ISO/IEC 12034-1:2017
(Main)Information technology — Archive eXchange Format (AXF) — Part 1: Structure and semantics
Information technology — Archive eXchange Format (AXF) — Part 1: Structure and semantics
ISO/IEC 12034-1:2017 is Part 1 of a series of documents that specify a general-purpose format for the storage and/or communication of information in bulk form. The format is named the Archive eXchange Format (AXF). The format described is intended both for interchange between systems and to serve as a native format within systems. ISO/IEC 12034-1:2017 identifies two major categories of data storage media and specifies the basic structures of data stored on those Storage Media Types. It specifies a number of structural elements for use in constructing the appropriate structures for use on each of the Storage Media Types. It defines the semantics of data contained within fields specified for use in the structural elements. The structural elements themselves are documents coded in the eXtensible Markup Language (XML), and this document defines an XML Schema Description (XSD) file for use in formulating the XML documents to be used for the structural elements of AXF Objects.
Technologies de l'information — Archive eXchange Format (AXF) — Partie 1: Structure et sémantique
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INTERNATIONAL ISO/IEC
STANDARD 12034-1
First edition
2017-12
Information technology — Archive
eXchange Format (AXF) —
Part 1:
Structure and semantics
Technologies de l'information — Archive eXchange Format (AXF) —
Partie 1: Structure et sémantique
Reference number
©
ISO/IEC 2017
© ISO/IEC 2017, Published in Switzerland
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior
written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of
the requester.
ISO copyright office
Ch. de Blandonnet 8 • CP 401
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland
Tel. +41 22 749 01 11
Fax +41 22 749 09 47
copyright@iso.org
www.iso.org
ii © ISO/IEC 2017 – All rights reserved
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International
Electrotechnical Commission) form the specialized system for worldwide standardization.
National bodies that are members of ISO or IEC participate in the development of International
Standards through technical committees established by the respective organization to deal with
particular fields of technical activity. ISO and IEC technical committees collaborate in fields of
mutual interest. Other international organizations, governmental and non‐governmental, in
liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the work. In the field of information technology, ISO
and IEC have established a joint technical committee, ISO/IEC JTC 1.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance
are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria
needed for the different types of document should be noted. This document was drafted in
accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2
(see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the
subject of patent rights. ISO and IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such
patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will
be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see
www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and
does not constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to
the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the
following URL: www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
ISO/IEC 12034‐1:2017 was prepared by the Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers
(SMPTE) and was adopted, under the PAS procedure, by Joint Technical Committee
ISO/IEC JTC 1, Information technology, in parallel with its approval by the national bodies of ISO
and IEC.
© ISO/IEC 2017 – All rights reserved
ISO/IEC 12034-1
SMPTE ST 2034-1:2017
ISO/IEC 12034-1 STANDARD
Archive eXchange Format (AXF) —
Part 1: Structure & Semantics
Page 1 of 101 pages
Table of Contents Page
Foreword . 3
Intellectual Property . 3
Introduction. 3
1 Scope . 7
2 Conformance Notation . 7
3 Normative References . 7
4 Definitions . 8
5 Storage Media Types . 13
5.1 Media with File Systems . 14
5.2 Media without File Systems . 14
5.3 File Marks . 15
5.4 Relationships Between AXF Structures and Storage Media Types . 15
6 Archive eXchange Format (AXF) Structure . 16
6.1 Form of Data Expression . 16
6.2 Byte Order . 17
6.3 General AXF Concepts . 17
6.4 AXF Data Structures . 18
7 General Usage Considerations . 36
7.1 File Naming . 36
7.2 Media Preparation . 36
7.3 AXF Object Index Structures . 37
7.4 Creating, Reading, Writing, Copying, and Transferring AXF Objects . 38
7.5 Nesting AXF Objects . 39
8 Spanning . 39
8.1 Spanning Linkages . 39
8.2 Encountering a Spanning Situation . 43
8.3 Recovery of Spanned AXF Objects . 43
8.4 Spanning Rules . 43
9 Collected Sets . 44
9.1 Collected Set Linkages . 44
9.2 Collected Set Structure . 45
9.3 Add/Replace/Delete Processes . 45
9.4 Tracking Versions . 46
© ISO/IEC 2017 – All rights reserved
ISO/IEC 12034-1
SMPTE ST 2034-1:2017
10 AXF Data Model . 48
10.1 AXF Medium Identifier . 49
10.2 Object Header . 52
10.3 Object Fragment Header . 58
10.4 File Footer . 61
10.5 Object Fragment Footer . 63
10.6 Object Footer . 68
10.7 AXF Object Index . 74
10.8 UUID . 78
10.9 PositionInteger . 78
10.10 FileFolder . 79
10.11 Folder . 81
10.12 File . 84
10.13 Symlink . 87
10.14 FileTree . 90
10.15 Application . 91
10.16 Entity . 93
10.17 Location . 95
10.18 Identifiers . 97
10.19 Checksums . 97
10.20 Identifier . 97
10.21 Checksum . 98
10.22 ByteOrder . 100
10.23 Media Type . 101
10.24 Structure Version . 101
Page 2 of 101 pages
© ISO/IEC 2017 – All rights reserved
ISO/IEC 12034-1
SMPTE ST 2034-1:2017
Foreword
SMPTE (the Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers) is an internationally-recognized standard
developing organization. Headquartered and incorporated in the United States of America, SMPTE has
members in over 80 countries on six continents. SMPTE’s Engineering Documents, including Standards,
Recommended Practices, and Engineering Guidelines, are prepared by SMPTE’s Technology Committees.
Participation in these Committees is open to all with a bona fide interest in their work. SMPTE cooperates
closely with other standards-developing organizations, including ISO, IEC and ITU.
SMPTE Engineering Documents are drafted in accordance with the rules given in its Standards Operations
Manual.
SMPTE ST 2034-1 was prepared by Technology Committee 31FS on File Formats and Systems.
Intellectual Property
At the time of publication, no notice had been received by SMPTE claiming patent rights essential to the
implementation of this Engineering Document. However, attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the
elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. SMPTE shall not be held responsible for
identifying any or all such patent rights.
Introduction
This section is entirely informative and does not form an integral part of this Engineering Document.
The Archive eXchange Format (AXF) is an open format that supports interoperability among disparate data
storage systems and ensures long–term availability of data, no matter how storage or file system technologies
evolve. AXF inherently supports interoperability between existing, discrete storage systems, irrespective of the
operating and file systems used, and also future–proofs digital storage by abstracting the underlying technology
so that content remains available across generations of technology development.
At the most basic level, AXF is a file container that can encapsulate any number, size, and type of files in a fully
self–contained and self–describing package. The package contains its own light-weight file system, which
establishes independence from underlying operating systems, storage technologies, and file systems and can
store any type of data on any type of storage media. Inside its packaging, AXF can contain metadata of any
format, applicable to either AXF Objects or to individual fi
...
INTERNATIONAL ISO/IEC
STANDARD 12034-1
First edition
2017-12
Information technology — Archive
eXchange Format (AXF) —
Part 1:
Structure and semantics
Technologies de l'information — Archive eXchange Format (AXF) —
Partie 1: Structure et sémantique
Reference number
©
ISO/IEC 2017
© ISO/IEC 2017, Published in Switzerland
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior
written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of
the requester.
ISO copyright office
Ch. de Blandonnet 8 • CP 401
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland
Tel. +41 22 749 01 11
Fax +41 22 749 09 47
copyright@iso.org
www.iso.org
ii © ISO/IEC 2017 – All rights reserved
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International
Electrotechnical Commission) form the specialized system for worldwide standardization.
National bodies that are members of ISO or IEC participate in the development of International
Standards through technical committees established by the respective organization to deal with
particular fields of technical activity. ISO and IEC technical committees collaborate in fields of
mutual interest. Other international organizations, governmental and non‐governmental, in
liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the work. In the field of information technology, ISO
and IEC have established a joint technical committee, ISO/IEC JTC 1.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance
are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria
needed for the different types of document should be noted. This document was drafted in
accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2
(see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the
subject of patent rights. ISO and IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such
patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will
be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see
www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and
does not constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to
the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the
following URL: www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
ISO/IEC 12034‐1:2017 was prepared by the Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers
(SMPTE) and was adopted, under the PAS procedure, by Joint Technical Committee
ISO/IEC JTC 1, Information technology, in parallel with its approval by the national bodies of ISO
and IEC.
© ISO/IEC 2017 – All rights reserved
ISO/IEC 12034-1
SMPTE ST 2034-1:2017
ISO/IEC 12034-1 STANDARD
Archive eXchange Format (AXF) —
Part 1: Structure & Semantics
Page 1 of 101 pages
Table of Contents Page
Foreword . 3
Intellectual Property . 3
Introduction. 3
1 Scope . 7
2 Conformance Notation . 7
3 Normative References . 7
4 Definitions . 8
5 Storage Media Types . 13
5.1 Media with File Systems . 14
5.2 Media without File Systems . 14
5.3 File Marks . 15
5.4 Relationships Between AXF Structures and Storage Media Types . 15
6 Archive eXchange Format (AXF) Structure . 16
6.1 Form of Data Expression . 16
6.2 Byte Order . 17
6.3 General AXF Concepts . 17
6.4 AXF Data Structures . 18
7 General Usage Considerations . 36
7.1 File Naming . 36
7.2 Media Preparation . 36
7.3 AXF Object Index Structures . 37
7.4 Creating, Reading, Writing, Copying, and Transferring AXF Objects . 38
7.5 Nesting AXF Objects . 39
8 Spanning . 39
8.1 Spanning Linkages . 39
8.2 Encountering a Spanning Situation . 43
8.3 Recovery of Spanned AXF Objects . 43
8.4 Spanning Rules . 43
9 Collected Sets . 44
9.1 Collected Set Linkages . 44
9.2 Collected Set Structure . 45
9.3 Add/Replace/Delete Processes . 45
9.4 Tracking Versions . 46
© ISO/IEC 2017 – All rights reserved
ISO/IEC 12034-1
SMPTE ST 2034-1:2017
10 AXF Data Model . 48
10.1 AXF Medium Identifier . 49
10.2 Object Header . 52
10.3 Object Fragment Header . 58
10.4 File Footer . 61
10.5 Object Fragment Footer . 63
10.6 Object Footer . 68
10.7 AXF Object Index . 74
10.8 UUID . 78
10.9 PositionInteger . 78
10.10 FileFolder . 79
10.11 Folder . 81
10.12 File . 84
10.13 Symlink . 87
10.14 FileTree . 90
10.15 Application . 91
10.16 Entity . 93
10.17 Location . 95
10.18 Identifiers . 97
10.19 Checksums . 97
10.20 Identifier . 97
10.21 Checksum . 98
10.22 ByteOrder . 100
10.23 Media Type . 101
10.24 Structure Version . 101
Page 2 of 101 pages
© ISO/IEC 2017 – All rights reserved
ISO/IEC 12034-1
SMPTE ST 2034-1:2017
Foreword
SMPTE (the Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers) is an internationally-recognized standard
developing organization. Headquartered and incorporated in the United States of America, SMPTE has
members in over 80 countries on six continents. SMPTE’s Engineering Documents, including Standards,
Recommended Practices, and Engineering Guidelines, are prepared by SMPTE’s Technology Committees.
Participation in these Committees is open to all with a bona fide interest in their work. SMPTE cooperates
closely with other standards-developing organizations, including ISO, IEC and ITU.
SMPTE Engineering Documents are drafted in accordance with the rules given in its Standards Operations
Manual.
SMPTE ST 2034-1 was prepared by Technology Committee 31FS on File Formats and Systems.
Intellectual Property
At the time of publication, no notice had been received by SMPTE claiming patent rights essential to the
implementation of this Engineering Document. However, attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the
elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. SMPTE shall not be held responsible for
identifying any or all such patent rights.
Introduction
This section is entirely informative and does not form an integral part of this Engineering Document.
The Archive eXchange Format (AXF) is an open format that supports interoperability among disparate data
storage systems and ensures long–term availability of data, no matter how storage or file system technologies
evolve. AXF inherently supports interoperability between existing, discrete storage systems, irrespective of the
operating and file systems used, and also future–proofs digital storage by abstracting the underlying technology
so that content remains available across generations of technology development.
At the most basic level, AXF is a file container that can encapsulate any number, size, and type of files in a fully
self–contained and self–describing package. The package contains its own light-weight file system, which
establishes independence from underlying operating systems, storage technologies, and file systems and can
store any type of data on any type of storage media. Inside its packaging, AXF can contain metadata of any
format, applicable to either AXF Objects or to individual fi
...
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