ISO/CIE TR 21783:2022
(Main)Light and lighting — Integrative lighting — Non-visual effects
Light and lighting — Integrative lighting — Non-visual effects
This document provides an analysis and evaluation of the current state of the art with regard to ipRGC-influenced responses to light in applying this knowledge in the context of identified topics to be considered for use in lighting applications. This analysis has taken into consideration published scientific papers, use cases, reports, best-practice guidelines and recommendations, see Annex A. However, evaluation of the results will be based on scientifically validated findings.
Lumière et éclairage — Éclairage intégratif — Effets non visuels
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
TECHNICAL ISO/CIE TR
REPORT 21783
First edition
2022-09
Light and lighting — Integrative
lighting — Non-visual effects
Lumière et éclairage — Éclairage intégratif — Effets non visuels
Reference number
© ISO/CIE 2022
© ISO/CIE 2022
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Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Practical implementation. 2
4.1 General . 2
4.2 Beneficial aims. 3
4.2.1 General . 3
4.2.2 Well established . 3
4.2.3 Moderate evidence . 3
4.2.4 Insufficient evidence . . 4
4.3 Avoidance of risks . 4
4.3.1 General . 4
4.3.2 Well established . 4
4.3.3 Moderate evidence . . 4
4.3.4 Insufficient evidence . . 5
4.4 Implementation Considerations . 5
4.5 Conclusion . 5
Annex A (informative) Scientific background . 7
Bibliography .14
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© ISO/CIE 2022 – All rights reserved
Foreword
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electrotechnical standardization.
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described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
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This document was prepared by ISO/TC 274, Light and lighting in cooperation with the International
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© ISO/CIE 2022 – All rights reserved
Introduction
The content of this document represents the state of the art at the date of publication and it is not
necessarily complete.
At present ipRGC-influenced responses to light (IIL responses) are often referred to as non-image-
forming (NIF) or non-visual (NV) responses to reflect their distinction from perceptual vision. This
document reflects that interest while allowing for the possibility for the accepted range of light
responses driven by ipRGCs to expand as we gain more knowledge.
The light patterns of exposure can be beneficial or non-beneficial for humans depending on the setting,
relating to spectrum, intensity, duration, and timing of the resulting light exposure.
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© ISO/CIE 2022 – All rights reserved
TECHNICAL REPORT ISO/CIE TR 21783:2022(E)
Light and lighting — Integrative lighting — Non-visual
effects
1 Scope
This document provides an analysis and evaluation of the current state of the art with regard to
ipRGC-influenced responses to light in applying this knowledge in the context of identified topics to
be considered for use in lighting applications. This analysis has taken into consideration published
scientific papers, use cases, reports, best-practice guidelines and recommendations, see Annex A.
However, evaluation of the results will be based on scientifically validated findings.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
CIE S 017:2020, ILV: International Lighting Vocabulary
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in CIE S 017 and the following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https:// www .electropedia .org/
CIE maintains a terminology database for use in standardization at the following address:
— e-ILV: available at https:// cie .co .at/ e -ilv
3.1
integrative lighting
lighting integrating both visual and non-visual effects, and producing physiological and/or psychological
benefits upon humans
Note 1 to entry: The term "integrative lighting" applies only to humans.
Note 2 to entry: Lighting primarily for therapeutic purposes (light therapy) is not included.
Note 3 to entry: The term "human centric lighting" is used with a similar meaning.
[SOURCE: CIE S 017:2020, entry 17-29-028]
3.2
ipRGCs
intrinsically-photosensitive retinal ganglion cells
retinal ganglion cells that are photosensitive by means of the photopigment melanopsin
[SOURCE: CIE S 026:2018, entry 3.11, modified — notes to entry omitted]
© ISO/CIE 2022 – All rights reserved
3.3
ipRGC-influenced responses to light
ipRGC-influenced light (IIL) responses
light-induced responses or effects that can be elicited by ipRGCs
Note 1 to entry: ipRGCs can play a role in both visual and non-visual responses to ocular light exposure. At
present ipRGC-influenced responses to light are often referred to as non-image-forming (NIF) or non-visual (NV)
responses to reflect their distinction from perceptual vision.
Note 2 to entry: ipRGC-influenced responses to light can be influenced by rod, cone and melanopsin inputs.
[SOURCE: CIE S 026:2018, entry 3.12, modified — notes 1 and 2 to entry revised]
3.4
spectrum
display or specification of the monochromatic components of the radiation considered
[SOURCE: CIE S 017:2020, entry 17-21-015, modified — notes to entry omitted]
3.5
illuminance
density of incident luminous flux with respect to area at a point on a real or imaginary surface
dΦ
v
E =
v
dA
where
Φ is luminous flux;
v
A is the area on which the luminous flux is incident.
−2
Note 1 to entry: The illuminance is expressed in lux (lx = lm·m ).
[SOURCE: CIE S 017:2020, entry 17-21-060, modified — notes 1 and 2 to entry omitted]
3.6
electric lighting
lighting by electric light sources
[SOURCE: CIE S 017:2020, entry 17-29-025, modified — notes to entry omitted]
3.7
daylighting
lighting for which daylight is the light source
[SOURCE: CIE S 017:2020, entry 17-29-031, modified — notes to entry omitted]
4 Practical implementation
4.1 General
Daylighting and electric lighting can affect psychological and biological functioning via image-forming
[1]
and non-image-forming pathways. Due to benefits and risks that relate to both pathways, experience
has shown that both ought to be considered in the lighting design process. Knowledge about both
image-forming and non-image-forming effects of lighting enables a better evaluation of the effects of
daylighting and electric lighting on the human body.
In particular, the processing of information contained in the light beyond the forming of images plays
a crucial role. Among other things, this additional information can influence the human internal
© ISO/CIE 2022 – All rights reserved
clock and circadian rhythm. Besides the quantitative properties of light in the space as defined in
[64]
CIE S 026:2018, their temporal course is also of central importance. In practice, this means that a
given lighting installation, which will always have non-image-forming effects (positive or negative), is
managed in a suitable way in order to make positive use of the lighting.
All lighting installations will have effects on visual and physiological systems and can be intentionally
designed for these effects. Best results will occur when the lighting designer works with a
multidisciplinary team that includes occupational health experts, psychologists and others.
4.2 Beneficial aims
4.2.1 General
Considerations with regard to beneficial effects of light on humans focus on criteria for daylighting and
electric lighting. These considerations can be identified in addition to the classic visual criteria as listed
[65]
in ISO 8995-1 and are not meant to affect the visibility and quality of vision. The considerations are
grouped based on the strength of the scientific evidence at the time of writing. Well-established effects
have a strong body of scientific literature to support them. Moderate evidence effects have a smaller
scientific literature basis, but the evidence is consistent across studies. Insufficient evidence effects are
emerging areas with less consistent effects and low consensus. This classification into levels of evidence
only represents the status as at the end of 2019. Future research and publications might provide new
insights resulting in a different level of evidence.
For the individual planning and implementation
...
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