ISO/IEC FDIS 18000-63

Information technology -- Radio frequency identification for item management

Technologies de l'information -- Identification par radiofréquence (RFID) pour la gestion d'objets

General Information

• Status: Published
• ICS: 35.040.50 - Automatic identification and data capture techniques
• Technical Committee: ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 31 - Automatic identification and data capture techniques
• Drafting Committee: ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 31/WG 4 - Radio communications
• Current Stage: 5020 - FDIS ballot initiated: 2 months. Proof sent to secretariat
• Start Date: 27-Jul-2021
• Completion Date: 27-Jul-2021

RELATIONS

• Revised: ISO/IEC 18000-63:2015 - Information technology -- Radio frequency identification for item management
• Effective Date: 23-Apr-2020

Standards Content (sample)

FINAL
INTERNATIONAL ISO/IEC
DRAFT
STANDARD FDIS
18000-63
ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 31
Information technology — Radio
Secretariat: ANSI
frequency identification for item
Voting begins on:
2021-07-27 management —
Voting terminates on:
Part 63:
2021-09-21
Parameters for air interface
communications at 860 MHz to 960
MHz Type C
Technologies de l'information — Identification par radiofréquence
(RFID) pour la gestion d'objets —
Partie 63: Paramètres de communications d'une interface radio entre
860 MHz et 960 MHz, Type C
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED TO
SUBMIT, WITH THEIR COMMENTS, NOTIFICATION
OF ANY RELEVANT PATENT RIGHTS OF WHICH
THEY ARE AWARE AND TO PROVIDE SUPPOR TING
DOCUMENTATION.
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
Reference number
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL, TECHNO-
ISO/IEC FDIS 18000-63:2021(E)
LOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND USER PURPOSES,
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS MAY ON
OCCASION HAVE TO BE CONSIDERED IN THE
LIGHT OF THEIR POTENTIAL TO BECOME STAN-
DARDS TO WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE MADE IN
NATIONAL REGULATIONS. ISO/IEC 2021
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ISO/IEC FDIS 18000-63:2021(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO/IEC 2021

All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may

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ISO copyright office
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Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO/IEC 2021 – All rights reserved
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ISO/IEC FDIS 18000-63:2021(E)
Contents Page

Foreword ..........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................v

Introduction ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................vi

1 Scope ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 1

2 Normative references ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 1

3 Terms and definitions ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 2

4 Symbols, abbreviated terms and notation ................................................................................................................................. 5

4.1 Symbols ......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 5

4.2 Abbreviated terms ............................................................................................................................................................................... 7

4.3 Notation ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 8

5 Conformance ............................................................................................................................................................................................................. 9

5.1 Claiming conformance ...................................................................................................................................................................... 9

5.2 General conformance requirements ..................................................................................................................................... 9

5.2.1 Interrogators ....................................................................................................................................................................... 9

5.2.2 Tags .............................................................................................................................................................................................. 9

5.3 Command structure and extensibility .............................................................................................................................10

5.3.1 General...................................................................................................................................................................................10

5.3.2 Mandatory commands .............................................................................................................................................10

5.3.3 Optional commands ...................................................................................................................................................10

5.3.4 Proprietary commands ...........................................................................................................................................10

5.3.5 Custom commands ......................................................................................................................................................10

5.4 Reserved for Future Use (RFU) ..............................................................................................................................................11

5.5 Cryptographic Suite Indicators ..............................................................................................................................................11

6 Protocol requirements ................................................................................................................................................................................11

6.1 Protocol overview .............................................................................................................................................................................11

6.1.1 Physical layer ...................................................................................................................................................................11

6.1.2 Tag-identification layer ...........................................................................................................................................11

6.2 Protocol parameters ........................................................................................................................................................................12

6.2.1 Signaling — Physical and media access control parameters ..................................................12

6.2.2 Logical — Operating procedure parameters ........................................................................................14

6.3 Description of operating procedure ..................................................................................................................................15

6.3.1 Physical interface..........................................................................................................................................................15

6.3.2 Logical interface ............................................................................................................................................................37

7 Battery Assisted Passive (BAP) Interrogator Talks First systems (optional) .................................112

7.1 Applicability ........................................................................................................................................................................................112

7.2 General overview, definitions, and requirements of BAP.............................................................................113

7.3 BAP inventoried flag and state machine behaviour modifications ......................................................114

7.3.1 Modification to ready state and power-down support for BAP Tags ...........................114

7.3.2 Signal loss tolerance via timer (mandatory) .....................................................................................115

7.3.3 Modified persistence of BAP PIE inventory flags (optional) ................................................117

7.4 BAP PIE (optional) .........................................................................................................................................................................119

7.4.1 Flex_Query command (optional) .................................................................................................................119

7.4.2 BAP PIE detailed operation including optional Battery Saver Mode ............................121

7.5 Manchester mode Battery Assisted operation protocol extensions ...................................................126

7.5.1 General................................................................................................................................................................................126

7.5.2 Physical layer ................................................................................................................................................................127

7.5.3 Manchester activation ...........................................................................................................................................133

7.5.4 Commands summary .............................................................................................................................................148

8 Sensor support (optional) ...................................................................................................................................................................162

8.1 Applicability ........................................................................................................................................................................................162

8.2 Overview ................................................................................................................................................................................................162

8.3 Real Time Clock (RTC) ................................................................................................................................................................163

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ISO/IEC FDIS 18000-63:2021(E)

8.3.1 General................................................................................................................................................................................163

8.3.2 Setting the RTC ............................................................................................................................................................163

8.3.3 BroadcastSync command (optional) ........................................................................................................164

8.3.4 Time synchronisation ............................................................................................................................................164

8.4 HandleSensor command (optional) ................................................................................................................................165

8.5 Simple Sensors ..................................................................................................................................................................................166

8.5.1 Simple Sensor implementation .....................................................................................................................166

8.6 Full Function Sensors and Sensor Directory System........................................................................................168

8.6.1 General................................................................................................................................................................................168

8.6.2 Sensor Access — General approach ..........................................................................................................169

8.7 Snapshot Sensors ............................................................................................................................................................................175

8.7.1 General................................................................................................................................................................................175

8.7.2 Initiating Snapshot Sensor measurements .........................................................................................178

8.7.3 Reporting Snapshot Sensor Information ..............................................................................................179

Annex A (normative) Extensible bit vectors (EBV) .........................................................................................................................181

Annex B (normative) State-transition tables ........................................................................................................................................182

Annex C (normative) Command-response tables.............................................................................................................................239

Annex D (informative) Example slot-count (Q) selection algorithm ............................................................................266

Annex E (informative) Example Tag inventory and access .....................................................................................................267

Annex F (informative) Calculation of 5-bit and 16-bit cyclic redundancy checks ..........................................268

Annex G (normative) Multiple- and dense-Interrogator channelized signaling ..............................................270

Annex H (informative) Interrogator-to-Tag link modulation ...............................................................................................273

Annex I (normative) Error codes .......................................................................................................................................................................275

Annex J (normative) Slot counter......................................................................................................................................................................277

Annex K (informative) Example data-flow exchange ....................................................................................................................278

Annex L (informative) Optional Tag features .......................................................................................................................................281

Annex M (informative) Cryptographic-Suite checklist ................................................................................................................284

Annex N (informative) Battery Assisted Tag to Interrogator synchronization ..................................................285

Annex O (normative) Simple Sensors Data Block ............................................................................................................................288

Annex P (normative) Record structures and commands for Ported Simple Sensors .................................299

Annex Q (informative) Battery Assisted Passive (BAP) PIE and Manchester mode tutorial

guide ...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................315

Annex R (informative) Manchester mode RF power control ................................................................................................326

Bibliography .........................................................................................................................................................................................................................331

iv © ISO/IEC 2021 – All rights reserved
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ISO/IEC FDIS 18000-63:2021(E)
Foreword

ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical

Commission) form the specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that are

members of ISO or IEC participate in the development of International Standards through technical

committees established by the respective organization to deal with particular fields of technical

activity. ISO and IEC technical committees collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other international

organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the

work.

The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are

described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for

the different types of document should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the

editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives or www .iec .ch/ members

_experts/ refdocs).

Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject

of patent rights. ISO and IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent

rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the

Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents) or the IEC

list of patent declarations received (see patents.iec.ch).

Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not

constitute an endorsement.

For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and

expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the

World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see www .iso .org/

iso/ foreword .html. In the IEC, see www .iec .ch/ understanding -standards.

This document was prepared by Joint Technical Committee ISO/IEC JTC 1, Information technology,

Subcommittee SC 31, Automatic identification and data capture techniques.

This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO/IEC 18000-63:2015), which has been

technically revised.
The main changes compared to the previous edition are as follows:
— incorporation of the Technical Corrigendum;
— incorporation of a new sensor class for snapshot sensors.

A list of all parts in the ISO/IEC 18000 series can be found on the ISO and IEC websites.

Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A

complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/ members .html and www .iec .ch/ national

-committees.
© ISO/IEC 2021 – All rights reserved v
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ISO/IEC FDIS 18000-63:2021(E)
Introduction

This document defines the physical and logical requirements for a passive-backscatter, Interrogator-

talks-first (ITF), radio-frequency identification (RFID) system operating in the 860 MHz to 960 MHz

frequency range. The system comprises Interrogators, also known as Readers, and Tags, also known as

Labels or Transponders.

An Interrogator transmits information to a Tag by modulating an RF signal in the 860 MHz to 960 MHz

frequency range. The Tag receives both information and operating energy from this RF signal. Tags are

passive, meaning that they receive all of their operating energy from the Interrogator’s RF signal.

An Interrogator receives information from a Tag by transmitting a continuous-wave (CW) RF signal to

the Tag; the Tag responds by modulating the reflection coefficient of its antenna, thereby backscattering

an information signal to the Interrogator. The system is ITF, meaning that a Tag modulates its antenna

reflection coefficient with an information signal only after being directed to do so by an Interrogator.

Interrogators and Tags are not required to talk simultaneously; rather, communications are half-duplex,

i.e. Interrogators talk and Tags listen, or vice versa.

The described backscatter radio frequency identification (RFID) system that supports the following

system capabilities:
— identification and communication with multiple tags in the field;

— selection of a subgroup of tags for identification or with which to communicate;

— reading from and writing to or rewriting data many times to individual tags;
— user-controlled permanently lockable memory;
— data integrity protection;
— Interrogator-to-tag communications link with error detection;
— tag-to-Interrogator communications link with error detection;
— support for both passive back-scatter tags with or without batteries.

The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and International Electrotechnical

Commission (IEC) draw attention to the fact that it is claimed that compliance with this document may

involve the use of a patent.

ISO and IEC take no position concerning the evidence, validity and scope of this patent right.

The holder of this patent right has assured ISO and IEC that he/she is willing to negotiate licences under

reasonable and non-discriminatory terms and conditions with applicants throughout the world. In this

respect, the statement of the holder of this patent right is registered with ISO and IEC. Information may

be obtained from the patent database available at www .iso .org/ patents.
vi © ISO/IEC 2021 – All rights reserved
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ISO/IEC FDIS 18000-63:2021(E)

Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject

of patent rights other than those in the patent database. ISO and IEC shall not be held responsible for

identifying any or all such patent rights.Information on the declared patents may be obtained from:

Contact details
Patent Holder:
Legal Name Atmel Automotive GmbH
Contact for license application:
Name & Department Leo Merken, Legal Department, ATMEL Corporation
Address 2325 Orchard Parkway
Address San Jose, CA 95131 USA
Tel. [phone]
Fax [phone]
E-mail leo.merken@ atmel .com
URL (optional)
Patent Holder:
Legal Name CISC Semiconductor Design+Consulting GmbH
Contact for license application:
Name & Department Markus Pistauer, CEO
Address Lakeside B07
Address 9020 Klagenfurt, Austria
Tel. [phone]
Fax [phone]
E-mail m.pistauer@ cisc .at
URL (optional) www .cisc .at
Patent holder:
ETRI (Electronics Telecommunication Reseach Institute)
Contact for license application:
Name & Department: Min-Sheo Choi, Intellectual Property Management Team
Address: 138 Gajeongno, Yuseong-gu
Address: Daejeon, 305-700, Korea
Tel. [phone]
Fax [phone]
E-mail choims@ etri .re .kr
URL (optional) www .etri .re .kr
© ISO/IEC 2021 – All rights reserved vii
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ISO/IEC FDIS 18000-63:2021(E)
Contact details
Patent Holder:
Legal Name Impinj, Inc.
Contact for license application:
Name & Department Chris Diorio, CTO
Address 701 N. 34th Street, Suite 300
Address Seattle, WA 98103, USA
Tel. [phone]
Fax [phone]
E-mail diorio@ impinj .com
URL (optional) www .impinj .com
Patent Holder:
Legal Name: Magellan Technology Pty. Limited
Contact for license application:
Name & Department: Ms Jean Angus
Address: 65 Johnston St
Address: Annandale, NSW 2038, Australia
Tel. [phone]
Fax [phone]
E-mail: license@ magellan- technology .com
URL (optional):
Patent Holder:
Legal Name NXP B.V.
Contact for license application:
Name & Department Aaron Waxler – IP Licensing & Claims
Address 411 East Plumeria,
Address San Jose, CA 95134-1924, USA
Tel. [phone]
Fax
E-mail Aaron.Waxler@ nxp .com
URL (optional)
Patent Holder:
Legal Name SATO VICINITY Pty. Limited
Contact for license application:
Name & Department Mr. Hiromasa Konishi, Managing Director
Address 8 Guihen Street, Annandale, NSW 2038, Australia
Address
Tel. [phone]
Fax [phone]
E-mail hiromasa.konishi@ sato -glo bal . com
URL (optional) www .satovicinity .com
viii © ISO/IEC 2021 – All rights reserved
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ISO/IEC FDIS 18000-63:2021(E)
Contact details
Patent Holder:
Legal Name TAGSYS SAS
Contact for license application:
Name & Department Mr. Alain Fanet President
Address 785 Voie Antiope, TI Athélia 3
Address F-13600 La Ciotat
Tel. [phone]
Fax [phone]
E-mail alain.fanet@t agsysrfid .com
URL (optional) www .mojix .com
Patent Holder:
Legal Name University of Pittsburgh - Of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania
Contact for license application:
Name & Department Marc S. Malandro, PhD, CLP, RTIP
Address University of Pittsburgh, 200 Gardner Steel Conference Center
Address Thackeray & O'Hara Streets, Pittsburgh, PA 15260
Tel. [phone]
Fax [phone]
E-mail mmalandro@ innovation .pitt .edu
URL (optional)
Patent Holder:
Legal Name Zebra Technologies Corporation
Contact for license application:
Name & Department Glenn Frankenberger, Sr. IP Counsel, Legal Department
Address One Motorola Plaza
Address Holtsville, NY 11742
Tel. [phone]
Fax [phone]
E-mail glenn.frankenberger@ zebra .com
URL (optional)

Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of

patent rights other than those identified above. ISO and IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying

any or all such patent rights.

The latest information on IP that may be applicable to this document can be found at www .iso .org/

patents
© ISO/IEC 2021 – All rights reserved ix
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FINAL DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC FDIS 18000-63:2021(E)
Information technology — Radio frequency identification
for item management —
Part 63:
Parameters for air interface communications at 860 MHz
to 960 MHz Type C
1 Scope

This document defines the air interface for radio frequency identification (RFID) devices operating

in the 860 MHz to 960 MHz industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) band used in item management

applications. It provides a common technical specification for RFID devices that can be used to develop

RFID application standards. This document is intended to allow for compatibility and to encourage

inter-operability of products for the growing RFID market in the international marketplace.

It defines the forward and return link parameters for technical attributes including, but not limited

to, operating frequency, operating channel accuracy, occupied channel bandwidth, maximum effective

isotropic radiated power (EIRP), spurious emissions, modulation, duty cycle, data coding, bit rate, bit

rate accuracy, bit transmission order, and, where appropriate, operating channels, frequency hop rate,

hop sequence, spreading sequence, and chip rate. It further defines the communications protocol used

in the air interface.

This document specifies the physical and logical requirements for a passive-backscatter, Interrogator-

Talks-First (ITF) systems. The system comprises Interrogators, also known as readers, and tags, also

known as labels. An Interrogator receives information from a tag by transmitting a continuous-wave

(CW) RF signal to the tag; the tag responds by modulating the reflection coefficient of its antenna,

thereby backscattering an information signal to the Interrogator. The system is ITF, i.e. a tag modulates

its antenna reflection coefficient with an information signal only after being directed to do so by an

Interrogator.
This document specifies

— physical interactions (the signalling layer of the communication link) between Interrogators and

tags;
— logical operating procedures and commands between Interrogators and Tags;

— the collision arbitration scheme used to identify a specific tag in a multiple-tag environment;

— optional security commands that allow the use of crypto suites of ISO/IEC 29167.

2 Normative references

The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content

constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For

undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.

ISO/IEC 15961 (all parts), Information technology — Data protocol for radio frequency identification

(RFID) for item management

ISO/IEC 15962, Information technology — Radio frequency identification (RFID) for item management —

Data protocol: data encoding rules and logical memory functions
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ISO/IEC FDIS 18000-63:2021(E)

ISO/IEC 15963-1, Information technology — Radio frequency identification for item management —

Part 1: Unique identification for RF tags numbering systems
ISO/IEC 18000-61, Information
...