ISO/TC 274 - Light and lighting

This document specifies requirements for the commissioning of lighting systems in buildings to meet design specifications. This document presents details of the commissioning of lighting systems without focusing on the technical characteristics of specific components. This document can be applied to new installations of non-residential buildings and public spaces of multi-residence buildings. This document does not cover the commissioning of lighting systems concerning the electrical power connection aspects which are deemed to be in compliance with relevant legislation or standards. This document is not applicable to the commissioning of emergency lighting.

This document specifies a method of calculating the coordinates of the CIE 1976 L*a*b* colour space, including correlates of lightness, chroma and hue. It includes two methods for calculating Euclidean distances in this space to represent the perceived magnitude of colour differences. This document is applicable to tristimulus values calculated using colour-matching functions of the CIE 1931 standard colorimetric system or the CIE 1964 standard colorimetric system. This document can be used for the specification of colour stimuli perceived as belonging to a reflecting or transmitting object, where a three-dimensional space more uniform than tristimulus space is required. This document does not apply to colour stimuli perceived as belonging to an area that appears to be emitting light as a primary light source, or that appears to be specularly reflecting such light. This document is applicable to self-luminous displays, such as cathode ray tubes, if they are being used to simulate reflecting or transmitting objects and if the stimuli are appropriately normalized. Calculating the reverse transformation is shown in Annex A.

This document specifies colour-matching functions for use in colorimetry. Two sets of colour-matching functions are specified. — Colour-matching functions for the CIE 1931 standard colorimetric observer. This set of colour-matching functions is representative of the colour-matching properties of observers with normal colour vision for visual field sizes of angular subtense from about 1° to about 4°, for vision at photopic levels of adaptation. — Colour-matching functions for the CIE 1964 standard colorimetric observer. This set of colour-matching functions is representative of the colour-matching properties of observers with normal colour vision for visual field sizes of angular subtense greater than about 4°, for vision at sufficiently high photopic levels and with spectral power distributions such that no participation of the rod receptors of the retina is to be expected.

This document specifies methods of calculating the tristimulus values of colour stimuli for which the spectral distributions are provided. These colour stimuli can be produced by self-luminous light sources or by reflecting or transmitting objects. This document requires that the colour stimulus function be tabulated at measurement intervals of 5 nm or less in a wavelength range of at least 380 nm to 780 nm. Extrapolation methods are suggested for cases where the measured wavelength range is less than 380 nm to 780 nm. The standard method is defined as summation at 1 nm intervals over the wavelength range from 360 nm to 830 nm. Alternative abridged methods are defined for larger intervals (up to 5 nm) and shorter ranges (down to 380 nm to 780 nm). The alternative methods are to be used only when appropriate and when the user has reviewed the impact on the final results. This document can be used in conjunction with the CIE 1931 standard colorimetric observer or the CIE 1964 standard colorimetric observer.

This document specifies the erythema reference action spectrum, ser(λ), and the standard erythema dose (SED).

This document specifies a standardized way of working for determining the maintenance factor for both outdoor and indoor lighting installations using the methodology as described in CIE 154:2003 and CIE 097:2005.

This document specifies the methodology for evaluating the energy performance of lighting systems for providing general illumination inside non-residential buildings and for calculating or measuring the amount of energy required or used for lighting inside buildings. This document does not cover lighting requirements, the design of lighting systems, the planning of lighting installations, the characteristics of lighting equipment (lamps, control gear and luminaires) and systems used for display lighting, desk lighting or luminaires built into furniture. This document does not provide any procedure for the dynamic simulation of lighting scene setting.

ISO/CIE 8995-3:2018 specifies the lighting requirements which will contribute to the visual needs for safety and security within outdoor work places.

ISO/CIE 28077:2016 specifies the action spectrum for photocarcinogenesis of non-melanoma skin cancers.

ISO/CIE 11664-5:2016 specifies the method of calculating the coordinates of the CIE 1976 L*u*v* colour space including correlates of lightness, chroma, saturation and hue. It includes two methods for calculating Euclidean distances in this space to represent the relative perceived magnitude of colour differences. It also specifies the method of calculating the coordinates of the u′,v′ uniform chromaticity scale diagram. ISO/CIE 11664-5:2016 is applicable to tristimulus values calculated using the colour-matching functions of the CIE 1931 standard colorimetric system or the CIE 1964 standard colorimetric system. This part of ISO/CIE 11664 may be used for the specification of colour stimuli perceived as belonging to a reflecting or transmitting object, where a three-dimensional space more uniform than tristimulus space is required. This includes self-luminous displays, like cathode ray tubes, if they are being used to simulate reflecting or transmitting objects and if the stimuli are appropriately normalized. This part of ISO/CIE 11664, as a whole, does not apply to colour stimuli perceived as belonging to an area that appears to be emitting light as a primary light source or that appears to be specularly reflecting such light. Only the u′,v′ uniform chromaticity scale diagram defined in 4.1 and the correlates of hue and saturation defined in 4.3 apply to such colour stimuli.

ISO 10916:2014 defines the calculation methodology for determining the monthly and annual amount of usable daylight penetrating non-residential buildings through vertical facades and rooflights and the impact thereof on the energy demand for electric lighting. It can be used for existing buildings and the design of new and renovated buildings. ISO 10916:2014 provides the overall lighting energy balance equation relating the installed power density of the electric lighting system with daylight supply and lighting controls (proof calculation method). The determination of the installed power density is not in the scope of this method, neither are controls relating, for instance, to occupancy detection. Provided the determination of the installed power density and control parameters using external sources, the internal loads by lighting and the lighting energy demand itself can be calculated. The energy demand for lighting and internal loads by lighting can then be taken into account in the overall building energy balance calculations: heating; ventilation; climate regulation and control (including cooling and humidification); and heating the domestic hot-water supply of buildings. For estimating the daylight supply and rating daylight-dependent artificial lighting control systems, a simple table-based calculation approach is provided. The simple method describes the division of a building into zones as required for daylight illumination-engineering purposes, as well as considerations on the way in which daylight supplied by vertical facade systems and rooflights is utilized and how daylight-dependent lighting control systems effect energy demand. Dynamic vertical facades with optional shading and light redirection properties are considered, i.e. allowing a separate optimization of facade solutions under direct insolation and under diffuse skies. For rooflighting systems standard, static solutions like shed rooflights and continuous rooflights are considered. The method is applicable for different latitudes and climates. For standard building zones (utilizations), operation times are provided. For detailed computer-based analysis (comprehensive calculation), minimum requirements are specified. To support overall building performance assessment, additional daylight performance indicators on the overall building level are provided.

ISO/CIE 19476:2014 is applicable to illuminance and luminance meters. It defines quality indices characterizing the performance of such devices in a general lighting measurement situation, as well as measurement procedures for the individual indices and standard calibration conditions. Measurements of illuminance or luminance and their accuracy are influenced by various parameters, such as operational conditions, properties of light sources, as well as characteristics of the applied photometers. The characteristics of these photometers alone do not allow the determination of the measurement uncertainty for a specific measurement task. Nevertheless, it is generally true that instruments with "better" characteristics in most cases produce smaller uncertainties than instruments with "worse" properties.

ISO 11664-6:2014 specifies the method of calculating colour differences according to the CIEDE2000 formula. ISO 11664-6:2014 is applicable to input values of CIELAB L*, a*, b* coordinates calculated according to ISO 11664-4:2008(E). ISO 11664-6:2014 may be used for the specification of the colour difference between two colour stimuli perceived as belonging to reflecting or transmitting objects. This includes displays, if they are being used to simulate reflecting or transmitting objects and if the tristimulus values representing the stimuli are appropriately normalized. ISO 11664-6:2014 does not apply to colour stimuli perceived as belonging to areas that appear to be emitting light as primary light sources, or that appear to be specularly reflecting such light.

ISO 30061:2007 specifies the luminous requirements for emergency lighting systems installed in premises or locations where such systems are required. It is principally applicable to locations where the public or workers have access.

ISO 11664-2:2007 comprises ISO 10526:2007 and ISO 10526:2007/Cor.1:2008. Its technical content is identical to that of ISO 10526:2007. ISO 10526:2007/Cor.1:2008 changes the reference number of the standard from 10526 to 11664-2. ISO 11664-2:2007 specifies two illuminants for use in colorimetry. The illuminants are the CIE standard illuminant A and the CIE standard illuminant D65.

ISO 23539:2005 specifies the characteristics of the system of physical photometry established by the CIE and accepted as the basis for the measurement of light. It defines the photometric quantities, units and standards that make up the CIE system of physical photometry and that have been officially accepted by the Comité International des Poids et Mesures (CIPM).

ISO/CIE 23603:2005 specifies a method of assessing the spectral quality of the irradiance provided by a daylight simulator to be used for visual appraisal of colours or for colour measurements and a method of assigning a quality grade to the simulator. It specifies the maximum permissible deviation of the chromaticity of the simulator from the chromaticity of the CIE standard daylight illuminant or CIE daylight illuminant being simulated, for a simulator to be graded by this method.

ISO 15469:2004 defines a set of outdoor daylight conditions linking sunlight and skylight for theoretical and practical purposes.

This standard specifies lighting requirements for indoor work places and for people to perform the visual tasks efficiently, in comfort and safety throughout the whole work period. This standard does not explain how lighting systems or techniques should be designed to optimise solutions for specific work places. These may be found in the relevant CIE guides and reports.

The visibility of a road traffic signal depends on many factors, the most important of which are the colour, luminous intensity and luminous intensity distribution of the light. This Standard deals with the colour, luminous intensity and luminous intensity distribution for 200 mm road traffic signals. The serious problem of sun phantom, which can affect the correct recognition of the light, is included in the Standard. Reference documents relating to the colour of road traffic signals are detailed.

ISO 11664-3:2012 specifies methods of calculating the tristimulus values of colour stimuli for which the spectral distributions are provided. These colour stimuli may be produced by self-luminous light sources or by reflecting or transmitting objects.

ISO 11664-4:2008 specifies the method of calculating the coordinates of the CIE 1976 L*a*b* colour space including correlates of lightness, chroma and hue. It includes two methods for calculating Euclidean distances in this space to represent the perceived magnitude of colour differences. ISO 11664-4:2008 is applicable to tristimulus values calculated using colour-matching functions of the CIE 1931 standard colorimetric system or the CIE 1964 standard colorimetric system. ISO 11664-4:2008 may be used for the specification of colour stimuli perceived as belonging to a reflecting or transmitting object, where a three-dimensional space more uniform than tristimulus space is required. It does not apply to colour stimuli perceived as belonging to an area that appears to be emitting light as a primary light source, or that appears to be specularly reflecting such light. ISO 11664-4:2008 does apply to self-luminous displays, like cathode ray tubes, if they are being used to simulate reflecting or transmitting objects and if the stimuli are appropriately normalized.

ISO 11664-1:2007 comprises ISO 10527:2007 and ISO 10527:2007/Cor.1:2008. Its technical content is identical to that of ISO 10527:2007. ISO 10527:2007/Cor.1:2008 changes the reference number of the standard from 10527 to 11664-1. ISO 11664-1:2007 specifies colour-matching functions for use in colorimetry. Two sets of colour-matching functions are specified: colour-matching functions for the CIE 1931 standard colorimetric observer and colour-matching functions for the CIE 1964 standard colorimetric observer.

ISO 8995-3:2006 specifies the lighting requirements which will contribute to the visual needs for safety and security within outdoor work places