ISO/DIS 4586-7

High-pressure decorative laminates (HPL, HPDL) -- Sheets based on thermosetting resins (usually called laminates)

Stratifiés décoratifs haute pression (HPL, HPDL) -- Plaques à base de résines thermodurcissables (communément appelées stratifiés)

Standards Content (sample)

DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
ISO/DIS 4586-7
ISO/TC 61/SC 11 Secretariat: JISC
Voting begins on: Voting terminates on:
2020-03-10 2020-06-02
High-pressure decorative laminates (HPL, HPDL) —
Sheets based on thermosetting resins (usually called
laminates) —
Part 7:
Classification and specifications for design laminates

Stratifiés décoratifs haute pression (HPL, HPDL) — Plaques à base de résines thermodurcissables

(communément appelées stratifiés) —
Partie 7: Classification et spécifications pour conception stratifiés
ICS: 83.140.20
THIS DOCUMENT IS A DRAFT CIRCULATED
FOR COMMENT AND APPROVAL. IT IS
THEREFORE SUBJECT TO CHANGE AND MAY
NOT BE REFERRED TO AS AN INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD UNTIL PUBLISHED AS SUCH.
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL,
This document is circulated as received from the committee secretariat.
TECHNOLOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND
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STANDARDS MAY ON OCCASION HAVE TO
BE CONSIDERED IN THE LIGHT OF THEIR
POTENTIAL TO BECOME STANDARDS TO
WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE MADE IN
Reference number
NATIONAL REGULATIONS.
ISO/DIS 4586-7:2020(E)
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED
TO SUBMIT, WITH THEIR COMMENTS,
NOTIFICATION OF ANY RELEVANT PATENT
RIGHTS OF WHICH THEY ARE AWARE AND TO
PROVIDE SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION. ISO 2020
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ISO/DIS 4586-7:2020(E)
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© ISO 2020

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ii © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved
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ISO/DIS 4586-7:2020(E)
Contents Page

Foreword ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................iv

Introduction ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................v

1 Scope ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 1

2 Normative references ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 1

3 Terms and definitions ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 1

4 Material types .......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 2

5 Requirements .......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 3

5.1 Compliance ................................................................................................................................................................................................. 3

5.2 Inspection requirements ................................................................................................................................................................ 3

5.2.1 General...................................................................................................................................................................................... 3

5.2.2 Colour, pattern and surface finish ..................................................................................................................... 3

5.2.3 Metal ........................................................................................................................................................................................... 3

5.2.4 Wood veneer ........................................................................................................................................................................ 4

5.2.5 Reverse side ......................................................................................................................................................................... 4

5.2.6 Visual inspection .............................................................................................................................................................. 4

5.3 Dimensional tolerance requirements .................................................................................................................................. 4

5.3.1 Dimensional tolerance requirements for pearlescent laminates ........................................... 4

5.3.2 Dimensional tolerance requirements for metal laminates .......................................................... 5

5.3.3 Dimensional tolerance requirements for wood veneer laminates ....................................... 6

5.4 Test requirements ................................................................................................................................................................................ 7

5.4.1 General requirements for pearlescent laminates ................................................................................ 7

5.4.2 General requirements for metal laminates ............................................................................................11

5.4.3 General requirements for wood veneer laminates ..........................................................................14

5.4.4 Additional requirements for type P high-pressure decorative design laminates .17

5.4.5 Notes on requirements for reaction to fire (see Annex B) ........................................................18

Annex A (informative) Addendum to Tables 8, 9, and 10 relating to test method for

resistance to scratching ..............................................................................................................................................................................19

Annex B (informative) Addendum to 5.4.5, relating to fire performance ...................................................................20

Bibliography .............................................................................................................................................................................................................................22

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ISO/DIS 4586-7:2020(E)
Foreword

ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards

bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out

through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical

committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International

organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.

ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of

electrotechnical standardization.

The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are

described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the

different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the

editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).

Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of

patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of

any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or

on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).

Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not

constitute an endorsement.

For an explanation on the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and

expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the

World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following

URL: www .iso .org/ iso/ foreword .html.

This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 61, Plastics, Subcommittee SC 11,

Products.

This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 4586-7:2015), which has been technically

revised.
The main changes compared to the previous edition are as follows:
— correction of errors due to typographical, formatting, and omission issues.
A list of all parts in the ISO 4586 series can be found on the ISO website.
iv © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved
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ISO/DIS 4586-7:2020(E)
Introduction

High-pressure decorative laminates are characterized by their qualities, durability, and functional

performance. High-pressure laminates sheet are available in a wide variety of colours, patterns, and

surface finishes. They are resistant to wear, scratching, impact, moisture, heat, and staining; and

possess good hygienic and anti-static properties, being easy to clean and maintain.

In an effort to harmonize ISO 4586 with other high-pressure decorative laminate standards,

multiple methods may be published that demonstrate similar properties. In these instances, the

same test method title is given and is annotated as either “Method A” or “Method B”. This is the case

in the following tests: Edge squareness — 8/9, Dry heat — 17/18 Dimensional stability at elevated

temperatures — 19/20, Dimensional stability at ambient temperature — 21/22, Staining — 30/31,

Lightfastness — 32/33, Formability — 36/37, and Blistering — 38/39. In these instances, either

method may be utilized in testing. Compliance to both methods is not required. While these tests are

similar they are by no means identical and results of one method do not necessarily correspond to the

results of the accompanying test. In these situations, it is intended that the documentation in specific

parts of ISO 4586 for performance requirements be consulted. Each specific method has performance

requirements particular to that method for individual grades of high-pressure decorative laminate.

This document has been harmonized with EN 438-8 whenever possible.
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DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/DIS 4586-7:2020(E)
High-pressure decorative laminates (HPL, HPDL) —
Sheets based on thermosetting resins (usually called
laminates) —
Part 7:
Classification and specifications for design laminates
1 Scope

This document applies to laminates intended for interior use with a design effect surface having

a phenolic based core and a decorative surface, not covered by ISO 4586-3 through ISO 4586-6 and

ISO 4586-8. Three surface material types (metal, wood veneer, and pearlescent décor) are defined in

this document.
ISO 4586-2 specifies the methods of test relevant to this document.
2 Normative references

The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content

constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For

undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.

ISO 178, Plastics — Determination of flexural properties

ISO 1183-1, Plastics — Methods for determining the density of non-cellular plastics — Part 1: Immersion

method, liquid pycnometer method and titration method

ISO 4586-2:2018, High-pressure decorative laminates (HPL, HPDL) — Sheets based on thermosetting resins

(usually called laminates) — Part 2: Determination of properties
ISO 11664-2, Colorimetry — Part 2: CIE standard illuminants
EN 12722, Furniture — Assessment of surface resistance to dry heat
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.

ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:

— IEC Electropedia: available at https:// www .electropedia .org/
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
1) ISO 4211-2:1993 modified.
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ISO/DIS 4586-7:2020(E)
3.1
high-pressure decorative laminate
HPL
HPDL

sheet consisting of layers of cellulosic fibrous material (normally paper) impregnated with

thermosetting resins and bonded together by the high pressure process (3.2)

Note 1 to entry: This is a general definition of high-pressure decorative laminate(s). More specific product

definitions can be found in ISO 4586-3 to ISO 4586-8.

Note 2 to entry: The back of the sheet(s) is made suitable for adhesive bonding to a substrate.

3.2
high-pressure process

simultaneous application of heat (temperature ≥ 120 °C) and high specific pressure (≥ 5 MPa), to

provide flowing and subsequent curing of the thermosetting resins to obtain a homogeneous non-

porous material with increased density (≥ 1,35 g/cm ), and with the required surface finish

3.3
pearlescent laminate

high-pressure decorative laminate (3.1), the surface material of which consists of a pearlescent effect

decorative paper, which is impregnated with melamine resin

Note 1 to entry: To achieve the optimum aesthetic effect from the pearlescent pigment a protective melamine

layer is not used.

Note 2 to entry: As a result, some surface properties are reduced (e.g. scratch, wear) therefore it is recommended

that these products are used for vertical applications.
3.4
metal laminate

high-pressure decorative laminate (3.1), the surface material of which consists of a thin layer of metal

EXAMPLE Aluminium, steel, or copper.

Note 1 to entry: The surface is often protected by a thin layer of lacquer or in the case of aluminium, the surface

may be anodized. The surface performance and appearance of these metal laminates is equivalent to that of a

thin metal sheet.

Note 2 to entry: As some surface properties are lower than that of melamine (e.g. scratch, wear), it is recommended

that these products are used for vertical applications.
3.5
wood veneer laminate

high-pressure decorative laminate (3.1), the surface material of which consists of a wood veneer, which is

covered by a protective melamine layer

Note 1 to entry: The surface appearance of these wood veneer laminates is similar to wood. Wood veneer

laminates are not normally available in postforming grade.
4 Material types

High pressure decorative design laminates are defined using a three letter classification system as

shown in Table 1.
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ISO/DIS 4586-7:2020(E)
Table 1 — Numerical classification
First letter Second letter Third letter
A (Pearlescent laminate) C (Compact) S (Standard grade)
M (Metal laminate) T (Thin laminate, < 2 mm) or P (Postformable grade)
W (Wood laminate) or F (Flame-retardant grade)
Type S — Standard grade decorative laminates.

Type P — Postformable decorative laminates; similar to type S but can also be formed at elevated temperature.

Type F — Decorative laminates with improved fire retardance; similar to types S or P but also meeting special requirements

of specified fire tests which may vary according to the application (e.g. construction, marine, transport) and the country of

use (see 5.4.5).

In addition to the abbreviation “HPL” or “HPDL” and the number of this document, materials shall be specified by the

alphabetical classification system.

NOTE As an example, pearlescent standard grade thin high-pressure decorative design laminate is designated as HPL/

ISO 4586-8 ATS or HPDL/ISO 4586-8 ATS.
5 Requirements
5.1 Compliance

High-pressure decorative design laminates classified in Table 1 shall comply with all the appropriate

requirements specified in 5.2, 5.3, and 5.4. This applies to both full-size sheets and cut-to-size panels.

5.2 Inspection requirements
5.2.1 General

Inspection shall be carried out in accordance with ISO 4586-2:2018, Clause 4, at a distance of 0,75 m

to 1,5 m.
5.2.2 Colour, pattern and surface finish

When inspected in daylight or D65 standard illuminant, as specified in ISO 11664-2, and under

tungsten-filament lighting illuminant F as specified in ISO 11664-2, a slight difference between the

corresponding colour reference sample held by the supplier and the specimen under test is acceptable.

As colour and surface finish are critical, it is recommended that the sheets are checked for colour and

surface finish compatibility without protective film before fabrication or installation.

Some of these products are directional in surface finish or colour and they shall be installed in the

correct orientation.
5.2.3 Metal

When inspected in daylight or D65 standard illuminant and under tungsten-filament lighting

illuminant F a slight difference between the corresponding colour reference sample held by the supplier

and the specimen under test is acceptable.

As colour and surface finish are critical, it is recommended that the sheets are checked for colour and

surface finish compatibility without protective film before fabrication or installation.

Some of these products are directional in surface finish or colour and they shall be installed in the

correct orientation. Small indentations in the surface are unavoidable.
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ISO/DIS 4586-7:2020(E)
5.2.4 Wood veneer

Due to the fact that wood is a natural product, each veneer may be considered as unique. Slight colour

and structure differences are considered normal. Singularities such as knots and resin inclusions are

not considered as defects, but as a part of the décor. There are differences in light fastness performance

depending on the wood species and the source of the wood.
5.2.5 Reverse side

The reverse side of single-sided sheets shall be suitable for adhesive bonding (e.g. sanded). In the case

of sanded backs, slight chatter marks shall be permitted.
5.2.6 Visual inspection
5.2.6.1 General

The following inspection requirements are intended as a general guide, indicating the minimum

acceptable quality for laminates. Cut-to-size panels and certain applications involving full-size sheets

may call for special quality requirements which can be negotiated between the supplier and purchaser,

in such cases the following requirements may be used as a basis for agreement. Only a small percentage

of sheets in a batch (the level to be agreed upon between the supplier and the customer) shall contain

defects of the minimum acceptable level.
5.2.6.2 Surface quality
The following defects are permissible.
— Dirt, spots dents, and similar surface defects.

The admissible size of such defects is based on a maximum contamination area equivalent to

2 2
1,0 mm /m of laminate and is proportional to the sheet size under inspection.

The total admissible area of contamination may be concentrated in one spot or dispersed over an

unlimited amount of smaller defects.
— Fibres, hairs, and scratches.

The admissible size of such defects is based on a maximum contamination area equivalent to

2 2
10 mm /m of laminate and is proportional to the sheet size under inspection.

The total admissible area of contamination may be concentrated in one spot or dispersed over an

unlimited amount of smaller defects.
5.2.6.3 Edge quality

Visual defects (e.g. moisture marks, lack of gloss, corner damage) can be present on all four edges of the

laminate, providing the defect-free length and width are at least the nominal size minus 20 mm.

5.3 Dimensional tolerance requirements
5.3.1 Dimensional tolerance requirements for pearlescent laminates

Dimensional tolerance requirements for pearlescent laminates are specified in Tables 2 and 3.

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ISO/DIS 4586-7:2020(E)
Table 2 — Dimensional tolerance requirements for thin pearlescent laminates
Test method
Property Requirement
(ISO 4586-2:2018,
Clause No.)
0,5 mm ≤ d ≤ 1,0 mm: ±0,10 mm maximum deviation
Thickness 5 1,0 mm ≤ d ≤ 2,0 mm: ±0,15 mm maximum deviation
where d = nominal thickness
Length and width 6 +10 mm/−0 mm
Straightness of edges 7 1,5 mm/m maximum deviation
Squareness (Method A) 8 1,5 mm/m maximum deviation
Squareness (Method B) 9 < 6 mm
Flatness 10 60 mm/m maximum deviation

Tolerances for cut-to-size panels shall be agreed between supplier and purchaser.

Provided that the laminates are stored in the manner and conditions recommended by the manufacturer.

Table 3 — Dimensional tolerance requirements for compact pearlescent laminates
Test method
Property Requirement
(ISO 4586-2:2018,
Clause No.)
2,0 mm ≤ d < 3,0 mm: ±0,20 mm maximum deviation
3,0 mm ≤ d < 5,0 mm: ±0,30 mm maximum deviation
5,0 mm ≤ d < 8,0 mm: ±0,40 mm maximum deviation
8,0 mm ≤ d < 12,0 mm: ±0,50 mm maximum deviation
12,0 mm ≤ d < 16,0 mm: ±0,60 mm maximum deviation
Thickness 5
16,0 mm ≤ d < 20,0 mm: ±0,70 mm maximum deviation
20,0 mm ≤ d < 25,0 mm: ±0,80 mm maximum deviation
25,0 mm ≤ d: to be agreed upon between the supplier and
customer
where d = nominal thickness
Length and width 6 +10 mm/-0 mm
Straightness of edges 7 1,5 mm/m maximum deviation
Squareness (Method A) 8 1,5 mm/m maximum deviation
Squareness (Method B) 9 < 6 mm
2,0 mm ≤ d < 6,0 mm: 8,0 mm/m maximum deviation
6,0 mm ≤ d < 10,0 mm: 5,0 mm/m maximum deviation
Flatness 10
10,0 mm ≤ d: 3,0 mm/m maximum deviation
where d = nominal thickness

Tolerances for cut-to-size panels shall be agreed between supplier and purchaser.

Provided that the laminates are stored in the manner and conditions recommended by the manufacturer.

5.3.2 Dimensional tolerance requirements for metal laminates

Dimensional tolerance requirements for metal laminates are specified in Tables 4 and 5.

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ISO/DIS 4586-7:2020(E)
Table 4 — Dimensional tolerance requirements for thin metal laminates
Test method
Property Requirement
(ISO 4586-2:2018,
Clause No.)
0,5 mm ≤ d < 1,0 mm: ±0,15 mm maximum deviation
Thickness 5 1,0 mm ≤ d < 2,0 mm: ±0,18 mm maximum deviation
where d = nominal thickness
Length and width 6 +10 mm/-0 mm
Straightness of edges 7 1,5 mm/m maximum deviation
Squareness (Method A) 8 1,5 mm/m maximum deviation
Squareness (Method B) 9 < 6 mm
Flatness 10 100 mm/m maximum deviation

Tolerances for cut-to-size panels shall be agreed between supplier and purchaser.

Provided that the laminates are stored in the manner and conditions recommended by the manufacturer.

Table 5 — Dimensional tolerance requirements for compact metal laminates
Test method
Property Requirement
(ISO 4586-2:2018,
Clause No.)
2,0 mm ≤ d < 3,0 mm: ±0,25 mm maximum deviation
3,0 mm ≤ d < 5,0 mm: ±0,40 mm maximum deviation
5,0 mm ≤ d < 8,0 mm: ±0,50 mm maximum deviation
8,0 mm ≤ d < 12,0 mm: ±0,70 mm maximum deviation
12,0 mm ≤ d < 16,0 mm: ±0,80 mm maximum deviation
Thickness 5
16,0 mm ≤ d < 20,0 mm: ±0,90 mm maximum deviation
20,0 mm ≤ d < 25,0 m: ±1,00 mm maximum deviation
25,0 mm ≤ d: to be agreed upon between the supplier and
customer
where d = nominal thickness
Length and width 6 +10 mm/-0 mm
Straightness of edges 7 1,5 mm/m maximum deviation
Squareness (Method A) 8 1,5 mm/m maximum deviation
Squareness (Method B) 9 < 6 mm
2,0 mm ≤ d < 6,0 mm: 8,0 mm/m maximum deviation
6,0 mm ≤ d < 10,0 mm: 5,0 mm/m maximum deviation
Flatness 10
10,0 mm ≤ d: 3,0 mm/m maximum deviation
where d = nominal thickness

Tolerances for cut-to-size panels shall be agreed between supplier and purchaser.

Provided that the laminates are stored in the manner and conditions recommended by the manufacturer.

5.3.3 Dimensional tolerance requirements for wood veneer laminates

Dimensional tolerance requirements for wood veneer laminates are specified in Tables 6 and 7.

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ISO/DIS 4586-7:2020(E)
Table 6 — Dimensional tolerance requirements for thin wood veneer laminates
Test method
Property Requirement
(ISO 4586-2:2018,
Clause No.)
0,5 mm ≤ d < 1,0 mm: ±0,15 mm maximum deviation
Thickness 5 1,0 mm ≤ d < 2,0 mm: ±0,18 mm maximum deviation
where d = nominal thickness
Length and width 6 +10 mm/-0 mm
Straightness of edges 7 1,5 mm/m maximum deviation
Squareness (Method A) 8 1,5 mm/m maximum deviation
Squareness (Method B) 9 < 6 mm
Flatness 10 120 mm/m maximum deviation

Tolerances for cut-to-size panels shall be agreed between supplier and purchaser.

Provided that the laminates are stored in the manner and conditions recommended by the manufacturer.

Table 7 — Dimensional tolerance requirements for compact wood veneer laminates
Test method
Property Requirement
(ISO 4586-2:2018,
Clause No.)
2,0 mm ≤ d < 3,0 mm: ±0,25 mm maximum deviation
3,0 mm ≤ d < 5,0 mm: ±0,40 mm maximum deviation
5,0 mm ≤ d < 8,0 mm: ±0,50 mm maximum deviation
8,0 mm ≤ d < 12,0 mm: ±0,70 mm maximum deviation
12,0 m ≤ d < 16,0 mm: ±0,80 mm maximum deviation
Thickness 5
16,0 mm ≤ d < 20,0 mm: ±0,90 mm maximum deviation
20,0 mm ≤ d < 25,0 mm: ±1,00 mm maximum deviation
25,0 mm ≤ d: to be agreed upon between the supplier and
customer
where d = nominal thickness
Length and width 6 +10 mm/-0 mm
Straightness of edges 7 1,5 mm/m maximum deviation
Squareness (Method A) 8 1,5 mm/m maximum deviation
Squareness (Method B) 9 < 6 mm
2,0 mm ≤ d < 6,0 mm: 12,0 mm/m maximum deviation
6 mm ≤ d < 10,0 mm: 8,0 mm/m maximum deviation
Flatness 10
10 mm ≤ d: 5,0 mm/m maximum deviation
where d = nominal thickness

Tolerances for cut-to-size panels shall be agreed between supplier and purchaser.

Provided that the laminates are stored in the manner and conditions recommended by the manufacturer.

5.4 Test requirements
5.4.1 General requirements for pearlescent laminates
General requirements for pearlescent laminates are specified in Table 8.
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ISO/DIS 4586-7:2020(E)
Table 8 — General requirements for pearlescent laminates
Property Test method Property or Unit (max. or min.) Laminate grade
(ISO 4586- attribute
ATS ATP ATF ACS ACF
2:2018, Clause
No. unless oth-
erwise stated)
Rating (min.) 3 3 3 3 3
Appearance Gloss finish 4 4 4 4 4
Other finishes
% (max.) — — — 5,0 7,0
Resistance to
immersion in 13 Mass increase 2 mm ≤ d < 5 mm — — — 2,0 3,0
boiling water
d ≥ 5 mm
% (max.) — — — 6,0 9,0
Thickness
2 mm ≤ d < 5 mm — — — 2,0 6,0
increase
d ≥ 5 mm
Resistance to
15 Appearance Rating (min.) 3 3 3 3 3
water vapour
% (max.) 0,75 0,75 0,75 — —
d < 2 mm 1,25 1,25 1,25 — —
% (max.) — — — 0,40 0,40
Dimensional sta-
Cumulative
2 mm ≤ d < 5 mm — — — 0,80 0,80
bility at elevated
19 dimensional
temperature b
change
(Method A) or
% (max.) — — — 0,30 0,30
d ≥ 5 mm — — — 0,60 0,60
Where d = nominal thickness.

L = in the longitudinal (or machine) direction of the fibrous sheet material (normally the direction of the longest

dimension of the laminate).

T = in the cross-longitudinal (cross-machine) direction of the fibrous sheet material (at right angles to direction L).

Extraneous darkening and/or photochroism are due to the shock effect of accelerated exposure and are not

characteristic of natural exposure.
Machine crosshead speed of 10 mm/min.
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ISO/DIS 4586-7:2020(E)
Table 8 (continued)
Property Test method Property or Unit (max. or min.) Laminate grade
(ISO 4586- attribute
ATS ATP ATF ACS ACF
2:2018, Clause
No. unless oth-
erwise stated)
% (max.) 0,75 1,00 1,10 — —
d < 2 mm 1,25 1,15 1,25 — —
% (max.) — — — 0,30 0,30
Dimensional sta-
Cumulative
2 mm ≤ d < 5 mm — — — 0,70 0,30
bility at elevated
20 dimensional
temperature b
change
(Method B)
% (max.) — — — 0,30 0,30
d ≥ 5 mm — — — 0,70 0,30
% (max.) 0,75 0,75 0,75 — —
d < 2 mm 1,25 1,25 1,25 — —
% (max.) — — — 0,40 0,40
Dimensional sta-
Cumulative
2 mm ≤ d < 5 mm — — — 0,80 0,80
bility at ambient
21 dimensional
temperature b
change
(Method A) or
% (max) — — — 0,30 0,30
d ≥ 5 mm — — — 0,60 0,60
Where d = nominal thickness.

L = in the longitudinal (or machine) direction of the fibrous sheet material (normally the direction of the longest

dimension of the laminate).

T = in the cross-longitudinal (cross-machine) direction of the fibrous sheet material (at right angles to direction L).

Extraneous darkening and/or photochroism are due to the
...