ISO 23586:2022

Conveyor belts - Indentation rolling resistance related to belt width - Requirements and testing

This document defines a method for the determination of the width-related indentation rolling resistance of conveyor belts. The goal is to be a full-scale test and simulation on finished belt constructions which are reproducible and relevant for the practical use. The test results can be used for a comparison of conveyor belts and for design of belt conveyors with steel cord and fabric conveyor belts. This document is not suitable or valid for light conveyor belts described in ISO 21183‑1.

Courroies transporteuses — Résistance au roulement par suite d'enfoncement relative à la largeur de courroie — Exigences et essais

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 07-Nov-2022
• ICS: 53.040.20 - Components for conveyors
• Technical Committee: ISO/TC 41/SC 3 - Conveyor belts
• Drafting Committee: ISO/TC 41/SC 3 - Conveyor belts
• Current Stage: 6060 - International Standard published
• Start Date: 08-Nov-2022
• Due Date: 27-Jan-2023
• Completion Date: 08-Nov-2022

Overview

ISO 23586:2022 - "Conveyor belts - Indentation rolling resistance related to belt width - Requirements and testing" defines a full‑scale, reproducible method to determine the width‑related indentation rolling resistance of finished conveyor belts. The standard is intended for use with steel‑cord and fabric conveyor belts and provides a test and reporting framework suitable for comparing belt constructions and for designing belt conveyors. It is not applicable to light conveyor belts covered by ISO 21183‑1.

Key topics and requirements

• Purpose: Measure indentation rolling resistance caused by belt deformation at idlers and express it per unit belt width for design and comparison.
• Test rig:
  • Drive and tension pulleys: minimum diameter 800 mm.
  • Minimum axis‑to‑axis distance: 3 500 mm.
  • Measuring idler: minimum diameter 400 mm; opposing support idler diameter must be ≥ 1.5 × measuring idler diameter.
  • Idler shell length: at least 10% longer than belt width.
  • Complete rig placed in an isolated climate chamber for controlled ambient temperature.
  • Adjustable belt speed and force application to simulate real conveyor loads.
• Test samples and setup:
  • Test belt width: minimum 350 mm.
  • Endless belt configuration with minimized splice length; steel‑cord belts require defined rubber edge width per the standard.
  • Vertical loads and temperatures chosen to reflect real operating conditions.
• Measurement procedure:
  • Measure horizontal forces acting on left and right sides of the idler for belt running in both directions to cancel drift.
  • Account for and subtract idler rolling resistance (measured simultaneously or separately).
  • Derive width‑related indentation rolling resistance from the absolute difference of measured horizontal forces normalized by belt width.
• Reporting requirements:
  • Detailed belt construction data (manufacturer, type, nominal breaking force, width, cord/ply data, cover thicknesses).
  • Test conditions (idler diameters, width‑related vertical force, belt speed, ambient temperature).
  • Test results presented as width‑related indentation rolling resistance (N/mm), ideally as a function of width‑related vertical force and temperature.

Applications and users

• Who uses it: belt manufacturers, independent test laboratories, conveyor OEMs, mining and bulk‑material handling engineers, specifiers and procurement teams.
• Practical uses:
  • Compare indentation rolling resistance across belt constructions.
  • Provide input data for conveyor design calculations (idler station forces, power consumption estimates).
  • Support product development and quality control for steel‑cord and fabric belts.
• Design note: Annex A provides guidance to convert measured values to a 3‑part idler station for steel‑cord belts (conversion for fabric belts is not established).

Related standards

• ISO 21183‑1 - light conveyor belts (ISO 23586:2022 is not applicable to these belts)
• ISO 15236‑3 - referenced in test report notes for additional belt information

Keywords: ISO 23586:2022, conveyor belts, indentation rolling resistance, belt width, test rig, steel‑cord belts, fabric conveyor belts, idler station, belt testing.

Standards Content (Sample)

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 23586
First edition
2022-11
Conveyor belts — Indentation rolling
resistance related to belt width —
Requirements and testing
Courroies transporteuses — Résistance au roulement par suite
d'enfoncement relative à la largeur de courroie — Exigences et essais
Reference number
© ISO 2022
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on
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or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
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Phone: [phone]
Email: [e-mail]
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Symbols and units. 1
5 Test rig . 2
6 Preparation of test samples .3
7 Procedure .4
8 Calculation and expression of results . 4
9 Test report . 5
Annex A (informative) Conversion of the measured width related indentation rolling
resistance to a 3-part idler station .7
Bibliography . 9
iii
Foreword
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www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by TechnicalCommittee ISO/TC 41, Pulleys and belts (includingveebelts),
Subcommittee SC 3, Conveyor belts.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
iv
Introduction
The indentation rolling resistance is caused by the energy loss connected to the deformation of the
conveyor belt due to its contact with the idler. Apart from the technological properties of the conveyor
belt, the magnitude of the indentation rolling resistance depends on the following factors:
— design of the conveyor belt, especially the pulley side cover plate thickness;
— vertical load;
— idler diameter;
— ambient temperature;
— belt speed.
The width-related indentation rolling resistance is measured in a test rig with an idler which exerts an
evenly distributed vertical force on the belt. An indentation rolling resistance to be used for the design
of belt conveyors for an idler station with more than one idler can only be calculated considering the
vertical forces and their distribution between belt and idler (refer to Annex A).
v
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 23586:2022(E)
Conveyor belts — Indentation rolling resistance related to
belt width — Requirements and testing
1 Scope
This document defines a method for the determination of the width-related indentation rolling
resistance of conveyor belts. The goal is to be a full-scale test and simulation on finished belt
constructions which are reproducible and relevant for the practical use. The test results can be used
for a comparison of conveyor belts and for design of belt conveyors with steel cord and fabric conveyor
belts.
This document is not suitable or valid for light conveyor belts described in ISO 21183-1.
2 Normative references
There are no normative references in this document.
3 Terms and definitions
No terms and definitions are listed in this document.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https:// www .electropedia .org/
4 Symbols and units
Table 1 shows the symbols and units used in this document.
Table 1 — Symbols and units
Symbol Meaning Unit
B Belt width mm
b Width of the rubber edge of the belt mm
K
b Length of the contact line between belt and idler shell mm
R
Factor in the approximation equation for the width related inden-
c -
a
tation rolling resistance
Exponent in the approximation equation for the width related in-
c -
b
dentation rolling resistance
D Diameter of measuring idler mm
R,M
D Diameter of the opposing idler mm
R,G
D Steel cord diameter mm
S
D Pulley diameter mm
Tr
F Indentation rolling resistance acting on one idler N
E
Total indentation rolling resistance acting on an idler station with
F N
E,ges
three idlers
F´ Indentation rolling resistance related to belt width N/mm
E
TTabablele 1 1 ((ccoonnttiinnueuedd))
Symbol Meaning Unit
Horizontal force acting on the measuring idler turning clockwise
F N
M,h
(F ) or anti-clockwise (F )
M,h,r M,h,l
F , Vertical force on the measuring idler corresponding to the load N
M v
F´ Vertical force related to the belt width N/mm
M,v
F Normal force acting on an idler N
n
F Idler rolling resistance N
R
L Distance axis-to-axis mm
n Number of steel cords -
S
q Length related load acting on the idler N/mm
s Cover plate thickness, carrying side mm
s Cover plate thickness, pulley side mm
T Ambient temperature °C
U
t Cord pitch mm
v Belt speed m/s
z Coordinate of length mm
λ Idler trough angle °
Table 2 described the used indices in this document.
Table 2 — Indices
Index Meaning
m Middle idler
s Side idler
5 Test rig
The testing apparatus is a test rig with a rotating belt sample, constructed with a drive pulley and a
tensioning pulley. Both pulleys have a minimum diameter of 800 mm (Figure 1). The distance axis-
to-axis has a minimum value of 3 500 mm. For high strength conveyor belts and large splice lengths
differing pulley diameters and distances axis-to-axis shall be agreed upon with the operator of the test
rig. The belt speed is adjustable and is constantly monitored with appropriate sensors. The complete
test rig is placed in an isolated climate chamber, so that the ambient temperature can be adjusted with
suitable heating and cooling devices. There is a special measuring arrangement with which an idler can
be pressed on to the belt with a defined force. As counter support an idler is installed. This idler has
a minimum diameter D of 400 mm and the diameter shall be larger than the diameter D of the
R,G R,M
measuring idler by a minimum factor of 1,5 as Formula (1).
DD≥×15, (1)
R,GR,M
The diameters D and D shall be chosen corresponding to the parameters of the belt conve
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