defined by this specification use this monospaced font.
Normative source code uses this paragraph style.
Some sections of this specification are illustrated with non-normative examples.
Example 1: text describing an example uses this paragraph style
Non-normative examples use this paragraph style.
All examples in this document are non-normative and informative only.
All other text is normative unless otherwise labeled.
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ISO/IEC 20802-2:2016(E)
2 JSON Format Design
JSON, as described in [RFC7159], defines a text format for serializing structured data. Objects are
serialized as an unordered collection of name-value pairs.
JSON does not define any semantics around the name/value pairs that make up an object, nor does it
define an extensibility mechanism for adding control information to a payload.
OData’s JSON format extends JSON by defining general conventions for name-value pairs that annotate
a JSON object, property or array. OData defines a set of canonical annotations for control information
such as ids, types, and links, and custom annotations MAY be used to add domain-specific information to
the payload.
A key feature of OData’s JSON format is to allow omitting predictable parts of the wire format from the
actual payload. To reconstitute this data on the receiving end, expressions are used to compute missing
links, type information, and other control data. These expressions (together with the data on the wire) can
be used by the client to compute predictable payload pieces as if they had been included on the wire
directly.
Annotations are used in JSON to capture control information that cannot be predicted (e.g., the next link
of a collection) as well as a mechanism to provide values where a computed value would be wrong (e.g.,
if the media read link of one particular entity does not follow the standard URL conventions). Computing
values from metadata expressions is compute intensive and some clients might opt for a larger payload
size to avoid computational complexity; to accommodate for this the Accept header allows the client to
control the amount of control information added to the response.
To optimize streaming scenarios, there are a few restrictions that MAY be imposed on the sequence in
which name/value pairs appear within JSON objects. For details on the ordering requirements see
Payload Ordering Constraints.
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ISO/IEC 20802-2:2016(E)
3 Requesting the JSON Format
The OData JSON format can be requested using the $format query option in the request URL with the
MIME type application/json, optionally followed by format parameters, or the case-insensitive
abbreviation json which MUST NOT be followed by format parameters.
Alternatively, this format can be requested using the Accept header with the MIME type
application/json, optionally followed by format parameters.
If specified, $format overrides any value specified in the Accept header.
Possible format parameters are:
odata.metadata
IEEE754Compatib
...